《2022年高考英语一轮复习讲练测》专题5 短文改错

　　专题5　短文改错　　短文改错主要考查语法基础知识。语篇通常取材于考生的习作,篇章结构的难易程度也符合高中生的认知水平。2017~2019年全国卷短文改错考点分布统计试卷文体词数冠词名词动词形容词、副词代词介词连接词数词2019年Ⅰ卷记叙文95122210202019年Ⅱ卷记叙文105012401112019年Ⅲ卷记叙文108114111102018年Ⅰ卷记叙文113112301(2)2(1)02018年Ⅱ卷记叙文108124011102018年Ⅲ卷记叙文1021(0)1420(1)0202017年Ⅰ卷记叙文1081(0)1230(1)1112017年Ⅱ卷记叙文921(0)1330110(1)2017年Ⅲ卷记叙文1101(0)0321(2)120　　一般来说,短文改错的材料篇幅较短,100词左右,10~12个句子;难度不大,语篇中基本上无生僻的词汇和怪、偏、难的语法结构。短文改错的话题较常见,通常是叙述一件事情或说明一个事物。从体裁上看,历年高考试题中的短文改错以记叙文为主,兼顾说明文、议论文和应用文。短文改错通常从词法、句法和行文逻辑三个角度设题,错误类型有多词、缺词和错词三种。高考短文改错命题趋势着眼点具体考点词法动词时态、语态、非谓语动词、情态动词与虚拟语气名词可数名词还是不可数名词、单数还是复数、是否须用所有格代词主格与宾格、人称代词与物主代词、人称代词与反身代词、各种不定代词形容词、副词原级、比较级、最高级冠词不定冠词、定冠词还是零冠词介词基本用法、固定搭配词性误用形容词与副词、形容词与名词、名词与动词句法连词(并列连词和从句引导词)、主谓一致、therebe句型与特殊句式行文逻辑时态一致、指代一致、逻辑一致Passage1[2019·全国Ⅰ]Ibecameinterestinginplayingfootballthankstoasmallaccident.OneafternoonwhereIwasinprimaryschool,Iwaswalkingbytheschoolplayground.Suddenlyfootballfelljustinfrontofmebutalmosthitme.Istoppedtheballandkickedithardlybacktotheplayground.Toeveryone?ssurprising,theballwentintothenet.Allthefootballplayeron theplaygroundcheeredloudly,saythatIhadatalentforfootball.Fromnowon,Istartedtoplaymyfootballwithclassmatesafterschool.Iamagoodplayernow.　　语篇解读▶　由于一次偶然的经历,作者喜欢上了踢足球,从此成了一名优秀的球员。　　答案与解析▶　71.interesting→interested　考查非谓语动词。beinterestedin“对……感兴趣”,为固定短语。此处表示感兴趣的状态,因此将interesting改为interested。72.where→when　考查定语从句。本句是含有定语从句的复合句,先行词是oneafternoon,关系副词在定语从句中作时间状语,故将where改为when。73.football前加a　考查冠词。此处football是可数名词,前面应用不定冠词a表示泛指。74.but→and　考查连词。“足球落到我的面前”与“我几乎被砸中”是并列关系,不是转折关系,故将but改为and。75.hardly→hard　考查副词。句意:我截住了球并用力地将它踢回操场。hardly意为“几乎不”,hard意为“用力地”,故将hardly改为hard。76.surprising→surprise　考查固定搭配。tosb?ssurprise是固定结构,意为“使某人惊讶的是”,因此将surprising改为surprise。77.player→players　考查名词单复数。all后面应用player的复数形式。78.say→saying　考查非谓语动词。主语allthefootballplayers与say之间为逻辑上的主谓关系,应用现在分词作伴随状语,因此将say改成saying。79.now→then　考查副词。本文讲述的是过去的事情,fromthenon意为“从那时起”。80.去掉my　考查固定搭配。play后跟球类运动名词时,名词前不加任何成分。Passage2[2019·全国Ⅱ]SinceIwasakid,I?veconsidereddifferentjobIwouldliketodo.First,Iwantedtobeafireman,whoseuniformlookedsocoolly.Then,whenIwasinthefivegrade,IwantedtobeateacherbecauseIlikedmyEnglishteachertoomuch.WhenIstudiedchemistryhighschool,Ireconsideredmygoalordecidedtobeadoctor.Theyweretworeasonsforthedecision.OnewasthatIwasamazingatthefactthatasickpersoncouldfeelmuchmorebetterafterseeingadoctor.AndtheotheristhatIwantedtohelppeopleinneed.　　语篇解读▶　作者讲述了自己的职业梦想随着求学经历不断改变的过程。　　答案与解析▶　71.job→jobs　考查名词单复数。job是可数名词,其前有different修饰,“不同的工作”是复数概念,故此处用jobs。72.coolly→cool　考查形容词。look是系动词,其后应接形容词作表语。73.five→fifth　考查数词。表示“五年级”,此处有the,应用序数词fifth修饰grade,不用基数词。74.too→very/so　考查副词。verymuch/somuch表示程度,意为“很;非常”。toomuch意为“太多”,不符合语境。75.high前加in/at　考查介词。此处highschool前加介词in/at才能作状语。76.or→and　考查连词。“再次考虑目标”和“决定当医生”是顺承关系,故将表示选择关系的or改为and。77.They→There　考查副词。此处是therebe句型,表示“有”。 78.amazing→amazed　考查非谓语动词。beamazedat“对……感到惊讶”,为固定短语。此处表示人的状态,故将amazing改为amazed。79.去掉more　考查副词。much修饰well的比较级better,表示程度。80.is→was　考查时态。此处作者讲述的是上中学时的事情,上文的Onewasthat也是提示。Passage3[2019·全国Ⅲ]I?vehadmanydreamssinceIwasachild.Nowmydreamistoopensacafe.Thoughitmayappearsimple,itrequiredalotofideasandefforts.WhatIwantisnotjustanordinarilycafebutaveryspecialone.Iwantmycafehaveaspecialthemesuchaslike“TangDynasty”.Inthecafe,customerswillenjoyyourselvesinthehistoricalenvironmentwhatiscreatedforthem.IfIsucceedinmanageone,Iwillopenmore.Iwishtohaveachainofcafesinmanydifferentcity.Eachofmycafeswillhaveadifferentthemeandanuniquestyle.　　语篇解读▶　本文作者谈了他的梦想——开一家咖啡馆。　　答案与解析▶　71.opens→open　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,此处to与动词原形连用构成动词不定式作表语,故将opens改为open。72.required→requires　考查时态。根据全文时态可知,本句应用一般现在时,且主语为it,故谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。73.ordinarily→ordinary　考查形容词。此处应用形容词作cafe的定语,故将ordinarily改为ordinary。74.have前加to　考查固定搭配。wantsb/sthtodosth是固定结构,意为“希望某人/某物做某事”。75.去掉like　考查介词。suchas和like均可用来列举事物,两组词重复,需删除一组。因为每处修改仅限一词,故去掉like。76.yourselves→themselves　考查代词。customers是第三人称复数,故对应的反身代词应为themselves。77.what→that/which　考查定语从句。本句是含有定语从句的复合句,先行词是environment,关系代词在定语从句中作主语,故将what改为that或者which。78.manage→managing　考查非谓语动词。succeedindoingsth是固定结构,意为“成功做某事”,故将manage改为managing。79.city→cities　考查名词单复数。manydifferent后面应用city的复数形式。80.an→a　考查冠词。当名词或修饰名词的形容词以辅音音素开头时,前面要用不定冠词a。一、把握“三”“四”“五”,共十二个考点三个必考点:1.名词的单复数;2.介词的误用、多用或少用;3.动词时态不一致。四个常考点:1.连词的误用、多用或少用;2.冠词的误用、多用或少用;3.词语辨析;4.词性误用。五个选考点:1.代词; 2.非谓语动词;3.情态动词;4.主谓一致;5.形容词的比较级和最高级。二、五个考法考法1　高考常常是8个改词,1个添词,1个删词,偶见例外;考法2　每句最多2个错误;考法3　需要变形的词通常是名词、动词、形容词、副词等;考法4　少词一般是添加冠词、介词、连词、不定式符号to以及物主代词;考法5　多词一般是删掉冠词、介词、助动词等。三、三个方面1.词法:介词、冠词的多用、少用或误用,词性误用,非谓语动词误用,各类词缀的增减,名词的单复数一致,代词的格和数一致;2.句法:连词,主谓一致,therebe句型与特殊句式;3.行文逻辑:时态一致,并列句中两个简单句的关系,如因果、转折、选择、并列关系等。四、解题口诀短文改错有妙计,完整一致看仔细。词法侧重冠名动,形副互换要留意。分词出现多琢磨,主动被动加语气。全文一处多一词,一处少词冠介词。时态人称要统一,连词用法重逻辑。短文改错要做好,常见类型应记牢。名词爱考数与格,冠词在前“错、多、少”。动词时态和语态,非谓语搭配莫错了。连代形副错一样,多是故意来混淆。介词多半考搭配,多漏误用想周到。句法涉及多“一致”,从句多考关系词。词法句法均未错,逻辑推理去寻找。注:“一致”包括主谓一致,数、性、格等的一致。 01　短文改错之错词命题考查角度1▶　名词　　该考点主要考查可数名词与不可数名词的辨析、可数名词单复数以及固定短语中的名词误用等。考点1　名词数的错用1.可数名词单复数的错用:复数用作单数,单数用作复数。2.不可数名词错用复数:不可数名词没有复数形式。3.可数名词与不可数名词混淆:有些词既可用作可数名词,也可用作不可数名词,应注意具体语境。1.[2019·全国Ⅰ]Allthefootballplayerontheplaygroundcheeredloudly,sayingthatIhadatalentforfootball.　　答案与解析▶　player→players　all后面应用player的复数形式。2.[2018·全国Ⅰ]LastwinterwhenIwentthereagain,theyhadabigseparatehousetoraisedozensofchicken.　　答案与解析▶　chicken→chickens　根据dozensof可知,其后用名词复数形式。 1.[2017·全国Ⅰ]Theinstructorkeptrepeatingtheword,“Speedup!”“Slowdown!”2.[2016·全国Ⅲ]Theteenageyearfrom13to19werethemostdifficulttimeforme.3.[2016·四川]Momhasafull-timejob,butshehastodomostofthehouseworks.　　答案与解析▶1.word→words　根据引号内的内容可知,此处word为可数名词,应用复数形式。2.year→years　这里表示13岁至19岁的那几年,故year要用复数形式。3.houseworks→housework　housework为不可数名词,没有复数形式。考点2　名词与形容词、名词所有格的错用1.误把名词用作形容词:名词作表语时,一般与主语构成同位关系;形容词作表语时,一般是对主语的描述。2.误把名词用作名词所有格:表示“……的”应用所有格形式。[2019·全国Ⅰ]Toeveryone?ssurprising,theballwentintothenet.　　答案与解析▶surprising→surprise　tosb?ssurprise是固定结构,意为“使某人惊讶的是”,因此将surprising改为surprise。1.[2018·全国Ⅱ]WhenIwaslittle,Friday?snightwasourfamilygamenight.2.[2016·全国Ⅰ]Myuncletellsmethatthekeytohissuccessishonest.　　答案与解析▶1.Friday?s→Friday　名词Friday修饰night,Fridaynight意为“周五晚上”。2.honest→honesty　主语是key,表语与其构成同位关系,并非对主语的描述,故honest应用名词形式。考查角度2▶　动词考点1　谓语动词的错用　　该考点主要考查动词的时态和语态等。 1.动词形式的错用:有些动词的过去式与过去分词是不一样的,应注意其不同点;情态动词后一般跟动词原形,表示对过去的推测时其后跟“have+过去分词”。2.时态的错用:应通过“时间标志词”判断;通过“时态定义”判断;通过“动作先后顺序”判断。3.语态的错用:被动语态构成错误;系动词没有被动语态;不及物动词或短语无被动语态。4.虚拟语气的错用:条件从句中的虚拟语气,应注意表示与现在、过去、将来相反时从句谓语动词的形式;宾语从句中的虚拟语气,在表示“坚持、命令、建议、要求”等词后的宾语从句中谓语动词用“(should+)动词原形”。5.上下文时态不一致:在上下文语境中,谓语动词的时态应保持一致。1.[2019·全国Ⅲ]Thoughitmayappearsimple,itrequiredalotofideasandefforts.　　答案与解析▶　required→requires　根据may可知,本句时态为一般现在时,且主语为it,故谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。2.[2018·全国Ⅰ]Duringmylastwinterholiday,Iwenttothecountrysidewithmyfathertovisitmygrandparents.Ifindabigchangethere.　　答案与解析▶　find→found　这里讲述的是去年寒假的事情,故此处应用一般过去时,把find改为found。1.[2017·全国Ⅲ]Aboutonemonthafterthisphotowastook...2.[2017·全国Ⅱ]Besides,theyoftengetsomeusefulinformationfromtheInternet.Whensummercame,theywillinvitetheirstudentstopickthefreshvegetables!3.[2016·全国Ⅰ]Everydayhemakessurethatfreshvegetablesandhighqualityoilareusingforcooking.4.[2016·全国Ⅱ]Someclassmatessuggestwecangotoplacesofinterestnearby.　　答案与解析▶1.took→taken　由语境可知此处表示被动,一般过去时的被动语态的结构为“was/were+及物动词的过去分词”。take的过去分词为taken。2.came→comes　when引导时间状语从句,如果主句是一般将来时,从句通常用一般现在时表示将来。3.using→used　freshvegetablesandhighqualityoil与use之间为动宾关系,故此处应用被动语态。4.去掉can或can→should　suggest在此处表示“建议”,后跟宾语从句时,从句中的谓语动词应用虚拟语气,故此处用“should+动词原形”,should可省略。考点2　非谓语动词的错用该考点主要考查动词不定式、v-ing形式以及过去分词的用法、谓语动词与非谓语动词的混用、并列结构中非谓语动词的误用等。 1.不定式符号to的多余:在感官动词和使役动词(get除外)后面跟不带to的不定式作宾补。2.不定式符号to的缺失:有些动词,如want、decide、plan等后应接带to的不定式作宾语。3.误把非谓语动词用作谓语动词:句中已有谓语动词,且另一动词不作并列谓语,则只能用非谓语动词。4.现在分词与过去分词的错用:现在分词表主动、进行;过去分词表被动、完成;现在分词转化的形容词表示“令人……的”,常修饰物;而过去分词转化的形容词表示“感到……的”,常修饰人。5.介词to与不定式符号to的用法区别:不定式符号to后接动词原形,而介词to后跟动名词形式。1.[2019·全国Ⅱ]OnewasthatIwasamazingatthefactthatasickpersoncouldfeelmuchbetterafterseeingadoctor.　　答案与解析▶　amazing→amazed　beamazedat“对……感到惊讶”。此处表示人的状态,故将amazing改为amazed。2.[2016·浙江]Hewouldaskwhowewereandpretendnottoknowingus.　　答案与解析▶　knowing→know　pretend后接不定式作宾语,这里是其否定形式,不定式符号to后应该跟动词原形,所以应把knowing改为know。1.[2017·全国Ⅱ]Whensummercomes,theywillinvitetheirstudentspickthefreshvegetables!2.[2016·全国Ⅱ]Wecanchoosebetweenstayingathomeandtakeatrip.3.[2016·全国Ⅲ]IshowedthemIwasindependentbywearstrangeclothes.　　答案与解析▶　1.pick前加to　主句出现了两个动词,分析句子结构可知,这里要将第二个动词变为非谓语动词。invitesbtodosth“邀请某人做某事”,所以把第二个动词变为todo不定式的形式,表目的,故在pick前加上to。2.take→taking　between...and...“在……和……之间”,是固定结构。and前后连接的是并列成分。and前用了动名词staying,所以其后也应用动名词。3.wear→wearing　介词by后应用动名词作宾语。考查角度3▶　形容词和副词 　　该考点主要考查形容词和副词的词性辨析、词义辨析、比较等级以及-ing形式和-ed形式的形容词的辨析等。考点1　形容词之间、副词之间的错用1.意近引起的错用:如many和much都表示“很多”,但many修饰可数名词,much修饰不可数名词。2.形近引起的错用:如hard与hardly虽然形式相近,但词义相差甚远。3.意思重复:如so和very表达同一含义,故不能同时使用。[2017·全国Ⅱ]Intheirsparetime,theyareinterestinginplantingvegetablesintheirgarden...　　答案与解析▶　interesting→interested　由于此句的主语是they,指人,故把interesting改为interested。beinterestedin“对……感兴趣”。1.Muchrareanimalsaredyingout.2.Helikeditsoverymuchthathequicklywalkedintotheshop.3.Ifoundthetestdifficult,butItriedhardlytodoit.　　答案与解析▶　1.Much→Many　much修饰不可数名词,many修饰可数名词复数,animals为复数形式,故把Much改为Many。2.去掉very　此处为so...that...句式,so和very表达的意思重复,故应去掉very。3.hardly→hard　此处应用hard表示“努力地”,而hardly表示“几乎不”。考点2　形容词和副词比较等级的错用1.原级与比较等级的错用:比较等级一般都有比较的范围;有些词本身就含有最高级含义,不能再用最高级,如favorite、wonderful等;有些词不与than连用却有比较意义,如beseniorto等。2.比较级的重复:若形容词和副词后面加了-er,前面就不能再用more。1.[2019·全国Ⅱ]OnewasthatIwasamazedatthefactthatasickpersoncouldfeelmuchmorebetterafterseeingadoctor.　　答案与解析▶　去掉more　much修饰well的比较级better,表示程度。2.[2018·全国Ⅲ]Iwasafraidtospeakinfrontofalargergroupofpeople.　　答案与解析▶　larger→large　此处指一大群人,上下文中无比较对象。1.[2016·全国Ⅲ]Theywerealsothebestandworseyearsinmylife. 2.[2016·四川]ThedishesthatIcookedwereMom?sfavoritest.　　答案与解析▶　1.worse→worst　and之前用了best,与best并列的词也应用最高级。2.favoritest→favorite　favorite本身含有最高级意义,无最高级形式。考点3　形容词与副词、形容词与名词的错用1.形容词与副词的错用:一般来说,作定语和表语用形容词;作状语用副词,一般用副词修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子。2.误把形容词用作名词:一般来说,对名词或代词的描述用形容词。1.[2019·全国Ⅲ]WhatIwantisnotjustanordinarilycafebutaveryspecialone.答案与解析▶　ordinarily→ordinary　此处应用形容词作cafe的定语,故将ordinarily改为ordinary。2.[2018·全国Ⅰ]Ifelthappilythattheirlifehadimproved.　　答案与解析▶　happily→happy　feel在句中是系动词,意为“觉得”,后面应用形容词作表语。1.[2016·全国Ⅲ]Atonetime,Ievenfeltmyparentscouldn?tunderstandmesoIhopedIcouldbefreelyfromthem.2.DadandIwereterribleworried.　　答案与解析▶1.freely→free　befreefrom“摆脱”。2.terrible→terribly　修饰形容词worried应用副词。对点集训(三十五)(时间:50分钟)Ⅰ.单句改错(名词的误用)1.[2019·全国Ⅱ]SinceIwasakid,I?veconsidereddifferentjobIwouldliketodo. 2.[2019·全国Ⅲ]Iwishtohaveachainofcafesinmanydifferentcity. 3.[2017·全国Ⅱ]...theyoftengetsomeusefulinformationsfromtheInternet. 4.[2016·浙江]WhenIwasaveryyoungchildren,myfathercreatedaregularpracticeIrememberwellyearslater. 5.[2016·全国Ⅱ]Ifwegoonatripabroad,wecanbroadenourviewandgainknowledgeswecannotgetfrombooks. 6.Theairswebreatheinisgettingdirtieranddirtier. 7.Oneday,littleTonywenttoashoppingcenterwithhisparent.Itwasverycrowded....heturnedaroundandfoundthathisparentsweremissing. 8.Sincethen—foralltheseyear—wehavebeenallowingtomatoestoself-seedwheretheyplease.  9.Forexample,wecandoreadingforoneandahalfhourandplaysportsforonehoureveryday. 10.Hewastall,withbroadshoulderandabeardthatturnedfromblacktograyovertheyears. 11.WhenteagotpopularinBritain,therewasacryingneedforgoodcupwithhandlestosuitBritishhabits. 12.FromthetimeIwasaboutfouruntilIwasaboutsix,Idestroyedeachofmytoy. 13.Itfeltverystrangetotravelwithoutanyluggages. 14.IhaveastrongbeliefsthatonedayChinesestudentscanbuythesetickets,too. 15.About20percentofbabyfeelnervouswhentheyseestrangers. 16.Youcan?tlegallytakepossessionsofthepropertyuntilthreeweeksafterthecontractissigned. 17.Thestudentswithhobbiesleftschoolwithmanyextraskill. 18.What?smore,theyimpressedusdeeplywiththeirunusualconfidencesandperformances. 　　答案与解析▶　1.job→jobs　job是可数名词,其前有different修饰,“不同的工作”是复数概念,故此处用jobs。2.city→cities　manydifferent后面应用city的复数形式。3.informations→information　information是不可数名词,没有复数形式。4.children→child　根据句中的Iwasa可知,其后名词应该用单数。5.knowledges→knowledge　knowledge为不可数名词,没有复数形式。6.airs→air　air表示“空气”时是不可数名词,没有复数形式。谓语动词isgetting也是提示。7.parent→parents　根据下文中的hisparentsweremissing可知,此处要用复数parents。8.year→years　these后应接可数名词复数。9.第1个hour→hours　oneandahalf修饰可数名词的复数,故第1个hour用复数。10.shoulder→shoulders　根据常识可知,肩有左肩和右肩,因此shoulder通常用复数。11.cup→cups　根据handles可知,cup应用复数。12.toy→toys　eachof后接可数名词复数。13.luggages→luggage　luggage是不可数名词,没有复数形式。14.beliefs→belief　根据astrong可知,belief用单数形式。15.baby→babies　baby是可数名词,前面有百分数修饰,且谓语动词是复数形式,故用复数形式babies。16.possessions→possession　takepossessionof“拥有;占有”,为固定搭配。17.skill→skills　many修饰可数名词复数。18.confidences→confidence　confidence表示“自信”之意时是不可数名词,没有复数形式。Ⅱ.短文改错(滚动考点)Passage1 [2020·月考]Threeyearsago,IwenttotheSunshineCoastinThailandandtakemyfirstadventuretoanunderwaterworld.Pattaya,afascinatingplace,whichattractsmanytouristfromaroundtheworldeveryyear.Iwasfillingwithexcitementbecausethiswasmyfirsttriptotheseaside.Theseawasasblueastheskyandbathedinthesunshineonthebeachwasreallyanenjoyablything.ThenIstartedmyunderwatertrip.Atbeginning,Ihadahardtimeadaptmyeyestothewaterpressure,butafterawhile,Iwasinaparadise(天堂)!Iwasamazedwiththebrightnessofthetropicalfish,thebeautyoftheseahorsesasgoodasthepowerofthesharks.　　答案▶　Threeyearsago,IwenttotheSunshineCoastinThailandandtake tookmyfirstadventuretoanunderwaterworld.Pattaya,afascinatingplace,whichattractsmanytourist touristsfromaroundtheworldeveryyear.Iwasfilling filledwithexcitementbecausethiswasmyfirsttriptotheseaside.Theseawasasblueastheskyandbathed bathinginthesunshineonthebeachwasreallyanenjoyably enjoyablething.ThenIstartedmyunderwatertrip.At∧thebeginning,Ihadahardtimeadapt adaptingmyeyestothewaterpressure,butafterawhile,Iwasinaparadise!Iwasamazedwith at/bythebrightnessofthetropicalfish,thebeautyoftheseahorsesasgood wellasthepowerofthesharks.Passage2ThereisnodoubtthattheInternetchangedourlifesinceitcameintouse.PeoplecansurftheInternetforanyinformationweneedinashorttimewithoutconsumelargeamountsoftimeinthelibrary.Besides,itisconvenienttocommunicatingwithothersviatheInternet.However,theInternetalsohassomedisadvantage.Foronething,thereismuchinformationthatarenotgoodforchildren.Foranother,manystudentsspendtoomuchtimeplayinggamesonline,thatnotonlyinfluencestheirstudiesbutalsoharmstheirhealth.Onmyview,weshouldmakeaproperuseoftheInternet.Itisofgreatimportantforustoseparategoodplantsfromwildweeds.答案▶　 ThereisnodoubtthattheInternet∧haschangedourlifesinceitcameintouse.PeoplecansurftheInternetforanyinformationwe theyneedinashorttimewithoutconsumeconsuminglargeamountsoftimeinthelibrary.Besides,itisconvenienttocommunicatingcommunicatewithothersviatheInternet.However,theInternetalsohassomedisadvantagedisadvantages.Foronething,thereismuchinformationthatareisnotgoodforchildren.Foranother,manystudentsspendtoomuchtimeplayinggamesonline,thatwhichnotonlyinfluencestheirstudiesbutalsoharmstheirhealth.On Inmyview,weshouldmakeaproperuseoftheInternet.Itisofgreatimportantimportanceforustoseparategoodplantsfromwildweeds.Passage3Nowadaysthereisanincreasinglynumberofpeoplewholovemountainclimbing.Indeed,itisanawesomeoutdoorsport,whichcanofferusachancetogetclosetothenature.Whileclimbingamountain,wecanenjoybeautifulviewsalongthewayandtotallyrelaxusaftertiringworkorstudy.Besides,itcannotonlybenefitourhealthbutalsoshapesourcharacter.Moreover,mountainclimbingisalsolikelytocausesomenegativeeffects.Somepeoplealwaysthrewawayemptybottlesorgarbagebagsalongthepath,whichhavebecomearealheadacheforthecleaners.What?sworse,manyforestfiresarecausedbycigaretteendleftbehindcarelesslybysomesmokers.Tosumup,mountainclimbingisasportworthjoinin.Butwemustpayattentionthetwoproblemsmentionedabove.　　答案▶　Nowadaysthereisanincreasingly increasingnumberofpeoplewholovemountainclimbing.Indeed,itisanawesomeoutdoorsport,whichcanofferusachancetogetclosetothenature.Whileclimbingamountain,wecanenjoybeautifulviewsalongthewayandtotallyrelaxus ourselvesaftertiringworkorstudy.Besides,itcannotonlybenefitourhealthbutalsoshapes shapeourcharacter.Moreover However,mountainclimbingisalsolikelytocausesomenegativeeffects.Somepeoplealwaysthrew throwawayemptybottlesorgarbagebagsalongthepath,whichhave hasbecomearealheadacheforthecleaners.What?sworse,manyforestfiresarecaused bycigaretteend endsleftbehindcarelesslybysomesmokers.Tosumup,mountainclimbingisasportworthjoin joiningin.Butwemustpayattention∧tothetwoproblemsmentionedabove.Passage4[2020·福建师大附中模拟]Whenhewas12,Ibelievedhonestshouldalwaysberewarded.Oneafternoon,IwasplayingfootballwithmycompanionswhenaccidentallyIkicktheballthroughanearbyapartment?swindow.Thecrashingsoundwasfollowedbykids?runningfromalldirectionsandscreamed,“Run!Noonewilltell.”Insteadofrunningaway,Iwenttotheapartmentownerwithouthesitationexpectingpraiseforbeinghonest,sohelaughed,saying,“I?veneverseenakidinformagainst(告发)himself.Whatsillyboy!”Ifeltbadhurt.WhenIgethome,mymothersaid,“Remember:regardlessofwhathesaid,prideinyourselfwillalwaysbeyourreward.”ThisisanexperienceIwillneverforgetit.　　答案▶　Whenhe Iwas12,Ibelievedhonest honestyshouldalwaysberewarded.Oneafternoon,IwasplayingfootballwithmycompanionswhenaccidentallyIkick kickedtheballthroughanearbyapartment?swindow.Thecrashingsoundwasfollowedbykids?runningfrom inalldirectionsandscreamed screaming,“Run!Noonewilltell.”Insteadofrunningaway,Iwenttotheapartmentownerwithouthesitationexpectingpraiseforbeinghonest,so buthelaughed,saying,“I?veneverseenakidinformagainsthimself.What∧asillyboy!”Ifeltbad badlyhurt.WhenIget gothome,mymothersaid,“Remember:regardlessofwhathesaid,prideinyourselfwillalwaysbeyourreward.”ThisisanexperienceIwillneverforgetit.对点集训(三十六)(时间:50分钟)Ⅰ.单句改错(谓语动词的误用)1.[2019·全国Ⅱ]OnewasthatIwasamazedatthefactthatasickpersoncouldfeelmuchbetterafterseeingadoctor.AndtheotheristhatIwantedtohelppeopleinneed. 2.[2018·全国Ⅱ]StillIwasunwillingtoplaythegameswiththemsometimes.Ididn?trealizehowrightmyparentsareuntilIenteredhighschool. 3.[2018·全国Ⅲ]ItwasMondaymorning,andthewritingclasshadjustbegin.Everyonewassilent,waitingtoseewhowouldbecalledupontoreadhisorherparagraphaloud.  4.[2017·全国Ⅰ]...onceIstartedthecar,mymindgoesblank.Iforgotwhathehadsaidtomealtogether. 5.[2017·全国Ⅲ]Ihadgrownnotonlyphysically,butalsomentallyinthepastfewyears. 6.[2016·浙江]Hewouldaskwhowewasandpretendnottoknowus. 7.Mydreamschoollooklikeabiggarden.Thereareallkindsofflowersandtreesaroundtheclassroombuildings. 8.Theearlymorningbarkinghavebeendisturbingusasweareoftenupallnightwiththebaby. 9.I?mafraidbythetimeyouarrivethisafternoonIwillbehavealessonthen. 10.Ifyouwanttoknowwhatwashappenedthatday,pleaseaskthepolice. 11.Hardlyhadthedoctorgonetobedwhenthereisaknockonthedoor. 12.TrulyelegantchopsticksmightbemakingofgoldandsilverwithChinesecharacters. 13.Asyougothroughthisbook,youwillbefindthateachofthemillionsofpeoplewholivedthroughWorldWarⅡhadadifferentexperience. 14.Themanwasfiredbecausehepromisedtobepunctualbutwaslateagainthismorning. 15.Pardon,butIdidn?tquitefollowwhatyousayjustnow. 16.Tomydelight,Iwaschoosingfromhundredsofapplicantstoattendtheopeningceremony. 17.Martyhasbeenwrittenhisbookandhethinkshe?llhavefinisheditbyFriday. 18.Thereexistnowaparkthathasasmallriverrunningthrough. 19.Youdosaythatyouwouldlendyourbiketomeyesterday. 　　答案与解析▶　1.is→was　根据语境可知,此处讲述过去的事情。2.are→were　根据语境可知,此处应用一般过去时。3.begin→begun　根据语境可知,此处谓语动词所表示的动作发生在过去的过去,因此谓语动词应用过去完成时,过去完成时的构成是haddone。4.goes→went　结合上下文语境可知,此处描述的是过去的经历,时态应保持一致,应用一般过去时。5.had→have　根据时间状语inthepastfewyears可知,此处应用现在完成时。6.was→were　宾语从句中的主语是we,故其后的be动词用were。7.look→looks　主语Mydreamschool是单数,故谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。8.have→has　主语Theearlymorningbarking为单数,故把have改为has。9.have→having　句意:恐怕当你今天下午到达的时候,我正在上课。根据语境可知,这里应用将来进行时。 10.去掉was　happen是不及物动词,没有被动语态。11.is→was　在“hardly...when...”结构中,从句使用一般过去时,主句使用过去完成时。12.making→made　make与句子主语之间为动宾关系,bemadeof“由……制成”。13.去掉be　一般将来时表示将要发生的动作或情况。其构成形式之一为“will+动词原形”。14.promised前加had　根据语境可知,此处谓语动词所表示的动作发生在过去的过去,应用过去完成时。15.say→said　根据didn?t和justnow可知,此处应用一般过去时。16.choosing→chosen　choose与其主语I之间为动宾关系,故应该用被动语态。17.written→writing　现在完成进行时表示从过去某时到现在一直进行的动作,其构成是“have/hasbeendoing”。18.exist→exists　此句为倒装句,主语为apark,所以谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。19.do→did　由yesterday可知此处用一般过去时,故应把do改为did。Ⅱ.短文改错(滚动考点)Passage1Lastweekend,ourschoolorganizedaactivitytowelcometheforeignstudentsfromZhongshanUniversity.Itlastabout3hours.Wetalkedandlaughedhappyduringthewholeactivity.WhichimpressedmemostwasthattheyallweregoodatspeakingbothEnglishorChinese.Theyalsotoldusthatitwasnecessarytomastersomesocialskillslikehowdealwithdifferentpeopleanddifficultthings.Ibenefitalotfromtheactivity,whichmakesmeunderstoodthatifwewanttobemuchmoresuitableforthemodernsociety,youshouldbeexcellentenough.Ilikethiskindofactivitybecauseofitgivesusachancetocommunicatewithforeigner,knowtheircultureandenrichourexperiences.　　答案▶　Lastweekend,ourschoolorganizeda anactivitytowelcometheforeignstudentsfromZhongshanUniversity.Itlast lastedabout3hours.Wetalkedandlaughedhappy happilyduringthewholeactivity.Which WhatimpressedmemostwasthattheyallweregoodatspeakingbothEnglishor andChinese.Theyalsotoldusthatitwasnecessarytomastersomesocialskillslikehow∧todealwithdifferentpeopleanddifficultthings.Ibenefitalotfromtheactivity,whichmakesmeunderstood understandthatifwewanttobemuchmoresuitableforthemodernsociety,you weshouldbeexcellentenough.Ilikethiskindofactivitybecauseofitgivesusachancetocommunicatewithforeigner foreigners,knowtheircultureandenrichourexperiences.Passage2 [2020·江西上饶模拟]ThiseveningIwasabouttopayforthatIhadchosenintheshopwhenIfoundIdidn?thaveenoughmoney.WhenIbegantoremovesomeitem,anothershopperhandsmetwentyyuan.Havingbeenrefusedbyme,themantoldmestory.Hismotherwasseriousillinhospital.Everydayhevisitedherandbroughtherselfseveralflowers.Thismorninghewenttothereasusualbuthismothergotangrywithhimforspendtoomuchmoneyonflowers.Shedemandedhedidsomethingmoremeaningfulwiththatmoney.Ifinallyacceptedhisofferandthankedthemanandhismotherfortheirkind.　　答案▶　ThiseveningIwasabouttopayforthat whatIhadchosenintheshopwhenIfoundIdidn?thaveenoughmoney.WhenIbegantoremovesomeitem items,anothershopperhands handedmetwentyyuan.Havingbeenrefusedbyme,themantoldme∧astory.Hismotherwasserious seriouslyillinhospital.Everydayhevisitedherandbroughtherself herseveralflowers.Thismorninghewenttothereasusualbuthismothergotangrywithhimforspend spendingtoomuchmoneyonflowers.Shedemandedhedid dosomethingmoremeaningfulwiththatmoney.Ifinallyacceptedhisofferandthankedthemanandhismotherfortheirkind kindness.Passage3[2020·河南豫东名校模拟]MysonandIwenttothecafethismorning.Iorderacupofnicecoffeeandacake.AndIboughtformysonacupofhotmilk.Mysonsoonstartedaconversationwithamensittingnexttous.Iwasverysurprisingbecausehewasnotrealoutgoing.Afterthemanleft,Iaskedmysonwhenhetalkedwiththatman.Mysonsaid,“Helookedlonely,andIwantedmakehimfeelalittlebetter.”Afterhearwhathesaid,Iwasveryproudofheratthatmoment.　　答案▶　MysonandIwenttothe acafethismorning.Iorder orderedacupofnicecoffeeandacake.AndIboughtformysonacupofhotmilk.Mysonsoonstartedaconversationwithamen mansittingnexttous.Iwasverysurprising surprisedbecausehewasnotreal reallyoutgoing.Afterthe manleft,Iaskedmysonwhen whyhetalkedwiththatman.Mysonsaid,“Helookedlonely,andIwanted∧tomakehimfeelalittlebetter.”Afterhear hearingwhathesaid,Iwasveryproudofher himatthatmoment.Passage4Oneofthemostimportantruleoffindinghappinessinlifeistodowhatyoulove.IrememberwhenmymomtakesmetoanEnglishclassinprimaryschool,IsuddenlyfoundthatlearnEnglishwasfunandIreallyenjoyedit.Thevoiceatthebottomofmyheartsaid,“MaybeIcanlearnEnglishwellandbecomeEnglishteacher.”Itwasnoteasyatfirst.Foralmostoneandahalfyear,Ididn?tdoverywellinallmyEnglishexams.Disappointingandfrustrated,IdoubtedthatwhetherIcouldfollowmydream.ButItoldmenottoacceptthereality.Gradual,mygradesstartedtoimproveandIhadmuchconfidencethanbefore.答案▶　Oneofthemostimportantrulerulesoffindinghappinessinlifeistodowhatyoulove.IrememberwhenmymomtakestookmetoanEnglishclassinprimaryschool,IsuddenlyfoundthatlearnlearningEnglishwasfunandIreallyenjoyedit.Thevoiceatthebottomofmyheartsaid,“MaybeIcanlearnEnglishwellandbecome∧anEnglishteacher.”Itwasnoteasyatfirst.Foralmostoneandahalfyearyears,Ididn?tdoverywellinallmyEnglishexams.DisappointingDisappointedandfrustrated,IdoubtedthatwhetherIcouldfollowmydream.ButItoldmemyselfnottoacceptthereality.GradualGradually,mygradesstartedtoimproveandIhadmuchmoreconfidencethanbefore.对点集训(三十七)(时间:50分钟)Ⅰ.单句改错(非谓语动词的误用)1.[2019·全国Ⅲ]I?vehadmanydreamssinceIwasachild.Nowmydreamistoopensacafe. 2.[2019·全国Ⅲ]Iwantmycafehaveaspecialthemesuchas“TangDynasty”. 3.[2019·全国Ⅲ]IfIsucceedinmanageone,Iwillopenmore. 4.[2018·全国Ⅱ]Asakid,Ilovedtowatchcartoons,butnomatterhowmanytimesIaskedtowatchingthem,myparentswouldnotletme.  5.[2018·全国Ⅰ]Mygrandpasaidlastsummertheyearnedquitealotbysellthefish. 6.Weallenjoyedthepreciousdaygreatly,rememberthetimewespenttogether. 7.Seeingfromthetopofthehill,thegardenlooksmorebeautiful. 8.IfindthattheneighborhoodwhichIusedtolivinginhaschangedalot. 9.Evenwhenitcomestoshakehands,ladiescomefirst. 10.I,togetherwithmytwofriends,waseatingdinnerataChineserestaurant,locatinginthecenterofNewYork. 11.Whilewaitforthebus,hetookouthiscellphonetomakeaphonecall. 12.WithallthemagazinesIneededbuy,Ileftthepostoffice. 13.Hewavedtohismothertomakehimselfseeinthecrowd. 14.Ourcompanyisgoingonverywell.Employdozensoflocalwomen,weproducehandmadegoodswithuniquedesignsthatsellwelloverseas. 15.Peopleprobablycookedtheirfoodinlargepots,usedtwigs(树枝)toremoveit. 16.Cathyinsistedonbeingsendingwhereshewasmostneeded. 17.Heardthealarm,allthepeopleranoutofthebuilding. 18.Butnowweoftendiscussandtrytosolvetheproblemsraisingbytheteachersorourselves. 　　答案与解析▶1.opens→open　此处to与动词原形连用构成动词不定式作表语,故将opens改为open。2.have前加to　wantsb/sthtodosth是固定结构,意为“希望某人/某物做某事”。3.manage→managing　succeedindoingsth是固定结构,意为“成功做某事”,故将manage改为managing。4.watching→watch　asktodosth意为“请求做某事”。5.sell→selling　介词by后应用动名词作宾语。6.remember→remembering　句中已有谓语动词enjoyed,因此remember应用非谓语动词形式;remember与主语We之间构成逻辑上的主谓关系,故用现在分词形式。7.Seeing→Seen　see与thegarden在逻辑上存在动宾关系,因此用过去分词形式。8.living→live　usedtodosth“过去常常做某事”,beusedtodoingsth“习惯做某事”。9.shake→shaking　在“whenitcomesto...”句型中,to为介词,所以其后要用动名词作to的宾语。10.locating→located　(be)locatedin...为固定用法,意为“坐落于……”。11.wait→waiting　wait与其逻辑主语he为主谓关系,且与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生,故使用现在分词形式。12.buy→bought　buy与其逻辑主语magazines是动宾关系,故使用过去分词形式。13.see→seen　see与himself在逻辑上为动宾关系,故使用过去分词形式。 14.Employ→Employing　第二个句子的主语we是employ这一动作的执行者,故此处用现在分词形式。15.used→using　use与People在逻辑上为主谓关系,故使用现在分词形式。16.sending→sent　send与Cathy在逻辑上为动宾关系,故使用过去分词形式。17.Heard→Hearing　hear与allthepeople为逻辑上的主谓关系,故使用现在分词形式。18.raising→raised　根据by可知,此处应用过去分词作后置定语。Ⅱ.短文改错(滚动考点)Passage1[2020·贵阳三中月考]IwasabouttogobackhomeafterschoolwhileIheardsomeonecryingnearby.Ilookedaroundandfoundtheboysittingontheground.Iwentuptohimandaskgentlywhathadhappened.Theboylookedatme,stillcrying,pointedouttoaballinadeepholeandtoldmeeverything.Idecidedlendhimahand,andtheballwasoutofmyreach.WherecouldIgettheball?Ithoughtitoverandthenhadanidea.Iquicklyfetchedsomebottleofwaterandpoureditintothehole.Withthewaterrise,theballfloatedup.Theboygottheballhappyandexpressedhisthanksformyhelp.　　答案▶　Iwasabouttogobackhomeafterschoolwhile whenIheardsomeonecryingnearby.Ilookedaroundandfoundthe aboysittingontheground.Iwentuptohimandask askedgentlywhathadhappened.Theboylookedatme,stillcrying,pointedouttoaballinadeepholeandtoldmeeverything.Idecided∧tolendhimahand,and buttheballwasoutofmyreach.Where HowcouldIgettheball?Ithoughtitoverandthenhadanidea.Iquicklyfetchedsomebottle bottlesofwaterandpoureditintothehole.Withthewaterrise rising,theballfloatedup.Theboygottheballhappy happilyandexpressedhisthanksformyhelp.Passage2Thatnightwasextremelyhot,soIopenedallthewindowsanddoors.Gradually,Ifallasleep.ItsuddenlyrainedheavyinthemidnightandIfeltcold.ThenextmorningIwasill.Mothertookmetothehospital,andthedoctorsaidIhadthefeverandthatImuststayinbedinacoupleofdays.Backathome,Itooksomemedicineandsoonfeltmuchwell.Feelingboring,Iwalkedtothebalconyandstoodtherewatchingpeoplecomeandgoinginthestreet.Thewindwascoolaftertherain.InawhileIfeltsocoldmybodywastrembling.Iwasrushedtothehospitalsagain.ThistimeIstayedthereuntilIwasfullyrecovered. 　　答案▶　Thatnightwasextremelyhot,soIopenedallthewindowsanddoors.Gradually,Ifall fellasleep.Itsuddenlyrainedheavy heavilyinthemidnightandIfeltcold.ThenextmorningIwasill.Mothertookmetothehospital,andthedoctorsaidIhadthe afeverandthatImuststayinbedin foracoupleofdays.Backathome,Itooksomemedicineandsoonfeltmuchwell better.Feelingboring bored,Iwalkedtothebalconyandstoodtherewatchingpeoplecome comingandgoinginthestreet.Thewindwascoolaftertherain.InawhileIfeltsocold∧thatmybodywastrembling.Iwasrushedtothehospitals hospitalagain.ThistimeIstayedthereuntilIwasfullyrecovered.Passage3Theotherday,IwasonmywaybackhomefromschoolwhenIfoundalittleboycriedontheroad.Istoppedandaskedhimwhatisthematter,andhetoldmehecouldn?tfindhismom.Luckily,herememberedhismother?stelephonenumber.SoIcalledhimimmediately.Tenminutelater,theboysawhismomandbecameexciting.Hismomwassomuchthankfulthatshewantedtobuymeasmallgift,andIrefused.Atthattime,IfeltquitehappilybecauseIdidsomethingreallygood.Tomyopinion,theworldneedsloveandweshouldbewillingtohelpothersandaskfornothinginreturn.Ifwewantareward,asmatteroffact,a“thank-you”isenough.　　答案▶　Theotherday,IwasonmywaybackhomefromschoolwhenIfoundalittleboycried cryingontheroad.Istoppedandaskedhimwhatis wasthematter,andhetoldmehecouldn?tfindhismom.Luckily,herememberedhismother?stelephonenumber.SoIcalledhim herimmediately.Tenminute minuteslater,theboysawhismomandbecameexciting excited.Hismomwassomuchthankfulthatshewantedtobuymeasmallgift,and butIrefused.Atthattime,Ifeltquitehappily happybecauseIdidsomethingreallygood. To Inmyopinion,theworldneedsloveandweshouldbewillingtohelpothersandaskfornothinginreturn.Ifwewantareward,as∧amatteroffact,a“thank-you”isenough.Passage4[2020·湖北十堰模拟]Inrecentyears,therehavebeenmoreandmoreConfuciusInstitutesbeingbuiltallovertheworld,thatshowsourChineseculturehasbecomemuchmorepopularthanever.Asoneoffourancientcivilizations,Chinahascreatedmanysplendidcultureswithintheirlonghistoryinthepastcenturies.TheancientChinesecultureoncehasgreatinfluencesontheworld?scivilization,especiallyinJapanandotherAsiancountry.TheChinesecultureisslowaccumulatedinthewholeChinesehistory,madeitcolorfulandbrilliant.IfoneplannedtoknoworstudyChineseculturemoredeeply,heorshemustspendmuchtime.　　答案▶　Inrecentyears,therehavebeenmoreandmoreConfuciusInstitutesbeingbuiltallovertheworld,that whichshowsourChineseculturehasbecomemuchmorepopularthanever.Asoneof∧thefourancientcivilizations,Chinahascreatedmanysplendidcultureswithintheir itslonghistoryinthepastcenturies.TheancientChinesecultureoncehas hadgreatinfluencesontheworld?scivilization,especiallyinJapanandotherAsiancountry countries.TheChinesecultureisslow slowlyaccumulatedinthewholeChinesehistory,made makingitcolorfulandbrilliant.Ifoneplanned planstoknoworstudyChineseculturemoredeeply,heorshemustspendmuch moretime.对点集训(三十八)(时间:50分钟)Ⅰ.单句改错(形容词和副词的误用)1.[2019·全国Ⅰ]Istoppedtheballandkickedithardlybacktotheplayground. 2.[2019·全国Ⅰ]Fromnowon,Istartedtoplayfootballwithclassmatesafterschool.Iamagoodplayernow. 3.[2019·全国Ⅱ]Then,whenIwasinthefifthgrade,IwantedtobeateacherbecauseIlikedmyEnglishteachertoomuch. 4.[2018·全国Ⅲ]Immediate,Iraisedmyhand. 5.[2017·全国Ⅰ]ItwasareliefandIcametoasuddenlystopjustinthemiddleoftheroad.  6.[2017·全国Ⅱ]Theyoftengetupearlierandwaterthevegetablestogether. 7.[2017·全国Ⅱ]Theyhavealsoboughtsomegardeningtools.Beside,theyoftengetsomeusefulinformationfromtheInternet. 8.[2017·全国Ⅲ]Ienjoyedstudyingdifferentkindsofcarsandplanes,playingpopmusic,andcollectingthelatemusicalbums. 9.Lotsofstudieshaveshownthatglobalwarminghasalreadybecomeaveryseriouslyproblem. 10.Wecouldseeveryclearastrangelightaheadofus. 11.First,figureoutthemainlyreasonwhyyouhateschool.Isitthestudypressureortheschoolenvironment? 12.Whenhelookedup,hesuddenlyfoundhimselfsurroundedbyagroupofteenagers,whowerelookingathimanxious. 13.Thisbookisn?tascheaperasthatone. 14.TheYellowRiveristhesecondlongerriverinChina. 15.Anyway,I?llgetusedtolivinghereandhopeeverythingwillbemorebettersoon. 16.Rememberthatthreeregularmealsadayaswellasabalancedietareessentialforus. 　　答案与解析▶　1.hardly→hard　句意:我截住了球并用力地将它踢回操场。hardly意为“几乎不”,hard意为“用力地”,故将hardly改为hard。2.now→then　此处讲述的是过去的事情,fromthenon意为“从那时起”。3.too→very/so　verymuch/somuch表示程度,意为“很;非常”。toomuch意为“太多”,不符合语境。4.Immediate→Immediately　此处应用副词作状语,修饰整个句子。5.suddenly→sudden　修饰名词stop应用形容词,故将suddenly改为sudden。6.earlier→early　由句子中的副词often可知,谓语动词表示经常发生的动作,无比较的对象,故此处须用原级。7.Beside→Besides　beside是介词,根据语境可知,此处应用副词。8.late→latest　thelatestmusicalbums“最新的音乐专辑”。9.seriously→serious　此处用形容词作定语,修饰后面的名词problem。10.clear→clearly　修饰动词see应用clear的副词形式。11.mainly→main　修饰名词reason应用形容词,故将mainly改为main。12.anxious→anxiously　此处应用副词修饰前面的动词短语。13.cheaper→cheap　“as+形容词或副词的原级+as”为固定结构。14.longer→longest　thesecondlongestriver表示“第二长河”。15.去掉more或more→much　两个比较级不能同时出现。16.balance→balanced　此处应用形容词修饰名词diet,故将balance改为balanced。 Ⅱ.短文改错(滚动考点)Passage1[2020·辽宁省重点中学联考]WhenIgrowup,I?llworkwithanimals.ThoughIdon?tknowexactlyhowIcandofortheanimalsyet,Icanatleasttofollowmybrother.Heisaexcellentvet.Helookedafterfrighteningsnakes.Hesaysthatsnakesareeasytodealastheydon?thaveanylegs.Myfather,ascientist,workstosaverarelybirds,someofthatarereallycleverandcanevensaysomewords.Mymothertrainsdolphinseveryworkday.Theypractiseinthepool.Shehearsthedolphinstalkandsang.Thatsoundsreallycool!Therearesomanyanimaljobtochoosefrom,butwhichonewasrightforme?I?llhavetowaitandsee!　　答案▶　WhenIgrowup,I?llworkwithanimals.ThoughIdon?tknowexactlyhow whatIcandofortheanimalsyet,Icanatleasttofollowmybrother.Heisa anexcellentvet.Helooked looksafterfrighteningsnakes.Hesaysthatsnakesareeasytodeal∧withastheydon?thaveanylegs.Myfather,ascientist,workstosaverarely rarebirds,someofthat whicharereallycleverandcanevensaysomewords.Mymothertrainsdolphinseveryworkday.Theypractiseinthepool.Shehearsthedolphinstalkandsang sing.Thatsoundsreallycool!Therearesomanyanimaljob jobstochoosefrom,butwhichonewas isrightforme?I?llhavetowaitandsee!Passage2It?sbeenaweekafterweleftyourfamilyandwearenowbackhome.Thankyouverymuchforshowingthemaroundyourcityandprovidingusforthewonderfulmeals.Afterwesaygood-byetoyou,wewenttoWashingtonDC,inthatwestayedforthreedays.Mybrotherwassofondofthemuseumstherethathewasbeggedmyparentstostayinganothercoupleofdays.However,myfatherhadtoreturnworkonMondaysoweflewbacklastSaturday.Itwasrealaniceexperience.Ifyou?dliketovisitourcitysomeday,Iwillbehappilytobeyourguide.　　答案▶　It?sbeenaweekafter sinceweleftyourfamilyandwearenowbackhome.Thankyouverymuchforshowingthem usaroundyourcityandprovidingusfor withthewonderfulmeals.Afterwesay saidgood-byetoyou,wewenttoWashingtonDC,inthat whichwestayedforthreedays. Mybrotherwassofondofthemuseumstherethathewasbeggedmyparentstostaying stayanothercoupleofdays.However,myfatherhadtoreturn∧toworkonMondaysoweflewbacklastSaturday.Itwasreal reallyaniceexperience.Ifyou?dliketovisitourcitysomeday,Iwillbehappily happytobeyourguide.Passage3[2020·山西晋中模拟]Aspokesmanforuniformsupplierssaysthatmanyofushaveahugevarietyofclothinourwardrobes(衣柜),andpickinghowtowearcanbeanightmare.First,youhavetoconsiderofthedresscode(着装规定)whereyouworkorwhereyouaregoing.Youalsohaveconsiderwhetheranoutfitispracticeandsuitablefortheweather.Youdon?twanttowearsomethingthatisinappropriateandtoocasual,butatthesametimeyoudon?twanttoappearingover-dressed.Thestudyof2,000womenfoundthatsomewomenspendmorethan12minuteseachmorningchoosingwhattowear.Butforothers,thefigurecouldbemuchhigh.　　答案▶　Aspokesmanforuniformsupplierssaysthatmanyofushaveahugevarietyofcloth clothesinourwardrobes,andpickinghow whattowearcanbeanightmare.First,youhavetoconsiderofthedresscodewhereyouworkorwhereyouaregoing.Youalsohave∧toconsiderwhetheranoutfitispractice practicalandsuitablefortheweather.Youdon?twanttowearsomethingthatisinappropriateand ortoocasual,butatthesametimeyoudon?twanttoappearing appearover-dressed.The Astudyof2,000womenfoundthatsomewomenspend spentmorethan12minuteseachmorningchoosingwhattowear.Butforothers,thefigurecouldbemuchhigh higher.Passage4Asmymotherandfatherwerealwaysbusyworking,soIwasoftenathomebymyself.IfeltboringallthetimeandIfeltsorryformyself.Oneday,inmywayhomefromschool,Isawpersonlivinginthepark.Hewaswearingdirtyandworn-outclothes.Hegavemeabigsmilewhenhesawme.Helookedasifhewerethehappiermanintheworld.Lookedathim,I realizedhowluckilyIreallywas.IhaveenoughfoodtoeatandenoughclothestowearandIhadhard-workingparentswhoreallycaredabouthim.IrealizedwhatgratefulIwastomyparentsforallthatIhad.　　答案▶　Asmymotherandfatherwerealwaysbusyworking,soIwasoftenathomebymyself.Ifeltboring boredallthetimeandIfeltsorryformyself.Oneday,in onmywayhomefromschool,Isaw∧apersonlivinginthepark.Hewaswearingdirtyandworn-outclothes.Hegavemeabigsmilewhenhesawme.Helookedasifhewerethehappier happiestmanintheworld.Looked Lookingathim,Irealizedhowluckily luckyIreallywas.Ihave hadenoughfoodtoeatandenoughclothestowearandIhadhard-workingparentswhoreallycaredabouthim me.Irealizedwhat howgratefulIwastomyparentsforallthatIhad.02　短文改错之综合命题考查角度1▶　冠词　　该考点主要考查冠词表示特指和泛指的用法,定冠词和不定冠词的混用,不定冠词a和an的混用,零冠词和非零冠词的混用,冠词的缺失与多余,等。 考点1　冠词的错用1.a和an的错用:以元音音素开头的单词前用an,以辅音音素开头的单词前用a。2.不定冠词和定冠词的错用:表示特指时用定冠词the;表示泛指时用不定冠词a(n)。注意固定搭配中冠词的使用情况。[2019·全国Ⅲ]Eachofmycafeswillhaveadifferentthemeandanuniquestyle.　　答案与解析▶　an→a　当名词或修饰名词的形容词以辅音音素开头时,前面要用不定冠词a。此处unique以辅音音素开头,故将an改为a。1.[2018·全国Ⅱ]Asthekid,Ilovedtowatchcartoons,butnomatterhowmanytimesIaskedtowatchthem,myparentswouldnotletme.2.Besides,Cleotendstobarkaaverageofsixhoursaday.3.Today,Iamgoingtotalkaboutwhatyoushoulddowhenafirealarmgoesoff...Soonthefirefighterswillcomeandputoutafire.　　答案与解析▶1.the→a　此处表示泛指,用不定冠词a。2.第1个a→an　average是以元音音素开头的单词,前面的不定冠词应用an。3.第2个a→the　根据语境可知,此处的fire表示特指,故把a改为the。考点2　冠词的缺失与多余1.单数可数名词前冠词的缺失:一般来说,单数可数名词前应有适当的冠词,表示泛指用a(n),表示特指用the。2.冠词的多余:可数名词复数或不可数名词表示泛指时,其前不用冠词。3.常用固定搭配中冠词的缺失与多余:固定搭配中的冠词是固定的。1.[2018·全国Ⅰ]Duringmylastwinterholiday,Iwenttocountrysidewithmyfathertovisitmygrandparents.　　答案与解析▶　countryside前加the　根据语境可知此处表示特指,countryside前应加the。2.[2017·全国Ⅲ]Aroundmeinpicturearethethingswhichwereveryimportantinmylifeatthattime:carmagazinesandmusicalinstruments.　　答案与解析▶　picture前加the/this　此处特指作者提到的这张照片,故在picture前加定冠词the或指示代词this。Thereareallkindsoftheflowersandtreesaroundtheclassroombuildings.　　答案与解析▶　去掉第1个the　allkindsofflowersandtrees表示“各种各样的花和树”,flowers和trees在此处表示泛指,前面不能加定冠词。考查角度2▶　代词 　　该考点主要考查各类代词的用法、代词指代的人或事物的前后一致性、代词的缺失或多余以及it使用不当等。考点1　代词的错用1.代词的数的错用:人称代词、物主代词以及反身代词等都有单复数之分,要根据上下文确定是用单数还是用复数。2.物主代词的错用:形容词性物主代词相当于形容词,不能单独使用,常用来修饰名词;名词性物主代词相当于名词,常单独使用,不能修饰名词。3.人称代词与物主代词的错用:人称代词表示“谁”,而物主代词表示“谁的”。4.人称代词与反身代词的错用:反身代词是指代主语的,指动作的发出者把动作反射到本人身上。若所用代词与主语不一致,就要用人称代词而不用反身代词。5.代词的指代错误:如果文中出现代词,那么它所代替的词一定存在于上文的某处,要注意它们的一致性。6.不定代词的错用:常见的有many与much,some(thing)与any(thing),other与another,表示两者的both、either、neither,表示三者或三者以上的all、none,等。[2018·全国Ⅰ]ThefirsttimeIwentthere,theywerelivinginasmallhousewithdogs,ducks,andanotheranimals.　　答案与解析▶　another→other　此处表示“有狗、鸭子,还有其他的动物”,所以应该用other。 [2017·全国Ⅲ]Thispictureoftenbringsbacktomemanyhappymemoriesofyourhighschooldays.　　答案与解析▶　your→my　作者以第一人称叙述了这张照片的故事,该句句意为“这张照片经常带给我高中阶段的许多快乐的回忆”,故此处应用代词my。考点2　代词的缺失与多余1.代词的缺失:主要是人称代词与物主代词的缺失。若缺少主语,则考虑是否用人称代词,还要根据上下文考虑名词前是否缺少物主代词。2.代词的多余:主要是定语从句中代词的多余。在定语从句中,若引导词在从句中作宾语,则此时就不能再用it、him或them等作宾语。[2016·全国Ⅲ]Atlast,Iwillbeonmyown,butIstillwanttohavemyparentstoturntowheneverneedhelp.　　答案与解析▶　need前加I　whenever引导让步状语从句,从句缺主语,再根据语境可知应在need前加I。Fiveminuteslater,Tonysawparents.　　答案与解析▶　parents前加his　这里指Tony的父母,因此应在parents前加his。考查角度3▶　介词　　该考点主要考查介词的意义和用法、介词短语中介词的使用错误、介词与动词的搭配错误、介词与形容词的搭配错误、介词与名词的搭配错误、介词的缺失与多余等。考点1　介词的错用1.介词基本用法的错用:有时我们会受汉语的影响而错用介词,例如:在墙上(有一个洞),英语应用inthewall而不是onthewall。2.固定搭配中介词的错用:介词可与名词、动词、形容词等构成固定搭配,其中的介词是固定的。有时搭配中介词不同时意义也不同。[2018·全国Ⅱ]StillIwasunwillingtoplaythegamesforthemsometimes.　　答案与解析▶　for→with　playthegameswithsb意为“和某人一起玩游戏”。Nearlyfiveyearsago,withthehelpbyourfather,mysisterandIplantedsomecherrytomatoes(圣女果)inourbackgarden.　　答案与解析▶　by→of　withthehelpof意为“在……的帮助下”,是固定搭配。 考点2　介词的缺失与多余1.介词的缺失:不及物动词后跟宾语时应加相应的介词。2.介词的多余:及物动词后直接跟宾语,无须再加介词;last、next后跟名词表示时间时无须加介词。3.固定搭配中介词的多余。[2019·全国Ⅱ]WhenIstudiedchemistryhighschool,Ireconsideredmygoalanddecidedtobeadoctor.　　答案与解析▶　high前加in/at　此处highschool前加介词in/at才能作状语。1.[2017·全国Ⅱ]Theyhavealsoboughtforsomegardeningtools.2.[2016·四川]Dadcleanedthehouse,andthenwentonshopping.　　答案与解析▶1.去掉for　buy是及物动词,表示“买某物”直接用buysth,其后无须跟介词。2.去掉on　goshopping为固定短语,意为“去购物”。考查角度4▶　连接词考点1　并列连词的错用与多余1.并列连词的错用:常见的并列连词有and(表示递进、并列或顺承),but(表示转折),or(表示选择),so(表示因果)。应根据逻辑关系选择适当的连词。2.并列连词的多余:同一个句子中although/though和but不能同时使用,because和so也不能同时使用。[2019·全国Ⅱ]WhenIstudiedchemistryathighschool,Ireconsideredmygoalordecidedtobeadoctor.　　答案与解析▶　or→and　“再次考虑目标”和“决定当医生”是顺承关系,故将表示选择关系的or改为and。1.[2018·全国Ⅰ]Attheendofourtrip,ItoldmyfatherthatIplannedtoreturneverytwoyears,butheagreed.2.[2016·全国Ⅰ]Thoughnotverybig,buttherestaurantispopularinourarea.3.[2016·四川]BothDadorIplannedtodosomethingonMother?sDay.　　答案与解析▶1.but→and　根据语境可知,此处前后是顺承关系,不是转折关系,故将but改为and。2.去掉but　在一个句子中though和but不能同时使用。3.or→and　both...and...表示“……和……都”,为固定搭配。 考点2　定语从句关系词的错用与缺失1.关系代词that与which的错用:在非限制性定语从句中关系代词用which,介词后用which;在不定代词、最高级、序数词后用that。特别注意:what不能引导定语从句。2.关系代词与关系副词的错用:关系代词在从句中作主语、宾语、表语和定语;关系副词作状语。3.关系词的缺失:在therebe句型中经常考查,容易受汉语影响而漏用关系词who/that/which。[2017·全国Ⅲ]Aroundmeinthepicturearethethingstheywereveryimportantinmylifeatthattime:carmagazinesandmusicalinstruments.　　答案与解析▶　they→that/which　分析句子结构可知,things后面是一个定语从句,things作定语从句的先行词,故定语从句的关系代词用that或which。[2016·四川]ThedisheswhatIcookedwereMom?sfavorite.　　答案与解析▶　what→that/which或去掉what分析句子结构可知,dishes后面为定语从句,关系代词在从句中作宾语,指物,故将what改为that/which或去掉what。考点3　名词性从句引导词的错用、缺失与多余1.连接词与疑问代词的错用:连接词不作成分,而疑问代词作成分。2.连接词与疑问副词的错用:连接词不作成分,而疑问副词作状语。3.疑问代词与疑问副词的错用:疑问代词在从句中作主语、宾语、表语,而疑问副词在从句中作状语。4.连接词that的缺失:that引导主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句时一般不能省略,引导宾语从句时可省略。5.引导词的多余:一个从句只能有一个引导词,即使这个引导词可以省略,也不能再用其他引导词。[2016·全国Ⅰ]MyuncleistheownerofarestaurantclosetothatIlive.　　答案与解析▶　that→where　介词to后是一个宾语从句,引导词在从句中作地点状语,应用where引导。[2015·全国Ⅱ]Afterlookingatthetoyforsometime,heturnedaroundandfoundwherehisparentsweremissing.　　答案与解析▶　where→that或去掉where　found后是一个宾语从句,引导词不作句子成分,只起连接作用,应用that引导,而且that可省略。考点4　状语从句连接词的错用1.应根据逻辑关系判定是何种状语从句,并选择适当的连接词。2.不要把介词误用作连接词,例如:during为介词,不能引导状语从句。3.应注意常见的固定句式中连接词的使用。[2018·全国Ⅱ]ThegamesmyparentstaughtmewhereIwasachildturnedouttobeveryusefullaterinmylife.　　答案与解析▶　where→when　whenIwasachild“当我小的时候”,此处用when引导时间状语从句。IfIwasonlyachildwhenIstudiedinthatclassroom,Iwillneverforgetit.　　答案与解析▶　If→Although/Though/While句意:尽管当我在那个教室学习时我只是个小孩,但我永远不会忘记这件事。此处应用although/though/while引导让步状语从句。 对点集训(三十九)(时间:50分钟)Ⅰ.单句改错(冠词和代词)1.[2019·全国Ⅰ]Suddenlyfootballfelljustinfrontofmeandalmosthitme. 2.[2019·全国Ⅰ]Fromthenon,Istartedtoplaymyfootballwithclassmatesafterschool.Iamagoodplayernow. 3.[2019·全国Ⅲ]Inthecafe,customerswillenjoyyourselvesinthehistoricalenvironmentwhichiscreatedforthem. 4.[2019·全国Ⅱ]Theyweretworeasonsforthedecision. 5.[2018·全国Ⅱ]...butnomatterhowmanytimesIaskedtowatchthem,myparentswouldnotletme.Theywouldsaytousthatplayingcardgameswouldhelpmybrain. 6.[2017·全国Ⅰ]Istillrememberhowhardfirstdaywas. 7.[2016·全国Ⅰ]Myunclesaysthatheneverdreamsofbecomingrichintheshortperiodoftime. 8.[2016·全国Ⅲ]Atfirst,IthoughtIkneweverythingandcouldmakedecisionsbyyourself. 9.[2016·全国Ⅱ]Ifwegoonatripabroad,wecanbroadenyourviewandgainknowledgewecannotgetfrombooks. 10.[2016·全国Ⅱ]Butinthatcase,wewilllearnlittleaboutworld. 11.[2016·四川]IaskedMomtostayinthesittingroomandIcookedinkitchen. 12.[2016·全国Ⅱ]Itdoesnotcostmany,yetwecanstilllearnalot. 13.NowIamlivinginacity,butImissmyhomeincountryside. 14.Iwasalwaysinterestedtoseethedriversinhurryinthemorning. 15.Shehasahonestface,butinfactsheisnottherightpersontogetonwith. 16.Theyhaveadifferentkindofsuperpowerthatallofuspossess:thepowertomakethedifferenceinthelivesofothers. 17.Ican?ttellyouthewaytotheWilson?sbecausewedon?thaveWilsonhereinthevillage. 18.—Sillyme!Iforgotthecolorofmysuitcase.—Whataboutoneoverthere?  19.Insomecountries,peopleeatwithchopsticks,whileinotherwithknivesandforks. 　　答案与解析▶1.football前加a　此处football是可数名词,前面用不定冠词a表示泛指。2.去掉my　此处play后跟球类运动名词时,名词前不加任何成分。3.yourselves→themselves　customers是第三人称“他们”,故对应的反身代词应为themselves。4.They→There　此处是therebe句型,表示“有”。5.us→me　由上下文可知,此处谈话的对象是“我”,故将us改为me。6.first前加the/my　此处表示“第一天”,序数词first前要加定冠词the或用形容词性物主代词my进行修饰。7.the→a　此处表示“在一段短暂的时间内”,并没有特指在哪一段时间,故把the改为a。8.yourself→myself　句意:起初,我认为我什么都知道,可以自己拿主意。根据句意可知,此处应用myself。9.your→our　由前面的wegoonatrip和wecanbroaden可知,此处应把your改为our。10.world前加the　world是独一无二的事物,故在world前加the。11.kitchen前加the　此处特指我们家的厨房,故在kitchen前加the。12.many→much　本句中much是代词,指muchmoney,作动词cost的宾语,而many通常代替可数名词的复数形式。13.countryside前加the　inthecountryside“在农村”,是固定短语。14.hurry前加a　inahurry为固定短语,意为“匆忙”。15.a→an　honest是以元音音素开头的,其前面的冠词应用an。16.第2个the→a　makeadifference意为“对……有影响”,是固定搭配。17.第2个Wilson前加a　此处表示泛指,aWilson表示“一个名叫Wilson的人”。18.one前加the　这里指对话双方都知道的东西,表示特指。19.other→others　others泛指其他国家,没有范围限制。Ⅱ.短文改错(滚动考点)Passage1[2020·湖北月考]AllstudentsinourclassgototheexhibitiondisplayingChina?soutstandingachievementsinlastmonth.Assoonaswearrived,aguidegaveusaintroductiontotheexhibition.Whilelisten,wemadesomenotescarefully.Wefeltexcitedlyandcouldn?twaittostartthevisit.Wewerebothinspiredbythevariousexhibits,includingthemodelsofthehigh-speedtrain.Wetookalotofphotoandwereproudoftheachievementsofourcountry.Thenextday,wedecidedhaveaclassmeetingtopresentwhichwehadseen.Immediatelywedevotedourselvestopreparethepresentations.　　答案▶　Allstudentsinourclassgo wenttotheexhibitiondisplayingChina?soutstandingachievementsinlastmonth.Assoonaswearrived,aguidegaveusa anintroductiontothe exhibition.Whilelisten listening,wemadesomenotescarefully.Wefeltexcitedly excitedandcouldn?twaittostartthevisit.Wewereboth allinspiredbythevariousexhibits,includingthemodelsofthehigh-speedtrain.Wetookalotofphoto photosandwereproudoftheachievementsofourcountry.Thenextday,wedecided∧tohaveaclassmeetingtopresentwhich whatwehadseen.Immediatelywedevotedourselvestoprepare preparingthepresentations.Passage2StartedbyUNESOin1995,WorldBookandCopyrightDayisayearlyeventonApril23,theaimofthatistoencouragemorepeopleformthehabitofreading.Tobeginwith,readinggoodbooksenrichesourmindandteachesustotellrightbetweenwrong.What?smore,itbroadensyourhorizonsandgivesuswisdomaswell,whichhelpsuslivewellandmorewisely.Lastbutnotleast,readingbookscouldalsobringusmoreimaginationthanthatwatchingTVorsurftheInternetcando.Oneisnevertoooldtolearn.Nomatterwhattimeyourealizedtheimportanceofthereadingbooks,youcanenjoyitduringtherestofyourlifetime.Lovebooks,buttheyareyourbestfriends.　　答案▶　StartedbyUNESOin1995,WorldBookandCopyrightDayisayearlyeventonApril23,theaimofthat whichistoencouragemorepeople∧toformthehabitofreading.Tobeginwith,readinggoodbooksenrichesourmindandteachesustotellrightbetween fromwrong.What?smore,itbroadensyour ourhorizonsandgivesuswisdomaswell,whichhelpsuslivewell betterandmorewisely.Lastbutnotleast,readingbookscould canalsobringusmoreimaginationthanthatwatchingTVorsurf surfingtheInternetcando.Oneisnevertoooldtolearn.Nomatterwhattimeyourealized realizetheimportanceofthereadingbooks,youcanenjoyitduringtherestofyourlifetime.Lovebooks,but for/becausetheyareyourbestfriends.Passage3[2020·河北衡水中学月考] DearTom,I?mhappytoknowaboutthatyouareinterestedinSpringFestivalcouplets(对联),symboloftraditionalChineseculture.ThetraditionofputupSpringFestivalcoupletsdatesbacktotheSongDynasty.Therefore,notuntiltheMingDynastydidSpringFestivalcoupletsbecomepopularnationwide.Withblackorgoldencharacterwrittenonredpaper,theyarestickingondoorsorwalls.Theyaremadeupofpositivewordswhatconveywishesforlove,health,success,wealth,happyandsoon.AcommonthemeofSpringFestivalcoupletswaspeople?sdesireforabetterlifeinthecomingyear.Inaddition,praisingyourmotherlandisanotherpopulartheme.Hopefully,youcanhaveabetterunderstandingofmycarefulexplanation.Yours,LiHua　　答案▶　DearTom,I?mhappytoknowaboutthatyouareinterestedinSpringFestivalcouplets,∧asymboloftraditionalChineseculture.Thetraditionofput puttingupSpringFestivalcoupletsdatesbacktotheSongDynasty.Therefore However,notuntiltheMingDynastydidSpringFestivalcoupletsbecomepopularnationwide.Withblackorgoldencharacter characterswrittenonredpaper,theyaresticking stuckondoorsorwalls.Theyaremadeupofpositivewordswhat which/thatconveywishesforlove,health,success,wealth,happy happinessandsoon.AcommonthemeofSpringFestivalcoupletswas ispeople?sdesireforabetterlifeinthecomingyear.Inaddition,praisingyour ourmotherlandisanotherpopulartheme.Hopefully,youcanhaveabetterunderstandingofmycarefulexplanation.Yours,LiHuaPassage4Duringthesummervacation,manystudentsaresohappytogetawayfromtheirstudiesthattheygotoonepartyafterotherandevendrinkalotofbeer.Theyplayedgamesonlinethroughoutthenightandtheyoversleepeventillnoon.AsfarasI?mconcerned,thesethings aremeaninglessandevenharmlesstotheirhealth.Iwillmakemostofthespecialtimetodoingsomemeaningfulthings.First,Iwanttohaveagoodresttorecoverbackfromthetiredexamination.ThenI?mgoingtohaveatourwithmyparentstoMountHuangshan,whenIcanbreathefreshairandenjoythescenery.Afterthat,Iwouldstayathomereadingsomebookstoacquiremoreknowledges.答案▶　Duringthesummervacation,manystudentsaresohappytogetawayfromtheirstudiesthattheygotoonepartyafterotheranotherandevendrinkalotofbeer.Theyplayedplaygamesonlinethroughoutthenightandtheyoversleepeventillnoon.AsfarasI?mconcerned,thesethingsaremeaninglessandevenharmlessharmfultotheirhealth.Iwillmake∧themostofthespecialtimetodoingdosomemeaningfulthings.First,Iwanttohaveagoodresttorecoverbackfromthetiredtiringexamination.ThenI?mgoingtohaveatourwithmyparentstoMountHuangshan,whenwhereIcanbreathefreshairandenjoythescenery.Afterthat,Iwouldwillstayathomereadingsomebookstoacquiremoreknowledgesknowledge.对点集训(四十)(时间:50分钟)Ⅰ.单句改错(介词)1.[2019·全国Ⅲ]Iwantmycafetohaveaspecialthemesuchaslike“TangDynasty”. 2.[2018·全国Ⅰ]Attheendofourtrip,ItoldmyfatherthatIplannedtoreturnforeverytwoyears,andheagreed. 3.[2017·全国Ⅰ]ItwasareliefandIcametoasuddenstopjustinthemiddleontheroad. 4.[2017·全国Ⅲ]WhenIlookatthispictureofmyself,Irealizeofhowfasttimeflies. 5.[2016·全国Ⅰ]Myunclesaysthatheneverdreamsbecomingrichinashortperiodoftime. 6.[2016·全国Ⅲ]NowIamleavinghometocollege. 7.Tonysawatoyonashopwindow. 8.Pleasehelpwithmeandgivemesomeadvice. 9.Therefore,wehavemoretimewithafter-schoolactivities.  10.Ididn?tknowifyouwereinterestedforpainting. 11.Thedictionaryisout-of-date:manywordshavebeenaddedthelanguagesinceitwaspublished. 12.MyconnectionwithpandasgoesbackmydaysonaTVshowinthemid-1980s. 13.I?mverygladtohearaboutyouaregoingtovisitmenextFriday. 14.IfImeetwithschoolviolence,Iwillnotanswerviolenceforviolence.Instead,Iwilltellmyteachersorparentsaboutit. 15.Finally,trytoseethingsontheotherperson?sperspective.Youmayrealizethatheorshewasactingoutofignorance. 16.Iwilltakeyoutogethertoahot-potrestaurantfordinnerandwe?lltalkwithourplanfortheweekendoverdinner. 17.It?simportantofustoformahealthyeatinghabit. 18.Howgreathissurprisewasatlast!Whenhemovedthestone,hefoundabagofmoneyinthestone. 　　答案与解析▶　1.去掉like　suchas和like均可用来列举事物,此处两组词重复,需删除一组。因为每处修改仅限一词,故去掉like。2.去掉for　everytwoyears“每隔两年”,可单独作状语,前面不用介词。3.on→of　inthemiddleof表示“在……中间”,为固定短语,故将on改为of。4.去掉第2个of　realize是及物动词,后面直接跟宾语从句howfasttimeflies。5.dreams后加of/about　dreamof/aboutdoingsth是固定短语,意为“梦想做某事”。6.to→for　leave...for...是固定搭配,表示“离开……前往……”。7.on→in　结合生活常识可知,这里表示在商店橱窗里摆放着一个玩具,应用in。8.去掉with　help为及物动词,后面直接跟宾语。9.with→for　表示有时间做某事,time后接for或todo。10.for→in　名词interest与介词in搭配,beinterestedin“对……感兴趣”。11.added后加to　addto“增加”,为固定搭配。12.back后加to　gobackto“追溯到”,为固定短语。13.去掉about或about→that　hear为及物动词,其后直接跟宾语从句,并且宾语从句的引导词that可以省略。14.for→with　with表示“以……方式”,符合语境。15.on→from　此处指从他人的角度看问题,应用from。16.with→about　talkaboutsth“谈论某事”;talkwithsb“与某人交谈”。根据ourplan可知,此处介词用about。17.of→for　在“It?s+adj.+of/for...”结构中,当形容词表示对人的评价时,用介词of;当表示事物与人的利害关系时,用介词for。根据句意可知,此处表示利害关系,应用for。18.in→under　根据句意可知,此处表示一袋钱在石头下面,故介词用under。 Ⅱ.短文改错(滚动考点)Passage1[2020·重庆外国语学校月考]IwasstayinginasmallvillageinTurkey.ThecountrysidearoundthevillageissobeautifulthatIdecidedtogoforawalk.IhadbeenwalkinginaboutanhourandahalfwhensuddenlyIhadslippedandfelldownariverbank.IhurtmyankleandIcouldn?tstandup.Ididn?tknowhowIcouldgetbacktoavillage.Ihadn?ttoldsomeonewhereIwasgoing,sonoonewouldknowwherelookformewhentheyrealizedIwasmissing.IbegantoworrythatImighthavetostaythereallnight.Ihadnofoodsandnowarmclothes.Iwasveryfrightening.Lucky,acoupleofhourslater,ayoungboy,thatpassedonahorse,liftedmeontotheanimalandtookmebacktothevillage.　　答案▶　IwasstayinginasmallvillageinTurkey.Thecountrysidearoundthevillageis wassobeautifulthatIdecidedtogoforawalk.Ihadbeenwalkingin foraboutanhourandahalfwhensuddenlyIhadslippedandfelldownariverbank.IhurtmyankleandIcouldn?tstandup.Ididn?tknowhowIcouldgetbacktoa thevillage.Ihadn?ttoldsomeone anyonewhereIwasgoing,sonoonewouldknowwhere∧tolookformewhentheyrealizedIwasmissing.IbegantoworrythatImighthavetostaythereallnight.Ihadnofoods foodandnowarmclothes.Iwasveryfrightening frightened.Lucky Luckily,acoupleofhourslater,ayoungboy,that whopassedonahorse,liftedmeontotheanimalandtookmebacktothevillage.Passage2[2020·安徽蚌埠模拟]LastsummerIstayedataholidaycampwithsomeclassmate.Wewantedtogodownthemountainnearourcamp.ButourguidePetedidn?tallowmetogobecauseofthebadweather.Atfirst,wewerereallydisappointing.Thenwedecidedtogowithouthimanyway.Twohourslater,wereachedthetopofamountain.Althoughtired,butwewerehappy.Suddenlyitrainedheavyandwelostourway.LuckilyIhadmymobilephoneon me.IcallPete.Hetoldustostaywhatwewere.Finallyhefoundus.Wesaidsorryhimandthankedhim.　　答案▶　LastsummerIstayedataholidaycampwithsomeclassmate classmates.Wewantedtogodown upthemountainnearourcamp.ButourguidePetedidn?tallowme ustogobecauseofthebadweather.Atfirst,wewerereallydisappointing disappointed.Thenwedecidedtogowithouthimanyway.Twohourslater,wereachedthetopofa themountain.Althoughtired,butwewerehappy.Suddenlyitrainedheavy heavilyandwelostourway.LuckilyIhadmymobilephoneonme.Icall calledPete.Hetoldustostaywhat wherewewere.Finallyhefoundus.Wesaidsorry∧tohimandthankedhim.Passage3Humorshowsaperson?scharacteristics.Unlessyoucanseeeverythingwithasenseofhumor,youareaninterestedperson.Andpeoplewillneverfeeldulltogetherwithme.Italsoshowedthatyouareawell-educatedman.Youarehealthyandhappywithyoursenseofhumor,foritcanalwayskeepyouinhighspirits,whowilldogoodbothyourmentalandphysicalhealth.Youwillalsohaveplentyoffriendswithyoursenseofthehumor.Peoplefeelsitapleasuretobewithyou,foryouhelpthemseethingsfromanentiredifferentview.Yougivepeoplestrengthtofacingaworldfullofstruggle.　　答案▶　Humorshowsaperson?scharacteristics.UnlessIfyoucanseeeverythingwithasenseofhumor,youareaninterestedinterestingperson.Andpeoplewillneverfeeldulltogetherwithmeyou.Italsoshowedshowsthatyouareawell-educatedman.Youarehealthyandhappywithyoursenseofhumor,foritcanalwayskeepyouinhighspirits,whowhichwilldogood∧tobothyourmentalandphysicalhealth.Youwillalsohaveplentyoffriendswithyoursenseofthehumor.Peoplefeelsfeelita pleasuretobewithyou,foryouhelpthemseethingsfromanentireentirelydifferentview.Yougivepeoplestrengthtofacingfaceaworldfullofstruggle.Passage4DuringtheMen?s800-metreRaceofourschool?ssportsmeeting,LiHuafromSenior2soongotwellaheadtheothersandfinallyrankingfirst.ThecrowdwereshoutingtohimwhileLiHuafelltothegroundandgotinjury.Manypeoplecometohisassistance.Ateachergaveherfirstaid,whilesomekindlystudentspassedwaterandatoweltohim.Innotime,LiHuarecovered.Wheninterview,LiHuaexpressedhisthankstoeveryone,saying,“InjuredasIam,Icanfeelthewarmfromyou.”Hewasdelightedtomakethecontributionstohisclass.　　答案▶　DuringtheMen?s800-metreRaceofourschool?ssportsmeeting,LiHuafromSenior2soongotwellahead∧oftheothersandfinallyrankingrankedfirst.ThecrowdwereshoutingtohimwhilewhenLiHuafelltothegroundandgotinjuryinjured.Manypeoplecome cametohisassistance.Ateachergaveher himfirstaid,whilesomekindlykindstudentspassedwaterandatoweltohim.Innotime,LiHuarecovered.Wheninterviewinterviewed,LiHuaexpressedhisthankstoeveryone,saying,“InjuredasIam,Icanfeelthewarm warmthfromyou.”Hewasdelightedtomakethecontributionstohisclass.对点集训(四十一)(时间:50分钟)Ⅰ.单句改错(连接词)1.[2019·全国Ⅰ]OneafternoonwhereIwasinprimaryschool,Iwaswalkingbytheschoolplayground. 2.[2019·全国Ⅰ]Suddenlyafootballfelljustinfrontofmebutalmosthitme. 3.[2019·全国Ⅲ]Inthecafe,customerswillenjoythemselvesinthehistoricalenvironmentwhatiscreatedforthem. 4.[2018·全国Ⅲ]Everyonewassilent,waitingtoseewhowouldbecalledupontoreadhisandherparagraphaloud. 5.[2018·全国Ⅰ]Theyalsohadasmallpondwhichtheyraisedfish.  6.[2017·全国Ⅰ]Beforegettingintothecar,IthoughtIhadlearnedtheinstructor?sorders,soonceIstartedthecar,mymindwentblank. 7.[2017·全国Ⅲ]Ihavegrownnotonlyphysically,andalsomentallyinthepastfewyears. 8.[2017·全国Ⅱ]Intheirsparetime,theyareinterestedinplantingvegetablesintheirgarden,thatisontherooftopoftheirhouse. 9.[2016·全国Ⅰ]Everydayhemakessurethatfreshvegetablesorhighqualityoilareusedforcooking. 10.Oneday,Iwascookinginthekitchenasthetelephonerang. 11.Readingherbiography,IwaslostinadmirationforthatDorisLessinghadachievedinliterature. 12.ThatLiBai,agreatChinesepoet,wasbornisknowntothepublic,butsomewon?tacceptit. 13.Weneedtogettotherootoftheproblemafterwecansolveit. 14.Itisn?tverycold,butyouneedn?tbringmanyclotheswithyou. 15.Ididn?tbecomeaseriousclimberuntilthefifthgrade,whichIwentuptorescueakitethatwasstuckinthebranchesofatree. 　　答案与解析▶　1.where→when　本句是含有定语从句的复合句,先行词是oneafternoon,关系副词在定语从句中作时间状语,所以此处应用表示时间的when。2.but→and　“足球落到我的面前”与“我几乎被砸中”是并列关系,不是转折关系,故将but改为and。3.what→that/which　本句是含有定语从句的复合句,先行词是environment,关系代词在定语从句中作主语,故将what改为that或者which。4.and→or　根据语境可知,所以此处表示选择,应用or。5.which→where或which前加in　pond后面是一个定语从句,先行词是pond,在定语从句中作地点状语,故用inwhich或where引导从句。6.so→but/yet　根据句意可知,此处前后为转折关系,故将so改为but或yet。7.and→but　notonly...butalso...意为“不但……而且……”。8.that→which　此处引导一个非限制性定语从句,先行词是garden,指物,故用which。9.or→and　分析句子成分可知,在宾语从句中,freshvegetables与highqualityoil是并列主语,应用and连接。10.as→when　bedoing...when...意为“正在做……突然……”,是固定句式。11.that→what　介词for后是宾语从句,从句中的谓语动词缺少宾语,故用what引导。12.That→Where　此处引导一个主语从句,从句缺少地点状语,故用where。13.after→before　根据逻辑关系可知,此处应用before。14.but→so　根据句意可知,前后为因果关系,故用连词so。15.which→when　此处引导一个非限制性定语从句,先行词为thefifthgrade,在从句中作时间状语,故用when。 Ⅱ.短文改错(滚动考点)Passage1Afterthebusyschoollifestartedagainamonthago,themoreexcitingpartofitcameinSeptember,thatmyclassmatesandIattendedtheHeritageAcrossBordersProgramthattookplaceatZhejiangUniversity.Theprogrammainlyfocusedathowheritageisvaluedbutpreserved.Asyoungactivistinheritageprotection,wefelthonoringtomeettheworld?sleadinggroupofresearchersandprofessionalsinheritagestudies.Wearedeeplyimpressedbytheirskills.Besides,theiranecdotes(轶事)wereextremeinteresting.Chinaishighlightingwhatisknownastoculturalconfidencenowadays,andweareproudofoureffortstopreservelocalheritage.　　答案▶　Afterthebusyschoollifestartedagainamonthago,themore mostexcitingpartofitcameinSeptember,that whenmyclassmatesandIattendedtheHeritageAcrossBordersProgramthattookplaceatZhejiangUniversity.Theprogrammainlyfocusedat onhowheritageisvaluedbut andpreserved.Asyoungactivist activistsinheritageprotection,wefelthonoring honoredtomeettheworld?sleadinggroupofresearchersandprofessionalsinheritagestudies.Weare weredeeplyimpressedbytheirskills.Besides,theiranecdoteswereextreme extremelyinteresting.Chinaishighlightingwhatisknownastoculturalconfidencenowadays,andweareproudofoureffortstopreserve∧thelocalheritage.Passage2WhenIwasayoungboy,myfathersavemylife.AlthoughIdonotrememberanincident,itisastorythathastoldmanytimesinmyfamily.Iwastwoyearsoldatthattime,andmybrotherisfour.Wewerewithmyfatherwhenhewasfeedingthecattlesonourfamilyfarm.Hedidn?tnoticethatmybrotherandIhadwanderedoffuntilmybrother,scaredandoutinbreath,but camerunningtohim.Mybrothercouldhardspeak.Hestruggledtosaying,“Rolfe?sinthecave!”　　答案▶　WhenIwasayoungboy,myfathersave savedmylife.AlthoughIdonotrememberan theincident,itisastorythathas∧beentoldmanytimesinmyfamily.Iwastwoyearsoldatthattime,andmybrotheris wasfour.Wewerewithmy ourfatherwhenhewasfeedingthecattles cattleonourfamilyfarm.Hedidn?tnoticethatmybrotherandIhadwanderedoffuntilmybrother,scaredandoutin ofbreath,butcamerunningtohim.Mybrothercouldhard hardlyspeak.Hestruggledtosaying say,“Rolfe?sinthecave!”Passage3[2020·月考]Wearelivinginanamazedage,andthebiginfluencemoderntechnologyhastoourdailylifecanbeseeneverywhere.WiththeriseofproductsfromcompanylikeNest,wearegettingclosetothedaywhenourhomesarenotonlyplacesforustorestthaneverbefore.Asitisexpected,about1.2billionsmartdevicesareforeseentosoldthisyear.Anewcompany,itsprimarygoalistoconnectthemakersofsmartproductswiththecustomersbytheInternet,werejustestablishedintheUSA.Withanumberofthehomeautomationtoolsincreasingatanexplosivespeed,theirhomeswillgothroughevenlargerchangesinthenextfewdecades.　　答案▶　Wearelivinginanamazed amazingage,andthebiginfluencemoderntechnologyhasto onourdailylifecanbeseeneverywhere.Withtheriseofproductsfromcompany companieslikeNest,wearegettingclose closertothedaywhenourhomesarenotonlyplacesforustorestthaneverbefore.Asitisexpected,about1.2billionsmartdevicesareforeseento∧besoldthisyear.Anewcompany,its whoseprimarygoalistoconnectthemakersofsmartproductswiththecustomers bytheInternet,were wasjustestablishedintheUSA.Witha thenumberofthehomeautomationtoolsincreasingatanexplosivespeed,their ourhomeswillgothroughevenlargerchangesinthenextfewdecades.Passage4[2020·山西实验中学月考]Mymumisavolunteerinahospital.ShebroughtdinnereverySundaytothepeopleattendingtheirrelativeswhoareinhospital.OneSundays,Mumaskedmetohelpherwithdinner.Atthefirst,Ididn?twantto,butintheendshepersuadedmetogo.Halfanhourlate,wearrived.Wequicklysetupatableandstartedgivingpeoplefood.Thepeopleservingthereweredeeplymovedandshowedourgratefulness.Itwasamazedtolookatpeople?sfaces,especiallythosechildren.Itmademefeelgladlyforbeingthere.ThatdayIrealizedthatthevalueoflifeisnotonlyaboutreceiving,andgivingaswell.　　答案▶　Mymumisavolunteerinahospital.Shebrought bringsdinnereverySundaytothepeopleattending∧totheirrelativeswhoareinhospital.OneSundays Sunday,Mumaskedmetohelpherwithdinner.Atthefirst,Ididn?twantto,butintheendshepersuadedmetogo.Halfanhourlate later,wearrived.Wequicklysetupatableandstartedgivingpeoplefood.Thepeopleserving servedthereweredeeplymovedandshowedour theirgratefulness.Itwasamazed amazingtolookatpeople?sfaces,especiallythosechildren.Itmademefeelgladly gladforbeingthere.ThatdayIrealizedthatthevalueoflifeisnotonlyaboutreceiving,and butgivingaswell.