Unit4Earthquakes
主题:人与自然 子话题:自然灾害与防范 对应教材:必修1Unit4Earthquakes;选修6Unit5Thepowerofnature
Step1诵读经典·渗透文化意识Ⅰ.细品味经典文章(2020·全国Ⅲ卷)When“RiseofthePlanetoftheApes”wasfirstshowntothepubliclastmonth,agroupofexcitedanimalactivistsgatheredonHollywoodBoulevard.Buttheyweren’ttheretothrowredpaintonfur-coat-wearingfilmstars.Instead,oneactivist,dressedinafull-bodymonkeysuit,hadarrivedwithasignpraisingthefilmmakers:“Thanksfornotusingrealapes(猿)!”
Thecreativeteambehind“Apes”usedmotion-capture(动作捕捉)technologytocreatedigitalizedanimals,spendingtensofmillionsofdollarsontechnologythatrecordsanactor’sperformanceandlaterprocessesitwithcomputergraphicstocreateafinalimage(图像).Inthiscase,oneofarealistic-lookingape.
Yet“Apes”ismoreexceptionthantherule.Infact,Hollywoodhasbeenhotonliveanimalslately.Onenonprofitorganization,whichmonitorsthetreatmentofanimalsinfilmedentertainment,iskeepingtabsonmorethan2,000productionsthisyear.Already,anumberoffilms,including“WaterforElephants”,“TheHangoverPartⅡ”and“Zookeeper”,havedrawntheangerofactivistswhosaythecreaturesactinginthemhaven’tbeentreatedproperly.
Insomecases,it’snotsomuchthetreatmentoftheanimalsonsetinthestudiothathasactivistsworried;it’stheoff-settrainingandlivingconditionsthatareraisingconcerns.AndtherearequestionsaboutthefilmsmadeoutsidetheStates,whichsometimesarenotmonitoredascloselyasproductionsfilmedintheStates.
Ⅱ.按要求完成任务1.翻译黑体字标出的单词和短语。①digitalizedadj._________②imagen._____③hotadj._______④nonprofitadj._________⑤keeptabson______________⑥off-settraining_______________数字化的图像热衷于非营利的监视,密切注意偏离轨道的训练
2.用一句话总结文章大意。______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Animalsactivistsgivethankstothefilmmakersof“RiseofthePlanetoftheApes”,whousedanewtechnologytocreatedigitalizedanimals,whileinmanyotherfilmsanimals’treatmentisstillaconcernbecausetheyarenottreatedproperly.
Step2固本强基·锻造语言能力Ⅰ.重点词汇1.burstvi.(burst,burst)爆裂;爆发n.突然破裂;爆发【教材原句】Inthecity,thewaterpipesinsomebuildingscrackedandburst.(P26)在城市里,一些建筑物的水管破裂了。
【词块必记】(1)burstin突然闯进;突然出现burstinto...闯入……burstwithjoy/anger心花怒放/勃然大怒burstintolaughter=burstoutlaughing突然大笑起来burstintotears=burstoutcrying突然大哭起来(2)aburstof一阵……
【语境速测】单句语法填空①Seeingherclassmatesburst___laughingbecauseofherfoolishbehavior,sheburst____tears.②Withaburst__laughter,WangXifengburst____theroom,whoseflattering(谄媚的)wordsmadeMrsJiaburst____joy.outintoofintowith
【写作金句】ReadingTheEmperor’sNewClothes,Ihadtoletoutaburstoflaughteroverhisfoolishness.读了《皇帝的新装》,我不禁为他的愚蠢而捧腹大笑。
2.ruinn.[U]毁灭;毁坏;崩溃;[常用复数]废墟;遗迹v.(使)毁坏;毁灭;成为废墟;使破产【教材原句】Infifteenterriblesecondsalargecitylayinruins.(P26)十五秒钟内,一座大城市变成了一片废墟。
【词块必记】(1)lie/beinruins成为废墟fallintoruin毁灭;毁坏bring...toruin使……毁灭;使……没落(2)ruinone’shealth/fame/future毁掉某人的健康/名誉/前途
【语境速测】单句语法填空①Theysawbythelightofthemoonthatpartofthecitylay__ruins.②Heisnowbrought__ruin,buthehasseenbetterdays.into
【写作金句】IfvisitorscomparethemagnificentparkwiththeruinsofYuanmingYuaninBeijing,theywillkeepinmindthesufferingsofournationinmodernhistory.如果参观者对比一下公园的壮丽和北京圆明园的废墟,他们就会铭记我们民族在现代历史上遭受的苦难。
3.injurevt.(injures,injuring,injured)损害;伤害【教材原句】Two-thirdsofthemdiedorwereinjuredduringtheearthquake.(P26)三分之二的人在地震中丧生或受伤。
【词块必记】(1)be/getinjured受伤(2)theinjured伤者;伤员(3)dosb.aninjury/doaninjurytosb.伤害某人
【语境速测】单句语法填空①Theinjured_____flowntohospitalimmediatelytheygot_______(injure)inthecaraccident.②The_______(injure)manwaslyingmotionlessonhisback.③Anyinjury__achildisacauseofgreatconcerntous.④Twoplayersareoutoftheteambecauseof______(injure).wereinjuredinjuredtoinjury
4.shockvt.&vi(使)震惊;震动n.休克;打击;震惊【教材原句】Sandnowfilledthewellsinsteadofwater.Peoplewereshocked.(P26)井里没有水了,而是填满了沙子。人们感到非常震惊。
【词块必记】(1)beshockedby/at...对……感到震惊beshockedtodo...因做……而震惊(2)inshock震惊地;休克(3)shockingadj.令人震惊的
【语境速测】单句语法填空①________(shock)bythesadnews,shebrokeoutintears.②Wefeltcurious(asto)howshereceivedthe________(shock)news.【写作金句】Itislikeasleepinglionthatwillsurelyshocktheworldonceitwakesup.它像一头睡狮,一旦醒来就会震惊世界。Shockedshocking
5.judgen.裁判员;法官vt.断定;判断;判决【教材原句】Yourspeechwasheardbyagroupoffivejudges.(P30)你的演讲是由五位评委聆听的。【词块必记】(1)judgesb./sth.by/from从……判断某人/某物judgingby/from根据……判断asfarasIcanjudge=inmyjudgement据我判断;我认为(2)makeajudgementabout对……做出判断
【语境速测】单句语法填空①_______(judge)fromhisexperience,wecoulddrawtheconclusionthatweshouldn’tjudgeaperson_______hisappearance.完成句子②_________________________,Chineseleadersareincreasinglyanxiousaboutairandwaterpollution.从他们的讲话中可以得知,中国领导人正越来越关注空气污染和水污染问题。Judgingfrom/byJudgingfromtheirspeeches
Ⅱ.经典句式6.Allhopewasnotlost.并非所有的希望都破灭了。【句型公式】(1)all,both,each,every,everybody,everything,complete,completely,always,whole,wholly,entirely,altogether等具有总括意义的代词、形容词和副词与否定副词not连用,构成部分否定,表示“不是都;并非都”。(2)no,none,never,nobody,nothing,neither,noone,nowhere,nomore,nolonger,noway等表达否定意义的词(组)与肯定式谓语一起使用,构成“全部否定”。
【语境速测】翻译句子①Allmanagerspresentdon’tagreewithhisopinion._________________________________。②Noneofthemanagerspresentagreewithhisopinion._______________________________。并非所有在场的经理都同意他的观点没有一个在场的经理同意他的观点
【写作金句】Nothingintheworldisdifficultifhesetshismindtoit.世上无难事,只怕有心人。
【备选要点】1.buryvt.埋葬;掩埋;隐藏【教材原句】Thearmyorganizedteamstodigoutthosewhoweretrappedandtoburythedead.(P26)军队组织队伍挖出受困的人,并且埋葬死者。
【词块必记】(1)buryoneselfin=beburiedin埋头于;专心于(2)beburiedinthought陷入沉思buryone’sface/headinone’shands双手掩面/抱头【知识拓展】表示“专心于,致力于”的表达还有:bedevotedto;beabsorbedin;belostin;beoccupiedwith;focus/concentrateon;fixone’sattentionon等。
【语境速测】单句语法填空①Sheburiedherface__theroses,drinkinginthefragrance.②______(bury)inhisbooks,hedidn’tnoticehismothercomeintotheroom.③Heheldherclosely,_______(bury)hisheadagainsthershoulder.④He______(bury)hisfaceinhishandsandwept.inBuriedburyingburied
【写作金句】Burytheoldworldandbuildnewone.埋葬旧世界,建立新世界。
2.expressvt.表示;表达n.快车;速递【典型例句】Hisviewshavebeenexpressedinnumerousspeeches.他已在无数次发言中表达了自己的观点。【词块必记】(1)expressoneself表达自己的思想、感情等(2)expressionn.表达,表示,表情
【语境速测】单句语法填空①His__________(express)onthefacesuggestedthathewasnotsatisfiedwiththeresult.②Thefigures____________(express)intermsofapercentage/inpercentageterms.完成句子③Obviously,hip-hopdancingisawayto_____________(表达自我)freely,torelievethepressurefromfamily,schoollifeingeneral.expressionareexpressedexpressoneself
3.Itseemedasiftheworldwasatanend!仿佛到了世界末日!【句型公式】Itseemed(tosb.)asif...(对某人来说)似乎……(1)如果asif所引导的从句表示的情况是真实的或是极有可能发生的情况,句子要用陈述语气。
(2)当说话人所陈述的是不真实的或极不可能发生或存在的情况时,从句用虚拟语气:①从句用一般过去时(与现在的事实相反)②从句用过去完成时(与过去的事实相反)③从句谓语动词用would/could/mightdo形式(与将来的事实相反)
【语境速测】单句语法填空①Thoughthelocalvillagerswerepoor,theyofferedtheirclothesandfoodasifI_____(be)theirownfamily.②Tomraisedhisrighthandasif_____(say)something.句型转换③Theyweretalkinginawhisper,sotheyseemedtobesayingsomethingsecret.→Theyweretalkinginawhisper,so____________theyweresayingsomethingsecret.weretosayitseemedasif
Step3强化检测·提升学习能力Ⅰ.单句语法填空1.(2020·浙江高考)SeeingElliandmenearlybeatenbythebear,the________(rescue)toldmetosprayhiminhiseyesusingpeppersprayinaloudvoice.2.(2020·浙江高考)At9:30am,thefullred/yellow/greensignalcyclemightbe140seconds.By9:33am,aburst__additionaltrafficmightpushitto145seconds.3.(2020·天津高考)Joneswas_______(shock)whenshesaidthatshedidn’tactuallymindbeingcheated.rescuersofshocked
4.(2020·全国Ⅲ卷)Ifyoudo,youwon’tbeabletohandleitandthewholethingdevelopsintoanunpleasantsceneandthat_____(ruin)everyone’sday.5.(2020·江苏高考)Iwonderedwhethertherewerebiggerdiscoveriesoutthere,notjustspecies,butlifethatdependsonthingsthoughttobe______(use).ruinsuseless
Ⅱ.完成句子1._____ofthetwomathproblemsare___verydifficult.=________ofthetwomathproblemsareverydifficult.这两道数学题并非都很难。2.Bydoingso,Icannotonlysharegoodideaswithothersbutalso__________________________.通过这样做,我不仅可以与别人分享好想法也学会清晰地表达自己。BothnotNotbothlearntoexpressmyselfclearly
3.________________,hedidn’tknowitwasrainingoutside.由于他埋头于书本,所以不知道外面下雨了。4.They______________mysuggestion,whichmademealittleupset.他们对我的建议不以为然,这使我有点难过。5._____________________,Tomstoodtherestill,notknowingwhattosay.听到这个难过的消息,汤姆很震惊,一动不动地站在那里,不知道说什么。BuriedinhisbookthoughtlittleofShockedatthesadnews
Ⅲ.语法填空(黑体词为本单元重点词汇)Onenight,abigearthquakehitourcity.Withthepipes1.________(burst)andtheelectricitycutoff,nearlyeverythingwasdestroyedandagreatnumberofbuildingslay2.__ruins.Somecitizenswerebadlyinjured;others3.___________(bury)intheruins.Itseemedas4.________thewholeworldwasat5.___end!burstinginwereburiedif/thoughan
Thenextday,thiseventwastheheadlineofallnewspapers.Thewholenation6.___________(shock)bythedamage.Peopleweremovedwhentheyreadthatthesurvivorscomfortedeachotherbysaying“7.______________(congratulate)!Yousurvived!”Sotheynotonly8._________(express)theirsympathysincerely,butalsoorganizedsomeactivities9.______(help)thevictims.Unluckily,notallthe10._______(injure)wererescuedintimeandthedeadhadtobeburiedatonce.Finally,thankstothehelpofthewholenation,thelosswasminimized.wasshockedCongratulationsexpressedtohelpinjured
Step4直击高考·培养思维品质核心素养 了解自然,保护自然,有效预防自然灾害并与自然和谐相处高考链接2020·全国Ⅱ卷阅读理解C;2020·新高考全国Ⅰ卷完形填空;2019·浙江高考阅读理解C;2019·北京高考阅读理解D;2019·天津高考阅读理解C;2019·江苏高考阅读理解B;2018·天津高考阅读理解A
Ⅰ.话题与阅读理解(2020·全国Ⅱ卷阅读理解C)Whenyouweretryingtofigureoutwhattobuyfortheenvironmentalistonyourholidaylist,furprobablydidn’tcrossyourmind.Butsomeecologistsandfashion(时装)enthusiastsaretryingtobringbackthemarketforfurmadefromnutria(海狸鼠).UnusualfashionshowsinNewOrleansandBrooklynhaveshowcasednutriafurmadeintoclothesindifferentstyles.“Itsoundscrazytotalkaboutguilt-freefur—unlessyouunderstandthatthenutriaaredestroyingvastwetlandseveryyear,”saysCreeMcCree,projectdirectorofRighteousFur.
ScientistsinLouisianaweresoconcernedthattheydecidedtopayhunters$5atail.SomeofthefurendsupinthefashionshowsliketheoneinBrooklynlastmonth.NutriawerebroughttherefromArgentinabyfurfarmersandletgointothewild.“Theecosystemdowntherecan’thandlethisnon-nativespecies(物种).It’sdestroyingtheenvironment.It’sthemorus,”saysMichaelMassimi,anexpertinthisfield.Thefurtradekeptnutriaincheckfordecades,butwhenthemarketfornutriacollapsedinthelate1980s,thecat-sizedanimalsmultipliedlikecrazy.
BiologistEdmondMoutonrunsthenutriacontrolprogramforLouisiana.Hesaysit’snoteasytoconvincepeoplethatnutriafurisgreen,buthehasnodoubtaboutit.Huntersbringinmorethan300,000nutriatailsayear,sopartofMouton’sjobthesedaysistryingtopromotefur.Thenthere’sRighteousFuranditsunusualfashions.ModelPaigeMorgansays,“Togivepeopleaguilt-freeoptionthattheycanwearwithoutsomeonethrowingpaintonthem—Ithinkthat’sgoingtobeamassivething,atleasthereinNewYork.”DesignerJenniferAndersonadmitsittookherawhiletocomearoundtotheopinionthatusingnutriafurforhercreationsismorallyacceptable.She’stryingtocomeupwithalabeltoattachtonutriafashionstoshowitiseco-friendly.
【文章大意】时装设计师正在把海狸鼠的皮毛做成时装进行促销,这不是犯罪。因为海狸鼠属于美国的外来物种,它们正在毁坏着美国的环境和生态系统。1.WhatisthepurposeofthefashionshowsinNewOrleansandBrooklyn?A.Topromoteguilt-freefur.B.Toexpandthefashionmarket.C.Tointroduceanewbrand.D.Tocelebrateawinterholiday.
【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据第二段CreeMcCree说的话“谈论没有罪恶的皮毛听起来很疯狂——除非你了解每年海狸鼠正在毁坏大片的湿地。”可以推断,在新奥尔良和布鲁克林举办的时装展是为了促销海狸鼠的皮毛做成的时装。故选A。
2.Whyarescientistsconcernedaboutnutria?A.Nutriadamagetheecosystemseriously.B.Nutriaareanendangeredspecies.C.Nutriahurtlocalcat-sizedanimals.D.Nutriaareillegallyhunted.【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第三、四段可知,科学家关心海狸鼠是因为它们正在严重地毁坏美国的生态系统,破坏环境。故选A。
3.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“collapsed”inParagraph5probablymean?A.Boomed.B.Becamemature.C.Remainedstable.D.Crashed.【解析】选D。词义猜测题。collapsed所在的句子的意思是:皮毛交易使海狸鼠在数十年中得到控制,但是海狸鼠市场在20世纪80年代后期崩溃了,这种和猫一样大的动物疯狂繁殖。collapse表示“崩溃,(价格、货币等)暴跌”,crash也有此意。故选D。
4.WhatcanweinferaboutwearingfurinNewYorkaccordingtoMorgan?A.It’sformal.B.It’srisky.C.It’sharmful.D.It’straditional.【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据最后一段中Morgan说的话“为了给人们一种无罪恶感的选择,那就是他们可以穿海狸鼠皮毛时装,没有人会指责他们——我认为指责是大规模的事情,至少在纽约是这样的。”可以推断出,在纽约穿皮毛时装会遭到严厉的反对,所以在纽约穿这样的衣服是很冒险的。故选B。
【微技能点拨】如何做词义猜测题
本文中第3题为词义猜测题,根据策略解题如下:Step1看本词所在的上下文:collapsed所在的句子的意思是:皮毛交易使海狸鼠在数十年中得到控制,但是海狸鼠市场在20世纪80年代后期崩溃了,这种和猫一样大的动物疯狂繁殖。collapse表示“崩溃,(价格、货币等)暴跌”。Step2对比选项找最佳:尝试解答______。D
【语用提能】
【微语法填空】(2020·全国Ⅱ卷阅读理解C改编)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Different1._____ourtraditionalthoughts,someecologistsandfashion(时装)enthusiastsaretryingtobringbackthemarketforfur2._____(make)fromnutria(海狸鼠),3.______soundscrazy.Thereasonforthisisthatthenutria4._____________(destroy)vastwetlandseveryyearcurrently.5.________(bring)fromArgentinabyfurfarmersandletgointothewild,6.___cat-sizedanimalsmultipliedlikecrazy.frommadewhicharedestroyingBroughtthe
Togivepeopleaguilt-freeoption7.____theycanwearwithoutsomeone8.________(throw)paintonthemisgoingtobeamassivething,Tomakeit9.________(normal)acceptable,someonesuggestscomingupwithalabeltoshow10.__iseco-friendly.thatthrowingnormallyit
Ⅱ.话题与写作假定你是李华,你所在学校的校报征求倡导保护环境的短文。请根据以下要求给校报编辑写一份稿件。1.有责任感是非常重要的;2.尝试改变生活方式,尽量不排放二氧化碳,尽量做到回收利用;3.尽力减轻对环境的压力。注意:1.词数80左右;2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;3.尽量使用本单元学过的词汇和短语。
Step1写作技巧(1)词汇提升(根据汉语提示补全句子)①环境越来越差,环境保护变得越来越重要。Theenvironmentbecomes_______________,andenvironmentalprotection______________________________.②我们必须要有责任感。It’sveryessentialforustohave_____________________.worseandworsebecomesmoreandmoreimportantasenseofresponsibility
③当我们意识到保护环境的重要性的时候,我们才会愿意为之尽自己的一份力量。We_______________________forprotectingtheenvironmentwhenwerealizetheimportanceofit.④我们应该改变我们的生活方式,尽量不排放二氧化碳。Weshouldchangeourlifestyles,_________________carbondioxide.arewillingtodoourpartstryingnottoletoff
(2)句式升级⑤用时间状语从句改写句①。_____________________________________________________________________________________________.⑥用倒装句改写句③。_________________________________________________________________________________________Astheenvironmentbecomesworseandworse,environmentalprotectionbecomesmoreandmoreimportantOnlywhenwerealizetheimportanceofprotectingtheenvironmentarewewillingtodoourpartsforit.
Step2妙笔成篇Deareditor,Astheenvironmentbecomesworseandworse,environmentalprotectionbecomesmoreandmoreimportant.Asindividuals,wecantakesomemeasurestoprotectit.Firstly,it’sveryessentialforustohaveasenseofresponsibility.Onlywhenwerealizetheimportanceofprotectingtheenvironmentarewewillingtodoourpartsforit.Secondly,weshouldchangeourlifestyles,tryingnottoletoffcarbondioxide.Insteadofthrowingawaythoseuselessthings,weshouldrecyclethem.
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Aboveall,weshouldtryourbesttocutdownonthepressureoftheenvironmentinordertoliveabetterlife.Yours,LiHua
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