备战2022新高考英语之特色题型增分练DAY 15 (教师Word版)
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备战2022新高考英语之特色题型增分练DAY 15 (教师Word版)

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时间:2022-03-11

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DAY15备战2022高考英语之特色题型增分练(教师版)目录内容PassageA说明文阅读PassageB记叙文阅读PassageC七选五阅读PassageD七选五阅读PassageE读后续写写作PassageA说明文阅读Everyracehorsehasdifferentabilities.Likehumans,someareshort-distancerunners,whileothersaremarathoners.Figuringoutwhichiswhichandhowtopacethemcanbethedifferencebetweenfailureinthefinishandtakingtheawardhome.Jockeys(赛马骑师)andtrainershavetraditionallyreliedoncenturiesofexperienceanddatafrompreviousracestoplantheirraces.AmandineAftalion,amathematicianinParis,thoughtshecouldaddtothat.Since2013,shehasbeenanalyzingtheperformancesofworldchampionrunnerslikeUsainBolt.Shehasfoundthatshort-distancerunnerstendtowinwhentheystartstrongandgraduallyslowdowntowardthefinishline.Butinmedium-distanceraces,runnersperformbetterwhentheystartstrong,settledown,andfinishwithaburstofspeed.Hermodelshowshowthosewinningstrategiesmaximizetheenergyoutputofmusclesreliantontwodifferentpathways:powerfulaerobic(有氧的)onesthatrequireoxygen,whichcanbeinlimitedsupplyduringarace,andanaerobicones,whichdon’tneedoxygenbutbuildupwasteproductsthatleadtotiredness.Aftalionwonderedwhichstrategywouldbebestforhorses.SosheandQuentinMercier,anothermathematician,tookadvantageofanewGPStrackingtoolinsertedinFrenchracingsaddles(马鞍).ThetwostudiedpatternsinmanyracesattheChantillyracetracksnorthofParisanddeveloped amodelthataccountedforwinningstrategiesforthreedifferentraces:ashortone(1,300meters),amediumone(1,900meters),andaslightlylongerone(2,100meters),allwithdifferentstartingpointsonthesametrack.Themodeltakesintoaccountnotjustdifferentracedistances,butalsothesizeorfrictionfromthetracksurface.Theresultsmightsurprisejockeyswhoholdhorsesbackearlyforburstsofenergyinthelastfinish.Instead,astrongstartleadstoabetterfinish,theteamfound.“Thatdoesn’tmeanthosejockeysarewrong,though.Ifthestartistoostrong,itcanbedevastatingaswell,leavingthehorsetiredbytheend,”Aftalionsays.1.Whatshouldarunnerdotogetanawardaccordingtothetext?A.Makeagoodstart.B.Planfortheraceearly.C.Runslowlyonthestartingline.D.Tryrunningquicklyallthetime.2.WhatformedthebasisforAftalion’sstudyinghorserace?A.Theexperienceanddatafromprevioushorseraces.B.Thebenefitofknowinghorses’differentabilities.C.Thesuccessinstudyingrunners’winningstrategies.D.Theperformanceofhorsesondifferentracedistances.3.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“devastating”inthelastparagraphmean?A.Boring.B.Damaging.C.Astonishing.D.Puzzling.4.Whatcanweinferfromthetext?A.Runnershavethesameenergyoutputofmuscles.B.Aftalion'sfindingsmayhelphorsestowintherace.C.WhatJockeysandtrainersdomakesnosensetohorses.D.Worldchampionrunnersmadeacontributiontothestudy.参考答案:1.A。间接信息题。由第二段short-distancerunnerstendtowinwhentheystartstrong(强劲起跑的短跑者往往会赢)”和inmedium-distanceraces,runnersperformbetterwhentheystartstrong(在正等长度的跑步比赛中,强劲起跑者表现得更好)可知,一个跑步运动会员想要得奖必须开个好头。故选A项。2.C。间接信息题。由第四段Aftalionwonderedwhichstrategywouldbebestfor horses.(我想哪个策略最适合于赛马)以及前面第二、三两段的内容(都是对跑步者的研究)可知,Aftalion对马赛的研究是以成功地研究跑步者成功策略为基础的。故选C项。3.B。猜测词义题。结合最后一段astrongstartleadstoabetterfinish,theteamfound.(这个团队发现,一个好的开始会带来一个好的结果。)和Ifthestartistoostrong,itcanbedevastatingaswell,leavingthehorsetiredbytheend(如果开始太强劲的话,可能会是_____的,这会让马在最后感到疲惫。)可知,“devastating”是“对……不好/有害”的意思。故选B项。4.B。信息推测题。从文中我们可知,Aftalion以跑步者的比赛策略为基础来研究不同马赛中赢得比赛的策略,其研究结果令赛马骑师很吃惊可知,Aftalion的研究对赛马骑师有一定的借鉴意义。故选B项。PassageB记叙文阅读AdanceheldlastSaturdayinCentralHighSchool’sgymraised$2,348tohelprebuildthehomeoffreshmanKeishaKandunandherfamily.Admissionto“RocktheHouse”was$10;allmoneywenttotheKandunFamilyFund.Volunteersalsowalkedthedancefloorwithdonationboxestocollectmoremoney.TheKandunsarelivingwithKeisha’sgrandparentsuntiltheycanmoveintotheirnewhouse.Thewholefamilyattendedthedance;thentheywentonstagetothankthecrowd.Rebuildinghasalreadybegun,andthefamilyhopestomovebackintimefortheholidays.“WeappreciatethehelpsomuchthatIcannotevenputitintowords,”saidMaryKandun,Keisha’smother.“Wehavealwayslovedtheschool,butweneverexpectedthiskindofgenerosity.Youshouldallbeproudofyourschoolforshowingsomuchheart.”TheKanduns’four-bedroomhomewasemptyonAugust14whenitcaughtonfireafterbeingstruckbylightning.Sadly,thefamilydidnothaveenoughinsurancetopayforthecostofrebuilding.CentralHighSchoolStudentCouncilorganizedtheeventwiththehelpofadvisorandEnglishteacherLoisConradandPrincipalDavidCordero;Thestudentcouncilalsoplanstoholdabakesaleandacarwash,sponsoredbySpeedyCleanInc.toraisemoremoney. ThedancefeaturedthemusicoftheHarlequins.Thefourmembersoftheband,seniorsatCentral,donatedtheirtimetoperform“It’scooltobeabletoplayforyourfellowclassmates,”saidAdamFlynn,whoplaystheguitarfortheband.WewantedtohelpoutKeishaandherfamily,too.“Thebandwasawesome,”saidseniorNeilLukowski,whowenttothedancewithseveralfriends.Itwasafunnightforagoodcause.1.WhatdoweknowabouttheKandunfamily?A.TheysetuptheKandunFamilyFund.B.Theyhadn’texpectedsuchhelpfromschool.C.Theycouldn’tpayfortheirinsurance.D.TheyplayedthemusicoftheHarlequins.2.Wecanlearnfromthetextthatthedance________.A.raisedmoremoneythanneededB.featuredparents’participationC.gotsupportfromteacherswellD.wasfreeofchargefortheseniors3.Whoorganizedthedance?A.TheKanduns.B.Thestudentcouncil.C.SpeedyCleanInc..D.Aschoolband.4.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Fund-raisingDanceRaisesRoofB.“RocktheHouse”CountsaLotC.SuccessfulDanceRequiresDonationD.SponsorsRebuildHomeforFreshman参考答案:1.B。直接信息题。根据题干定位到第四段第二句Wehavealwayslovedtheschool,butweneverexpectedthiskindofgenerosity(我们一直都很喜欢这所学校,但从来没有想过会有这样的慷慨)可知theKandunfamily一家没有期望会得到学校的帮助。A、C、D项在文中都表述不准确。故选B项。2.C。间接信息题。根据题干定位到第四段第三句Youshouldallbeproudofyourschoolforshowingsomuchheart(你们都应该为你们的学校感到骄傲,因为它展现了如此多的爱心)和第六段第一句CentralHighSchoolStudentCouncilorganizedtheeventwiththehelpofadvisorandEnglishteacherLoisConradandPrincipalDavidCordero(本次活动由中央高中学生会在指导老师LoisConrad和校长David Cordero的帮助下组织)可知,得到学校老师和校长很好的支持。故选C项。3.B。直接信息题。从第六段第一句CentralHighSchoolStudentCouncilorganizedtheeventwiththehelpofadvisorandEnglishteacherLoisConradandPrincipalDavidCordero(本次活动由中央高中学生会在指导老师LoisConrad和校长DavidCordero的帮助下组织),可知选B项。4.A。主旨大意题。根据文章第一段AdanceheldlastSaturdayinCentralHighSchool’sgymraised$2,348tohelprebuildthehomeoffreshmanKeishaKandunandherfamily(上周六在中央高中体育馆举行的一场舞会筹集了2348美元,帮助大一新生凯莎·坎顿和她的家人重建家园)及后边具体讲述了这次舞会组织的原因、组织情况等可知,答案选A项(筹款舞蹈重建家园)。B项(“震撼全场”很重要)、C项(成功的舞蹈需要捐赠)和D项(赞助商为新生重建家园)不合文意。PassageC七选五阅读Mindfulnessreferstodirectingallofyourattentionandawarenesstothepresent.Itcanbetoughintoday’sfast-pacedworldtobemindful.1However,ifyou’reintentionalaboutbeingmoremindfulduringyoureverydaylife,youcanlivewithgreaterpurposeandmorehappiness.Whetheryou’retalkingwithyourpartner,yourchildren,oracolleague,mindfulinteractionsareimportant.Staypresentinthemomentbylisteningcarefullyandthinkingabouthowtorespondtoothersinamoremindfulmanner.Inotherwords,don’tcutinwhileothersaresharingtheiropinions.2Mindlesseatingiscommoninyoureverydaylife.Practicebecomingmoremindfulabouthowyoufuelyourbody.3Chewyourfoodslowlyandenjoythetastefully.Noticeyourbody’ssignalsaboutwhenyou’regettingfull.4Reallyfocusonthesound,theshakingmovementofeachnote,andthefeelingsthatarestirredupwithinyou,andotherin-the-momentemotions.Actually,therearemanymindfulnessexercisesyoucanpracticeonaregularbasis.Lookformoreopportunitiesaroundyou.5Yourmindislikelytowanderrepeatedly.But,withpracticeandpatience,you’llgetbetter.A.Seektoreallyhearthemessage. B.Youmaynotmakeitwhenyoufirststart.C.Instead,beanxiousforawaytotalkback.D.Payattentiontoeachbitethatyou’retaking.E.Youcanalsopracticemindfulnesswhenhavingaclass.F.Afterall,therearemanythingscompetingforyourattention.G.Anotheropportunitytopracticeiswhenyou’relisteningtomusic.参考答案:1.F。考查过渡句。根据空前Itcanbetoughintoday’sfast-pacedworldtobemindful(在当今的快节奏世界中很难做到正念)及空后However,ifyou’reintentionalaboutbeingmoremindfulduringyoureverydaylife,youcanlivewithgreaterpurposeandmorehappiness(但是,如果你在日常生活照特意关注正念,你可以生活的更有目标,也更快乐),即通过转折引出本文的主题句,可知答案选F项(毕竟,生活中有很多事情都在争夺你的注意力)。2.A。考查细节句。段落主题句“交谈正念很重要”以及空格前一句Inotherwords,don’tcutinwhileothersaresharingtheiropinions(换句话说,当别人在分享他们的观点时不要打断)可知,答案选A项(寻求真正的倾听对方)。3.D。考查细节句。根据本段话题eating以及空后Chewyourfoodslowlyandenjoythetastefully(慢慢咀嚼,充分品尝食物的味道)可知,选择Payattentiontoeachbitethatyou’retaking(注意你吃的每一口食物)更合适,故选D项。4.G。考查主题句。根据说明文总—分—总结构,可知本空是分述另外一点,再根据后文有关音乐的话题语境词汇(sound,note,emotion等)可知,选择G项(另一个练习的机会是在你何时听音乐)更合适。选项Another也是依据。5.B。考查细节句。根据空前Lookformoreopportunitiesaroundyou(寻找身边更多的机会)以及空格后面的Yourmindislikelytowanderrepeatedly(你的大脑很可能不断的走神儿)可知关于正念的练习并不容易,故选B项(可能一开始你做不到)。PassageD七选五阅读Psychologistshavelongbelievedthathumanbeingshaveafairlyconsistent“negativitybias(消极偏见)”thatleadsustopaymoreattentiontonegativethoughts,feelingsandeventsthantopositiveones.____1____Thereisapositiveexplanationforthequestion.Afterall,weare motivatedtogrowafteramisstep.However,wecan’tabandonourselvestothenegativitybiasforever.How?____2____Practicepositivity.Likeyourmuscles,yourthoughtpatternsrespondtohowtheyareusedandexercised.Youdon’thavetoerasethenegativitybiasfromyourmind.____3____Forexample,setcalendarremindersthroughoutyourdaytoconveyanexpressionofgratitudeorsimplyadjustyourbodylanguagesoyou’reholdingyourselfwithstrengthandconfidence.____4____We’relivinginatimeofpandemicorfinancialstressanddeepdivision.Ournegativitybiasescallourattentiontowardthoserealities.Butwearewellservedtoalsoseetheopportunitiesinthismoment:Maybethere’sahomeprojectweotherwisewouldn’thavefoundtimetotackle.AskforPositiveReminders.Getinthehabitofcheckinginwithpeoplewhoarewithyouwhengoodnessfindsyoutoday.Mentiontothem,“Thatisanunexpectedbitofpraisefromtheboss,isn’tit?”____5____Andwhoknows,youmayhelpyourfriend,familymemberorcoworkerhaveamorepositivedayaswell!A.Trythefollowingsuggestedideas.B.Redefinenegativityasanopportunity.C.Instead,practiceyourpositivelifestyle.D.Itsnegativeinfluencecanneverbeavoided.E.Whyandhowdoesthisphenomenonhappen?F.Howdoyouhandleitasyoutrytolivewithmorepositivity?G.Askingotherstoconfirmyourpositiveinsightscanfacilitateyourpositivity.参考答案:1.E。考查细节句。由上一句Psychologistshavelongbelievedthathumanbeingshaveafairlyconsistent“negativitybias(消极偏见)”thatleadsustopaymoreattentiontonegativethoughts,feelingsandeventsthantopositiveones(心理学家长期以来一直认为,人类有一种相当一致的“消极偏见”,这导致我们更多地关注消极的思想、情感和事件,而不是积极的思想、情感和事件)和下一句Thereisapositiveexplanationforthequestion(对这个问题有一个肯定的解释)可知,上句提到了“消极偏见”这种心理问题现象,下句又说这个问题有一个肯定的解释,可得出该空填写疑问句承接下文explanationforthequestion,故选E项(这种现象为什么会发生,又是如何发生的?)。 2.A。考查过渡句。由上两句However,wecan’tabandonourselvestothenegativitybiasforever.How?(然而,我们不能永远沉浸在消极偏见中。怎样做呢?),结合各段首句及各段内容可知,该空填写的内容与提供建议有关,承接上下文,故选A项(尝试以下建议)。3.C。考查细节句。根据本段小标题PracticePositivity(实践积极性)和空前Youdon’thavetoerasethenegativitybiasfromyourmind(你不必消除你心中的消极偏见)可知,作者建议读者在生活中去实践积极性,即以积极的态度去生活,所以无需消除你心中的消极偏见,只需在生活中不断实践你积极的生活方式,故选C项。4.B。考查主题句。根据空后内容:我们生活在一个大流行病、经济压力和严重分裂的时代。我们的消极偏见要求我们关注这些现实。但我们也很乐意看到这一刻的机遇:也许有一个家庭项目,否则我们就没有时间去解决。可知,即使我们的消极偏见要求我们关注那些消极的现实,但我们也要在消极中看到机遇,故选B项(将消极性重新定义为机遇)。5.G。考查细节句。本段小标题AskforPositiveReminders(索要积极的提醒)可知,在本段中作者建议读者要去向别人索要积极的提醒来摆脱消极偏见,理解空前句Mentiontothem,“Thatisanunexpectedbitofpraisefromtheboss,isn’tit?”可知,用了反义疑问句“这是老板出乎意料的表扬,不是吗?”来肯定自己的积极性,为了承接上文,选G项(让别人确认你的积极见解可以促进你的积极性)。PassageE读后续写写作Lastyear,IspentmyholidayinanunfamiliarneighborhoodinLakewood,NewJersey.Werentedahousesothatsomeofourchildrenandgrandchildrencouldjoinus.Everyoneintheareawassuperfriendly,offeringtocometointroducethemselvestousandtoensurethatwewouldmakefulluseoftheirhospitality,whethertoborrowsomethingortosendthekidstoplayintheiryards.Wewereexcitedandimpressedandimmediatelybegantoseeiftherewereanyhousesforsaleintheneighborhood!Thenextdoortouswasparticularlyfascinating(tovisitnottobuy).Intheyard,therewasa tenniscourt,aswingsetandvarioustoysandgamesthatwereparticularlypopularwithyoungchildren.Theownerwasalsoveryfriendlyandinvitedthekidstocomeoverandplay.Theydidn’thavetobeaskedtwice.Theyplayedforhoursonend.Whilewerelaxedinouryard,perhapsalittletoocomfortable,perhapsenjoyingeachother’scompanyalittletoomuch,perhapsforgettingthatyoungchildrencan’tbelefttoolongwithoutadultslookingafterthem.Apparentlyasmallfightbrokeoutbetweentheboyofthenextdoorandoneofmyfive-year-oldgrandsons.My10-year-oldgrandsonimmediatelyjumpedtohiscousin’sdefenseandpushedtheotherboy.Atthispoint,themothernextdoorwasforcedtointervene(调停).Andtheneighborcameovertospeaktous.NowwhenItrytoimaginemyself:inthatposition,Iimagineallsortsofnegativeandaggressivewaystodealwithit—Iwouldhavebeenveryangryandcomplainedaboutthebadbehaviorofthesevisitingchildren,anddefinitelysentthemhome.Paragraph1:Whatshedidwasquiteopposite._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Paragraph2:Honestly,Iowedmythankstotheneighbor.___________________________________________________________________________参考答案:Paragraph1:Whatshedidwasquiteopposite.Shewassokind,friendlyandcalm.Shespokeoftheir greatpleasureinsharingtheirbackyard,andofthenecessityofmonitoringourchildren'sbehavior.Shetoldherchildrenwewerealltheirguestsandthatweshouldberespectedandgivenspecialtreatment;otherwise,ashosts,theyweretoblame.Afterthat,thesechildrengotalongwellasbefore.Thekidswereimmediatelybroughthomebutthenextdaytheywerewelcomedtoplay.Paragraph2:Honestly,Iowedmythankstotheneighbor.Thoughheractionsmayseemsmall,theywerebiginoureyes.Theneighbornotonlyletallthechildrenkeephappybutalsotaughtmeanunforgettablelessonindealingwithrelationships.Fromher,Ilearnedsomegoodskillsingettingalongwithothers.Smallandkindactionscanbringwarmthtopeople.Weshouldpassthemoontoourchildrenandgrandchildren.

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