Unit2MoralsandVirtues
主题语境：人与自我(做人与做事)【话题词汇】1.virtuen.美德；优秀品质2.dignityn.尊贵；高尚3.meanadj.小气的4.generousadj.慷慨大方的5.reliableadj.可信赖的6.determinedadj.坚定的7.shallowadj.肤浅的；浅的8.considerateadj.考虑周到的9.confidentadj.自信的；确信的10.diligentadj.勤奋的11.strongwilledadj.意志坚强的12.mercifuladj.仁慈的13.intelligentadj.聪明的；明智的14.talentedadj.有才能的15.outstandingadj.杰出的16.creativeadj.创造性的
【话题短语】1.behonoredas被誉为……2.begiftedat对……有天赋3.beinterestedin对……感兴趣4.besatisfied/contentwith对……满意5.beactivein积极从事6.beabsorbedin全神贯注于7.beenthusiasticabout对……热心8.beskilledinsth.在……方面熟练9.beadmittedintoakeyuniversity考上重点大学10.dowellin在……方面做得好
【话题佳句】1.IwouldreallyliketointerviewhimbecauseheisnotonlythefirstChinesetogotospacebutalsooneofthegreatestastronautsintheworld.我十分愿意采访他，因为他不仅仅是第一个到太空的中国人，还是世界上最伟大的宇航员之一。2.AsformyfavouritefigureinChinesehistory,itmustbeWeiYuan,agreatthinkerinthelateQingDynasty.至于我最喜欢的中国历史人物，那一定是魏源，一位伟大的晚清思想家。3.Nothavingfinishedhisjob,thechiefeditorhadtoworkovertime.因为没有完成工作，主编只得加班。
【话题练习】1.IagreewithyouonthispointbutIcan'tagreewithyouonthewholething.我在这方面同意你，但是我不能在整个事情上同意你。2.IhavelearnedthatMr.Browndisagreewithyou.Yoursuggestionwillnotbeacceptedunderpresentcondition.我知道布朗先生不同意你的看法。在目前情况下，你的建议不太可能被接受。
基础回顾课堂讲解随堂练习话题与高考写作
基础回顾
Ⅰ.重点单词1．________adj.道德的；道义上的n.品行；道德；寓意2．________n.高尚的道德；美德；优秀品质3．________adj.珍稀的；宝贵的4．________vt.照顾，照料vi.倾向；趋向5．________vt.聘任；雇用；租用6．________n.同事；同僚7．________n.十年；十年期moralvirtueprecioustendhirecolleaguedecade
8．________adj.精力充沛的；充满活力的9．________vt.接替；取代；更换10．________n.事故；车祸；失事11．________n.记忆力；回忆12．________vi.&vt.悄声说；耳语；低语n.耳语(声)；低语(声)；传言；谣传13．________adj.(增长、下跌等)急剧的；锋利的；明显的14．________adj.灵活的；可变通的15．________adv.因此；所以energeticreplaceaccidentmemorywhispersharpflexibletherefore
Ⅱ.拓展单词1．________adj.道德的；道义上的→morallyadv.道义上；道德上→immoraladj.不道德的；邪恶的2．________adj.珍稀的；宝贵的→________adv.过分讲究地；昂贵地3．________v．(和某人)结婚；嫁；娶→________adj.已婚的→marriagen．结婚；婚姻4．________adj.主要的；重要的；大的→________n．大部分；大多数5.________v．抱怨；埋怨；发牢骚→________n．不满的原因；抱怨；埋怨moralpreciouspreciouslymarrymarriedmajormajoritycomplaincomplaint
6．________v．回答；回应→________n.回答，答复7．________v．任命；委任；安排→_________n．约会；约定；任命→________adj.被任命的8．________adj.神经紧张的；担心的→________n.紧张9．________v．(使)退休→________adj.已退休的→________n．退休10．________v．使惊吓；使害怕→________adj.吓人的→________adj.害怕的respondresponseappointappointmentappointedtensetensionretireretiredretirementscarescaringscared
联想拓展-ship表示状态，性质，品质，地位，职位①scholarship奖学金②friendship友谊③professorship教授职位④membership全体成员；会员身份⑤ownership所有权⑥leadership领导力
表示人“品质”的形容词荟萃①confident自信的②devoted有献身精神的③energetic有活力的④generous慷慨的⑤intelligent聪明的⑥creative富有创造力的⑦calm镇静的
Ⅲ.核心短语1．________________道德困境2．________________易于做某事；往往做某事3．________________含着泪水4．________________被……绊倒5．________________帮助某人渡过难关6．________________帮助某人脱离(困境)7．________________作为对……的纪念8．________________处于绝望中9．________________大量10．________________去世moraldilemmatendtodosth.intearstripovercarrysb.throughsth.helpsb.outofinmemoryofindespairagreatdealofpassaway
联想拓展in＋名词＋of构成的搭配①inmemoryof为了纪念②inhonorof为了纪念③inchargeof负责；管理④infavourof赞成；支持⑤inplaceof代替；取代表示人“品质”的形容词荟萃①confident自信的②devoted有献身精神的③energetic有活力的④generous慷慨的⑤intelligent聪明的⑥creative富有创造力的⑦calm镇静的Ⅳ.
重点句型1．比较级与否定词连用，表示最高级Toaperson______________________theirlife.(生命是最宝贵的)2．名词前有序数词修饰，多用不定式作后置定语。Sheimmediatelybecamethefirstwomanever__________(成为第一位被雇用)asaresidentphysicianintheOBGYNdepartmentofthePUMCHospital.3．sb.beseendoingsth.某人被看见做了某事Attimesshe________________(有人看到她骑着毛驴)adonkeytofarawayvillagestoprovidemedicalcar.4．not...until...直到……才DrLin_________________________(直到她死去的那一天才退休)，22April1983.nothingismorepreciousthantobehiredwasevenseenridingdidnotretireuntilthedayshedied
课堂讲解
高频考点探究Ⅰ.核心词汇1．complainvi.&vt.抱怨；发牢骚【教材原句】“Whyshouldgirlslearnsomuch?Findingagoodhusbandshouldbetheirfinalgoal！”herbrothercomplained,thinkingofthehightuitionfees.“为什么女孩学这么多？找到一个好的丈夫是她们最后的目标！”她的哥哥抱怨道，想起高昂的学费。(1)complaintosb.向某人诉说complainabout/ofsth.抱怨……(2)complaintn.投诉；抱怨；怨言makeacomplaintabout抱怨……
【练透考点】单句语法填空/完成句子①Hephonedanewspaperreportertocomplain________thereporter'sstory.②JaneismybestfriendandIcancomplain________herwhenIamunhappy.③I'dliketobeinformedoftheprocessofyourdealingwithmy________(complain).④Sheoften_____________________________atwork.她经常抱怨在工作上没有感觉到受重视。【佳句背诵】Youngpeoplenowdon'tlookforjobs,butjustcomplainaboutunemployment.现在的年轻人不去工作，就只会一味地抱怨失业。about/oftocomplaintcomplainsaboutnotfeelingappreciated
2．majorityn.大部分；大多数【典型例句】WhenIhaveadifferentopinion,Ialwaysrespecttheopinionofthemajority.当我有不同观点时，我总是尊重多数人的观点。(1)the/amajorityof大多数的……inthemajority占多数majoradj.主要的(2)minorityn.少数；少部分aminorityof少数的……minoradj.少数的
【误区释疑】“themajorityof＋名词”用作主语时，谓语动词与名词保持一致。【练透考点】单句语法填空/完成句子①The________(major)ofpeoplebelievesmokingisharmfultohealth.②Weliveinacountrywherewomenare________themajority.③WeChatistothetasteof________________(大多数人的),especiallytheyouth.④Ibelievethatstudentssupportingmeare____________(占大多数)．【佳句背诵】Themajorityofthestudentsholdtheviewthatit'sconvenienttogotoschoolbyelectricbike.大多数学生持有以下观点：骑电动车上学很方便。majorityinthemajorityofpeopleinthemajority
3．dilemman.进退两难的境地；困境【典型例句】Amoraldilemmaisasituationinwhichyouhavetwoormorechoicestomake.道德困境就是你有两个甚至更多选择的处境。putsb.intoadilemma使某人陷入困境inadilemma处于困境中
【练透考点】完成句子①Itisbeneficialtosomepeople,whileit_____________________.(使某人陷入困境)②Iamcaught___________(陷于困境之中)whenchoosingamajorformyself.③He__________________(正面临着……两难境地)ofwhetherornottoreturntohiscountry.putsothersinadilemmainadilemmaisfacingthedilemma
4．replacevt.接替；取代；更换【典型例句】It'sgoodtoenjoyotherculturesandlearnfromthem,buttheycanneverreplaceyourownculture.喜欢并向其他的文化学习很好，但是它们永远无法替代你自己的文化。(1)replacesth.with/bysth.用某物替代某物(2)taketheplaceof＝takesb.'splace取代inplaceof代替，取代【熟词生义】Youhavetoreplacethebooksontheshelvesbeforeyouleave.你离开之前必须把书放回书架上。
【练透考点】单句语法填空/同义转换①VinodKhoslasuggeststhatwegetridof80%ofdoctorsandreplacethem________robots.②Oldbooksarelikeoldfriends.Oncelost,theycannever________(replace)．③JohnisillandIwanttoknowwhoisgoingtotaketheplaceofhim/takehisplace.→JohnisillandIwanttoknowwhoisgoingto________him.with/bybereplacedreplace
5．whispervi.&vt.悄声说；耳语；低语n.耳语(声)；低语(声)；传言；谣传【典型例句】Hehadtowhisperinordertoavoidbeingoverheardbytheirneighbours.他不得不低声耳语，以免被他们的邻居听见。(1)whispertosb.对某人耳语whisperaboutsth./sb.小声议论某事/人whispersth.tosb.低声告诉某人某事whispersth.inone'sears跟某人耳语某事It'swhisperedthat...私下说……(2)inawhisper/whispers低声说；小声地说
【练透考点】单句语法填空/句式升级①Whatareyoutwo_________(whisper)aboutoverthere?②“I'vemissedyou，”hewhispered________herear.③WhenIenteredtheroom,Staff_____________(whisper)thatthecompanywasabouttogooutofbusiness.④Theysatatthebackoftheroomandtalkedinalowvoice.→Theysatatthebackoftheroom，________________.⑤Heiswhisperedtobeheavilyindebt.(同义句)→________________heisheavilyindebt.whisperinginwerewhisperingtalkinginawhisperItiswhisperedthat
Ⅱ.核心短语6．carrysb.throughsth.帮助某人渡过难关【教材原句】ThesewordsofDrLinQiaozhigiveusalookintotheheartofthisamazingwoman,andwhatcarriedherthroughalifeofhardchoices.林巧稚医生的这些话可以让我们了解是什么帮助她渡过人生中的艰难选择的。carrythrough完成；进行到底carryout执行；实行；贯彻；实现carryon开展；维持；继续carryforward继承；弘扬
【练透考点】单句语法填空①Theactivityisaimedatcarrying________theChinesetraditionalculture.②Weshouldcarry________theplanstrictlyandcarefully.③Wehopethatmoreartistswillcarry________anddevelopthefolkart.④Itwasmymotherthatcarriedme________myhardtimeinmiddleschool.forwardoutonthrough
7．agreatdeal(of)大量【典型例句】Thankstopapermakingandprinting,agreatdealofancientinformationhasbeenkeptinbooks.多亏了造纸术和印刷术，大量的古代信息被保存在书里。【拓展延伸】常用于修饰不可数名词的单词和词组much;a(great)dealof;abitof;(an)(large)amountof/amountsof
【练透考点】完成句子①Althoughshehadnevermetthatexpert,she_____________________.(关于他了解很多)②Whatsurprisedusmostwasthatpeople________________(正在做许多)topreservethewetland.③Ialsohavefriendswhogaveme________________________.(给了我很多鼓励)【佳句背诵】Agreatdealofbitterexperiencehadtaughthimhowtolosegracefully.大量痛苦的经历已经教会他如何体面地认输。knewagreatdealabouthimaredoingagreatdealagreatdealofencouragement
8．passaway去世【典型例句】Hehadnochildrenofhisown,andmostofhisrelativeshadpassedaway.他没有自己的孩子，多数亲人也已过世。(1)passsth.on将某物交给某人(2)passsth.down将某物一代代沿传下来(3)passby路过，(时间)过去(4)passout分发；分配；晕倒(5)passoffas把……冒充成
【练透考点】用pass的短语完成句子①Asthreehours________，Ibecamemoreandmoreimpatient.②Shewantstobeagymnasticcoachto________whatshe'slearnedtootherkidswhenshegrowsup.③Please________themessagetoasmanypeopleaspossible.④Inthehomeforsickpeople,Ihelpedwashclothesandsheets,and________lunch.passedbypassdownpassonpassout
Ⅲ.典型句式精析9．Toapersonnothingismorepreciousthantheirlife.对于一个人来说，生命是最宝贵的。【典型例句】Ifyouarefree,nothingwillbebetterifyoucancometoChinatoattendatraditionalwedding.如果你有空的话，要是你能来中国参加一场传统婚礼那就再好不过了。【句式分析】比较级与否定词连用，表示最高级。此外，“否定词＋比较级”也可表示强调。
【练透考点】完成句子①Inmyopinion,_______________________healthinlife.在我看来，在生活中健康是最重要的。②__________________thanthat.没有什么比那更难了。③Icantellyouthatthereis________________beingpraisedbymyteacherbeforemyclassmates.我可以告诉你在同学面前被老师赞扬是最好的事了。nothingismoreimportantthanNothingismoredifficultnothingbetterthan
10．SheimmediatelybecamethefirstwomanevertobehiredasaresidentphysicianintheOBGYNdepartmentofthePUMCHospital.她立即成为第一位被聘请为协和医院妇产科住院医生的元老。【典型例句】ButWangHui，thelasttorun,felldownsuddenlywhenhetookthestickfromanotherboy.但是最后一个跑的王辉，在从另一个男孩那里接过接力棒的时候突然摔倒了。【句式分析】本句是一个简单句。句中tobehired...为不定式作定语修饰名词woman。(1)当中心词是序数词或被序数词、形容词最高级，thenext,theonly,thelast等修饰时，常用不定式作后置定语。(2)被用来修饰的词是抽象名词，常见的有：ability,belief,chance,idea,promise,attempt,way等，其后常用不定式作后置定语。
【练透考点】单句语法填空①Chinaisthefirstdevelopingcountry________(send)manmadespaceshipintothespace.②Forastudent,studyingisthefirstthing_________(consider)whileappearanceisthesecond.③Lincolnwasthefirstpresident________(pass)lawstostopslavery.【佳句背诵】Iwanttointerviewher,becausesheisthefirstChinesewomantowinthegoldmedalinthisevent.我想去采访她，因为她是第一个在此赛事上获得金牌的中国人。tosendtoconsidertopass
随堂练习
Ⅰ.高考能力同步化——单句语法填空1．[2020·全国Ⅰ卷]WhileItend________(buy)alotofbooks,thesethreeweregiventomeasgifts,whichmightaddtothemeaningIattachtothem.2．[2020·江苏高考]Somepeople—andIwasoneofthem－believethathumorous________(complaint)aboutthelittleproblemsoflifemakehumor,andsometimesthatisthecase.3．[2020·全国Ⅰ卷]“We'rethinkingabouthowwecanengineerplants________(replace)functionsofthethingsthatweuseeveryday，”explainedMichaelStrano,aprofessorofchemicalengineeringatMIT.4．[2020·全国Ⅱ卷]Joyofreadingpassed________inthefamily.tobuycomplaintstoreplaceon
5．[2019·全国Ⅰ卷]Histeacher，ThomasWhaley,isnexttohim,_________(whisper)support.6．Onethirdofthecountryiscoveredwiththetreesandthemajorityofthecitizens________(be)blackpeople.7．Herdeterminationcarriedhim________ahardtime.Hereffortspaidoff.8．WhenIwasinadilemma,I'dbethefirst________(admit)Imightbewrong.9．Ihaveneverspenta____________(worrying)day.Iwasconcernedabouthissafety.10．Heunfortunatelypassed________lastyearduetohiscancer.whisperingarethroughtoadmitmoreworryingaway
Ⅱ.必备知识试题化——连词成句inawhisper；firstaid；indisguise；tripover；carry...through...1．Wefeelquitesecurenowbecauseofpresenceofpolicemen____________inthepublic.2．Ihelpedanoldladywho____________afallenbranchontheroad.3．Theknowledgeof____________isanecessity,whichcansavesomeone'slife.4．Myteacher'shelp________me________thoseharddaysinseniorhighschool.5．Thetwostudentsweretalkingtoeachother____________whenIcameintotheroom.indisguisetrippedoverfirstaidcarriedthroughinawhisper
Ⅲ.教材语篇高考化——语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。LinQiaozhiisknown1.________the“motheroftenthousandbabies”2.________shehaddeliveredover50,000babiesinherlifetime.Whenshewas18yearsold,shechose3.________(study)medicineinsteadoffollowingthetraditionalpathofmarriagelikethemajorityofgirls.4.________graduatingfromPekingUnionMedicalCollege,sheimmediatelybecamethefirstwoman5._________(hire)asaresidentphysicianintheOBGYNdepartmentofthePUMCHospital.asbecausetostudyAftertobehired
Thenduringthewar,sheopenedherownclinic6.________(help)thepatients.Afterthe7._________(found)ofthenewPeople'sRepublicofChina,sheheldmanyimportant8.________(position)，butshewasmoreinterestedin9.________(tend)patients.DrLindidn'tretire10.________thedayshedied,22April1983.tohelpfoundationpositionstendinguntil
话题与高考写作
[2020·新高考全国Ⅰ卷]阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。TheMeredithfamilylivedinasmallcommunity.Astheeconomywasindecline,somepeopleinthetownhadlosttheirjobs.Manyoftheirfamilieswerestrugglingtomakeendsmeet.Peopleweretryingtohelpeachothermeetthechallenges.Mrs.Meredithwasamostkindandthoughtfulwoman.Shespentagreatdealoftimevisitingthepoor.Sheknewtheyhadproblems,andtheyneededallkindsofhelp.Whenshehadtime,shewouldbringfoodandmedicinetothem.
Onemorningshetoldherchildrenaboutafamilyshehadvisitedthedaybefore.Therewasamansickinbed,hiswife,whotookcareofhimandcouldnotgoouttowork,andtheirlittleboy.Thelittleboy—hisnamewasBernard—hadinterestedherverymuch.“Iwishyoucouldseehim，”shesaidtoherownchildren,John,Harry,andClara.“Heissuchahelptohismother.Hewantsverymuchtoearnsomemoney,butIdon'tseewhathecando.”Aftertheirmotherlefttheroom,thechildrensatthinkingaboutBernard.“Iwishwecouldhelphimtoearnmoney，”saidClara.“Hisfamilyissufferingsomuch.”“SodoI，”saidHarry.“Wereallyshoulddosomethingtoassistthem.”
Forsomemoments,Johnsaidnothing,but,suddenly,hesprangtohisfeetandcried,“Ihaveagreatidea!Ihaveasolutionthatwecanallhelpaccomplish(完成)．”Theotherchildrenalsojumpedupallattention.WhenJohnhadanidea,itwassuretobeagoodone.“Itellyouwhatwecando，”saidJohn.“YouknowthatbigboxofcornUncleJohnsentus?Well,wecanmakepopcorn(爆米花),andputitintopaperbags,andBernardcantakeitaroundtothehousesandsellit.”
注意：1．续写词数应为150左右；2．请按如下格式作答。WhenMrs.MeredithheardofJohn'sidea,shethoughtitwasagoodone,too.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Witheverythingready,Bernardstartedoutonhisnewbusiness.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Step1品读语篇 抓住要点Who：____________________________________________________What：____________________________________________________人称：________；时态：_________；何种细节描写为主：心理□；动作□；语言□；表情□；环境□；外貌□Mrs.Meredith,Bernard,John,Harry,ClaraHelpBernardearnsomemoney第三人称一般过去时√√√
Step2审题构思 研读首句Para.1:WhenMrs.MeredithheardofJohn'sidea，shethoughtitwasagoodone，too.1．据第一段开头关键词可知，本段应该描写__________________。Para.2:Witheverythingready，Bernardstartedoutonhisnewbusiness.2．据第二段开头关键词可知，本段应该描写_________________________。孩子们如何制作爆米花Bernard如何卖爆米花，结果如何
Step3斟酌打磨 丰富句式1．精挑细选——核心词汇想周全①__________安排②__________感受到期待③__________谋生④__________执行；实施⑤__________属于arrangementfeelexpectedmakealivingcarryoutbelongto
2．闪耀登场——句式升级是亮点句式翻译：①在他的一生中从来没有挣过这么多的钱。Hehadnever_________________beforeinhislife.(用倒装)→_________________________________________________________②帮助Bernard谋生使他们自豪。TheyhelpedBernardmakealivingandtheyfeltproud.(非谓语动词作主语)→_________________________________________________________earnedsomuchmoneyNeverhadheearnedsomuchmoneybeforeinhislife.HelpingBernardmakealivingmadethemfeelproud.
Step4逻辑衔接 连句成文(尽量使用本单元所学知识点)参考范文：WhenMrs.MeredithheardofJohn'sidea,shethoughtitwasagoodone,too.WithMrs.Meredith'sarrangement,JohnpoppedcornswithHarry.AndClaraputthemintopaperbags.Allofthemfeltexpectedbecausethiswasthefirsttimeforthemtomakepopcornsbythemselves.Atthesametime,helpingBernardmakealivingmadethemfeelproud.Withthepopcorn,theywenttoBernard'shome.TheytoldBernardhowtosellthepopcorn.Bernardandhisparentswereverygrateful.
Witheverythingready，Bernardstartedoutonhisnewbusiness.Andmuchsoonerthancouldbeexpected,hereturnedwithanemptybasket.Neverhadheearnedsomuchmoneybeforeinhislife.Whenhefoundthatitallbelongedtohimself,hewassodelightedthathecouldhardlyspeak，buthisbrightsmilingfacespokeforhim.Peoplebegantowatchforthe“littlepopcornboy”，whoearnedsomemoneytotakehomeeveryweek.AllthiswasbecauseofJohn'sgreatidea，andthewayhecarrieditout.
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