Unit4Helpingpeoplearoundtheworld
NO.1单词——在积累中强化记忆[阅读单词]请在认识词义的单词前打上对号□troublesomeadj.□victimn.□vacantadj.□politicaladj.□chaosn.□mountainousadj.
□remoteadj.□barriern.□sheltern.□wagen.□dampadj.□muddyadj.□heatingn.□bacterian．(pl.)□anglen.
[写作词汇]1．_________n．全体员工2．______________n．个人财产；拥有，具有3．_________n．手段，方法4．___________vt.购得；获得；学到5．_____________n．同事staffpossessionmeansacquirecolleague
6．__________adj.紧急的，紧迫的7．__________vt.(尤指经努力)获得；赢得8．_________vt.售得，卖得(某价)；取来，去拿来9．_____________n．助理，助手adj.助理的，副的10．_______________adj.可供替代的n.可供选择的事物urgentobtainfetchassistantalternative
11．__________vi.&vt.扩展，发展(业务)；扩大，增强12．__________adj.令人敬重的；值得的，相称的；有价值的13．__________n．出口产品，输出品；出口，输出vt.&vi.出口，输出14．______________adj.重要的；令人愉快的；值得花时间(或花钱、努力等)expandworthyexportworthwhile
[拓展词汇]1．lackn．&vt.缺乏→___________adj.缺乏的；短缺的2．descriptionn．描写(文字)，形容，说明→____________vt.描述，形容；描绘3．additionn．增加；添加→_______vt.&vi.添加；相加，求和；增加→______________adj.附加的；另外的lackingdescribeaddadditional
4．equaladj.平等的；同等的n.同等的人；相等物vt.与……相同或相等→____________n．平等；同等→___________adv.平等地；相等地5．voluntaryadj.志愿的；自愿的，主动的→_____________n．志愿者v.自愿做，无偿做6．contributevt.&vi.捐献，捐赠，捐助；贡献；促成，导致→________________n．贡献；捐献；投稿equalityequallyvolunteercontribution
7．starvationn．饥饿；挨饿；饿死→__________vt.&vi.(使)饿死，(使)挨饿8．commitmentn．承诺，保证；投入，奉献；不得不做的事→__________vt.&vi.犯罪，做错事；把……托付给；使……承担义务9．crowdn．人群vi.&vt.挤满，塞满，使拥挤→___________adj.拥挤的10．remindvt.提醒，使想起→____________n．暗示；提醒人的事物starvecommitcrowdedreminder
[联想记忆]1．“同事，伙伴，同伴”名词一览①partner伙伴，搭档②fellow同伙，同事③comrade同志，伙伴④companion同伴，伴侣⑤colleague同事，同僚⑥associate同事，伙伴
2．“经济生活”相关词①exportn．&v．出口；输出②importn．&v．进口；输入③financen．&v．金融；负担经费④bidn．&v．出价；投标⑤distributev．分配；分布⑥investv．投资
3．后缀“－ment”高频名词①commitment承诺，奉献②agreement同意，协议③achievement成就④appointment约定⑤arrangement安排，布置⑥equipment设备
NO.2短语——在积累中灵活运用[单元短语背诵]1．_______________除……以外(还)，此外2．___________但愿3．______________出故障；抛锚4．____________处于混乱状态5．_______________得到；抓住inadditionifonlybreakdowninchaosgetholdof
6．_________________让某人想起……，提醒某人……7．_________________回想8．____________________________把……捐献给……9．___________雇用；承担；呈现10．_____________________________阻止某人做某事remindsb.ofthinkbacktocontribute...to...takeonstopsb.fromdoingsth.
11．___________查阅；向上看12．_________________由……构成/组成13．____________谈及，提到；与……相关，涉及；查阅，参考14．____________________________引起某人的注意15．_________________________在……的保护下，在……的管理下lookupbemadeupofrefertodrawone'sattentiontoundertheumbrellaof
[主题词块记忆]1．feelhappy____________2．specialattention____________3．participatein________4．freetraininglessons______________5．getalongwith________感到幸福特殊关注参加免费培训课相处
6．voluntaryservice____________7．bereadytodo__________8．takepleasurein______________9．setup______________10．diefrom________11．inneed(of)________志愿服务乐于做以……为乐创立，设立死于需要
12．sufferfrom__________________13．beconcernedabout______________14．haveaccessto______________15．beinvolvedin________16．offersb.sth.________________________遭受；患……病担忧，担心使用；接近参与主动向某人提供某物
NO.3句式——在仿写中完美升级1．Thislandwasdifficulttofarmbutnowwaterhasbeenpumpedintothefields.这块地过去难以耕种，但现在水已经被抽进了地里。[句式解读]“主语＋be＋adj.＋动词不定式”句式，动词不定式用主动形式表示被动意义。[句式仿写]ThetruemeaningandthecultureofTangpoems_______________________________foraforeignlearner.外国学习者很难理解唐诗的真正含义和文化。aredifficulttounderstand
2．Iwouldratheryouhadn'ttoldmeaboutit.我宁愿你还没有把那件事告诉我。[句式解读]wouldratherthat...意为“宁愿，更喜欢……”，从句用虚拟语气。[句式仿写]IwouldratherI___________________now，inwhichcaseIwouldaccompanyyoutothebookstore.我宁愿我现在在北京，这样我就会陪你去书店了。wereinBeijing
3．Ifonlythereweremorepeopledonatingmoneytocharities!但愿有更多的人给慈善机构捐款！[句式解读]ifonly意为“但愿/要是……就好了”，常引导虚拟语气条件句或感叹句。[句式仿写]___________________________andresetmygoals!要是我能回到过去重新设定我的目标该多好！IfonlyIcouldgoback
4．Thereislittlemoneycomingtotheirfamiliesandoftentheycannotaffordtopurchaseimportantthingslikemedicine.他们几乎没有什么家庭收入，时常买不起像药品这样的重要物品。[句式解读]在“Therebesb./sth.doingsth....”句型中，现在分词短语作定语。[句式仿写]______________________________________thefamoussingeroutsidetheairport.机场外有很多粉丝正等着见那位著名的歌手。Therearemanyfanswaitingtosee
(1)take/seekshelter(from)躲避(……)undertheshelterof在……的庇护下giveshelterto庇护(2)shelter...from...保护……免于……shelterfromsth.躲避(风雨或危险)
单句语法填空①_________theshelterofatent，acrowdgatheredforbrunch.②Weplantedmanytreestoshelterthehouses________thewind.③Wesheltered________theraininadoorway.Underfromfrom
完成句子④I________________________underabusshelterfromtherainlastnight.昨晚我在公交候车亭躲雨。⑤Thechurch___________________peopleonwinternights.这个教堂在冬天的夜晚给人们提供庇护。took/soughtsheltergaveshelterto
2．alternativeadj.供选择的；其他的n.可能的选择；选择对象[佳句背诵]Weshouldmakebetteruseofalternativeenergy，suchassolarandwindpower.我们应该更好地利用可替代能源，比如太阳能和风能。
(1)analternativeto……的替代物(to是介词)havethealternativeofAorB要么做A，要么做B；在A或B二者中选一个havenoalternative/choice/optionbuttodosth.别无选择只好做某事Thereisnoalternativebuttodosth.别无选择只好做某事(2)“别无选择只好做某事”的其他表达形式：can'tdosth.butdosth.candonothingbutdosth.can'thelpbutdo
单句语法填空①Thankyouforallowingmetodescribethesituation,whereIhadnoalternativebut___________(give)uptheplan.②Comewithus,_________________(alternative),meetusthere.③TheAppasksitsuserstoreportaccidentsandotherroadconditionsinrealtime,sootheruserscanavoidthetrafficjambyusing______alternativeroute.togivealternativelyan
句型转换④Icoulddonothingbutreporthimtothepolice.→I____________________________________himtothepolice.(alternative)→I_____________________________himtothepolice.(help)hadnoalternativebuttoreportcouldnothelpbutreport
3．meansn．手段；方法[佳句背诵]Andyou'dbetterpracticeusingchopsticksinadvance，whichisalsoameansofshowingyourgoodtablemanners.(2018·高考全国卷Ⅰ)你最好事先练习用筷子，这也是展示你良好的餐桌礼仪的一种方式。
(1)bythismeans通过这种方法bymeansof用……办法；借助……byallmeans一定；务必；好的；当然可以bynomeans决不；一点也不(位于句首时，句子用部分倒装)byanymeans无论如何；总之(2)ameansofcommunication一种通讯/交流工具
单句语法填空①Watchingfilmsisregardedas_____goodmeansofentertainment.②Theyhavetriedallmeans，whichpossibly_______(be)helpful，butunfortunatelynotameans_______(have)workedsofar.aarehas
完成语段③________________，asstudents，weshouldmasteraforeignlanguage④_______________ourdiligence.What'smore，⑤_____________________wewasteouryouth.无论如何，作为学生，我们应该借助我们的勤奋掌握一门外语。并且，我们决不应该浪费我们的青春。Byanymeansbymeansofbynomeansshould
[实战贴士]means用作“方式；方法”时单复数同形。表示做某事的方法，means后常接ofdoingsth.，一般不接不定式。
(1)beequalto(doing)sth.等于/胜任(做)某事beequalin在……方面比得上(2)equalsb./sth.in(doing)sth.在(做)某事上比得过、敌得过某人/物(3)equalityn．平等equallyadv.相等地；同等地；均等地(4)withoutequal无与伦比
单句语法填空①Idon'tthinkheisequalto_________(do)thiskindofwork，soIcan'thirehim.②(2019·高考全国卷Ⅱ)Yourpersonalcircumstancesare__________(equal)important.Forexample，youmaywanttobeapilotbutcan'tbecomeonebecauseyoureyesightisnotgoodenough.doingequally
完成句子③Infact，whenitcomestotheartofwar，ants_________________(无人能敌)．havenoequal
一句多译(2019·高考全国卷Ⅰ)尽管我年轻，但我能胜任这个志愿者工作。④YoungasIam，I__________________________________．(equal)⑤YoungasIam，I_________________________________．(fit)⑥YoungasIam，I____________________________________．(qualified)amequaltothevolunteerworkamfitforthevolunteerworkamqualifiedforthevolunteerwork
[实战贴士]表示“胜任……”的其他常见表达：①beupto②befitfor③bequalifiedfor④besuitablefor
5．remindvt.提醒；使想起[佳句背诵]Isetdownthesaying“wherethereisawill，thereisaway”inthenotebooktokeepmyselfremindedofmyowndreams.我把“有志者，事竟成”这句谚语写在笔记本中，提醒我不要忘记自己的梦想。
(1)remindsb.of/about...提醒某人……/使某人想起……remindsb.todosth.提醒某人做某事remindsb.that...提醒某人……(2)remindern．提醒物；提示
单句语法填空①Heremindsthechildren___________(wash)theirhands.②(2020·高考全国卷Ⅰ)Whattheteacherhadsaidremindedme_____________thefamoussaying,“Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.”③Hewasjustsaying：“I'mkingofthisforest，andhereisyour____________(remind)！”towashof/aboutreminder
完成句子④Whenyouareputtingsomethingoff，____________________________．当你推迟某事时，提醒自己采取行动。remindyourselftotakeaction
(1)forlackof因缺乏……alackof缺乏……(2)lackingadj.短缺的；缺乏的belackingin缺少……
单句语法填空①Thereis_____lackofcommunicationbetweenthechildandhisparents.②Though___________(lack)money，hisparentsmanagedtogethimwelleducated.alacking
一句多译他缺乏与他人交流的技能，因此在比赛中失败了。③__________________________________________________，sohefailedinthecompetition.(lackvt.)④__________________________________________________________，sohefailedinthecompetition.(belackingin)HelackedtheskilltocommunicatewithothersHewaslackingintheskilltocommunicatewithothers
⑤________________________________________________，hefailedinthecompetition.(分词作状语)⑥____________________________________________________，hefailedinthecompetition.(介词短语)LackingtheskilltocommunicatewithothersForlackoftheskilltocommunicatewithothers
[实战贴士]lack作名词时常与介词of连用；作动词时可作及物动词直接加宾语(不能用于被动语态和进行时)，也可作不及物动词，后常与介词for连用；形容词lacking常与in连用。
7．possessv．(不用于进行时)拥有；具有；支配[佳句背诵]Wheneveryouremotionisoutofcontrol，justkeepinmindthatonlybypossessingagoodstateofmindcanyouachievesuccess.无论何时你情绪失控，牢记一点：只有通过拥有良好的心态你才能成功。
possessionn．[U]拥有，占有；(pl.)所有物，财产inpossessionof拥有……inthepossessionof(某物)为(某人)所有take/havepossessionof拥有……；占有……
单句语法填空①The______________(possess)ofahappiestmanmaynotbethebest，butheknowshowtofullyenjoywhathehas.②Whenyougetoutofthetaxi，makesurethatnoneofyour_______________(possess)areleftbehind.possessionpossessions
一句多译据我所知，他拥有这个艺术家的许多作品。③AsfarasIknow，heis____________________alargenumberoftheartist'sworks.④AsfarasIknow，alargenumberoftheartist'sworksis_______________________him.⑤AsfarasIknow，he_______________________________________alargenumberoftheartist'sworks.inpossessionofinthepossessionofpossesses/takes/haspossessionof
breakdown出故障；失败；垮掉；分解breakin破门而入；打断(谈话等)breakinto强行闯入；突然……起来breakout(战争、火灾等)爆发；发生(无被动语态)breakawayfrom脱离；挣脱
写出下列句中breakup的含义①I'msurprisedtohearthatSueandPaulhavebrokenup.________②Theyplantobreakthecompanyupintoseveralsmallerones.________③Theirshipbrokeupontherocks.______________分手分拆打碎；破碎
④Whendoestheschoolbreakupforthesummerholidays？________⑤Thepolicecamerunningandbrokeupthecrowd.________放假驱散
完成句子⑥OnlythendidIrealizethat______________________________________________________________andnevercontactthem.只有在那时我才意识到与所有的朋友脱离关系且从不与他们联系是多么傻。itwassofoolishofmetobreakawayfromallofmyfriends
9．makeadifference区别对待；有影响；起(重要)作用[佳句背诵]Onlywhenwematchourwordswithactionscanwemakeadifferenceinwhateverwehopetoaccomplish.只有我们言行一致才能对所要做的任何事情起作用。
(1)makeadifferenceto...对……有作用/有影响makesome/any/no/littledifference(to...)(对……)有/没作用或影响tellthedifference(between...and...)辨别/区分(……与……)(2)bedifferentfrom...in...与……在……方面不同(3)differin...在……方面不同differfrom...与……不同
单句语法填空①(2018·高考全国卷Ⅲ)Thestyleofthecampusisquitedifferent________thatofmostChineseuniversities.②Ifyoucomparethetwowords，youcantellthe______________(different)betweenthem.fromdifference
词汇升级③Iwillhelpcleanuptheroadsidelitterwheneverpossible.Ihopemybehaviorswillwork.→Iwillhelpcleanuptheroadsidelitterwheneverpossible.Ihopemybehaviorswill_____________________．makeadifference
经典句型归纳1．[教材原句]_______________________________butnowwaterhasbeenpumpedintothefields.这块地过去难以耕种，但现在水已经被抽进了地里。Thislandwasdifficulttofarm是“sth.＋be＋adj.＋todo”句式。用法如下：Thislandwasdifficulttofarm
(1)主语是不定式的逻辑宾语，该不定式用主动形式表被动意义。(2)在该句式中动词应该是及物动词，如果是不及物动词，应在动词后加上适当的介词。(3)常用于本句型的形容词有：easy，hard，difficult，interesting，comfortable，safe，dangerous等。
完成句子①Themathsproblemis___________________________workout.这道数学题对我来说太难了，我解不出来。②Thechairisverycomfortable________．这椅子坐上去很舒服。toodifficultformetotositon
2．[教材原句]_______thereweremorepeopledonatingmoneytocharities!但愿有更多的人捐款给慈善机构！本句中ifonly...引导的是一种虚拟语气的感叹句，意为“如果……就好了”，它还可用来引导虚拟语气的条件句。Ifonly
(1)表示目前较难实现的愿望时使用ifonlysb.did/were...(2)表示与过去事实相反的愿望时使用ifonlysb.haddonesth....(3)表示与将来事实相反的愿望用ifonlysb.would/coulddo...
完成句子①__________________abird，Ishouldflythroughthethickcloudstomydream!要是我是一只鸟，我就该穿越层层云朵，飞向我的梦想！②IfonlyI______________withherthen!要是那时我和她待在一起就好了！IfonlyIwerehadstayed
选词填空(ifonly/onlyif)③_______ateacherhasgivenpermissionisastudentallowedtoleavetheroom.④_______Iwereascleverasyou!OnlyifIfonly
Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Lastweek，Peter_____________________(play)inthenationalfootballmatchbutforhiskneeinjury.2．Hemight______________(give)youmorehelp，eventhoughhewasbusy.3．Itmust_______________(rain)lastnight，forthegroundiswet.wouldhaveplayedhavegivenhaverained
4．Hecould_______________(pass)theexam，buthewastoocareless.5．Youshould_____________(tell)meyesterdaythatyouhadchangedyourmind.6．Ineedn't_______________(buy)somuchwine—onlyfivepeoplecame.7．Afteramonth'straining，hebecameequal______theworkasatractordriver.havepassedhavetoldhaveboughtto
8．Hemadeaverypositive________________(contribute)totheoverallsuccessoftheproject.9．___________(lack)adequatesleep，hefounditimpossibletoconcentratehismindontheteacher'slecture.10．Mostpeoplethinkthatitisworthwhile______________________(spend)sometimesurfingtheInternet，butweshouldn'tbetoodependentonit.contributionLackingtospend/spending
Ⅱ.教材语法填空TheUNisaninternationalorganization1.______________(consist)ofcountriesthatwanttopromoteworldpeace.It2.___________(set)upjustaftertheSecondWorldWarby51countries3._________today192countriesaltogether.TheUNhasfourmainfunctions：tokeepinternationalpeace；todevelopfriendlyrelationshipsamongnations；toworktogetherin4.___________(solve)internationalpoliticalconflictsandinpromotingrespectforhumanrights；andtobeacentrefororganizingtheactions5.______workofdifferentnations.consistingwassetwhilesolvingor
Apartfromtheurgentproblems6.__________(cause)bywarsanddisasters，theUNhelpscountries7.________otherproblemssuchaslackofeducation，8.______________(starve)，disasters，AIDSandotherdiseases.AtaUNmeetingin2000，allofitsmembersagreedtotryandmeeteight9._______________(develop)goalsbytheyear2015，oneofwhichistoensurethatcleanwaterisavailabletoeveryoneandanotheristhatallchildrencomplete10.___________(prime)education.causedwithstarvationdevelopmentprimary
1．Hehascontributedtothemagazineforseveralyears._____2．Shereferredtothelastpageofthebookforanswers._____3．Newsreportssaypeacetalksbetweenthetwocountrieshavebrokendownwithnoagreementreached._____BDA
Ⅳ.微写作根据提示，利用本单元所学知识，完成下面的小作文。1．现在，许多人依旧生活贫困。(poverty)2．他们缺衣少食。(lack)3．幸运的是，政府正在想尽一切办法帮助他们，公众也向他们捐款。(means；contribute)4．另外，许多年轻人做志愿工作，到偏远地区教孩子们读书。(inaddition；voluntary；remote)
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[参考范文]Nowadaysmanypeoplestillliveinpovertyandtheylackfoodandclothes.Luckily，thegovernmentistryingeverymeanstohelpthemandthepublicalsocontributemoneytothem.Inaddition，manyyoungpeopledosomevoluntaryworktoteachchildrenintheremoteareas.
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