2022届高考英语一轮复习 语法练 第6练 动词（解析版）

1．谓语动词的考查包括动词的时态和语态、虚拟语气、主谓一致2．非谓语动词包括todo，doing，done的结构及句法功能3．情态动词的用法基础巩固Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Arepresentativewhohadseen(see)hisperformancebeforethoughthecouldreplaceanotherstarwhointendedtoleave.2．Monaisneverhappy.Look！Sheiscomplaining(complain)aboutherlunch.3．Wearetoldthatthesickhavebeencured(cure)andthelosthavebeenfound.4．Thefamouspianist，aswellashisstudentswasinvited(invite)toperformattheopeningceremonylastSunday.5．Butifyoudofinditdifficulttofall(fall)asleeporstayasleepatnight，thenyoushouldavoidnaps.6．Hosted(host)bytheJinanmunicipalgovernment，theJinanwinterswimmingracehasbeenheldforsixsuccessiveyears.7．Thegamewasinvented(invent)inChinamorethan2,500yearsagoandisbelievedtobetheoldestboardgamecontinuouslyplayedtothepresentday.8．Feedingbirdsis(be)goodforeveryone.Birdersenjoywatchingthebirdswhilethebirdsgetenoughfoodtosurviveinbigcities.9．Thesuggestioncamefromthechairmanthatthenewrule(should)bedeveloped(develop)．10．Itisbelievedthatseriousproblemsforacompanycanbecaused(cause)bythelossofdata.Ⅱ.单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误)11．Withmoreforestsbeingdestroyed，hugequantitiesofgoodearthbeingwashedawayeachyear.12．Sincetheverybeginning，thetechnologicalbaseneededfor5Gbeenconsidered.13．Theseitemsareingreatneed，sopeoplestandinlonglinesgetthem.14．Theystartbuildingtheirhutslateinthesummer，butdonotgetthembeforetheearly frosts.15．Thepoliceman’sattentionwassuddenlycaughtbyasmallboxwhichplacedundertheminister’scar.16．Eyedoctorsrecommendthatachildhisfirsteyeexamattheageofsixmonthsold.17．Greatchangeshavebeen\takenplaceinChinasince2000，whichinspiresusalot.18．Theoldcoupleoftentakeawalkaftersupperintheparkswiththeirpetdogthem.在语法填空中1．首先判断空格处是谓语还是非谓语。如果设空处作谓语，考查的是谓语动词；如果设空处作主语、宾语、补语、定语、状语、表语时，考查的是非谓语动词。2．虚拟语气要根据语境来判断；主谓一致看主语的单复数来判断谓语动词的单复数，要注意就近原则和连接两个主语时谓语动词单复数与前面的主语保持一致的情况。在短文改错中短文改错主要考查谓语动词与非谓语动词的误用、动词的时态和语态的误用以及主谓一致的误用，设题主要有三种形式：1．该用谓语动词的地方用了非谓语动词，或者反过来。2．谓语动词的时态、语态用错。3．主谓一致的误用，即主语的单复数形式和谓语的单复数形式不一致。为此，可从两方面入手：1．找准句子主干，判断句中应该用谓语动词还是非谓语动词。如果是谓语动词还要考虑时态和语态，一定要记准常用时态的被动语态形式，以免用错；如果用非谓语的话，要根据在句中的句法功能和语境来判断用非谓语动词的哪一种，并且还要考虑是它的一般式、完成式还是被动式等。2．主谓一致主要根据常见用法和语境来判断。能力提升Ⅲ.语法填空Thisweek，NewJerseyGovernorPhilMurphysignedabillbanningtheuseofelephants，tigersandotherwildanimalsincircusacts,1.(make)NewJerseythefirststateinthecountrytopasssuchalaw.Thelaw2.(go)intoeffectsinceitsformaldeclaration.3．(know)as“Nosey’sLaw”，thebillisdesignedtoprotectanimalsintravelingcircusactsfrombeingabused.Nosey，thelaw’snamesake，isa36yearoldAfricanelephantwho4.(force)totravelaroundthecountryandgiveridesateventsdespitebeing5.__________(severe) lame(跛的)byarthritis(关节炎)．Thearthritishadlikelycausedunnecessarysufferingandpermanent6.(disable)forNosey，buttheU．S.DepartmentofAgriculturefailedtotakeactiontoprotectNosey，andNosey’sownerscontinuedtouseherinshows.“Theseanimalsbelongintheirnaturalhabitats，notinperformances7.theirsafetyisatrisk.”GovernorMurphysaid.Thelawfinallybecamearealitybecause8.theyearsofhardworkandthebillpassestheNewJerseylegislature(立法机构)withonlythreeopposing9.________(vote)．IllinoisandNewYorkhavealreadybannedtheuseofelephantsintravelingorentertainmentacts10.NewJerseyisthefirsttobanallwildandexoticanimals.语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了新泽西州出台法律禁止用大象、老虎和其他野生动物从事马戏表演。1．答案　making解析　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，make在句中为非谓语动词形式，且此处表示自然而然的结果，应用现在分词作结果状语，故填making。2．答案　hasgone解析　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据时间状语“sinceitsformaldeclaration”可知，主句谓语动词用现在完成时。且主语为law，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填hasgone。3．答案　Known解析　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，know在句中为非谓语动词形式，且与句子主语“thebill”之间为被动关系，故应用过去分词作状语。位于句首，大写首字母。故填Known。4．答案　wasforced解析　考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。此处描述Nosey过去发生的不幸经历，应用一般过去时；先行词a36yearoldAfricanelephant与谓语动词构成被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态；主语为a36yearoldAfricanelephant，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填wasforced。5．答案　severely解析　考查词性转换。修饰形容词“lame”应用副词形式。故填severely。6．答案　disability解析　考查词性转换。形容词“permanent”修饰名词。故填disability。7．答案　where解析　考查定语从句的关系词。此处为定语从句修饰先行词“performances”，且先行词在从句中作地点状语。故填where。8．答案　of解析　考查固定搭配。becauseof为固定短语，意为“因为，由于”。故填of。 9．答案　votes解析　考查名词的单复数。vote表示“投票”为可数名词，由three修饰应用复数。故填votes。10．答案　but解析　考查连词。结合上下文语境可知，两个句子之间为转折关系。故填but。Ⅳ.短文改错Ialwayshaveadreamtobeafluencyspeaker.Therefore，Iamtooshytosayawordinpublic.Whatisbeyondmywildestimaginationisfortuneshouldblessmewithachancetorealizemydream.Oneday，myEnglishteacheraskedmetogotoherofficeandtoldusthatIwasgivenanopportunitytoparticipateinanEnglishspeakingcompetition.Hearthis，Icouldhardlyhidemyexcitement.Whenmakingpreparationforthecompetition，Iwritemyspeechcarefully.IdiscusseditwithmyteacherandgotmanyadviceonhowtoimproveitafterIfinishedthecomposition.UnderthehelpofmyEnglishteacher，Imadeagreatprogress.答案Ialwayshaveadreamtobeaspeaker.，Iamtooshytosayawordinpublic.Whatisbeyondmywildestimaginationisfortuneshouldblessmewithachancetorealizemydream.Oneday，myEnglishteacheraskedmetogotoherofficeandtoldthatIwasgivenanopportunitytoparticipateinanEnglishspeakingcompetition.this，Icouldhardlyhidemyexcitement.Whenmakingforthecompetition，Imyspeechcarefully.IdiscusseditwithmyteacherandgotadviceonhowtoimproveitafterIfinishedthecomposition.thehelpofmyEnglishteacher，Imadeagreatprogress.Ⅴ.书面表达假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Tom与你约好这周末去爬山，你临时接到通知要参加戏剧节演出排练，不能如期赴约爬山。请根据以下要点给Tom写封邮件，内容包括：1．表达歉意；2．不能赴约的原因；3．邀请他观看演出排练。注意：1．词数100左右； 2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。参考范文DearTom，I’mwritingtooffermysincereapologiesformissingthechancetogoclimbingwithyouthisweekend.We’rebothkeenonwatchingsunriseatthetopofthemountain.ButwhatIdidn’tanticipatebeforeisthatourteamisinformedtorehearsetheplaythisweekendinthecityhall.Ifeelterriblysorryonceagain.Wouldyoubeinterestedincomingtowatchourrehearsalthisweekend？Andifpossible，maybewecouldgoclimbingnextweekend.Hopeyoucanacceptmyapologiesandunderstandmysituation.Lookingforwardtoyourreply.Yours，LiHuaⅠ.高频词汇积累1．signn．标志；手势v．签名；签署2．billn．账单；议案；法案3．banv．&n．禁止；禁令4．abusev．滥用；虐待5．despiteprep.尽管6．likelyadj.可能的adv.很可能7．permanentadj.永久的8．habitatn．栖息地9．entertainmentn．娱乐；款待；文娱节目10．blessv．祝福Ⅱ.长难句分析1．Thisweek，NewJerseyGovernorPhilMurphysignedabillbanningtheuseofelephants，tigersandotherwildanimalsincircusacts，makingNewJerseythefirststateinthecountrytopasssuchalaw.[句式分析]　该句为简单句。NewJerseyGovernorPhilMurphysignedabill是主句；banning...是现在分词短语作后置定语；making...为现在分词短语作结果状语。[自主翻译]　这个星期新泽西的州长菲尔·墨菲签署了一项法令，该法令禁止在马戏团表演中使用大象、老虎及其他野生动物，这使得新泽西成为这个国家第一个通过这项法律的州。 [仿写运用]　我国上周通过了一项法律，规定买卖野生动物是非法的。Ourcountrypassedalawlastweek，makingitillegaltotradewildanimals.2．Whatisbeyondmywildestimaginationisthatfortuneshouldblessmewithachancetorealizemydream.[句式分析]　该句为复合句。Whatisbeyondmywildestimagination为主语从句，thatfortuneshouldblessmewithachancetorealizemydream为表语从句。[自主翻译]　最让我想象不到的是命运竟然赐予我实现梦想的机会。[仿写运用]　最让我惊讶的是，他是怎么在如此短的时间内完成任务的。Whatsurprisedmemostwashowhecompletedhistaskinsuchashorttime.