模块一专题二 七选五阅读英语2021阅读理解与七选五阅读
内容索引考情透析谋对策题型指导寻技法真题演练明趋势
考情透析谋对策
●明晰体裁与题材特点,缩小刷题数量试卷体裁题材文章长度命题特点2020全国Ⅰ说明文自我接受的小技巧2251.以说明文为主,文章结构清晰,内容完整,适合考查段落标题、主题句和过渡句等。2.篇章结构:提出问题→解决问题。3.词数300左右。正文词数200左右,选项词数100左右。4.体现正能量。体现人文关怀,突出生活体验,能够非常好地帮助考生建立正确的世界观和价值观。全国Ⅱ说明文工作中交流运用表情符号的好处201全国Ⅲ说明文乔迁聚会的定义、习俗及来源235新高考全国Ⅰ说明文如何成为一名优秀的演讲者2162019全国Ⅰ说明文新鲜空气有益健康237全国Ⅱ说明文如何保持动力来实现自己的目标244全国Ⅲ说明文网络课上与教授互动交流的注意事项1992018全国Ⅰ说明文颜色在家庭设计中的作用249全国Ⅱ说明文晨练的好处211全国Ⅲ说明文跳舞的力量与价值186
●透析题型设置,采用高效答题技巧试卷挖空位置题型设置2020全国Ⅰ段首1题;段中3题;段尾1题1.挖空位置主要在段首或者段中,也有在段尾的情况。2.挖空内容以考查上下文逻辑关系为主,考查段落主题句为辅。间或考查段尾的结论概括性语句。3.七个选项意义都与文章内容相关。全国Ⅱ段首1题;段中4题全国Ⅲ段首1题;段中3题;段尾1题新高考全国Ⅰ段首1题;段中3题;段尾1题2019全国Ⅰ段首2题;段中2题;段尾1题全国Ⅱ段首1题;段中4题全国Ⅲ段首1题;段中3题;段尾1题2018全国Ⅰ段首2题;段中2题;段尾1题全国Ⅱ段首2题;段中2题;段尾1题全国Ⅲ段首2题;段中2题;段尾1题
●高考评价体系下的备考启示——实现满分小目标,方向方法都重要◆专项训练精、准、巧。七选五阅读主要考查对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文的逻辑意义的理解。分析文章结构是很多考生的弱项,因此要对这种理清文章脉络的能力进行强化训练。加强归纳段落标题、归纳段落主题句、寻找过渡句、寻找上下文联系等的专项训练,以此来规范做题思路,形成好的阅读习惯。
◆强化说明文的结构分析。说明文常就某一个问题从不同的角度来加以说明,文章可以用来说明某一个存在的社会现象或者我们生活中所面临的某个具体难题。作者会选择一个合适的角度,有条不紊地对其加以说明。分析文章结构就是弄清楚文章内容和结构上的关系和布局,理解文章段落之间的关系、段落内的关系、句子与句子之间的关系,从而从结构上和内容上分辨选项信息属于文章的哪一段,或者哪一段的哪一部分。这样就能比较准确地确定选项的位置。
题型指导寻技法
[命题方式]七选五阅读考查考生的阅读理解能力、语篇分析能力、上下文逻辑关系判断能力。文章的篇章结构通常分为两个层次:一是段落之间的层次;二是段落内部的层次。命题人会根据这些层次以及要点词句进行设题,包括首尾段、首尾句以及独立成段的句子和文章中带转折词的句子等。全文设置5个空白,空缺的是一句话,以此来打断文章的整个结构和逻辑,要求考生在短时间内掌握文章要点和逻辑思路,利用相应的策略来找到适当的选项回填入文。
一、挖空位置在段首1.往往考查段落主题句。通常情况下段落的中心都会出现在本段的开头部分。这对考生把握本段和理解全文有指导性意义。考生可以根据段落一致性原则,推断出该段的主题句。2.可能是承上启下句。在段首挖空的内容也可能是承上启下的句子,这就需要瞻前顾后,既要根据上段结尾的内容,又要结合下一段的内容,分析所选内容是否能将两段内容连贯起来。二、挖空位置在段尾段尾挖空内容通常是结论、概括性语句。选项中会设置表示结果、结论、总结等的关联词。三、挖空位置在段中挖空位置如果在段中,往往考查上下文的逻辑关系,则所填句子的含义应与前句、后句保持一致。此处往往有体现前后句逻辑关系的关联词。
[技巧点拨]一、上下文语境分析法段落中挖空的句子通常在语境和逻辑关系方面和上下文有密切的关系,所以确定正确选项的方法是所选的选项应该在语境方面和逻辑关系方面与原文中的上下文无缝衔接,无论在文意上,还是说话者的语气上都应保持一致。
【典例印证】Haveyouevervisitedagardenthatseemedjustrightforyou,wheretheatmosphereofthegardenappearedtototalmorethanthesum(总和)ofitsparts?36.Butitdoesn’thappenbyaccident.Itstartswithlookinginsideyourselfandunderstandingwhoyouarewithrespecttothenaturalworldandhowyouapproachthegardeningprocess.F.Youcanproducethatkindofmagicalqualityinyourowngarden,too解题思路F此句为过渡句,承上启下。上文问句的大意是:你是否曾经拜访过一个似乎为你准备的花园,花园的整体气氛非常和谐饱满。再根据下文的“Butitdoesn’thappenbyaccident.”可知,此处要表示自己也能创造出这种效果。故F项符合上下文语境。
二、词汇复现法复现不是指词语的简单再现,而是指某个词语可能以不同的词类、词性、数、格、时态及语态等形式出现,如read,reading,reader。有时也会以同义词或反义词的形式出现。
【典例印证】First,understandthatsomeopportunities(机会)fordaydreamingarebetterthanothers.Feelingsafeandrelaxedwillhelpyoutoslipintodaydreams.38Andifyouwanttoimproveyourchancesofhavingacreativeideawhileyou’redaydreaming,trytodoitwhileyouareinvolvedinanothertask—preferablysomethingsimple,liketakingashowerorwalking,orevenmakingmeaninglessdrawings.A.Havinginterestingthingstothinkaboutalsohelps.B.Theystareoffintospaceandwanderbythemselves.C.Withoutwanderingminds,wewouldn’thaverelativity,CokeorPost-itnotes.解题思路A选项中的“alsohelps”与空前一句中的“help”对应,且两句话主语形式统一,都说的是做白日梦的条件,故A项为正确答案。句意为“思考一些有趣的事情对此也有帮助”。
三、词汇指代法英语文章中有时会用代词或定冠词来指代前面提及的名词或者前面的一个句子,如it,they,this,these,the,all等。分析逻辑关系时也应注意这些代词所指代的内容。
【典例印证】BuildingTrustinaRelationshipAgainTrustisalearnedbehaviorthatwegainfrompastexperiences.36Trustisarisk.Butyoucan’tbesuccessfulwhenthere’salackoftrustinarelationshipthatresultsfromanactionwherethewrongdoertakesnoresponsibilitytofixthemistake....A.Learntoreallytrustyourself.B.Itisputtingconfidenceinsomeone.解题思路B根据上句“信任是我们从过去的经历中获取的一种行为”和下句“信任是一种冒险”可知,此空选B项,本句是对第一句话的进一步解释:“信任是信赖某人”。由于前文出现了名词trust,这里B项中用it指代它。
四、挖空位置推理法1.挖空位置在段首,可能是段落主题句。此时要阅读后文内容,找出同义词或者其他相关的词汇,推断出主题句;段首的挖空句也可能是段落间的过渡句,这时要瞻前顾后找启示,阅读上一段结尾部分,结合下一段内容,看看所考虑的选项是否能将两段内容连接起来;段首的挖空句也可能与后文存在并列、转折、因果关系等,这就要着重阅读后文的第一、二句,锁定线索信息词,然后在选项中查找相关特征词,答案句一定与挖空后的第一句在意思上紧密衔接。
【典例印证】38Freshfishshouldsmellsweet:youshouldfeelthatyou’restandingattheocean’sedge.Anyfishyorstrongsmellmeansthefishisn’tfresh.Donotbuyit.Whenyouhaveboughtafishandarrivehome,you’dbetterstorethefishintherefrigeratorifyoudon’tcookitimmediately,butfreshfishshouldbestoredinyourfridgeforonlyadayortwo.Frozenfishisn’tastastyasthefreshone.F.Whenbuyingfish,youshouldfirstsmellit.解题思路F由空后的句子主要讲述“买鱼时要先闻鱼的气味”可知,F项“Whenbuyingfish,youshouldfirstsmellit.”能够与下文相辅相成。
2.挖空位置在段尾,通常是结论性、概括性的语句。注意在选项中查找表示结果、结论、总结等的信息词。段尾的挖空也可能是引出下一段的内容。如果在选项中找不出与前文之间的关联,此时可以考虑与下一段开头是否有一定的衔接。段尾的挖空可能与前文构成转折或者对比关系,此时要在选项中查找表示转折或者对比的词;段尾的挖空也可能与前文构成并列或者排比关系,此时通常是该段落要求补全说明本段主题的其他细节,因此要根据段落一致性原则,在原文和选项中找到相关的特征词。如果在文章第一段的段尾挖空,就要看此处是细节还是主旨。通常情况下,第一段要提出文章的主题,那就要看一下挖空句子是否与后面的各段内容一致。
【典例印证】Finally,youneverknowwhatwonderfulideamightstrikewhileyourmindhasmovedslowlyaway.40Alwaysrememberthatyourbestideasmightcomewhenyourheadisactuallyintheclouds.E.Itinvolvesslow,steadybreathingforself-controlthathelpspeoplestaycalmandattentive.F.Daydreamsareoftenverysimpleanddirect,quiteunlikesleepdreams,whichmaybehardtounderstand.G.Therefore,it’sagoodideatokeepanotebookorvoicerecordernearbywhenyou’reinthedaydreamzone.
解题思路G文章介绍白日做梦的利与弊,并指出在人类历史上有许多伟大的想法或成就都是白日做梦促成的。这里说的是你永远也不知道是否在做白日梦的过程中会产生一些好的主意。段尾挖空内容通常是结论、概括性语句。选项G中的“tokeepanotebookorvoicerecordernearby”很好地解决了上句话中提出的问题,同时Therefore很好地把两句话进行了衔接,故答案为G项。
五、关联词语推断法英语中段落之间、句子之间经常会运用关联词表示衔接或过渡,以使文章更加连贯、表达更加清楚,因此文章中表示各种逻辑关系的关联词在选择答案时都是很好的线索。常见的关联词有:因果关系:so,therefore,thus,consequently,asaresult等。条件关系:as(so)longas,onconditionthat,if,unless等。并列关系:firstly,secondly,thirdly;first,next,then,...;inthefirstplace,inthesecondplace,...;foronething,foranother,...等。
转折关系:however,nevertheless,though,yet,otherwise等。对比关系:onthecontrary,incontrast,bycomparison等。层递关系:also,further,furthermore,likewise,similarly,moreover,inaddition等。解释关系:forexample,forinstance,infact,actually等。总结说明:inconclusion,inshort,tosumup,toconclude,inaword等。定义关系:namely,inotherwords,thatistosay,orrather等。
【典例印证】Acodeusessymbolstoreplacewords,phrases,orsentences.Toreadthemessageofarealcode,youmusthaveacodebook.Withacodebook,youmightwritedownwordsthatwouldstandforotherwords.Forexample,“bridge”mightstandfor“meet”and“out”mightstandfor“me”.Themessage“Bridgeout”wouldactuallymean“Meetme.”40However,itisalsohardtokeepacodebooksecretforlong.Socodesmustbechangedfrequently.A.Itisveryhardtobreakacodewithoutthecodebook.解题思路A根据空格后的However可知前后句之间存在逻辑上的转折或者让步关系。上文指出了利用密码本破解密码的方式。根据后文的“However,itisalsohardtokeepacodebooksecretforlong.”可知,没有密码本很难破解密码,故A项符合语境。
[解题示例](2020新高考山东)Someindividualsarebornwithagiftforpublicspeaking.16Doyouwanttobeagoodpublicspeaker?Herearesomeprinciplesyoumustmaster.Peoplewanttolistentosomeonewhoisinteresting,relaxedandcomfortable.Toooften,whenyoustanduptogiveaspeech,youfocusonthe“public”attheexpenseofthe“speaking.”17Focusonthespeaking.Talkdirectlytoyouraudience,beyourselfandmakeaconnection.
Eventhemostsuccessfulpublicspeakerwillmakemistakes.Yet,theonlyonewhocaresaboutanymistakeistheonewhoisspeaking.People’sattentionwandersconstantly.Infact,mostpeopleonlyabsorbabout20percentofaspeaker’smessage.So,don’tstopspeakingwhenyoumakeamistakeunlessit’satrulyseriousone.18Yourgoalisnottobeaperfectpublicspeaker.19Andlikeeverythingelseinlife,thattakespractice.Remember,evenworldchampionathletespracticetheirskillsonaconsistentbasis.
20It’sraretohearsomeonesay,“Iwishthatspeakerhadspokenlonger.”Ontheotherhand,youprobablycan’tcountthetimesthatyou’vethought,“I’mgladthattalkisover.Itseemedtogoonforever!”Sosurpriseyouraudience.Alwaysmakeyourpresentationjustabitshorterthananticipated.It’sbettertoleaveyourlistenerswishingformorethanshiftingrestlesslyintheirseatswaitingforyourspeechfinallytoend.
A.Dotheopposite.B.Youwanttobeaneffectivepublicspeaker.C.Youdon’tneedtoapologizeforaminorslip.D.Whenitcomestopublicspeaking,lessisusuallymore.E.Theobjectiveofmostspeechesistobenefittheaudience.F.Takethefearoutofpublicspeakingbyfocusingonyourlisteners.G.However,themajorityofpeopleareeffectivespeakersbecausetheytraintobe.
解题流程Step1浏览选项,阅读正文,明确目标。理解选项句意,并找出选项中的关联词。然后带着选项速读全文,重点关注文章首尾句、文章标题、段落标题,把握文章大意,理解全文逻辑关系,再根据上下文语段内容,初步确定部分题目的答案。Step2仔细阅读,抓住关键,筛选答案。了解了文章大意和选项内容之后,回头细读文章,分析上下文语段之间的联系,分析空格处前后内容的关系,寻找线索词,匹配关键词,确定有把握的选项。Step3代入选项,审视差异,确定答案。对于拿不准的选项,多考虑命题人的命题思路和文章主旨,与文章主旨一致的选项往往是正确答案。
答案详解【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章就如何成为一名受人欢迎的演讲者给出了一些建议,即注意和听众互动,在有错误时应继续往下讲,不断练习等。16.G考查过渡句。解题思路上下文语境分析题。上一句提到“一些人生来就有公开演讲的天赋”,与此承接的语意应该是另一些人则要经过后天培训,故选G项“然而,大多数人能成为有影响力的演说家,是因为他们受过训练”。G项中的“themajorityofpeople(大多数人)”对应上一句的“someindividuals(一些人)”,“traintobe(训练使然)”对应上一句的“arebornwith(与生俱来)”。
17.A考查过渡句。解题思路上下文语境分析题。前面一句说的是“当你站在公众面前演讲时,大多数情况下你关注的是公众,却牺牲了演讲”,言外之意,作者认为演讲者应关注演讲本身而不是公众,故选A项“反过来做”。F选项虽然也提到要关注“听众”,但是选项中的“thefear”前文中没有提到,因而排除。18.C考查段尾句。解题思路词汇复现题。前文说的是“即使最成功的演说家也会犯错……所以,除非错误非常严重,否则犯了错也不要停止演讲”。由此可推断设空处应该与“犯错”有关,故选项C“你没有必要为小失误而道歉”。aminorslip(小错误)与前文的amistake为同义替换。
19.B考查过渡句。解题思路词汇指代题。由前一句“你的目标不是成为一名完美的演说家”可以锁定B、E两个选项。但后一句“就像生活中的其他一切事情一样,这需要练习”中有关键词“that”,因此空格处应提及“that”指代的内容,故选B项“你想成为一名有影响力的演说家”,这是需要加以练习的。20.D考查段首句。解题思路挖空位置推理题。空格后提到“很少听到有人会说:‘我希望演讲者能讲得更久一些。’”另外,本段还给出了建议“总是让你的演讲比预期的稍短一点”,由此可知,位于本段段首的空格处应与缩短演讲时间有关。D项“说到公开演讲,通常越少就是越多”符合本段主题。此处的“less”指的是“lesstime”,“more”指的是“morebenefits”或者“moregains”。
真题演练明趋势
Unit1A(2020全国Ⅰ)AFewTipsforSelf-AcceptanceWeallwantit...toacceptandloveourselves.Butattimesitseemstoodifficultandtoofaroutofreach.1Here’sahandfulofwaysthatwillsetyouintherightdirection.●2Donotfollowthepeoplewhomakeyoufeelnot-good-enough.Whydoyoufollowthem?Areyouhopingthateventuallyyouwillfeelempoweredbecauseyourlifeisbetterthantheirs?Knowthatyourlifeisyourown;youaretheonlyyouinthisworld.
●Forgiveyourselfformistakesthatyouhavemade.Weareoftenashamedofourshortcomings,ourmistakesandourfailures.3Youwillmakemistakes,timeandtimeagain.Ratherthangettingcaughtupinhowyoucouldhavedonebetter,whynotofferyourselfacompassionate(有同情心)response?“Thatdidn’tgoasplanned.But,Itriedmybest.”●Recognizeallofyourstrengths.Writethemdowninajournal.Begintotrainyourbraintolookatstrengthbeforeweakness.Listallofyouraccomplishmentsandachievements.Youhaveajob,earnedyourdegree,andyougotoutofbedtoday.4
●Nowthatyou’velistedyourstrengths,listyourimperfections.Turnthepageinyourjournal.Putintowordswhyyoufeelunworthy,whyyoudon’tfeelgoodenough.Now,readthesewordsbacktoyourself.5Turntoapageinyourjournaltoyourlistofstrengthsandachievements.Seehowawesomeyouare?A.Feelingupsetagain?B.Wheredoyoustart?C.Nothingistoosmalltocelebrate.D.Remember,youareonlyhuman.E.Setanintentionforself-acceptance.F.Stopcomparingyourselfwithothers.G.Whendoesthecomparisongamestart?
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了自我接受的几种方法,倡导自尊自信、乐观向上的人生态度。1.B此处为过渡句。根据上文提到的接纳自己有时很难,联系下文的“Here’sahandfulofwaysthatwillsetyouintherightdirection.”可知,此处表示“从何处开始呢?”。故B项合适。2.F段前空格考查主题句。根据后面的“Donotfollowthepeoplewhomakeyoufeelnot-good-enough.”可知,此处表示“停止与别人比较”。故选F项。
3.D此处为段中承上启下过渡句。根据开头提及的“Forgiveyourselfformistakes...”以及后面的“Youwillmakemistakes...”可知,此处表示“要记住,你只是个普通人”。故选D项。4.C此处为总结句。本段讲述要认识自身的长处,将它们写进日记,将你的成就列出来。你有一份工作,你获得了学位,你今天没有赖床。最后总结:无论事情多小,都值得庆贺。故选C项。5.A此处为过渡句。根据上文中的“Putintowordswhyyoufeelunworthy,whyyoudon’tfeelgoodenough.”可知,此处表示“又感到不安了吗?”。don’tfeelgoodenough与A项中的upset同义。故选A项。
B(2020全国Ⅱ)Emoji(表情符号)andWorkplaceCommunicationInAsia,messagingplatformsaregrowingrapidly,withusersinthehundredsofmillions,bothatworkandplay.1.It’sbeenreportedthat76percentofemployeesinsomewesterncountriesareusingemojisatwork.Writtencommunicationscanoftenreadascoldanddull.Usingemojiscanaddhumorandfeeling,keepingintentionclear.2,encouragingbetterandmorefrequentcommunication.
Inanygivenoffice,employeescanrangefromage22to70andbeyond,andfindingcommongroundincommunicationstylecanbeachallenge.3.Whiletheyoungergenerationsprefertocommunicatevisually,forthoseusedtoworkingwithtraditionaltoolslikeemail,itmayfeellikealearningcurve(曲线).Thegoodnewsisthatit’ssimpletolearnandcanbeworththeeffort.Thereisalsothematteroftone(语气).Whohasn’treceivedanemailsoannoyingthatitruinedanentireday?4.Emojicanhelpcommunicationfeelfriendlier,andevenaseriousnotecanbesoftenedwithanencouragingsmile.5,andemojicancontributedirectlytothatpositiveoutcome.Andwhenyouremployeesbeginaddingsmilingemojistotheirbusinesscommunication,you’llknowyouhavesucceededinimprovingyourworkculture.
A.MessageswithemojisfeelmoreconversationalB.EvenaformalemailcanseemcoldandunfriendlyC.SendingsmilingfacestocolleaguesmayseemstrangeD.ThepopularityoftheseplatformsisspreadinggloballyE.GivingemployeesthetoolsenablesthemtocommunicatehonestlyF.StudiesshowthatfriendliercommunicationleadstoahappierworkplaceG.Aneasywaytobringallworkgenerationstogetheriswithachatplatform
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了表情符号在职场沟通中的重要作用。1.D根据上文出现的messagingplatforms和下文出现的westerncountries可知,信息平台在全球迅速普及开来。故选D项。2.A根据前一句出现的emojis和下文的结果状语可知,此处表示带有表情符号的信息更有利于交谈。故选A项。3.G上文提到,办公室里的人们年龄不同,交流方式可能是一个挑战,由此推知此处应该是解决方案。故选G项。4.B根据上文出现的annoying和下文出现的friendlier可知,B项承上启下,符合语境。故选B项。5.F根据下文的thatpositiveoutcome可知,F项中的ahappierworkplace刚好与之吻合。故选F项。
C(2020全国Ⅲ)Ahousewarmingpartyisaspecialpartytobeheldwhensomeonebuysormovesintoanewapartmentorhouse.Thepersonwhoboughtthehouseormovedistheonewhothrowstheparty.Thepartyisachanceforfriendsandfamilytocongratulatethepersononthenewhome.1Anditisagoodtimetofillthenewspacewithloveandhopefullypresents.2Somepeopleregisteralistofthingstheywantorneedfortheirnewhomeatalocalstoreorstores.Somecommonthingspeoplewillputonagiftregistryincludekitchentoolslikeknivesandthingslikecurtains.Evenifthereisn’taregistry,agoodhousewarminggiftissomethingtodecoratethenewhousewith,likeapieceofartoraplant.
3Thisisoftenappreciatedsinceatahousewarmingthereisn’talotoffoodserved.Thereareusuallynoplannedactivitieslikegamesatahousewarmingparty.Thehostorhostessofthepartywill,however,probablygivealltheguestsatouroftheirnewhome.Sometimes,becauseahousewarmingpartyhappensshortlyafterapersonmovesintotheirnewhome,peoplemaybeaskedtohelpunpackboxes.4Housewarmingpartiesgettheirnamefromthefactthatalongtimeagopeoplewouldactuallybringfirewoodtoanewhomeasagift.5Nowmosthomeshavecentralheatinganddon’tusefirestokeepwarm.
A.Thisisn’tusualthough.B.Itistraditionaltobringagifttoahousewarmingparty.C.Youcanalsobringfoodordrinkstosharewiththeotherguests.D.Ifyou’reluckyenoughtoreceivegifts,keeptheminasafeplace.E.Italsogivespeopleachancetoseewhatthenewhomelookslike.F.Thebesthousewarmingpartiesencourageoldfriendstogettogether.G.Thiswassothatthepersoncouldkeeptheirhomewarmforthewinter.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了“温锅”聚餐这一习俗的相关内容。1.E上文提到“温锅”是朋友和家人对乔迁新居的人进行的一种祝贺方式,下文讲“温锅”也是在用爱和礼物来填充新空间的时刻。由此可以推知,空处很有可能也是在讲有关“温锅”的意义。结合语境内容可知,E项中的代词It指housewarmingparty,而且also表明了和上一句之间的逻辑关系。故选E项。2.B结合空后内容可知,此段主要讲“温锅”的时候,人们通常会带礼物。B项符合语境内容。
3.C根据文中的“...thereisn’talotoffoodserved.”可知,此处讲的是人们来参加乔迁派对时也可以带着食物,据此可知C项“你也可以带着食物和饮料与其他客人一同分享”符合语境。4.A根据空前的“...peoplemaybeaskedtohelpunpackboxes.”可知,此处是在描述派对活动时可能会做的事情,A项“不过这并不常见”是对空前内容的补充。A项中的代词This指代空前的peoplemaybeaskedtohelpunpackboxes这种情况。5.G此段中的firewood和centralheating是答题的关键。这与G项中的keeptheirhomewarmforthewinter的表述一致。
D(2020浙江)Iexperiencedyearsoflonelinessasachild.1Hisfriendsteasedhimaboutbabysittinghissisterandhisinterestswerefardifferentfrommine.Withnootherkidsofmyageintheneighborhood,Ihadtospendhoursbymyself.Abrightspotformeturnedouttobereading.Myloveofthewrittenwordbeganearlyasmymotherreadtomeeveryevening.2Istartedreadingbooksonmyownbeforeage5andmymothertookmetothepubliclibraryonceaweektoborrowseveralbooks.Iquicklygraduatedfromtypicalchildren’sbookstooneswithfewerpicturesandlongerchapters.Readingopenednewworldstome.3
MymotheralsoencouragedmetomakewhatIwanted.Itriedmakingtoycarswithcardboardboxesandconstructingbuildingsfromleftovercardboardandbitsofwoodmyfathergaveme.Whenmymothersawmycreations,shetoldmehowcreativemydesignswere.4Ilearnedalotabouthowtoextendthelifeofobjectsandtransformthemintosomethingnewanduseful.Itwasatrait(特点)othersfoundhelpful,andIsoonhadfriendswhowantedtomakethingswithme.5Myparentsmadeitapointfortheirtwokidstospendtimeoutside,nomattertheweatherorseason.Mybrother,ofcourse,racedofftobewithhisfriends,whileIhadplentytodomyself.Therewasmakingleafhousesinautumn,iceskatinginwinter,andsomuchmore.They’reallmemoriesItreasuretoday.
A.Iwasn’taloneanylonger.B.Ienjoyedreadingstoriesaloud.C.Iwasinvitedtoplaywithanotherkid.D.Ilovedthecolorfulphotographsinthebooks.E.AnotherhabitIformedearlywasbeingoutdoors.F.Thus,Ibeganmylifelonginterestinmakingthings.G.Myolderbrothercouldn’tbebotheredtoplaywithme.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章作者分析了自己几个生活习惯的成因。1.G此句为过渡句。根据空后一句“Hisfriendsteasedhimaboutbabysittinghissisterandhisinterestswerefardifferentfrommine.”可知,设空句应提及“His”的身份,即G项中的“Myolderbrother”。故选G项。2.D此句为段中承上启下过渡句。根据空前一句提到“我对书写字的爱始于母亲每天晚上给我读故事的时候”和下文提到“我很快就从典型的儿童读物变成了插图少、章节多的书”可知此处应指“我喜欢书中的彩色照片”与上句构成递进与下文形成对比。结合选项可知D项最符合语境。故选D。
3.A此句为段尾句。根据前一句提到阅读为“我”打开了新世界可知,接下来应描述作者的感受。结合选项可知A项“我不再孤独”与空前一句形成了因果关系,符合语境。故选A。4.F此句为过渡句。根据前一句“当我的母亲看到我的创作时,她说我的设计很有创意”及下文“makethings”和选项F“makingthings”属于同词复现。故选F。5.E此句为段首句。根据后一句“无论天气或季节,我的父母都要让他们的两个孩子花时间在户外”可知关键词“outside”,结合选项可知E项“outdoors”属于同词复现。故选E。
【帮你拓知识】核心知识,词块记忆①ahandfulofways为数不多的方法②feelempowered感到有力量③getcaughtupin...陷入……,卷入……④imperfectionn.不足之处⑤messagingplatform短信平台⑥findcommongroundin...在……找到共同点⑦beworththeeffort值得付出努力⑧positiveoutcome积极的结果⑨ahousewarmingparty乔迁庆宴⑩throwaparty举办一次派对
⑪plannedactivities计划好的活动⑫babysitsb照看某人⑬transform...into...把……变成⑭makeitapointtodosth特别留意做某事⑮can’tbebotheredtodosth不愿意做某事
Unit2A(2019全国Ⅰ)IsFreshAirReallyGoodforYou?Weallgrewuphearingpeopletellusto“gooutandgetsomefreshair”.1Accordingtorecentstudies,theanswerisabigYES,iftheairqualityinyourcampingareaisgood.2Iftheairyou’rebreathingisclean—whichitwouldbeifyou’reawayfromthesmogofcities—thentheairisfilledwithlife-giving,energizingoxygen.Ifyouexerciseoutofdoors,yourbodywilllearntobreathemoredeeply,allowingevenmoreoxygentogettoyourmuscles(肌肉)andyourbrain.
Recently,peoplehavebegunstudyingtheconnectionbetweenthenaturalworldandhealing(治愈).3Intheseplacespatientscangotobenearnatureduringtheirrecovery.Itturnsoutthatjustlookingatgreen,growingthingscanreducestress,lowerbloodpressure,andputpeopleintoabettermood(情绪).Greeneryisgoodforus.Hospitalpatientswhoseetreebranchesouttheirwindowarelikelytorecoveratafasterratethanpatientswhoseebuildingsorskyinstead.4Itgivesusagreatfeelingofpeace.5Whilethesun’srayscanageandharmourskin,theyalsogiveusbeneficialVitaminD.TomakesureyougetenoughVitaminD—butstillprotectyourskin—putonsunscreenrightasyouheadoutside.Ittakessunscreenaboutfifteenminutestostartworking,andthat’splentyoftimeforyourskintoabsorbaday’sworthofVitaminD.
A.Freshaircleansourlungs.B.Sowhatareyouwaitingfor?C.Beinginnaturerefreshesus.D.Anothersidebenefitofgettingfreshairissunlight.E.Butisfreshairreallyasgoodforyouasyourmotheralwayssaid?F.Justasimportantly,wetendtoassociatefreshairwithhealthcare.G.Allacrossthecountry,recoverycentershavebegunbuildingHealingGardens.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章论述了呼吸新鲜空气对身体健康的重要性。1.E本题考查过渡句。根据空格后面的“theanswerisabigYES”可知该空是一个疑问句,因此答案锁定在B项和E项之间。句意:我们一直听着人们说“出门呼吸一下新鲜空气”长大,但是新鲜空气真的有你妈妈一直说的那么有益吗?根据最近的研究,如果在你露营的区域空气质量好的话,答案是肯定的。故选E项。2.A本题考查主旨句。这一空出现在第二段段首,是全段的总起句,后文说到如果空气干净,那么空气中就会充满有活力的氧气,会有更多的氧气输送到肌肉和大脑中,氧气是由肺部吸入的,因此A项中的“lungs”与此段话吻合,故选A项。
3.G本题考查细节句。本段第一句属于总起句,表明新鲜空气对治疗病人有帮助。G项中的“recoverycenters”以及“HealingGardens”对应该空前面的“healing”和该空后面的“recovery”。4.C本题考查总结句。第三段讲的是亲近自然对身体的好处,且后一句话主语是It,C项中的主语“Beinginnature”与之相对应。5.D本题考查主旨句。第四段讲述空气新鲜的地方阳光更充足。D项中的“sunlight”对应本段中的“thesun’srays”。
B(2019全国Ⅱ)Imagineachildstandingonadivingboardfourfeethighandaskinghimselfthequestion:“ShouldIjump?”Thisiswhatmotivationorthelackofitcando.Motivationandgoalsettingarethetwosidesofthesamecoin.1Likethechildonthedivingboard,youwillstayundecided.2Morethanthat,howshouldyoustaymotivatedtoachievethegoal?First,youneedtoevaluateyourself,yourvalues,yourstrengths,yourweaknesses,yourachievements,yourdesires,etc.Onlythenshouldyousetyourgoals.
Youalsoneedtojudgethequalityanddepthofyourmotivation.Thisisquiteimportant,becauseitisdirectlyrelatedtoyourcommitment.Therearetimeswhenyourheartisnotinyourwork.3So,slowdownandthinkwhatyoureallywanttodoatthatmoment.Clarity(清晰)ofthoughtscanhelpyoumoveforward.Anotherwayofsettingrealisticgoalsistoanalyzeyourshortandlongtermobjectives,keepinginmindyourbeliefs,valuesandstrengths.Rememberthatgoalsareflexible.4Theyalsoneedtobemeasurable.Youmustkeepthesepointsinmindwhilesettingyourgoals.
Yourpersonalcircumstancesareequallyimportant.Forexample,youmaywanttobeapilotbutcan’tbecomeonebecauseyoureyesightisnotgoodenough.5Youshouldreassessyourgoals,andmotivateyourselftosetafreshgoal.Youwillsurelyneedtoovercomesomedifficulties,someplanned,butmostunplanned.Youcannotovercomethemwithoutamplemotivation.Makesurethatyouplanforthesedifficultiesatthetimeofsettingyourgoals.
A.Thiscanaffectyourwork.B.Sohowshouldyoumotivateyourself?C.However,thisshouldnotdiscourageyou.D.Sowhyshouldwetrytosetspecificgoals?E.Theycanchangeaccordingtocircumstances.F.Motivationiswhatyouneedmosttodoagoodjob.G.Withoutmotivation,youcanneithersetagoalnorreachit.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章就如何激励自己、保持动力、达成目标提出了几点建议。1.G本题考查细节句。根据上文提到的“Motivationandgoalsettingarethetwosidesofthesamecoin.”以及下文提到的“Likethechildonthedivingboard...”可知,G项可以承接上文。其中motivation和goal为原词复现。2.B本题考查过渡句。根据下文提到的“Morethanthat,howshouldyoustaymotivatedtoachievethegoal?”可知,B项“Sohowshouldyoumotivateyourself?”可承接上下文。3.A本题考查细节句。根据上文提到的“Therearetimeswhenyourheartisnotinyourwork.”可知,A项“Thiscanaffectyourwork.”是上文的结果。
4.E本题考查细节句。根据上文提到的“Rememberthatgoalsareflexible.”可知,E项“Theycanchangeaccordingtocircumstances.”是对上文的进一步说明。5.C本题考查过渡句。上文提到“个人情况同等重要”,并以因视力差不能达成当飞行员的目标为例子,再结合下文的“你应该重新评估你的目标,并激励自己去设定一个新的目标”可知,C项和上文构成转折关系,同时起到引起下文的作用。
C(2019全国Ⅲ)Inanonlineclass,developinghealthypatternsofcommunicationwithprofessorsisveryimportant.1WhileIhaveonlylistedtwoofeach,thereareobviouslymanyothersituationsthatcanarise.Studentsshouldbeabletoextendthelogic(逻辑)ofeachtotheirparticularcircumstance.Do’s•2Questionsaboutsubjectcontentaregenerallywelcomed.Beforeaskingquestionsaboutthecoursedesign,readthesyllabus(教学大纲)andlearningmanagementsysteminformationtobesuretheanswerisn’thidinginplainsight.
•Participateindiscussionforums(论坛),blogsandotheropen-endedforumsfordialogue.3Besuretostayontopicandnotofferirrelevantinformation.Makeapoint,andmakeitsafeforotherstodothesame.Don’ts•Don’tsharepersonalinformationorstories.Professorsarenottrainednurses,financialaidexpertsoryourbestfriends.Ifyouareinneedofadeadlineextension,simplyexplainthesituationtotheprofessor.4•Don’topenlyexpressannoyanceataprofessororclass.5Whenastudentattacksaprofessoronthesocialmedia,thelanguageusedactuallysaysmoreaboutthestudent.Ifthereistrulyaconcernaboutaprofessor’sprofessionalismorability,besuretouseonlinecourseevaluationstocalmlyofferyourcomments.
A.That’swhattheyarefor.B.Turntoanonlineinstructorforhelp.C.Ifmoreinformationisneeded,theywillask.D.Rememberthatonlineprofessorsgetalotofemails.E.Belowaresomecommondo’sanddon’tsforonlinelearners.F.Everyonehastakenanot-so-greatclassatonetimeoranother.G.Askquestions,butmakesuretheyaregood,thoughtfulquestions.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在选修网络课程时如何与授课教师建立健康有益的互动交流。1.E本题考查过渡句。上文提到“在选修网络课程时与授课教师建立健康有益的互动交流非常重要”,结合下面提到的“Do’s”和“Don’ts”可知,E项可承接上下文。2.G本题考查主旨句。根据下文的“Questionsaboutsubjectcontentaregenerallywelcomed.Beforeaskingquestions...”可知,本部分介绍的是问问题,G项中的“Askquestions”为同词复现。
3.A本题考查细节句。根据上文提到的“参与讨论论坛、博客和其他开放式对话论坛”可知,A项“这就是他们的目的”可承接上文。4.C本题考查细节句。本部分的主题句为“Don’tsharepersonalinformationorstories.不要分享个人信息和经历”。C项“如果需要更多的信息,他们会询问”可有效地承接上文。5.F本题考查细节句。根据本部分的主题句“不要公开表达对教授或课堂的不满”可知,F项“每个人都曾经上过不太好的课”可以和上文构成因果关系。
D(2019浙江)Rockmusicconsistsofmanydifferentstyles.Eventhoughthereisacommonspiritamongallmusicgroups,theymakeverydifferentmusic.1AtthattimetheBeatlesenteredtheworldofmusicfromLiverpool.AftertheyweregivenaninvitationtoappearliveonBBC,theBeatlesquicklybecamefamousinBritainwithnationwidetours.Bymid-1963,theBeatleshadbeenextremelypopularinEngland.2Theyheldlargeconcertsandperformedatclubs.TheybecamethehottestthingonthepopmusicsceneinEngland.Theybeganasamodestlysuccessfulmusiciangroupandendedtheyearasshowbusinesslegends(传说).JohnLennonandPaulMcCartneywerenamedcomposersoftheyear.
3TheywerenotsurehowtheAmericanswouldreacttothenewtypeofmusic.BeatlemaniahitNewYorkonFebruary7,1964.Hundredsoffansjammedtheairporttogreetthem.4Theconcertwasbroadcastliveandattractedthelargestonenightaudienceinthehistoryoftelevisionuptothattime.TheBeatlesweredescribedasaBritishinvasion(入侵)bylocalandnationwidenewspapersatthattime.TheirvictoryinAmericawasstillrememberedasamajorturningpointinthehistoryofrockandroll.ThankstotheBeatles,alotofopportunitieswereopeneduptonewfacesonthemarket.5
A.TheydecidedonatourtotheUnitedStatesin1964.B.Eventheirhairstylesbecamemajortrendsatthattime.C.Rockmusicdevelopedinthe1950sandtheearly1960s.D.However,theirsongschangedthelivesofgenerationstocome.E.ManyrockbandswereabletofollowinthefootstepsoftheBeatles.F.TheyappearedinthefilmsAHardDay’sNight(1964)andHelp!(1965).G.TheyperformedtheirfirstconcertinAmericaatCBStelevision’s53rdstreetstudio.
【语篇导读】本文是说明文。本文主要介绍了摇滚乐队“披头士乐队”的组建与流行。1.C根据本段的首句“Rockmusicconsistsofmanydifferentstyles.”可知,空处应该与rockmusic有关,再根据该空后的Atthattime可知,空处应该有表示时间的结构与之呼应。C项“Rockmusicdevelopedinthe1950sandtheearly1960s.”满足了这两个条件,所以选C项。2.B根据该空上一句“Bymid-1963,theBeatleshadbeenextremelypopularinEngland.”可知,此处应该讲述那时候乐队受欢迎的情况。B项“Eventheirhairstylesbecamemajortrendsatthattime.”能够承接上文。所以选B项。
3.A根据该空的下一句“TheywerenotsurehowtheAmericanswouldreacttothenewtypeofmusic.”可知,该空应该讲述theBeatles要去美国巡演,所以选A项。4.G根据该空的下一句“Theconcertwasbroadcast...”可知,应选G项。5.E根据该空的上一句“ThankstotheBeatles,alotofopportunitieswereopeneduptonewfacesonthemarket.”可知,披头士乐队为摇滚方面的新人创造了许多机会。E项讲述的许多摇滚乐队能够沿着披头士乐队的足迹走下去,与上一句内容相吻合。所以选E项。
【帮你拓知识】核心知识,词块记忆①atafasterrate以更快的速度②sidebenefit附带的好处③bedirectlyrelatedto...与……有直接联系④longtermobjective长期目标⑤measurableadj.可测量的,可度量的⑥reassessone’sgoal重新评估目标⑦accordingtocircumstances根据情况⑧patternofcommunication交流模式⑨stayontopic紧扣主题,不要离题⑩expressannoyanceatsb对某人表示生气
⑪professionalismn.专业水平(素质)⑫atonetimeoranother曾经⑬amodestlysuccessfulmusiciangroup一个不太成功的音乐群体⑭jamtheairport堵塞机场⑮followinthefootstepsofsb步某人后尘,走某人的路
本课结束
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