冲刺2022年高考英语阅读理解七选五 生活技巧类（解析版）

时事热点冲刺2022年高考英语阅读理解七选五生活技巧类（解析版）(2017·全国甲卷）话题:避免打扰的方法　词数:200W　难度:★★　　Interruptionsareoneoftheworstthingstodealwithwhileyou’retryingtogetworkdone.　36　,thereareseveralwaystohandlethings.Let’stakealookatthemnow.　37　.Tellthepersonyou’resorryandexplainthatyouhaveamillionthingstodoandthenaskifthetwoofyoucantalkatadifferenttime.Whenpeopletrytointerruptyou,havesethoursplannedandletthemknowtocomebackduringthattimeorthatyou’llfindthemthen.　38　.Itcanhelptoeliminate(消除)futureinterruptions.Whenyouneedtotalktosomeone,don’tdoitinyourownoffice.　39　,it’smucheasiertoexcuseyourselftogetbacktoyourworkthanifyoutrytogetsomeoneoutofyourspaceevenafterexplaininghowbusyyouare.Ifyouhaveadoortoyouroffice,makegooduseofit.　40　.Ifsomeoneknocksandit’snotanimportantmatter,excuseyourselfandletthepersonknowyou’rebusysotheycangetthehint(暗示)thatwhenthedoorisclosed,you’renottobedisturbed.A.Ifyou’rebusy,don’tfeelbadaboutsayingnoB.Whenyouwanttoavoidinterruptionsatwork英语第13页（共13页） C.SetboundariesforyourselfasfarasyourtimegoesD.Ifyou’reintheotherperson’sofficeorinapublicareaE.It’simportantthatyouletthemknowwhenyou’llbeavailableF.ItmightseemunkindtocutpeopleshortwhentheyinterruptyouG.Leaveitopenwhenyou’reavailabletotalkandcloseitwhenyou’renot【文章大意】本文主要告诉我们怎样避免在工作时被打断。36.【解析】选B。空后面是一个完整的句子,这说明填空处是一个从句,然后根据前面的Interruptions可知选B。37.【解析】选A。根据空后面的句点可知,填空处需要一个完整的句子。根据下一句中的youhaveamillionthingstodo可知you’rebusy。故选A。38.【解析】选E。空前面一句提到,有人想打断你时,安排好以后见面的时间,由此可知,填空处表示让想打断你的人知道你什么时候有空很重要。故选E。39.【解析】选D。空后面是一个完整的句子,所以此处是一个从句,根据空前面的提示词office可知选D。40.【解析】选G。根据空前面的adoor和本段最后一句中的thedoorisclosed可知选G。【难句剖析】Ifsomeoneknocksandit’snotanimportantmatter,excuseyourselfandletthepersonknowyou’rebusysotheycangetthehintthatwhenthedoorisclosed,you’renottobedisturbed.分析:Ifsomeoneknocksandit’snotanimportantmatter是if引导的条件状语从句。so后面表示结果,在此部分中thatwhenthedoorisclosed,you’renottobe英语第13页（共13页） disturbed是同位语从句,作hint的同位语。同位语从句中含有when引导的时间状语从句。翻译:如果有人敲门且不是重要的事情,给自己找个借口,让那个人知道你很忙,于是他们就会明白这个暗示,那就是当门关着时你不想被打扰。(2017·全国乙卷)话题:野营　　词数:276W　　难度:★★★　　IfanyonehadtoldmethreeyearsagothatIwouldbespendingmostofmyweekendscamping,Iwouldhavelaughedheartily.Campers,inmyeyes,werepeoplewhoenjoyedinsectbites,ill-cookedmeals,anduncomfortablesleepingbags.Theyhadnothingincommonwithme.　36 Thefriendswhointroducedmetocampingthoughtthatitmeanttobeapioneer.　37　Wesleptinatent,cookedoveranopenfire,andwalkedalongdistancetotaketheshowerandusethebathroom.ThisbriefvisitwithMotherNaturecostmetwodaysofffromwork,recoveringfromabadcaseofsunburnandthedoctor’sbillformyson’sfoodpoisoning.Iwas,nevertheless,talkedintogoingonanotherfun-filledholidayinthewilderness.38Instead,wehadapop-upcamperwithcomfortablebedsandanairconditioner.Mynature-lovingfriendshadrememberedtobringallthenecessitiesoflife.　39　Wehavedonealotofitsince.Recently,weboughtatwenty-eight-foottraveltrailercompletewithabathroomandabuilt-inTVset.Thereisaseparatebedroom,amodernkitchenwitharefrigerator.Thetrailerevenhasmatchingcarpet英语第13页（共13页） andcurtains.　40　Itmustbetruethatsoonerorlater,everyonefindshisorherwaybacktonature.Irecommendthatyoufindyourwayinstyle.A.Thistimetherewasnotent.B.Thingsaregoingtobeimproved.C.Thetriptheytookmeonwasaroughone.D.Iwastolearnalotaboutcampingsincethen,however.E.ImustsaythatIhavecertainlycometoenjoycamping.F.Afterthetrip,myfamilybecamequiteinterestedincamping.G.Therewasnoshadeasthetreeswerenomorethan3feettall.【文章大意】作者最初不喜欢野营,经过几次有准备的野营后,逐渐喜欢上它了。36.【解析】选D。前面提到野营的缺点,这些是作者三年前的认识。此处表示转折,然而,自从那时以来我对野营有了更多的认识。then指代前面提到的threeyearsago。37.【解析】选C。空后面提到这次野营住在帐篷里,在户外做饭,走很远的路去洗澡,回家后两天没有上班,因为被晒伤和儿子食物中毒。这都说明这次野营对作者来说是很困难的一次。故选C。38.【解析】选A。根据空后面的wehadapop-upcamperwithcomfortablebeds说明这次没有帐篷。故选A。39.【解析】选F。此处承接上文,表示自从那一次野营后,我们一家人就对野营感兴趣了。引出空后面一句Wehavedonealotofitsince.自从那时以来我们去野营多次了。英语第13页（共13页） 40.【解析】选E。最后一段是总结,前面提到作者对野营从不喜欢到喜欢的一个过程,所以此处作者得出结论:我必须承认我开始喜欢野营了。【难句剖析】IfanyonehadtoldmethreeyearsagothatIwouldbespendingmostofmyweekendscamping,Iwouldhavelaughedheartily.分析:这是一个使用虚拟语气的句子。if虚拟条件句中thatIwouldbespendingmostofmyweekendscamping是told的宾语从句。翻译:三年前如果有人告诉我我将大部分周末用来去野营,我会大笑。(2017·全国丙卷)话题:生物钟　　　　词数:244W　　　　难度:★★★Lotsofpeoplefindithardtogetupinthemorning,andputtheblameonthealarmclock.Infact,thekeytoeasymorningwake-upliesinresettingyourbodyclock.　36　Here’showtomakeone.·　37　Inordertomakeachange,youneedtodecidewhyit’simportant.Doyouwanttogetupintimetohavebreakfastwithyourfamily,getinsomeexercise,orjustbebetterpreparedforyourday?Onceyouareclearaboutyourreasons,tellyourfamilyorroommatesaboutthechangeyouwanttomake.·Rethinkmornings.Nowthatyouknowwhyyouwanttowakeup,considerre-arrangingyourmorningactivities.Ifyouwanttimetohavebreakfastwithyourfamily,savesometimethenightbeforebysettingoutclothes,shoes,andbags.　38　That’saquarter-hourmoreyoucouldbesleepingifyouboughtacoffeemakerwithatimer.英语第13页（共13页） ·Keepyoursleep/wakescheduleonweekends.Ifyou’retiredoutbyFridaynight,sleepinginonSaturdaycouldsoundwonderful.Butcompensatingontheweekendsactuallyfeedsintoyoursleepinessthefollowingweek,arecentstudyfound.　39 ·Keeparecordandevaluateitweekly.Keeptrackofyoureffortsandwritedownhowyoufeel.Afteryou’vetriedanewmethodforaweek,takealookatyourrecord.　40　Ifnot,takeanotherlookatothermethodsyoucouldtry.A.Getasleepspecialist.B.Findtherightmotivation.C.Abetterplanforsleepcanhelp.D.Andconsidersettingasecondalarm.E.Ifthestepsyoutakeareworking,keepitup.F.Sticktoyoursetbedtimeandwake-uptime,nomattertheday.G.Reconsiderthe15minutesyouspendinlineatthecafétogetcoffee.【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文,文章针对如何调整生物钟提出了一些建议。36.【解析】选C。此句为中间句。前句说明早晨轻易起床的关键在于调整生物钟,后句说明如何调整。根据上下文逻辑关系可知选择C项。37.【解析】选B。此句为段首句。全段说明的是早晨起床的原因,故B项是正确答案,即找到起床的正确动机。38.【解析】选G。此句为中间句。后句意为“如果你买一个带定时器的咖啡机,你就可以多睡十五分钟”,根据上下文逻辑关系可知选择G项,即“重新考虑下你在咖啡馆排队买咖啡时花费的那十五分钟”。英语第13页（共13页） 39.【解析】选F。此句为段尾句。全段说明如果周五晚上十分疲劳,周六睡过头听起来是个好主意,但是研究证明周末来补偿睡眠会使你在下周更困。根据段首的Keepyoursleep/wakescheduleonweekends可知,选择F项,即“无论哪天都要坚持固定的就寝时间和起床时间”。40.【解析】选E。此句为中间句。段首句说明要对一周的睡眠情况作好记录并作出评价,根据后句“否则就试下其他的办法”可知,此句应该表示“如果你采取的措施行之有效就坚持下去”故选择E项。【难句剖析】Ifyouwanttimetohavebreakfastwithyourfamily,savesometimethenightbeforebysettingoutclothes,shoes,andbags.分析:此句是一个复合句,if引导条件状语从句,主句是savesometimethenightbefore,介词by表示方式。翻译:如果你需要时间和家人一起吃早餐,那就在前一天晚上安排好衣服、鞋子和背包以节省时间。(2017·浙江卷)话题:街头采访　　词数:259　　难度:★★★HowtoDoMan-on-the-StreetInterviewsTheman-on-the-streetinterviewisaninterviewinwhichareporterhitsthestreetswithacameramantointerviewpeopleonthespot.　31　Butwiththesetips,yourfirstman-on-the-streetinterviewexperiencecanbeeasy.•Whenyourbossorprofessorsendsyououttodoman-on-the-streetinterviewsforastory,thinkaboutthetopicanddevelopalistofabouttengeneralquestionsrelatingtoit.Forexample,ifyourtopicisaboutenvironmentalproblemsinAmerica,英语第13页（共13页） youmightask,“WhydoyouthinkenvironmentalprotectionisimportantinAmerica?”　32 •Hitthestreetswithconfidence.　33　Say,“Excuseme,IworkforXYZNews,andIwaswonderingifyoucouldshareyouropinionaboutthistopic.”Thisisaquickwaytogetpeopletowarmuptoyou.•Moveontothenextpersonifsomeonetellsyousheisnotinterestedintalkingoncamera.Don’tgetdiscouraged.•　34　Eachinterviewthatyougetonthestreetshouldn’tbelongerthantenminutes.Assoonasyougettheansweryouneed,moveontothenextperson.Makesurethatasyougofrominterviewtointerview,youaregettingavarietyofanswers.Ifeveryoneisgivingyouthesameanswer,youwon’tbeabletouseit.Asafenumberofinterviewstoconductisaboutsixtoten.　35 •Ifyournewsstationorschoolrequiresintervieweestosignreleaseformstoappearontheair,don’tleaveworkwithoutthem.A.Limityourtime.B.Asyouapproachpeople,bepolite.C.Ifyoudon’townacamera,youcanbuyone.D.Fornewreporters,thiscanseemlikeachallengingtask.E.Togetgoodandusefulresults,askthemthesamequestion.F.Thatnumberofinterviewsshouldgiveyoualltheanswersyouneed.G.Withaquestionlikethis,youwillgetmorethana“Yes”or“No”reply.【文章大意】英语第13页（共13页） 本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是如何进行街头采访。涉及采访前多准备一些问题,满怀信心地走上街头,限制采访时间等。31.【解析】选D。根据后面的Butwiththesetips,yourfirstman-on-the-streetinterviewexperiencecanbeeasy可知,D项“对于新记者来说,这似乎是一项具有挑战性的任务”符合语境。32.【解析】选G。根据前面的developalistofabouttengeneralquestionsrelatingtoit和youmightask...可知,G项“问这样的问题,你将会得到的不再仅仅是‘是’或‘否’的回答”符合语境。33.【解析】选B。根据后面的Excuseme,...andIwaswonderingif...和getpeopletowarmuptoyou可知,B项“当你接近别人时,要有礼貌”符合语境。34.【解析】选A。此处是段落主题句。根据后面的Eachinterviewthatyougetonthestreetshouldn’tbelongerthantenminutes可知,本段主要谈论的是“限制你的采访时间”。35.【解析】选F。根据前面的Asafenumberofinterviewstoconductisaboutsixtoten可知,F项“这种采访的次数会给你所有你需要的答案”符合语境。(2017·北京卷·第二节)话题:睡眠　　词数:227W　　难度:★★★　　Everyanimalsleeps,butthereasonforthishasremainedfoggy.Whenlabratsarenotallowedtosleep,theydiewithinamonth.　71　　　Oneideaisthatsleephelpsusstrengthennewmemories.　72　Weknowthat,whileawake,freshmemoriesarerecordedbyreinforcing(加强)connectionsbetweenbraincells,butthememoryprocessesthattakeplacewhilewesleephavebeenunclear.英语第13页（共13页） 　　Supportisgrowingforatheorythatsleepevolvedsothatconnectionsbetweenneurons(神经元)inthebraincanbeweakenedovernight,makingroomforfreshmemoriestoformthenextday.　73 　　Nowwehavethemostdirectevidenceyetthatheisright.　74　Thesynapsesinthemicetakenattheendofaperiodofsleepwere18percentsmallerthanthosetakenbeforesleep,showingthattheconnectionsbetweenneuronsweakenwhilesleeping.　　IfTononi’stheoryisright,itwouldexplainwhy,whenwemissanight’ssleep,wefinditharderthenextdaytoconcentrateandlearnnewinformation—ourbrainsmayhavesmallerroomfornewexperiences.　　Theirresearchalsosuggestshowwemaybuildlastingmemoriesovertimeeventhoughthesynapsesbecomethinner.Theteamdiscoveredthatsomesynapsesseemtobeprotectedandstayedthesamesize.　75　“Youkeepwhatmatters,”Tononisays.A.Weshouldalsotrytosleepwellthenightbefore.B.It’sasifthebrainispreservingitsmostimportantmemories.C.Similarly,whenpeoplegoforafewdayswithoutsleeping,theygetsick.D.Theprocessestakeplacetostopourbrainsbecomingloadedwithmemories.E.That’swhystudentsdobetterintestsiftheygetachancetosleepafterlearning.F.“Sleepisthepricewepayforlearning,”saysGiulioTononi,whodevelopedtheidea.G.Tononi’steammeasuredthesizeoftheseconnections,orsynapses,inthebrainsof英语第13页（共13页） 12mice.【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文,讲述了睡眠的重要性。71.【解析】选C。本句意为“人几天不睡觉就会生病”,与前句的“实验室里的老鼠不睡觉就会死”意思相近,用Similarly连接过渡自然。72.【解析】选E。本句为段中句,前一句以Oneidea引出一个理论,即“睡觉能巩固我们的记忆”,E项正是与之对应的一个例子。73.【解析】选F。本句为段尾句,它既可以总结本段,也可以照应下段。下段第一句Nowwehavethemostdirectevidenceyetthatheisright.中的he正是指代F项中的GiulioTononi。74.【解析】选G。后文中的Thesynapses使用了定冠词,表示前文中已经提到过,只有G项中出现了该词,另外,前文中提到出现了更多的证据,接下来顺理成章地应该介绍实验,故选择G项。75.【解析】选B。后文Tononi所说的Youkeepwhatmatters(你要保留重要的事情)正是B项所说的“大脑会保存最重要的记忆”。It指代前文所说的一些synapses会受到保护,始终保持同样的大小,以保持稳定的记忆联系。【难句剖析】IfTononi’stheoryisright,itwouldexplainwhy,whenwemissanight’ssleep,wefinditharderthenextdaytoconcentrateandlearnnewinformation—ourbrainsmayhavesmallerroomfornewexperiences.分析:本句是一个复合句,If从句是条件状语从句,主句是itwouldexplain,why从句是动词explain的宾语从句,宾语从句中又包含一个时间状语从句whenwemissanight’ssleep。英语第13页（共13页） 翻译:如果Tononi的理论是正确的,它就会解释当我们一夜不睡时,为什么我们会觉得第二天更难集中精力,更难学到新的信息——我们的大脑储存新的体验的空间变小了。英语第13页（共13页） 英语第13页（共13页）