《2022年高考英语一轮复习讲练测》Unit 1 Festivals and Celebrations 作业

UNIT1　FestivalsandCelebrationsA组·基础巩固Ⅰ.语法填空ATheSpringFestivalisthemostimportantofthetraditionalChinesefestivals.Itisoften1.________(call)“LunarNewYear”，because—aspartofthelunisolar(阴阳的)Chinesecalendar—thedateispartiallydeterminedbasedonthelunarphase(月亮或行星的相位).Thefestivaltraditionally2.________(begin)onthefirstdayofthefirstmonthintheChinesecalendarandendswiththeLanternFestival3.________isonthe15thday.ChineseNewYear'sEve,adaywhenChinesefamiliesgatherfortheirannualreuniondinner,isknownaschuxi.Itliterallymeans“YearpassEve”.Accordingto4.________(tale)andlegends,thebeginningofChineseNewYearstartedwiththefightagainst5.________mythical(神话的)beastcalledNian(年兽).NianwouldcomeonthefirstdayofNewYeartodevour(吞食)livestock(牲畜),crops,andevenvillagers,6.________(especial)children.Toprotect7.________，thevillagerswouldputfoodinfrontoftheirdoorsatthebeginningofeveryyear.ItwasbelievedthatafterNian8.________(eat)thefoodtheyprepared,itwouldn'tattackpeopleanymore.Onetime,peoplesawthatNianwasscaredawaybyalittlechildwearingred.ThevillagersthenunderstoodthatNianwasafraid9.________thecolourred.Hence,everytimeNewYearwasabouttocome,thevillagerswouldhangredlanternsandredspringscrollsonwindowsanddoors.Peoplealsousedfireworks10.________(frighten)awayNian.Fromthenon,Niannevercametothevillageagain.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国新年的来历。1.called　考查语态。春节常被叫作“农历新年”，此处主语It与动词call之间为被动关系，故填called。2.begins　考查时态。传统上来讲，春节开始于农历第一个月的第一天。此处是对客观事实的描述，故用一般现在时。3.which/that　考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句且在从句中作主语，修饰先行词theLanternFestival，故填which/that。4.tales　考查名词复数。tale为可数名词，前无限定词，且根据空后的legends可知，此处应用tale的复数形式与legends构成并列关系。5.a　考查冠词。空处表示泛指，且mythical以辅音音素开头，所以用不定冠词a。6.especially　考查副词。根据语境可知此处用副词作状语，表示“尤其”。7.themselves　考查代词。为了保护自己，村民们每年年初都会把食物放在家门口。根据语境可知此处应用反身代词themselves。8.ate　考查时态。根据语境及主句的时态可知，此处用一般过去时。9.of　考查介词。村民们后来明白了，年兽害怕红色。beafraidof...“害怕……” ，为固定搭配。10.tofrighten　考查非谓语动词。此处应用动词不定式表示目的。B(2020·山东济宁模拟)PekingOperaisaformoftraditionalChinesetheatrethat1.________(appear)inBeijinginthelate18thcentury.2.________(combine)music,song,danceandacrobatics(杂技动作)inalivelyandcolourfuldisplay,itisa3.________(relative)newstyleofdrama,comparedtoothertypesofChinesetheatre.IntheearlyyearsofPekingOpera,alltheactorsweremen,4.________therolesofwomenplayedbyyoungboys.Thestoriesfellintotwomain5.________(category)—wen,orciviltheatre,whichfocusedonlove,marriageandothercivilianconcerns,andwu,ormilitarytheatre,whichfocusedonthethemeofwarandwasknownforfeaturingthrillingstageactions.Inthefirsthalfofthe6.________(twenty)century,themostfamousactorofPekingOperawasMeiLanfang,7.________playedakeyroleinpopularisingPekingOperaandintroducingChinesetheatretotheWest.Additionally,Meialsotooktheboldstepintakingonfemalestudents,whichwas8.________highlyriskyandunconventionalstepatthetime.AfterthefoundingofthePeople'sRepublicofChina,PekingOperaperformances,whichdealtwithcontemporaryandrevolutionarythemes,wereencouraged.Despite9.________(it)upsanddowns,PekingOperawasrevived(复兴)inthe1980sandcontinuesto10.________(perform)today.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了京剧的发展。1.appeared　考查时态。根据时间状语“inthelate18thcentury”可知，此处陈述发生在过去的事情，应用一般过去时。2.Combining　考查非谓语动词。combine的逻辑主语为it，两者之间为主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。3.relatively　考查副词。应用副词修饰形容词new，故填relatively。4.with　考查介词。分析句子结构可知，此处为with复合结构。考查的结构形式为“with＋名词＋过去分词”，在句中作状语。5.categories　考查名词的单复数。根据空前的“twomain”可知，此处应填所给名词的复数形式categories。6.twentieth　考查序数词。根据语境和空前的“the”可知，此处应用序数词。故填twentieth。7.who　考查定语从句。此处为非限制性定语从句，先行词为MeiLanfang，指人，故用who。8.a　考查冠词。此处表泛指，且highly以辅音音素开头，故填不定冠词a。9.its　考查代词。despite为介词，upsanddowns意为“兴衰，浮沉”，为名词短语，故此处应用形容词性物主代词its。10.beperformed　考查语态。perform与Peking Opera之间是动宾关系，应用被动语态，且空处位于不定式符号to之后，故填beperformed。Ⅱ.根据提示补全句子1.随着高考的临近，我们压力很大。①With_the_College_Entrance_Examination_approaching,weareundergreatstress.(with;approach)②As_the_College_Entrance_Examination_draws_near,weareundergreatstress.(as;draw)2.这个故事的寓意是：不遗余力地获取知识，不管情况多么困难都不要轻易气馁。(nomatterhow/however)Themoralofthestoryis:sparenoefforttoacquireknowledgeandnevergetdiscouragedeasilyhowever/no_matter_how_difficult_the_situation_may_be.3.我的爱好广泛，包括读书、写日记、与朋友一起打球等等。(range)Ihavea_wide_range_ofhobbies,includingreading,keepingdiaries,playingballswithfriendsandsoon.4.如果你想提高你的英语口语水平，你应该充分利用每一个可能的机会练习讲英语。(takeadvantageof)IfyouwanttoimproveyouroralEnglish,youshouldtake_full_advantage_ofeverypossiblechancetopractisespeakingit.5.网络是一个很好的发现，我认为它对人们的生活很有意义。(significant)TheInternetisawonderfuldiscovery,whichIthinkis_very_significant_topeople'slives.B组·能力提升Ⅰ.阅读理解AChineseFestivalsAsanancientcountry,Chinahasvariousfestivals.TheSpringFestivalOntheeveningbeforetheSpringFestival,thefamilygettogethertohaveabigmeal.Dumplingsarethemosttraditionalfood.Besidesdeliciousfoodandnewclothes,childrenalsogetluckymoneyfromtheirparents.PeoplealsoputChineseNewYearscrolls(春联)onthewallforgoodfortune.TheLantern(灯笼)FestivalDuringthisfestival,thereisspecialfoodcalled“tangyuan”，whichissaidtosymboliseboththefirstfullmoonandfamilycompleteness.Partofthelanternfestivaltraditioninvolvesagametoguessriddlesattachedtothelantern.Stiltwalking(踩高跷),drumming,dragonandliondancingarethemainentertainmentformsoftheLanternFestival.TheDuanwuFestivalAlsocalledtheDragonBoatFestival,itistocommemorate(纪念)thepatriotic(爱国的)poetQuYuan,aloyalandhighlyesteemedminister,whobroughtpeaceandprosperitytohisstatebut endedupdrowninghimselfinariverasaresultofbeingvilified(污蔑，诽谤)．TheDoubleSeventhFestivalOnthe7thdayofthe7thlunarmonth,thereisatraditionalfestivalfullofromance.ItcelebratestheannualmeetingofNiuLang(Cowherd)andZhiNü(WeaverMaid).Inrecentyears,inparticular,urbanyouthshavecelebrateditasValentine'sDayinChina.TheMidAutumnFestivalItisaconventionalfestivalforboththeHanandminoritynationalitiesinChina.ThecustomofworshippingthemooncanbetracedbacktotheancientXiaandShangDynasties.TheMidAutumnFestivalisalsoaholidayformembersofafamilytogettogether.TheDoubleNinthFestivalOntheninthdayoftheninthmonthintheChineselunarcalendar,peoplecelebratetheDoubleNinthFestival.Later,thetraditiondevelopsintothecustomofclimbingmountainsandeatingdoubleninthcakes,whichmeansthatourlifewillbecomebetterandbetter.1.WhichisnotinvolvedintheentertainmentsoftheLanternFestival?A.Stiltwalking.B.Dragondancing.C.Guessingriddles.D.Deliciousfoodandluckymoney.2.WhichofthefollowingtellsaboutaChineseancestorwhoisthesymbolofdevoteesofhishomeland?A.TheSpringFestival.B.TheDuanwuFestival.C.TheDoubleSeventhFestival.D.TheDoubleNinthFestival.3.WhataspectistheMidAutumnFestivaluniquein?A.Familiesgettingtogether.B.AfestivalofHannationality.C.Worshippingthemoon.D.Symbolisingthefullmoon.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国最典型的几个传统节日：春节、元宵节、端午节、七夕节、中秋节和重阳节。1.D　细节理解题。根据第三段最后两句可知A、B、C项都被包括在内。D项中的food虽然也涉及，但luckymoney却是春节才有的。故选D。2.B　推理判断题。通读第四段对屈原的介绍可知，屈原与本题中的“thesymbolofdevoteesofhishomeland”指代一致。故选B。3.C　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段第二句“Thecustomofworshippingthemoon...”可知，中秋节崇拜月亮的习俗渊源久远。比较其他节日，都没有这个习俗，故选C。 B(2020·山东名校联考)Coralreefs(珊瑚礁)areremarkablynoisyecosystemsinoceans.Thespecialnoisesbringmanyfishsettlingthereanddriveenemiesaway.Whenthere'saheatwave,oceantemperaturesriseandthecoralwillloseitscolour,andturnwhite.Itsresidentsthenleaveforhealthierplaces.Withoutthecreatureactivity,reefsfallsilent,asignofdying.Astudyprovesplayingsoundsofhealthyreefsworksonrebuildingenergyofareef.Researchersfoundthenewcomersdrawninbytheunderwaterspeakerstuckaround.TheideabeginswithTimGordon,abiologist,whostudiestheinfluenceofsoundsondiverseunderwateranimalsatthescenicGreatBarrierReefinAustralia.WhatGordonandhisresearchgrouphearonanormalreefstruckthemasawonder.It'sthereforesoupsettingforthemthatreefsbecamesoquietastheydied.Thatgothimthinking:Couldsoundshelprenewdyingreefs?VastsectionsoftheGreatBarrierReefhaveturnedwhiteduringthepastfiveyears.Buthowcouldaseawatertemperatureincreaseofaslittleas1℃causesuchextensiveinfluence?Livingreefshousethousandsoftinyanimals,knownascoralpolyps.Theyliveamongsttheboneremainsoftheirancestors.Thosepolypshaveacloserelationshipwithalgae(海藻)calledzooxanthellaewholiveinsideacoralpolyp'stissues.Theygivecoralitsbrightappearance.Thealgaeusesunlighttomakerawsugar.Thisfeedsnotonlythealgae,butalsothecoralpolyps.Coralsandalgaegrowwellintropical(热带的)waters.Butwhenthewatergetstoohot,thetinyalgaebecomedamaged.Thatcausescoralstobootthemout.Withouttheircolourfulcompanions,thecoralpolypsbecometransparent.Thenthebonelikeframeworkthepolypsliveinshowsthrough.Thereefturnswhite.Iftheseawaterstaystoowarm,thepolypsdon'tgetenoughfood.Eventuallytheydie.Thenoisemakingcreaturesthathadlivedaroundthemnowmustgoinsearchofanewneighbourhood.Theyleavebehindabareandsilentreef.4.Howdothesoundshelpreefsrecover?A.Byenergisingdyingcorals.B.Byscaringreefs'enemiesaway.C.Byattractingcreaturesback.D.Byreducingtheheatwave'seffect.5.WhatimpressesTimGordonandotherresearchers?A.Thesoundofahealthyreef.B.ThesceneoftheGreatBarrierReef.C.Diversityofunderwateranimals.D.Theinfluenceofseawatertemperature.6.Whatmakecoralreefscolourful?A.Coralpolyps.B.Zooxanthellae.C.Heatwaves.D.Boneremainsofcoralpolyps. 7.Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A.Howtheecosystemworksinoceans.B.Howacoralreefgraduallydies.C.Howrisingtemperatureaffectsalgae.D.Howcreaturesdependoneachother.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了海水温度上升给珊瑚礁带来的生存困境以及珊瑚礁是如何死亡的。4.C　推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Withoutthecreatureactivity,reefsfallsilent,asignofdying.Astudyprovesplayingsoundsofhealthyreefsworksonrebuildingenergyofareef.Researchersfoundthenewcomersdrawninbytheunderwaterspeakersstuckaround.”可知，没有了生物活动，珊瑚礁将不再发声，濒临死亡。而播放健康的珊瑚礁的声音会吸引来新的生物，帮助珊瑚礁恢复活力。5.A　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“WhatGordonandhisresearchgrouphearonanormalreefstruckthemasawonder.”可知，健康的珊瑚礁发出的声音使TimGordon感到惊讶。6.B　细节理解题。结合第三段中的“Theygivecoralitsbrightappearance”和第四段中的“Withouttheircolourfulcompanions,thecoralpolypsbecometransparent”可知，zooxanthellae使珊瑚礁颜色鲜艳。7.B　段落大意题。最后一段主要介绍珊瑚虫和海藻在热带水域里生长良好，当海水过热时，珊瑚虫会驱逐海藻而变得透明，从而珊瑚礁也会变白。如果海水温度太高，珊瑚虫没有足够的食物，最终会死亡，生活在它们周围的发声的生物也会离开，留下荒芜沉寂的珊瑚礁，这一过程是珊瑚礁的死亡过程，故B项能概括本段大意。Ⅱ.完形填空Haveyouevernoticedhowthewayyoufeelaboutyourselfsometimesdependsonwhetherornotyougetconfirmationofyourvaluefromothers?Ihave1alotaboutnurturingapositiveidentityofloveandappreciationfromthemanwhotaughtmetotraindogs.First,hestartedoutby2hisdogswithloveandrespect,andbyshowingthemaninfiniteamountof3astheywerelearning.Then,the4thinghedidwasatruestrokeofgenius.Hewouldcutasmallpieceof5foreachdog.Hewouldplaceitinthedog'ssleepingarea,forhimto6eachnight.Hewouldalsotakethiscarpetduringthe7andsetitdowninvariouslocations,andsitthedogonthecarpet,ashe8thedogforbeinggood.Next,Frankwouldteachthedogto9thecarpethimself,andcarryitto10theyweregoing.Thedogwouldthensetthecarpetdownwhenthey11，withFrankallofthetimepraisinghim.NowFranksaid,“Thedogbeginstofeelthathetruly12ineveryplacehetravelsto,andnomatterwherehegoes,he13 myloveandappreciation.”Ifthisstrategy14sobrilliantlywithdogs,woulditnotworkjust15withhumanbeings?1.A.learned　　　　B.accumulatedC.improvedD.distinguished2.A.pleasingB.treatingC.surroundingD.chasing3.A.sympathyB.comfortC.patienceD.honour4.A.firstB.lastC.nextD.least5.A.clothB.meatC.areaD.carpet6.A.lieonB.hideinC.standbesideD.playwith7.A.morningB.afternoonC.eveningD.day8.A.blamedB.encouragedC.praisedD.accompanied9.A.carrywithB.careforC.cutupD.pickup10.A.whereverB.wheneverC.howeverD.whatever11.A.ranB.stoppedC.stoodD.turned12.A.participatesB.breaksC.belongsD.corresponds13.A.receivesB.expectsC.ignoresD.takes14.A.worksB.goesC.agreesD.applies15.A.aspossibleB.aswellC.betterthanD.stillless【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要介绍了弗兰克对狗的训练策略，并由此而引发思索——若将这些策略运用到生活中，是否将对生活有很多的帮助。1.A　结合句意可知，此处是指作者从别人那儿学到了知识，故选A项。2.B　结合句意可知，此处用“以爱和尊重对待狗”符合语境，故选B项。3.C　结合常识可知，训练狗需要耐心，故选C项。 4.C　根据上文的First可知此处用“接下来”符合语境，故选C项。5.D　根据下文的sitthedogonthecarpet可知此处用“毯子”符合语境，故选D项。6.A　结合上下文可知，此处是指让狗躺在毯子上睡觉，故选A项。7.D　根据上文的“forhimto__6__eachnight”可知狗晚上睡在毯子上，故推测白天他会把毯子放在不同的地方，故选D项。8.C　根据下文的“forbeinggood”可知此处用“表扬”符合语境，故选C项。9.D　根据下文的“andcarryitto__10__theyweregoing”可知，要先捡起毯子才能把它带到其他地方去，故选D项。10.A　根据下文的“andnomatterwherehegoes”可知此处用“任何地方”符合语境，故选A项。11.B　根据上文的“setthecarpetdown”可推测这是在狗停下时发生的动作，故选B项。12.C　结合句意可知，此处是指在弗兰克的表扬下狗有了归属感，故选C项。13.A　结合句意可知，此处是狗在任何地方都可以被弗兰克表扬，收到他的爱和欣赏，故选A项。14.A　根据下文的“woulditnotworkjust__15__withhumanbeings？”可知此处用“奏效”符合语境，work是原词复现，故选A项。15.B　结合上下文可知，此处是指狗通过主人对它的表扬可以找到归属感，那么人可能也会如此，用“也”符合语境，故选B项。