模块三模拟检测第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题。从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatarethechildrenprobablydoing?A.Makingorangejuice.B.Listeningtoloudmusic.C.Cookingameal.2.WhomightAlliebe?A.Thespeakers’pet.B.Theneighbor’sturkey.C.Thespeakers’child.3.Whatarethespeakersmainlydiscussing?A.Tripplans.B.Ticketprices.C.Holidaycelebrations.4.Whatseasonisitnow?A.Spring.B.Summer.C.Winter.5.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Atafastfoodrestaurant.B.Atabutchershop.C.Atacafé.第二节听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Howoldwasthewomanwhenshewasallowedtodrivebyherparents?A.18.B.21.C.23.7.Whatmonthwasthemanbornin?A.December.B.November.C.September.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Whatdoweknowaboutthecampingarea?A.It’stotallyfree.B.It’salittlecold.C.It’sverycrowded.9.Howlongwasthemangonefor?
A.Onenight.B.Twonights.C.Threenights.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.WhatproblemdoesRogerhavewithexams?A.Heisn’tclever.B.Heisn’tconfident.C.Hedoesn’tworkhard.11.HowdoesthemandecidetohelpRoger?A.Byhelpinghimtostaycalm.B.Byfindinganexpertforhim.C.Bygivinghimsomeadviceabouthisfuture.12.Whatdoweknowaboutthewoman?A.Sheiseasytobetired.B.Sheoftenfeelsnervous.C.Shefindsexerciseisagoodwaytorelax.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Howdoesthewomanfeelaboutherjobhunt?A.Veryexcited.B.Alittleunsatisfied.C.Quiteangry.14.WhatdoweknowaboutTheCreator?A.Itgiveslessholidaytimethanothercompanies.B.Itgetsalotofgreatreviewsfromthecustomers.C.Itprovidesmedicalinsurance.15.Whatwastheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Colleagues.B.Classmates.C.Parentandchild.16.Whatwillthewomanprobablydonext?A.Searchonlineforhersalary.B.Negotiatehersalaryoffer.C.Askaboutherbenefitspackage.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whatisthespeakerdoing?A.Givingaspeech.B.Doingaresearch.C.Havinganinterview.18.Whatwasthedestinationofthespeaker’smostrecenttrip?A.Indonesia.B.Italy.C.TheU.S.19.Whatwasthebest-knowneruptionaccordingtothespeaker?A.Krakatoa.B.Santorini.C.Vesuvius.
20.Whatisthespeakermainlytalkingabout?A.Thehistoryofatown.B.Travelexperiences.C.Hiswork.1-5BCACB6-10BACBB11-15ACBCA16-20BAACC听力原文Text1W:Passmetheorangejuice,please?M:Sorry,Ididn’thearthat.Thekidsaremakingsuchanoise.W:Ilikepeaceandquietwhiledining.Theyshouldplaytheirpopsongselsewhere.Text2M:Whowasthatknockingatthewindow?DidwelockAllieoutagain?W:No,ourkidhassleptsoundly.Itwasoneofthosewildturkeysintheneighborhood.Theyliketohitourdoorandwindowswiththeirheads.They’reworsethanthecat!Text3W:It’ssocoldhere.Let’sgotothebeachfortheholiday.IfoundcheapticketstothesouthofFranceinDecember.M:Iwasthinkingaboutaskitrip,butwecansavethatforFebruary.Text4M:Canyoubelieveit?Justafewweeksagowewerewearingshortsandnowwearewrappedupagainstwinterwinds?W:Theweatherchangessofastinthiscity.Insummerit’shot,andnowwehavethisfreezingweather.Butspringwillsooncomearound.Text5M:I’dlikeonepoundofbeef,twopoundsofham,andtwomorepoundsofchicken.Howmuchwillthatcost?W:Thatwillbe$25,sir.I’llhavetocutthebeefup.Itshouldonlytakeaboutfiveminutes.Text6W:Igotmydriver’slicensethedayIturned18,butmyparentsdidn’tletmedrivetillthreeyearslater.M:Myparentsboughtmeasecond-handcarwhenIgotmydriver’slicense.W:Youarelucky.Ihadtohaveallofmyfriendsdrivemearoundforyears!TheywereallolderthanmebyafewmonthsandstillhadtheirlicensesbeforeIdid.Whatmonthwereyoubornin?IwasborninSeptember.Mybirthdayisexactlytwomonthsaftermysister’s!M:IwasbornonChristmasactually.ItgetsalittleannoyingbecausewehavetocelebratebothandIdon’tgetmy
ownday!Text7W:Howwasyourcampingtriplastweekend,John?M:Notgreat.Thefirstnightwestayedatoneofthosecampingareaswhereyouneedtopaytogetin.Thereweretoomanypeoplethere,though.W:So,whathappenednext?M:Thenextdaywedecidedtohikeaboutfourhourstoaspotwheretherewasn’tanybodyaround.Thatwasabigmistake.W:Why?M:Noneofusbroughtanythingtomakeafirewith.Thenitstartedraining,andwerealizedevenwithourwarmclothesitwastoocoldtostayovernight.W:Sowhatdidyoudo?M:Wehikedbacktotheoriginalcampingareaincompletedarkness.Weleftthenextmorningbecauseeveryonewastootiredfromthenightbefore.Whatdidyoudo?W:Iwatchedamovieathomebyanicewoodfire.Text8M:Rogerissointelligent.Hethinksforhimself.He’sahardworker.Hehasgoodideasandhedoesn’tfollowthecrowd.W:Sowhydoeshedosobadlyinhisexams?M:Becausehesuffersfromanxiety.Helacksconfidence.Hisbrainissoactiveandhethinkstoomuch.Whenitcomestoexams,hisintelligenceactuallyworksagainsthim.W:Iwishwecouldhelphim.Itseemssounfairthataperson’sfuturecanbedeterminedbyhowwelltheyperformononeparticularday.M:Itisunfair—butlifeisunfair.Wemusttrytohelphimbyshowinghimhowtokeepcalminstressfulsituations.W:Howdowedothat?Ican’tsaythatI’mexactlyanexpertatdealingwithstress,althoughIambetteratitthanIusedtobe.M:Icanhelphim.Ialwaysthinkthatexerciseisagreatwayfordealingwithstressandanxiety.Whenyouhaveexhaustedyourselfwhiledoingexercise,youdon’thavetheenergytobenervous.W:Thatissoright!Ialwaysfeelcalmafterworkingoutinthegym.
Text9M:Howisthejobhuntgoing?W:I’veappliedtomorethan20jobsandhadthreeinterviews.IgottwojoboffersbutIdonotreallylikeeitherofthem.M:Whynot?W:Neitherofthemgavemeagoodsalaryoffer.IthinkIdeservemorethanthat.M:Haveyouresearchedwhatkindofsalaryyourpositionshouldearn?W:Yes,andIshouldbegettingmuchmorethanwhattheyareofferingme.M:Well,doyoulikethecompaniesandthebenefitstheyareofferingyou?W:Ido,especiallyoneofthemcalledTheCreator.Theygotalotofgreatreviewsfromtheiremployees,andtheyareofferingagreatbenefitspackagewhichincludesmedicalanddentalinsuranceandmoreholidaytimethananyothercompany.M:That’sgreat.Don’tjustdeclinethejoboffer.Youknowwhat,youcannegotiatethesalaryoffertheygiveyou.(16)W:I’dbeenatthecompanywewereatforsolong.Iforgotaboutthejobprocess.Iamalittleworriedaboutaskingformore.M:Listen!Iftheyofferedyouajob,thatmeanstheywantyou!Especiallyinyourfield,dataanalytics,youareneededintoday’sjobmarket.Everyoneneedspeopletofigureoutwhattodowithallthedatabeingcollected.W:Youhaveapoint.Iwillgivethemacallrightnow.Text10Helloeveryone,andthankyouforinvitingmetospeakatyourschool.Nowhereisabigwordforyou—volcanologist.Thatismyjob.VolcanologyisthestudyofvolcanoesandIspendmuchofmytimetravelingtovolcanoesaroundtheworld.Chinacancountitselflucky.Itdoesn’thavemanyactivevolcanoes.Thelastonetoeruptwasin1951.Myjobhastakenmetomanycountries,fromItalytotheU.S.IhavejustcomebackfromIndonesia,oneofthemostactivevolcanicareas.Sowhyismyjobimportant?Becausewhenweunderstandvolcanoes,wecanpredicthowtheywillbehaveandhelpprotectthepeoplewholivenearthemfrompossibleharm.Whenwethinkofvolcanoeserupting,wethinkofrocksbutperhapsthebiggestdangerisfromash.Therehavebeensomeveryfamousvolcanoeruptions.Krakatoa,inIndonesia,eruptedin1883,killingover36,000people.Santorini,inGreece,wasruinedbyanexplosionabout3600yearsago.ButthemostfamouseruptionwasVesuviusinItalyin79AD.AshfromtheexplosionburiedtheRomantownsof
PompeiiandHerculaneum,preservingthemsowellthatwecannowvisitthemtoday.Theyareatreasureforhistorians,soyoucouldsayeveryvolcaniccloudhasasilverlining.第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。A(2021·福建厦门市高三模拟)EvenforacivilizationasadvancedastheHarappan,aseconddroughtwasperhapsonetoomany.Theclimatedisastermaybewhatdrovetheancientsocietytodisappearstepby.TheHarappanstartedintheIndusvalleyaround5200yearsago,strongestaround2600BC.Muchaboutthemisunknown.Yetarchaeologicalremainstellthestoryofthepeople,skilledintradeandcityplanning,andparticularlygoodatcontrollingwater.Theirhugecities,completewithexcellentsystemsforundergroundwaterandpublicbaths,existedlongbeforetheRomanEmpire.Butby1900BC,theirsocietyseemedtobeonthefall,andby1300BC,theHarappancivilizationshadbrokendown.Severalideashavebeenputforwardtoexplainthedownfall,includinginvasionandclimatechange.Onerecentstudyreferstoamajordroughtinthenorthernhalfaround4200yearsago.ThiseventwasrecentlyconsideredasthestartoftheMeghalayanperiod.Itisthoughttohavebrokenupclimatesystemsaroundtheworld,includingthesummermonsoonrainfalltheHarappandependedon.NickScroxtonatUniversityCollegeDublin,Ireland,andhisteamarenowchallengingthisideaafterstudying10ancientrecords.Theyfoundsomefactsofasuddendroughtstartingaround4260yearsago.ThestudysuggeststheHarappanfacedasharpdecreaseinwinterrain.“Thecivilizationsuffered,that'sforsure,”saysScroxton.Butthatwasn'ttheendoftheHarappan.“Theirpoliticsmightchange,thecropsmightchange,thelocationoftheircitieschanges,buttheyadapt,”saysScroxton.Some300yearslater,however,justasthewinterrainswerestartingtorecover,ahottestdroughtkickedoff.Thiswasaslowingreductioninthesummonsoonrainsoverseveralcenturies.ScroxtonandhisteamsaythisseconddroughtchangedtheHarappanintoapoorsocietythatdisappearedatlast.【语篇导读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要以哈拉帕文明为例，说明气候灾难可能是导致古代社会逐渐消失的原因，介绍了哈拉帕文明逐渐走向衰败的过程以及人们对此的研究发现。21.Whatisthesecondparagraphmainlyabout?A.ThetradewiththeRomanEmpire.B.ThesiteoftheHarappancivilization.C.TheriseoftheHarappancivilization.D.ThesimilaritiesbetweenRomanandHarappan.
【答案】C【解析】主旨大意题。根据第二段“TheHarappanstartedintheIndusvalleyaround5200yearsago,strongestaround2600BC.Muchaboutthemisunknown.Yetarchaeologicalremainstellthestoryofthepeople,skilledintradeandcityplanning,andparticularlygoodatcontrollingwater.Theirhugecities,completewithexcellentsystemsforundergroundwaterandpublicbaths,existedlongbeforetheRomanEmpire.(哈拉帕河大约在5200年前开始于印度河流域，最强大时期大约在公元前2600年。关于他们的很多情况都是未知的。然而，考古遗迹讲述了人们的故事，他们擅长贸易和城市规划，尤其擅长控制水资源。他们的大城市早在罗马帝国之前就存在了，拥有完善的地下供水系统和公共浴室)”可知，第二段主要说明了哈拉帕文明的崛起。故选C。22.HowdidNick'steamconductthestudy?A.Bytrackingtherainfall.B.Bymovingintothecity.C.Bybuildingclimatesystems.D.Byresearchingancientrecords.【答案】D【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段中“NickScroxtonatUniversityCollegeDublin,Ireland,andhisteamarenowchallengingthisideaafterstudying10ancientrecords.(爱尔兰都柏林大学学院的NickScroxton和他的团队在研究了10个古代记录后，正在挑战这一观点)”可知，Nick的团队通过研究古代记录进行的这项研究。故选D。23.WhatmayhavereallyendedtheancientHarappancivilization?A.Themonsoonrainfall.B.Doubleclimatedisaster.C.TheinvasionofRoman.D.Thechangeofthecities.【答案】A【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Some300yearslater,however,justasthewinterrainswerestartingtorecover,ahottestdroughtkickedoff.Thiswasaslowingreductioninthesummonsoonrainsoverseveralcenturies.ScroxtonandhisteamsaythisseconddroughtchangedtheHarappanintoapoorsocietythatdisappearedatlast.(然而，大约300年后，就在冬季降雨开始恢复的时候，一场最炎热的干旱开始了。这是几个世纪以来季风降雨总量的缓慢减少。斯克罗克斯顿和他的团队说，这第二次干旱把哈拉帕变成了一个贫穷的社会，导致最终的灭亡)”可知，季风降雨终结了古老的哈拉帕文明。故选A。B(2021·江西高三模拟)GrowingupinTaiwanasthedaughterofacalligrapher(书法家)，oneofmymost
treasuredmemorieswasmymothershowingmethebeauty,theshapeandtheformofChinesecharacters.Eversincethen,Iwasattractedbythisamazinglanguage.Buttoanoutsider,itseemstobeasimpenetrableastheGreatWallofChina.Overthepastfewyears,I’vebeenwonderingwhetherIcanbreakdownthiswall,sothatanyonewhowantstounderstandandappreciatethebeautyofthiscomplexlanguagecoulddoso.Istartedthinkingabouthowanew,fastmethodoflearningChinesemightbeuseful.Attheageoffive,1startedtolearnhowtodraweverysinglestroke(笔划)foreachcharacterinthecorrectorder.Ilearnednewcharacterseverydayduringthenextfifteenyears.Youonlyneed1,000tounderstandthebasiccommunication.Thetop200willallowyoutoread40percentofbasicliterature-enoughtoreadroadsigns,restaurantmenus,tounderstandthebasicideaofthewebpagesorthenewspapers.TodayI’mgoingtostartwith8characterstoshowyouhowthemethodworks.Openyourmouthaswideaspossibleuntilit’ssquare.Yougetamouth—口.Thisisapersongoingforawalkwithtwolegs.Person—人.Theshapeofthefireisapersonwithtwoarmsonbothsides,asifshewasyellingcrazily,“Help!I’monfire!”—火.Thisisatree—木.Thisisamountain—山.Thesun—日.Themoon—月.Thesymbolofthedoorlookslikeapairofcardoors---门.Theseeightcharactersarethebuildingblocksforyoutocreatelotsmorecharacters.【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章作者主要介绍了如何轻松地学习和阅读汉字。24.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“impenetrable”inParagraph2probablymean?A.Availabletolearnabout.B.Worthwhiletoaccess.C.Difficulttogetacross.D.Importanttounderstand.【答案】C【解析】词义猜测题。根据文章第二段划线词前半句“Buttoanoutsider,(但对于门外汉来说，)”和后半句“astheGreatWallofChina.(像中国的长城)”可知，对于门外汉来说，汉字就跟中国的长城一样高不可攀。所以impenetrable为“不能穿过的”之意。故选C。25.WhydidtheauthortrytothinkoffastwaystolearnChinese?A.Toproveherabilitytolearn.B.Tohelphermotherwithhercareer.C.Togetbettergradesinexams.D.ToenablemorepeopletoenjoyChinese.【答案】D【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Overthepastfewyears,I’vebeenwonderingwhetherIcanbreakdownthiswall,sothatanyonewhowantstounderstandandappreciatethebeautyofthiscomplexlanguage
coulddoso.(过去几年，我一直思考如何能够攻克这堵墙，让那些要理解和欣赏这复杂语言优雅地方的人可以这样做。)”可知，作者试图想出快速学习中文的方法是为了让更多的人喜欢汉语。故选D。26.Withthemostfrequentlyused200characterspeoplecan.A.readrestaurantmenusB.understandnewspaperswellC.communicatewithnativesD.enjoybasicliterature【答案】A【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Thetop200willallowyoutoread40percentofbasicliterature-enoughtoreadroadsigns,restaurantmenus,tounderstandthebasicideaofthewebpagesorthenewspapers.(认识顶部二百个汉字，让你看明白百分之四十的基本文献——足以读懂路标、餐厅菜单，以了解中文网页的基本想法或报纸内容。)”可知，人们可以用最常用的200个汉字阅读餐厅菜单。故选A。27.Whatwilltheauthorprobablytalkaboutnext?A.Howtheeightcharactersbuildothercharacters.B.Whatothermeaningstheeightcharactershave.C.Wheretheeightcharacterscanbeusedindailylife.D.WhytheeightChinesecharactersareformedinthisway.【答案】A【解析】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Theseeightcharactersarethebuildingblocksforyoutocreatelotsmorecharacters.(这八个汉字是你创造更多汉字的基础。)”可推断，作者在文章下一段会介绍这八个汉字是如何塑造其他汉字的。故选A。C(2021·四川高三)IfyoustoparandompersononthestreetinChina,there’saprettygoodchancethattheirsurnamewouldbeeitherWang,Li,Zhang,LiuorChen.That’sbecausethosearethefivemostcommonsurnamesinChina—sharedby30%ofthepopulation.Andthevastmajorityofthepopulationsharejust100ofthosesurnames.Incomparison,theUnitedStatesreported6.3millionsurnamesinits2010census.Thereareafewreasonsforthis:ChinaislessraciallydiversethancountriessuchastheUS,whereawealthofminoritygroupsincreasesurnamediversity(多样性).Italsohastodowithlanguage;youcan’tjustaddarandomstroke(音节)toaChinesecharacterandcreateanewsurname.Butthere’salsoanotherfactoratplay:technology.WithChinaroaringintothedigitalage,nearlyeverything
hasmovedonline—frommakingappointmentstobuyingtraintickets.ThemainproblemisthatnotallChinesecharactershavebeencodedintocomputersystems.Thatmeantaworldoftroubleifyouhappenedtohaveararecharacterinyourname.Asof2017,upto60millionChinesecitizensfacedthisproblem,accordingtoXinhua.Peoplewithrarecharactersintheirnames,whicharen’tcompatible(兼容的)withexistingcomputersystems,cangetleftbehind—pushingmanytochangetheirnamesforthesakeofconvenience,evenifitmeansabandoningcenturiesofheritageandlanguages.Totrytoaddressthis,expertshaveincreasedthedatabasefrom32,000charactersto70,000characters,accordingtothegovernment.They’restillworkingtoexpandittoincludemorethan90,000characters,saidChenJiawei,anassociateprofessoratBeijingNormalUniversity.【语篇导读】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国汉语言文化中的姓氏文化。28.WhatcanbelearnedfromthecomparisonaccordingtoParagraph1?A.TherearefewercommonsurnamesinChina.B.Chinesepeoplelikesharingthesamesurname.C.TheUnitedStatesownsthemostsurnamesintheworld.D.6.3millionsurnamesinChinahavebeenshareduntilnow.【答案】A【解析】推理判断题。根据第一段第二三句话“That’sbecausethosearethefivemostcommonsurnamesinChina—sharedby30%ofthepopulation.Andthevastmajorityofthepopulationsharejust100ofthosesurnames.”(这是因为这是中国最常见的五个姓氏，占总人口的30%。而绝大多数人的姓氏只有100个。)可推知，在中国普通姓氏较少。故选A。29.Whichonedescribessurnamediversityproperly?A.NewChinesesurnamesareeasytocreate.B.Surnamediversitytotallydependsontechnology.C.Minoritygroupscanincreasesurnamediversity.D.Surnamesincomputersystemsareregularlychanged.【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段第一句话“ChinaislessraciallydiversethancountriessuchastheUS,whereawealthofminoritygroupsincreasesurnamediversity”(与美国等国家相比，中国的种族多样性较低，在美国，丰富的少数族裔群体增加了姓氏的多样性。)
可知，少数民族可以增加姓氏的多样性。故选C。30.Whatmayhappentopeoplewithrarecharactersintheirnames?A.Theywilllosetheirheritage.B.Theyhavetochangetheirnames.C.Theyshouldexpandthedatabase.D.Theymayupgradecomputersystems.【答案】B【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第五段“Peoplewithrarecharactersintheirnames,whicharen’tcompatible(兼容的)withexistingcomputersystems,cangetleftbehind—pushingmanytochangetheirnamesforthesakeofconvenience,evenifitmeansabandoningcenturiesofheritageandlanguages.”(名字中有罕见字符的人，与现有的计算机系统不兼容，可能会被抛在后面——迫使许多人为了方便而改名，即使这意味着放弃几个世纪以来的传统和语言。)可知，名字里有罕见字符的人可能不得不改名字。故选B。31.Whyhaveexpertsincreasedthecharacterdatabase?A.Tosaveheritageandlanguages.B.TokeepChinesetraditionalculture.C.Togivepeoplemorechoiceswhennaming.D.ToletusknowmoreChinesecharacters.【答案】C【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句话“Totrytoaddressthis,expertshaveincreasedthedatabasefrom32,000charactersto70,000characters,accordingtothegovernment.”(为了解决这个问题，专家们已经将数据库从32000字增加到了70000字，根据政府的说法。)可知，此处this“这个问题”，应是倒数第二段中提到的“名字里有罕见字符”。由此推知，专家增加了字符数据库是为了人们在取名的时候有更多的选择，而不至于被迫改名。故选C。D(2021·全国高三模拟)TheruinsofaMayacityhavebeendiscoveredinGuatemalawiththehelpoftheremotesensingtechniqueLiDAR.ThislostcityenvelopssiteslikeTikal,Holmul,andWitzna,butshowsthatthesefamousareasareasmallpartofthislosturbannetwork.HiddenunderthejunglesoftheMayaBiosphereReservesite,morethan60,000human-madefeatures—homes,canals,highways,andmore—havebeenidentifiedinaerial(从飞机上的)imagescollectedbysomeinternationalresearchersheadedbythePAGUNAMFoundation,aMayaculturalandnaturalheritageorganization.ThosehaveexpertsrethinkingtheoutlinesandcomplexityoftheMayaEmpire.Theseancientpeoplesobviouslycreatedtheseimaginativeculturesbasedontheirknownrelics(遗迹),butthenewresearchhassuggestedthatthesizeofthislostsocietyisfarbeyondwhatexpertsimagined.Thefindingswillbe
exploredinaone-hourdocumentarycalled“LostTreasuresoftheMayaSnakeKings”,tobebroadcastontheNationalGeographicChannel.ThisbreakthroughwaspossiblethankstoLiDARsensors,whichcansurveylandsin3Dbybouncingpulsesoffthegroundfromunmannedairvehiclesandothers.LiDARisexceptionallyusefulfordetectingarcheological(考古的)sites,asitgetsthroughjunglesandotherfeaturesthatholdupexplorationontheground.Thetechniquehasmademanydiscoveriesbecomearealityinrecentyears.Forinstance,majorfindsatAngkor,CambodiaandCaracol,Belizecanexplainwhatitdid.ThefinalgoalistosurveyGuatemala’slowlandswithit.“Thereareentirecitieswedidn’tknowaboutnowshowingupinthesurveydata,”FranciscoEstrada-Belli,oneoftheleadarcheologistsontheproject,saidinNatGeo’scomingdocumentary.“Thereare20,000squarekilometresmoretobeexploredandtherearegoingtobehundredsofcitiesaboutthemysteriouspeoplewhobuiltthisurbannetworktherethatwedon’tknowabout,andwewillpushbackthefrontierswiththetechnology,”headded.【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在遥感技术激光雷达的帮助下，在危地马拉发现了一座玛雅城市的废墟，新的研究表明这个失落的社会的规模远远超出了专家的想象，还有2万平方公里的土地有待探索。32.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“Those”inparagraph2referto?A.Jungles.B.Human-madefeatures.C.Researchers.D.Aerialimages.【答案】B【解析】词义猜测题。根据第二段中HiddenunderthejunglesoftheMayaBiosphereReservesite,morethan60,000human-madefeatures—homes,canals,highways,andmore—havebeenidentifiedinaerial(从飞机上的)imagescollectedbysomeinternationalresearchersheadedbythePAGUNAMFoundation,aMayaculturalandnaturalheritageorganization.隐藏在玛雅生物圈保护区的丛林之下，由帕格纳姆基金会(一个玛雅文化和自然遗产组织)领导的一些国际研究人员收集的航拍图像中发现了6万多处人类活动场所——房屋、运河、公路等。可知，代词those指的是人造景观，包括房屋、运河、公路等，故Those指Human-madefeatures。故选B项。33.Whatdoestheauthorwanttoconveyinparagraph4?A.TheworkingprincipleofLiDARsensors.B.TheprocessofresearchingMayacivilization.C.GreatimportanceofGuatemalanslowlands.D.LiDAR’scontributiontodiscoveringtherelics.【答案】D【解析】主旨大意题。根据第四段中ThisbreakthroughwaspossiblethankstoLiDARsensors,whichcansurveylandsin3Dbybouncingpulsesoffthegroundfromunmannedairvehiclesandothers.…The
techniquehasmademanydiscoveriesbecomearealityinrecentyears.这一突破之所以成为可能，是因为激光雷达传感器，它可以通过无人机和其他设备发射的脉冲从地面反弹，以3D方式测量地面……近年来，这项技术的许多发现已成为现实。可知，本段主要介绍了LiDAR技术在发现遗址方面起到的重大作用，旨在突出这一技术的贡献和重要性。故选D项。34.WhichwordscanbestdescribethelostMayacity?A.Smallandhidden.B.Famousandhigh-tech.C.Vastandcomplex.D.Fully-exploredandimaginative.【答案】C【解析】推理判断题。根据第一段中ThislostcityenvelopssiteslikeTikal,Holmul,andWitzna,butshowsthatthesefamousareasareasmallpartofthislosturbannetwork.这个失落的城市包围着像蒂卡尔、霍尔木尔和威茨纳这样的地方，但也表明这些著名的地区只是这个失落的城市网格的一小部分；第三段中butthenewresearchhassuggestedthatthesizeofthislostsocietyisfarbeyondwhatexpertsimagined.但新的研究表明，这个失落的社会的规模远远超出了专家的想象；以及最后一段中Thereare20,000squarekilometresmoretobeexploredandtherearegoingtobehundredsofcitiesaboutthemysteriouspeoplewhobuiltthisurbannetworktherethatwedon’tknowabout还有2万平方公里的土地有待探索，将会有数百个城市的神秘人在那里建立了我们不知道的城市网络。可判断，玛雅城是广袤的；根据第二段中ThosehaveexpertsrethinkingtheoutlinesandcomplexityoftheMayaEmpire.这些让专家们重新思考玛雅帝国的轮廓和复杂性。可判断出，玛雅城是复杂的。因此，玛雅城是广袤和复杂的。故选C项。35.Whatwillthearcheologistsdonext?A.Continuetoexploretheunknown.B.UpgradetheLiDARtechnology.C.Studythedocumentarycarefully.D.Buildamassiveurbannetwork,【答案】A【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中Thereare20,000squarekilometresmoretobeexploredandtherearegoingtobehundredsofcitiesaboutthemysteriouspeoplewhobuiltthisurbannetworktherethatwedon’tknowabout,andwewillpushlackthefrontierswiththetechnology.还有2万平方公里的土地有待探索，将会有数百个城市的神秘人在那里建立了我们不知道的城市网格，我们将利用这一技术把它推广到新的领域。由此判断出，这些考古学家们将继续利用这一技术开拓新的领域，探索未知的地方。故选A项。第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
(2021·浙江高一月考)Chineseisoneofthetwoworldlanguageswithoverabillionspeakers.WhiletheInternethasreferredtoEnglishasthemostusedlanguage,Chinesestillholdsthetoppositionasthemostusedmothertongue.36Justthinkofhowmanymorepeopleyou'dbeabletotalktoafterlearningsomeChinese!TherearefivetraditionalformsofChinesecalligraphy.TheseareconsideredclassicalartsandrepresentativesofChineseartstyles.37ItfirstappearedduringtheZhouDynastyandisstillpopularamongcalligraphyartiststoday,38Thismakesitquitedifficultfornon—nativespeakerstotellwordsfromsoundcombinations(组合).Whenyouaddinthetones,itaddsuptomakeChineseoneofthemostdifficultlanguagestolistentoandunderstand.VariousfactorscontributedtomakingChineseoneofthehardestlanguagestolearnforforeigners.39Usually,youmustlearn3,000charactersinordertobeconsideredfluentenoughtoreadthemorningnewspaper.However,thelanguageconsistsoftensofthousandsofcharactersthatmakefluencyadifficulttask.Whenyou'rewalkingaroundChina,youmightbesurprisedattheamountofwordsyou'reabletopickupquickly.ThankstoanincreaseinexposuretoWesternculture,Chinesehasmanyloanwords,orwordsborrowedfromEnglish,inusetoday.TheoriginofChinesecomesfromthediscoveryofthefamousOracleBonesandwhatisbelievedtobetheearliestsymbolsofChinese.TheseboneswerefirstusedintheShangDynasty.Withsucharichhistory,Chinesehasobviouslyexperiencedmanychangesandinfluencesduetowarsandculturalshifts(变迁).40A.AncientChinesecharacterswereused3,000yearsago.B.However,thelanguagestillexistedandcontinuedtogrow.C.In2010,thenumberofChinesenativespeakerstotaled955millionpeople.D.PeoplewhowishtostudyChinesemustputinyearsofworktoreachfluency.E.Thankstoitsuniquesoundsystem,Chineseisfilledwithsimilarsoundingwords.F.Theworld’smostnatively-spokenlanguage,Chinese,stillremainsapuzzletotheWest.G.ThemostpopularcalligraphystyleistheSealCharacterstyledevelopedbytheHanpeople.【语篇导读】这是一篇说明文。文章对汉语的普及、复杂性和源远流长进行了介绍。36.【答案】C【解析】根据前文“WhiletheInternethasreferredtoEnglishasthemostusedlanguage,Chinesestillholdsthetoppositionasthemostusedmothertongue.”(虽然在互联网上英语被称为使用频率最高的语言，但汉语仍然是使用频率最高的母语。)
可知，此处应说明汉语母语使用者的数目之多，所以选项C(2010年，以汉语为母语的人数达到9.55亿。)切合文意。holdsthetoppositionasthemostusedmothertongue呼应totaled955millionpeople。故选C。37.【答案】G【解析】根据前文“TherearefivetraditionalformsofChinesecalligraphy.”(中国书法有五种传统形式。)可知，此处是讲中国书法的形式，选项G(最流行的书法风格是汉人发展起来的篆书风格。)提到了篆书，所以切合文意。故选G。38.【答案】E【解析】根据后文“Thismakesitquitedifficultfornon—nativespeakerstotellwordsfromsoundcombinations(组合).”(这使得非母语人士很难从发音组合中辨别单词。)可知，此处涉及汉语发音的复杂，所以选项E(由于其独特的发音系统，汉语中充满了发音相似的词。)切合文意。similarsoundingwords.呼应tellwordsfromsoundcombinations。故选E。39.【答案】D【解析】根据前文“VariousfactorscontributedtomakingChineseoneofthehardestlanguagestolearnforforeigners.”(多种因素使汉语成为外国人最难学的语言之一。)可知，因为汉语是外国人最难学的语言之一，所以需要很久时间去学好。所以选项D(想要学习汉语的人必须经过多年的努力才能说得流利。)切合文意。故选D。40.【答案】B【解析】根据前文“Withsucharichhistory,Chinesehasobviouslyexperiencedmanychangesandinfluencesduetowarsandculturalshifts(变迁).”(汉语有着如此丰富的历史，由于战争和文化的转变，显然经历了许多变化和影响。)可知，汉语经历了很多变化和影响，但是依然存在并发展。所以选项B(然而，这种语言仍然存在并在继续发展。)切合文意。前后句为转折关系。故选B。第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。(改编自2021·铜梁一中高三模拟)BorninAmerica,IspokeEnglish,notChinese,thelanguageofmyancestors.WhenIwasthree,myparentsflashedcardswithChinese41atmyface,butIpushedthem42.MymombelievedIwouldlearnwhenIwasready.Butthetimenevercame.OnaChineseNewYear’sEve,myunclespoketomeinChinese,butallIcoulddowas43him,confused,scratchingmyhead.“Stillcan’tspeakChinese”He44me,“Youcan’tevenbuyafishinChinatown.”
“Hey,thisisAmerica,notChina.I’llgetsome45withoutChinese.”Irepliedandturnedtomymomforpermission.“Remembertoaskforfreshfish,XinXianYu,”shesaid,handingovera$20bill.Irepeatedthewords,46downstairsintothestreetsofChinatownimmediately.Ifoundthefish47surroundedinaseaofcustomers.“I’dliketobuysomefreshfish,”Ishoutedtothefisherman.Buthe48myEnglishwordsandturnedtoservethenextcustomer.Thelaughofthepeoplebehindincreasedwiththeirimpatience.Witheverysecond,thebreathofthedragonsonmybackgrew50—mybloodboiling—49metocryout.“XianShengYu,please.”“VeryXianSheng,”Irepeated.Thecrowderuptedintolaughter.Myfaceturned51andIranbackhome52,exceptforthe$20billIheldtightlyinmypocket.ShouldIlaughorcryThey’reChinese.Ifeelit’sallrightaboutnotknowingChineseat53.Instead,Iwasthejokeoutside.Sometimes,Ilaughatmyfish54,but,intheend,thejokeison55.Everylaughisaculturelost;everylaughismyheritagefadingaway.【语篇导读】这是一篇记叙文。作者长生活在美国，已熟悉英语。但身为中国人，因为没有学习汉语而导致了去中国城买鱼的尴尬，这让作者明白了一个道理：“笑话”反映的是一种文化的缺失，我们不应该让本民族的文化丢失。41.A.customB.gamesC.languageD.characters【答案】D【解析】A.custom习俗；B.games游戏；C.language语言；D.characters汉字。根据上文“IspokeEnglish,notChinese,thelanguageofmyancestors”可知，作者不会汉语，故推知父母给他展示的是汉字，故选D。42.A.aheadB.asideC.alongD.around【答案】B【解析】A.ahead之前；B.around周围；C.along沿着；D.aside一边。根据下文的“Stillcan'tspeakChinese?”可知，作者不愿意学汉语，用短语pusharound“推开”符合语境。故选B。43.A.stareatB.glanceatC.complaintoD.aimat【答案】A【解析】A.stare凝视；B.glanceat瞥一眼，匆匆看一下；C.complainto向某人投诉……，向……抱怨，向……诉苦；D.aim目的在于。根据下文的“athim,confused,scratchingmyhead
”可知，作者听不懂只能盯着舅舅看，stareat“凝视”。故选A。44.A.caredaboutB.arguedwithC.laughedatD.askedafter【答案】C【解析】A.caredabout关心；B.arguedwith争辩；C.laughedat嘲笑；D.askedafter询问。根据下文“Youcan’tevenbuyafishinChinatown.”可知，此句话含嘲笑意味。故选C。45.A.fromnowB.rightnowC.attimesD.intime【答案】B【解析】A.fromnow从现在开始；B.rightnow立刻；C.attimes时不时；D.intime按时。由本句中“I'llgetsome...withorwithoutChinese.”及联系下段可知，作者想证明给叔叔看，所以立刻就去唐人街买鱼。故选B。46.A.walkingB.flyingC.jumpingD.running【答案】D【解析】A.walking散步；B.flying飞翔；C.jumping跳跃；D.running奔跑。根据后文“downstairsintothestreetsofChinatownimmediately”可知作者急于证明自己，所以立即跑下楼买鱼。故选D。47.A.farmB.marketC.pondD.stand【答案】B【解析】A.farm农场；B.market市场；C.pond池塘；D.stand小摊。上文提到作者去唐人街买鱼，可推知，他应该是到了卖鱼市场。故选B。48.A.ignoredB.forgetC.doubtedD.guessed【答案】A【解析】A.ignored忽视；B.forgot遗忘；C.doubted疑惑；D.guessed猜测。根据后文“myEnglishwordsandturnedtoservethenextcustomer”可知，这个卖鱼人没有在意作者说的话，即无视，不理睬。故选A。49.A.biggerB.strongerC.lowerD.slower【答案】B【解析】A.bigger更大的；B.stronger更强壮的；C.lower更低的；D.slower更慢的。根据后文“mybloodboiling”可知作者因为卖鱼人的态度变得愤怒，所以是背上龙的气息就变得更强烈，故选B。59.A.allowingB.pushingC.persuadingD.leading【答案】B【解析】A.allowing允许；B.pushing逼迫；C.persuading劝说；D.leading带领。由本句中“myblood
boiling”可知，作者被激怒了，因此强迫自己大声喊出要买的东西。故选B。51.A.brightB.blankC.redD.pale【答案】C【解析】A.bright明亮的；B.blank黑的；C.red红的；D.pale苍白的。根据上文的“Thecrowderuptedintolaughter”可推知，作者在周围人的嘲笑下羞愧的脸红了。故选C。52.A.open-mouthedB.empty-handedC.tongue-tiedD.broken-hearted【答案】B【解析】A.open-mouthed张着嘴的；B.empty-handed空着手的；C.tongue-tied结结巴巴的；D.broken-hearted心碎的。根据下文“exceptforthe$20billIheldtightlyinmypocket.”可知作者很尴尬，赶紧回了家，并没有买到鱼，两手空空。故选B。53.A.homeB.serviceC.riskD.root【答案】A【解析】A.home家；B.service服务；C.risk危险；D.root根系。根据下文“Instead,Iwasthejok”可知，是指在家里可以不会说汉语。故选A。54.A.tradeB.incidentC.challengeD.deed【答案】B【解析】A.trade贸易；B.incident事件；C.challenge挑战；D.deed行为。结合上文“Ilaughatmyfish”可知，此处指作者经常自己笑话自己买鱼这件事。故选B。55.A.itB.meC.usD.them【答案】B【解析】A.it它；B.me我；C.us我们；D.them他们。结合上文内容可知，这个笑话是发生在作者身上的，即“我”。故选B。第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当单词或括号内单词的正确形式。(改编自2021·银川唐徕回民中学高三一模)ThehistoryofChinesecharactersdatesbacktoancienttimes,withahistoryofatleastseveralthousandyears.Itisagreedthathanzibegan56simplepictures,imagesthattheancientChinesepeopledrew,painted,andcarved57(describe)natureandtheirlives.Theoldestsymbols58(recognize)asChinesecharactersarethosefoundonancientanimalbones.These3000-year-oldsymbols,jiaguwen,59(carve)onturtleshellsorbonesofanimals,andcangiveusinsightinto60ancientChinesesawtheworldaroundthemandintotheirgreatcreativity.
WhenyoufirstlookatChinesecharacters,youwillmost61(like)feelthattheyareverycomplicated.About80%ofChinesecharactersare62(compose)ofsmallerparts,whicharecombinedinmanydifferentwaystoformtensofthousandsofhanzi.63(fortunate)youneedtoknowonlyabouttwoorthreethousandcharactersforuseindailylife.ChinesecharactersandChinesecultureareinseparablylinked.China’swritingsystemforms64strongbridgelinkingtheChinesepeopleandcultureofthepresentwith65(that)ofthepast.AsChinatakesitsplaceintheinternationalcommunity,manyinternationalstudentsarestudyingChineseandarecomingtoappreciateChina’simpressiveculture.【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了汉字的历史以及与中国文化之间的关系。56.【答案】as【解析】考查介词。句意：人们一致认为，汉字最初是作为简单的图画，是古代中国人民绘制、绘画和雕刻来描述自然和他们的生活的图像。根据句意可知，此处表达“汉字一开始作为一些简单的图画”。固定短语beginas译为“起初作为、开始时作为”。故填as。57.【答案】todescribe【解析】考查非谓语动词。句子谓语动词为began，所以动词describe要以非谓语的形式出现。根据句意可知，此处表达“用来描述自然和他们的生活的图像”，所以用不定式表目的。故填todescribe。58.【答案】recognizable【解析】考查词性转换(形容词)。作后置定语，用形容词recognizable。句意：最古老的可识别的汉字符号是在古代动物的骨头上发现的。59.【答案】werecarved【解析】考查动词的时态和语态。根据句意以及上文的“These3000-year-oldsymbols”可知，这些文字是在3000年前雕刻，属于过去发生的事实要用一般过去时。主语These3000-year-oldsymbols是复数，且与动词carve是被动关系。故填werecarved。句意：这些有三千年历史的符号，甲骨文，刻在甲壳或动物的骨头上，可以让我们了解古人如何看待周围的世界，以及他们伟大的创造力。60.【答案】how【解析】考查名词从句。根据空格前的介词into可知，此处为宾语从句。在宾语从句中，句子不缺成分，表“如何”含义，所以用连接副词how引导宾语从句。故填how。61.【答案】likely【解析】考查词性转换(副词)。修饰动词feel，应用副词，故填likely。句意：当你第一次看到汉字时，你很可能会觉得它们非常复杂。
62.【答案】composed【解析】考查动词短语。becomposedof由……组成，故填composed句意：大约80%的汉字是由较小的部分组成的，这些小部分以许多不同的方式组合起来，形成成千上万个汉字。63.【答案】Fortunately【解析】考查词性转换(副词)。修饰整个句子用副词，故填Fortunately。句意：幸运的是，你只需要知道两三千字就可以在日常生活中使用。64.【答案】a【解析】考查冠词。名词bridge为可数名词，所以要用冠词修饰。根据句意可知，此处表示“一座坚固的桥梁”是泛指，所以用不定冠词，且strong是辅音音素开头。故填a。句意：中国的文字系统构成了一座坚固的桥梁，把现在的中国人和过去的文化联系在一起。65.【答案】those【解析】考查词形转换(代词的复数)。此处特指上文所提及的过去的中国人和中国文化，表复数含义，应用those进行指代。故填those。第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节应用文(满分15分)(2021·浙江高三模拟)假定你是李华，你的美国笔友Mike来信说对中国汉字很感兴趣。想要了解更多汉字的知识。就此请你用英语给他写一封回信。主要内容包括：1.汉字的发展简史：(Atthebeginning...Astimewentby...ItwasEmperorQinshihuang...Nowadays...)2.汉字的重要意义。(connect...with/haveaconnectionwith;thenumberof…)注意：1.词数120词左右；2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。【答案】DearMike,Iamdelightedtohearthatyou’reinterestedinChinesecharacters.I’mwritingtotellyousomethingaboutthedevelopmentofChinesecharacters.Atthebeginning,Chinesecharacterswereinitiallymeanttobesimplepicturesusedtohelppeoplerememberthings.Astimewentby,itfinallybecameauniquecharactersystem.ItwasEmperorQinshihuangthatmadethewrittenscriptstandardizedinform.Nowadays,ChineseisoneofthemostimportantlanguagesintheworldandmorepeopleareinterestedinChinesecharacters.
Inrecentyears,Chinesehasarousedagreatattentionallovertheworld.ChinesecharactersconnectChinawiththeworld.ThenumberofpeoplewholearnChinesecharactersisincreasing.Yours,LiHua第二节读后续写(满分25分)阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。(2021·山东日照市高三二模)Joanexcitedlypackedherbagsforherupcomingtripwithherfamily.TheyweredrivingfromNewYorktoVirginiatogoonabriefvisittotheirdistantrelatives.Shewasburstingwithimpatiencetoplaywithhercousinsandchatawaywithherauntanduncle.Afterallofthesuitcaseshadbeenloadedintothecar,Tonny,Joan’sfather,lookedtoJoanandhermother,Flora.“Iseveryonereadyforourroadtrip?”Theybothsmiledandnodded.Itwasgoingtobequitealongjourney,andwithinacoupleofhoursJoanhadalreadybeguntofeeltired.Shebegantonodoffwhenshenoticedthecarveeringofftheroad,sharplytotheleft.Tonnymanagedanemergencystop,gotoutandwalkedaroundthecar.Hescratchedhishead,lookingconfused.Then,hegaveagreatsigh.“Wehaveaflattire(轮胎),”hesaidtoFlora.“Usethesparetireinthetrunk.ThenwecanreplaceitwhenwereachVirginia,”shesuggested.Tonnylookeddownathisfeetsheepishly.“I…haven’thadthesparetirereplacedsincethelasttimewehadaflat.”Floraseemedupset,buttriedtoremainpositive.“Maybewecancallaservice,”shesuggested.Butaquickglanceattheircellphonestoldthemthattherewasnosignalinthearea.Joanlookedathermotherinthefrontseat,andherfatherstillstaringblanklyattheflattireoutside.Bothofthemlookedconcerned.Joanbegantogetworried.Noothercarshadpassedbyinawhileanditseemedliketheywerefarawayfromatowncenter.Shelookedoutthewindow,wonderingiftheywouldhavetosleepinthecaroriftherewasanywaytheycouldpossiblyfindsomeonetohelpthem.WouldtheyevermaketheirwaytoVirginia?Herrelativeswouldsurelybeworriedaboutthem.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。WhenJoanlookedoutthewindow,shesawacarapproaching._____________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ItbegantorainandJoanbecamemoreworried.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】WhenJoanlookedoutthewindow,shesawacarapproaching.Shewavedtothedriverwithexcitementandthecarslowlycametoastop.Anoldladygotoutofthecar.Joanbeggedwhethershecouldaskaservicewhenshevisitedthenearesttown.Theladypromisedtodoallshecouldandthenthecardisappearattheendoftheroad.Allofasudden,thewindseemedtobepickingupandtheleaveswerebeingblownabout.ItbegantorainandJoanbecamemoreworried.Buttheonlythingshecoulddowastostayinthecarwithherfamily.Theskywasgettingdarker,butnoonecame.Suddenly,theyspottedheadlightsinthedistance.Emergencyrescuerscametohelpthem!Theyquicklyreplacedthetire,andthecarstartedagain.Thewholefamilyweredeeplymoved,notbelievingwhattheysaw.Theysetoutagainwithimmensegratitude.
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