UNIT2 IconicAttractionsA组·基础巩固Ⅰ.语法填空ACaliforniaisthethird1.________(large)stateintheUSAbuthasthelargestpopulation.ItisthemostmulticulturalstateintheUSA.Thisisnot2.________(surprise)whenyouknowthehistoryofCalifornia3.________hasattractedpeoplefrom4.________(near)everycountryintheworld.Noonereallyknowswhattimethefirst5.________(settle)arrivedinwhatwenowknowasCalifornia.ScientistsbelievethattheNativeAmericansreachedAlaska6.________meansofalandbridge.Inthe18thcenturyCaliforniawasruledbySpain.OfthefirstSpanishtogotoCalifornia,themajority7.________(be)religiousmen.In1848,gold8.________(discover)inCaliforniaandthedreamofbecomingrichquicklyattractedpeoplefromallovertheworld.Infact,fewachievedtheirdream,butmostremainedinCaliforniatomakealifeforthemselves.Inmorerecentdecades,California9.________(become)hometopeoplefromAsia.Itisbelievedthatbeforelongthemixofnationalitieswillbesogreat10.________therewillbenomajorracialorculturalgroups.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了美国加利福尼亚州的历史。1.largest 考查形容词的最高级。根据空前的“thethird”可知，此处要用最高级形式。2.surprising 考查形容词。所填词在句中作表语，要用形容词；再结合句子的主语This可知，本空要填surprising。3.which/that 考查定语从句。分析句子成分可知，空格后是一个定语从句，修饰California，关系词在从句中作主语，故填which/that。4.nearly 考查副词。修饰every要用near的副词形式。5.settlers 考查名词。所填词在句中作主语，故用名词形式；根据语境可知，此处要用名词的复数形式。6.by 考查介词。bymeansof为固定短语，意为“通过……的方式”。7.were 考查时态和主谓一致。根据句中的时间状语“Inthe18thcentury”可知，要用一般过去时；根据下文中的“religiousmen”可知，动词要用复数形式。8.wasdiscovered 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。根据句中的时间状语“In1848”可知，要用一般过去时；另外，动词与主语gold之间是被动关系，且gold是不可数名词，动词要用单数形式。9.hasbecome 考查时态和主谓一致。根据句中的时间状语“Inmorerecentdecades”可知，要用现在完成时；句子的主语是California，动词要用单数形式。10.that 考查状语从句。本句是“so...that...”句型。B
TheannualWaterSplashingFestivaloftheDaiethnicminorityfallsduringtheNewYearperiodoftheDaiCalendar.Itisthemostimportantfestival1.________(observe)bytheDaiethnicpeopleofXishuangbannaPrefecture.Thefestivallastsforthreedays.Thefirsttwodays'2.________(activity)areconcentratedonthebanksoftheLancangRiver.Onthefirstday,agrand3.________(celebrate)marksthebeginningofthefestival.Anoutdoormarketissetup4.________localsgoforNewYearshopping.Artistscreatesandcarvingsonopenspaceclosetothemarket.Adragonboatrace5.________(hold)ontheLancangRiver6.________(ring)outtheoldyearintheafternoon.Atnight,thebanksoftheriverare7.________(colourful)lit,andlocalsfloatriverlanternsontheriver.Thethirdday,theclimaxofthefestival,isreservedforwatersplashing.Onthatday,theDaiputontheir8.________(new)andbestclothesandthenassemble.WaterisregardedbytheDaiasasymbolofgoodwillamongpeople.Therefore,splashingafellowhumanbeingwithwaterduringtheWaterSplashingFestival,9.________acloseneighbourorafellowvillager,orevenastranger,is10.________expressionofthedesireforgoodluckandprosperitytothatperson.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了傣族泼水节的庆典活动。1.observed 考查非谓语动词。festival和observe有逻辑上的动宾关系，所以用v.ed形式作定语。2.activities 考查名词。activity是可数名词，根据上文中的“Thefirsttwodays'...”可知要用复数形式。3.celebration 考查名词。分析句子成分可知，所填的词作主语，所以用名词形式。4.where 考查状语从句。分析句子成分可知，此处是状语从句，表示地点，所以填where。5.isheld 考查时态和语态。hold和adragonboatrace为动宾关系，所以用一般现在时的被动语态。6.toring 考查非谓语动词。分析句子成分可知，所填词所在处作目的状语，所以用动词不定式。7.colourfully 考查副词。所填词修饰动词lit，所以用副词形式。8.newest 考查形容词最高级。根据下文中的“best”可知，此处用最高级与之并列。9.whether 考查连词。根据后面的“or”可知，此处表达“无论是亲密的邻居、乡亲，还是陌生人”，故填whether。10.an 考查冠词。expression意为“表达；表情”，在此处是可数名词，表示泛指，且以元音音素开头，所以填an。Ⅱ.根据提示补全句子1.我们迫不及待地想知道谁获得了这次演讲比赛的一等奖。(can'twaittodo)Wecan't_wait_to_knowwhohaswonthefirstprizeofthespeakingcontest.2.她闭着眼睛，静静地回忆那天晚会上发生的一切。(with复合结构)
Shequietlyrecalledallthathappenedattheeveningpartythatdaywith_her_eyes_closed.3.虽然身体不好，但他仍然努力工作。(while)While_he_is_in_poor_health,hestillworkshard.4.虽然被对方球队打败了，但我们并没有灰心而是相互鼓励。(过去分词作状语)Beaten_by_the_opposite_team,wedidn'tloseheartandencouragedeachother.5.在办公室工作的人往往被称为“白领工作者”。(referto...as...)Peoplewhoworkinofficesare_frequently_referred_to_as“whitecollarworkers”．B组·能力提升Ⅰ.阅读理解ACanadiansareblessedwithanabundanceofnaturalwonderswithenoughlakes,mountainsandriverstoexploreforalifetime.We'vealsogotsomeofthemostamazingwaterfallsonEarth.HorseshoeFalls—NiagaraFalls,OntarioNiagaraFallsarethemostfamouswaterfallsinCanada—andunderstandablyso.Actuallytheyaremadeupofthreedifferentfalls,andthefittinglynamedHorseshoeFallsistheonlyonelocatedontheCanadianside,whichisthemostpowerfulinNorthAmerica.Multipleviewingoptionsareavailableincludingtouristshipsandsightseeingbuses.Nailicho(VirginiaFalls)—NahanniNationalParkReserve,NorthwestTerritoriesCominginattwicetheheightofNiagaraFalls,thismassivewaterfallislocatedontheSouthNahanniRiverintheNorthwestTerritories.Theremotelocationmeansitreceivesonlyabout1,000visitorsperyearwhomustmaketheirwaybyeitherboatorfloatplane.TakakkawFalls—YohoNationalPark,BritishColumbiaTakakkawtranslatedfromCreelooselymeans“themagnificent(壮丽的)”，andit'sasuitablewordforthesecondhighestwaterfallinCanada.Afterasteepdriveupawindingroad,TakakkawFallsisonlyashortdistancefromtheparkinglotalongawheelchairaccessiblepath.BridalVeilFalls—BridalVeilFallsProvincialPark,BritishColumbiaPrettyanddelicate,BridalVeilFallsislocatedjusteastofChilliwack,BritishColumbia,andreallydoeslooklikeitsname,withwatergentlypouringoversmoothrock.Aneasy15minutewalktothewaterfalltakesyouthroughrichleaves.Tablesareavailabletohaveamealoutdoors,andtherearelotsofopportunitiesforviewingwildlifealongtheway.1.WhatdoweknowaboutHorseshoeFalls?A.Itiseasilyaccessible.B.Itconsistsofthreefalls.C.Itlimitstouristnumbers.D.ItcrossesNorthAmerica.2.HowcanvisitorsgotoTakakkawFalls?A.Bytouristship. B.Bycablecar.
C.Byfloatplane.D.Bycar.3.WhatcanvisitorsdoinBridalVeilFalls?A.Swim.B.Camp.C.Picnic.D.Hunt.【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了加拿大的一些令人惊叹的瀑布。1.A 细节理解题。根据第一个小标题下的“Multipleviewingoptionsareavailableincludingtouristshipsandsightseeingbuses.”可知，欣赏马蹄瀑布有多种选择，其中包括游船和游览巴士，故马蹄瀑布的交通便利，很容易就可以到达。2.D 细节理解题。根据第三个小标题下的“Afterasteepdriveupawindingroad，TakakkawFallsisonlyashortdistancefromtheparkinglotalongawheelchairaccessiblepath.”可知，游客可以驾车前往塔卡考瀑布。3.C 细节理解题。根据最后一个小标题下的“Tablesareavailabletohaveamealoutdoors”可知，游客可以在新娘面纱瀑布进行野餐，故选C。BAnewdeviceworkslikeasolarpanel,exceptthatitdoesn'tharvestenergyfromthesun.Itabsorbsenergyfromthecoldnightsky.Aprototype(原型)ofthedeviceproducedenoughelectricityatnighttopowerasmalllightbulb.Abiggerversionmightonedaylightroomsorchargephones.Itcouldalsopowerelectronicsinremoteorlowresourceareasthatlackelectricity.ThedevicemakesuseofthetemperaturedifferencebetweenEarthandouterspace.Itthenusesthatdifferencetocreateelectricity.Aslongasonesideofitiscoolerthantheother,thegeneratorcanproduceelectricity.Thecoolersidefacestheskyandisattachedtoanaluminumplate.Thatplateissealedbeneathatransparentcoverandsurroundedwithinsulation(隔热材料)tokeepoutheat.Thebottomofthegeneratorisattachedtoanexposedaluminumplate.Thatplateiswarmedbythelocalair.Atnight,thetopplatecangetacoupleofdegreesCelsiuscoolerthanthebottomofthegenerator.Researcherstesteda20centimetreprototypeoneclearDecembernightinStanford，California.Thegeneratorproduceduptoabout25milliwattsofpowerpersquaremetreofthedevice.Thatwasenoughpowertolightasmalllightemittingdiode,orLEDbulb.Furtherimprovementsmightincreaseitsproductiontoatleast500milliwattspersquaremetre.Todothat,thesystemmightneedmoreinsulationaroundthecooltopplate.Thedevicealsocouldhelppowerremoteweatherstationsorotherenvironmentaldevices,saysAaswathRaman.HeisamaterialscientistwhoworkedonthedeviceattheUniversityofCalifornia,LosAngeles.“Thismaybeusefulinpolarregionsthatdon'tseesunlightformonthsatatime，”Ramansays.“Ifyouhavesomelowpowerloadandyouneedtopoweritthroughthreemonthsofdarkness,thismightbeaway.”4.Whatcanweknowaboutthenewdevice?
A.Itgainsenergyfromthesun.B.It'sbeenwidelyusedinlife.C.Itiscoolerthanasolarpanel.D.It'llbepopularinspecialareas.5.WhatdoestheauthormainlytalkaboutinParagraph3?A.Applicationfieldsofthedevice.B.Thedevelopingprocessofthedevice.C.Theworkingprincipleofthedevice.D.Significanteffectsofthedevice.6.Howcanthedeviceproducemoreelectricity?A.Byputtingmoreinsulationaroundthetopplate.B.Byusingitinextremelycoldandclearnights.C.Byattachingthebottomplatetoawarmplate.D.Bycoveringthetopplatewithatransparentlid.7.Whatcouldbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.ADeviceUsingtheColdNightSkytoProduceElectricityB.ADeviceBringingNewHopeforThoseintheColdNightC.TheDifferenceBetweenaSolarPanelandaNewDeviceD.TheTemperatureDifferenceBetweenEarthandOuterSpace【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项最新的科研发明——反太阳能电池板，它可以从寒冷的夜空中收集能量，然后通过利用地表和远处空间的温差来产生电能。4.D 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Itcouldalsopowerelectronicsinremoteorlowresourceareasthatlackelectricity.”和最后一段中的“Ifyouhavesomelowpowerloadandyouneedtopoweritthroughthreemonthsofdarkness,thismightbeaway.”可知，这种装置在一些偏远地区或缺电的地区帮助发电；另外，在极地地区数月不见阳光时，这种装置可以帮助发电。由此可推知，这个新设备会在一些特殊地区受欢迎。故选D。5.C 段落大意题。根据第三段内容可知，该装置利用地球和外层空间的温差来发电。只要它的一边比另一边冷，发电机就能发电。由此可推知，第三段主要讲了这种装置发电的工作原理。故选C。6.A 细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句“Todothat,thesystemmightneedmoreinsulationaroundthecooltopplate.”可知，该装置系统需要在上面的金属板四周安装更多的隔热材料才可以产生更多的电能。故选A。7.A 标题归纳题。根据文章第一段并结合全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了一项最新的科研发明，这种装置可以从寒冷的夜空中收集能量，然后通过利用地表和远处空间的温差来产生电能。所以短文的最佳标题为“利用寒冷的夜空来发电的装置”。故选A。Ⅱ.七选五
ReasonsWhyYouShouldGotoCollegeTherearemanyimportantreasonswhyayoungpersonshouldconsidergoingtocollegeotherthanjustthepotentialfinancialrewards.Haveanewbeginning.Sometimesyoujustneedafreshstartinlife. 1 Goingtocollegeisaperfectopportunitytobreakoutofthatoldshellandbecomesomeonetotallynew.Learnsomethingyoulike.Itistruethatmanydegreesdonotprepareyoufortherealworldintermsofwhatyoulearn. 2 Takesometimetoenjoylearningwhatyouaretrulypassionateabout. 3 Whileparentsmaybeworriedabouttheirchildren'snewfoundfreedom,teensaregenerallyprettyexcitedaboutit.Collegecangiveayoungpersontheindependencetheythinktheyneedaswellastheopportunitytostartmakingtheirowndecisions.Developyourinterest.Ifyouareinterestedinpolitics,youcangetinvolvedinthestudentgovernment.Ifyouwanttobeajournalist,hereisanopportunitytogetaheadstartbyworkingfortheschoolpaper. 4 5 Forsomepeople,thenumberonereasontogotocollegemaysimplybetheopportunitytomovetoanewplace.Manypeoplelivinginthenorthmaywanttogotoschoolinthesouthtoescapethecold.Othersmayjustwanttogetoutofasmalltownandseetheworld.Evenmovingfromachildhoodhousetoadormitoryinalocalcollegecampuscanbeagreatchange.A.Beindependent.B.Figureoutwhoyouare.C.Getachangeofscenery.D.Enjoythebesttimeofyourlifeincollege.E.Whateveryouareinterestedin,thereisagroupforit.F.However,acollegeeducationisanopportunitytolearnwhatyoulove.G.Youneedtogiveupyouroldhabitsandyouroldself,andbecomethepersonyouwanttobe.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要分析了青少年应该上大学的一些原因。1.G 本选项承接上一句说明上大学是为了有一个全新的开始，你需要放弃原来的习惯和自我，成为你想成为的人，故选G。2.F 本选项与上一句构成语意上的转折关系，与主旨相对应，并与下一句构成语意上的并列关系，共同说明上大学是为了学习一些你喜欢的东西，故选F。3.A 根据本段中的关键信息词freedom,independence和makingtheirowndecisions可以概括出本段的主旨，即实现独立自主，故选A。4.E 本选项承接前面的两个条件状语从句，总结性地说明：无论你对什么感兴趣，你都能找到相应的团体，故选E。5.C 本段主要讲很多人上大学是为了追求新的环境，感受不一样的风景，故选C。
Ⅲ.应用文写作(2020·山东名校联考)假定你是李华，你与班上来自英国的交换生Mike约定周日去购买他喜欢的中国历史书籍，但你临时有事不能赴约。请你给他用英语写一封邮件说明情况，内容包括：1.表示你的歉意；2.解释失约原因；3.重新约定时间。注意：1.词数80左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。【参考范文】DearMike，DeeplysorryfornotbeingabletogotothebookstorewithyouforyourfavouritebooksrelatedtotheChinesehistorythisSunday.I'mwritinginanefforttomakeachangetoourplan.JustnowIwasinformedtoattendanimportantvoluntaryactivitytobeheldontheveryday.Sowoulditbepossibleforustogothereanothertime,let'ssay,nextSundaymorning?Ifso,we'llhaveenoughtimetomakeachoiceaboutwhichbookstobuy.Pleaseletmeknowyourdecisionassoonaspossible.Yours，LiHua
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