专题四 七选五
篇章分析解题步骤
篇章分析解题步骤1.命题特点:体裁以说明文为主,偶尔会给出标题。但2017年全国Ⅰ的选文为记叙文,打破了常规的选文体裁模式。2.选材特点:内容贴近生活,教人如何学习、如何做事、如何生活等,体现了高考提升学科素养、提升综合素质的宗旨,更符合高中英语教学实际,并越来越与考生的学习经历和生活经历相关联,引导考生关爱自我、关爱社会。
篇章分析解题步骤3.设空特点:空格设置可能在首段末、文中段首、文中段中或文中段末。在首段末时,主要是要求考生选下文的主题句;文中段首主要考查段落小标题或段落的主题句:标题一般为名词短语或祈使句。文中段中段落主题句之后,很可能是说明原因、举例证明、分述细化主题、解释前句中的某个概念等。位于文中段中,可能只起衔接作用。位于段末或文末,可能是结论句。值得说明的是,2018年全国Ⅰ的第36题和第37题需要填入半句话(即复合句中的从句部分),以往高考题中也出现过这种情况,答好这样的题目不但要求考生理解前后句,而且要求考生对相应主句的意思和结构把握到位。相对于试题中选择完整语句的选项,这类试题对考生的理解能力和逻辑思维能力要求更高。
篇章分析解题步骤满分流程:步骤规范,定位精准
考点一考点二考点三段首设空【阅卷寄语】段首设空题,主要有以下特点:1.主题句:段落小标题或段落主题句,标题的特点为:位于段首,短小精悍。2.过渡句:正确选项与上一段尾句关系紧密。
考点一考点二考点三(一)段首主题句典题感悟【典例1】(2018全国Ⅱ,节选)...●39Studiesfoundthatpeoplewhowokeupearlyforexercisesleptbetterthanthosewhoexercisedintheevening.Exerciseenergizesyou,soitismoredifficulttorelaxandhaveapeacefulsleepwhenyouareveryexcited.●40Ifyouworkoutbrightandearlyinthemorning,youwillbemorelikelytosticktohealthyfoodchoicesthroughouttheday.Whowouldwanttoruintheirgoodworkoutbyeatingjunkfood?Youwillwanttocontinuetofocusonpositivechoices.Therearealotofbenefitstoworkingout,especiallyinthemornings.Setyouralarmclockanhourearlyandpushyourselftoworkout!Youwillfeelenergizedalldaylong.
考点一考点二考点三A.Youwillsticktoyourdiet.B.Yourqualityofsleepimproves.C.Youpreferhealthyfoodtofastfood.D.Thereisnoreasonyoushouldexerciseinthemorning.E.Youcankeepyourheadclearfor4-10hoursafterexercise.F.Afteryouexercise,youcontinuetoburncaloriesthroughouttheday.G.Ifyouareplanningtodoexerciseregularly,oryou’redoingitnow,thenlistenup!39.B39题的下一句讲的是晨练对睡眠的好处,因此B项“睡眠质量得以提高”符合逻辑,因此选B项。40.A40题的下一句讲的是如果晨练,你就更会坚持吃健康的食物,因此A句“你会坚持你的饮食习惯”符合逻辑。
考点一考点二考点三状元笔记前瞻后望找启示(1)利用上一段尾句和空格后一、二句确定相关信息词。在选项中查找与之相关的内容。(2)空格所在段落有小标题,空格及其后的句子就是对标题的解读。
考点一考点二考点三【典例2】(2016·10浙江,节选)...Dowellinschool....Dogoodinyourcommunity(社区)....Remember,they’retheretohelpyoubethebestthatyoucanbe.Respectthemandvaluetheiropinions,eveniftheyannoyyousometimes....
考点一考点二考点三A.Livelifetothefullest.B.Schoolsetsyouupontherighttrack!C.Benicetoyourparentsandteachers.D.Findchancestodovolunteerworkthatinterestsyou.E.Itwillhelpyoupasstimeanddevelopyourpersonality.F.Herearesomeimportantpointsthatyoumayfindhelpful.G.Keepinmindthattheydothethingstheydobecausetheycareaboutyou.C本题要求选段落首句。观察其他段落首句,都是祈使句,因此,本空答案也应是祈使句。七个选项中只有A、C、D、G四个选项是祈使句,这样就可大大缩小选择范围;浏览四个选项,再看空格后文字:尊重他们,珍惜他们的建议,即使有时候他们使你很烦。故上句意思应是“要对你的老师和父母好。”故选C项。
考点一考点二考点三技法点拨技法.分析结构,缩小范围解题时要从词、句、篇三个方面去寻找解题线索,即从文章中出现的关键词、选项中的句式结构特点和文章的整体篇章结构三个方面来综合考虑,找到命题规律。在解题过程中,除了每做一道有把握的题后就在7个选项中将其画掉缩小范围外,通过观察语言结构也可将选择范围大大缩小。一般可将7个选项缩小到2~4个选项,这样就大大提高了解题的效率。如果考查段落首句或段落标题,先看看其他同位置句子或标题的结构形式,因为它们基本上是同一语言形式。如果都是名词短语,该题答案也是名词短语;如果都是祈使句,该题的答案也是祈使句。
考点一考点二考点三(二)段首过渡句典题感悟...Therearethreemaintypesofcryptography.Youcanhideamessagebyhavingthefirstlettersofeachworldspellitout.Forexample,thefirstlettersof“Myelephanteatstoomanyeels”Spelloutthehiddenmessage“Meetme.”Youmightrepresenteachletterwithanumber,forexample,let’snumberthelettersofthealphabet,inorder,from1to
考点一考点二考点三26.Ifwesubstituteanumberforeachletter,themessage“Meetme”wouldread“135520135.”...C.Onlypeoplewhoknowthekeywordcanreadthemessage.D.Aslongastherehavebeencodes,peoplehavetriedtobreakthem....G.Anotherwaytohideamessageistousesymbolstostandforspecificlettersofthealphabet.G本题空格在段首,需要填一个主旨句或一个承上启下句。仔细阅读下文可知,上文说的是有三种主要类型的密码学并介绍了第一种类型,本段介绍的是第二种类型,再根据空格后的内容可知,此处应选G项。由叙述顺序也可知G项中的Anotherway是一个解题线索。
考点一考点二考点三状元笔记借助词语复现,快速锁定答案空格后句中有thealphabet(字母表),有此词的选项中只有G项,故选G项。另外,G项中的standfor与空格后的represent是同义复现。技法点拨技法.瞻前顾后定答案在某段第一句设空的内容也有可能为承上启下的句子,这就需要考生做到瞻前顾后,既熟悉上一段结尾的内容,又结合下一段的内容,分析所选的答案是否能够将两段内容衔接起来。
考点一考点二考点三考点集训A组基础语篇练技法Passage1Areyoutrulyhappy?Doyoueverknowwhatitmeanstobehappyandwhatittakestoachievehappiness?1.ThefollowingareafewtipsthatIfollowtocreatehappinessinmylife.※Makeaplanforattaininggoalsthatyoubelievewillmakeyouhappy.Yourmoodswillverylikelyincreaseifyouaregoingaftersomethingyouvalue....
考点一考点二考点三※Whensomethinggoeswrong,trytofigureoutasolutioninsteadofbeingabsorbedinselfpity.Trulyhappypeopledon’tallowsetbackstoaffecttheirmoodbecausetheyknowthatwithalittlethoughttheycanturnthecircumstancesbacktotheirfavor.※2.Thesefewminuteswillgiveyoutheopportunitytofocusonthepositivethingsinyourlifeandwillleadyoutocontinuoushappiness.※3.Whetheryoutreatyourselftolunch,takealong,relaxingbathorsimplyspendafewextraminutesonyourappearance,youwillbesubconsciously(下意识地)puttingyourselfinabettermood....
考点一考点二考点三A.Onthecontrary,ifyouarearoundpeoplewhoarehappy,theiremotionalstatewillbeinfectious.B.Whatmakesonepersonhappymaybeverydifferentfromwhatmakessomeoneelsehappy.C.Beingoverweightornoteatingnutritiousfoodscanhaveanegativeeffectonyourmood.D.Therearesometipsinlifethatleadtohappiness.E.It’salsoimportanttotakesometimeeachdaytodosomethingniceforyourself.F.Theseareimportantquestionsforanyonewhoisseekinghappinesstoaskthemselves.G.Spendafewminuteseachdaythinkingaboutthethingsthatmakeyouhappy.
考点一考点二考点三答案与解析:1.F考查段首过渡句的选择。根据“Areyoutrulyhappy?Doyoueverknowwhatitmeanstobehappyandwhatittakestoachievehappiness?”可知这是寻求幸福的人问的问题。分析F项(Theseareimportantquestionsforanyonewhoisseekinghappinesstoaskthemselves)即“这些问题是任何渴望得到快乐的人必须面对的”符合题意。因此F项正确。2.G考查段首主题句的选择。本段讲述“人应该做一些让自己快乐的事情”。所以本段的小标题应该是G项“Spendafewminuteseachdaythinkingaboutthethingsthatmakeyouhappy.(每天花点时间想一些让自己快乐的事)”。故G项符合题意。
考点一考点二考点三3.E考查段首主题句的选择。根据空后的“treatyourselftolunch,takealong,relaxingbathorsimplyspendafewextraminutesonyourappearance”可知每天花时间做一些让自己心情好起来的事情。分析选项可知,E项(每天花点时间做点对自己好的事也是很重要的)符合题意。故选E项。
考点一考点二考点三Passage2Nomatterwhereyouareontherisk-seekingrange,scientistssaythatyourwillingnesstotakerisksincreasesduringyourteenageyears.Thisiswhenyoustarttomoveawayfromyourfamilyandintothebiggerworld.Tohelpyoudothat,yourbrainincreasesyourhungerfornewexperiences.Newexperiencesoftenmeantakingsomerisks,soyourbrainraisesyourtoleranceforriskaswell.Fortherisk-seekers,apartofthebrainrelatedtopleasurebecomesactive,whilefortherestofus,apartofthebrainrelatedtofearbecomesactive.
考点一考点二考点三A.Italldependsonyourcharacter.B.Thosearetherisksyoushouldjumptotake.C.Beingbetteratthosethingsmeantagreaterchanceofsurvival.D.Thus,thesewell-equippedpeoplesurvivedbecausetheywerethefittest....F.However,wearenotallusingthesamereferencestandardtoweighrisksandrewards.G.Newbrainresearchsuggestsourbrainsworkdifferentlywhenwefaceanervoussituation.
考点一考点二考点三答案与解析:G本题空格在段首,需要填一个主旨句或一个承上启下句。上文主要讲述了科学家的观点——对冒险活动的热爱在青少年时期有所增长。大脑增加了对新经历的渴望,而新的经历也意味着许多冒险。题空处承接上文,引入下文的讲述,即“新的大脑研究表明当我们面对紧张的情况时,我们的大脑的工作方式是不同的。”接着阐述是如何的不同。故选G项。【状元笔记】瞻前顾后,锁定答案在某段第一句设空的内容也有可能为承上启下的句子,这就需要我们做到瞻前顾后,既熟悉上一段结尾的内容,又结合下一段的内容,分析所选的答案是否能够将两段内容衔接起来。
B组模拟语篇提能力Passage3主题语境:人与自我——完善自我建议用时:7’实际用时:正答率:/5(2019浙江名校联考)HowtoOvercomeShynessHaveyoueverfounditembarrassingtotalkinfrontofthepublic?Infact,agreatnumberofpeoplearestrugglingwithshyness.1.●Actconfidently.Confidencecomesthroughaction,learning,practice,andmastery.Rememberwhenyoulearnedhowtorideabike?Itwasterrifyingatfirst,butafteryoujustwentforitandtriedit,yougotit,andfeltconfident.Socialconfidenceworksthesameway.2Removeavoidanceandyouwillovercomeyouranxiety.考点一考点二考点三
考点一考点二考点三●Engageyourself.Thismeansparticipatinginsmalltalkinthecheckoutlineandtalkingtostrangersatbars,stores,sportingevents,andthegym.Additionally,approachtheindividualsbywhomyouareattractedromantically.Talktothem.Askthemtodance.Askthemoutondates.Lifeisshort.Whocaresifyougetrejected?Thereareaboutsevenbillionpeopleonthisplanet.You’renotexpectedtolikeorbelikedbyallofthem.3.
考点一考点二考点三●4.Joinaclub,asportsteamoranoutdooractivity.Pickupanewprojectorlearnanewskill.Dosomethingtogetoutofyourcomfortzone.Partofovercomingshynessisaboutdevelopingconfidenceinseveralareasofyourlifeandnotlettinganxiety,fearoffailure,fearofrejection,orfearofhumiliationgetinyourway.Bypracticingnewactivities,youareconfrontingyourfearoftheunknownandlearningtohandlethatanxietymoreeffectively.●Talkitout.5Bemoretalkativeandexpressiveinallareasofyourlife.Whetheryou’reatwork,withfriends,withstrangers,orwalkingdownthestreet,youcanpracticetalkingmoreopenly.Letyourvoiceandyourideasbeheard.
考点一考点二考点三A.Getoutmoreoften.B.Trynewthings.C.Shynesscanbeacharacteristicofpeoplewhohavelowself-esteem.D.Fortunately,therearesomeeffectivestrategiestoovercomeshyness.E.Startpracticinggivingspeechesandtellingstoriesateveryopportunity.F.Takesomechancesandputyourselfouttheretomeetnewpeople.G.Feelinganxiousisnottheproblem;avoidingsocialinteractionsistheproblem.
考点一考点二考点三答案与解析:【语篇解读】你是否曾经觉得在公众面前讲话很尴尬?文章介绍“如何克服害羞”的方法。1.D上文提示“事实上,很多人都在与害羞作斗争。”承接上文,D项“Fortunately,therearesomeeffectivestrategiestoovercomeshyness.(幸运的是,有一些有效的策略可以克服害羞。)”切题。关键词为shyness。故选D项。2.G下文提示“消除逃避,你就能克服焦虑。”承接下文,G项“Feelinganxiousisnottheproblem;avoidingsocialinteractionsistheproblem.(焦虑不是问题所在:避免社交是问题所在。)”切题。该项中的anxious和avoiding与下文中的anxiety和avoidance相吻合。故选G项。
考点一考点二考点三3.F上文提示“你不可能喜欢所有人或被所有人喜欢。”承接上文,F“项Takesomechancesandputyourselfouttheretomeetnewpeople.(抓住机会去结识新朋友。)”切题。故选F项。4.B此空是小标题,应该用短小精悍的祈使句,在A项或B项中选择。下文提示“参加俱乐部、运动队或户外活动。开始一个新项目或学习一项新技能。”由此可知,B项“Trynewthings.(尝试新事物)”切题。故选B项。5.E此处小标题“说出来”。再根据下文提示“在生活的各个方面都要多说、多表达。”承接小标题和下文,E项“Startpracticinggivingspeechesandtellingstoriesateveryopportunity.(一有机会就开始练习演讲和讲故事。)”切题。故选E项。
考点一考点二考点三Passage4主题语境:人与社会——跨文化沟通建议用时:8’实际用时:正答率:/5Livinginaculturethatisdifferentfromyourowncanbebothanexcitingandchallengingexperience.Youhavetolearndifferentculturalpracticesandtrytoadapttothem.1Theytalkabouttopicssuchasages,incomeormaritalstatus,whichAmericansthinkisannoyingandintrusive.InChina,eldersaretraditionallytreatedwithenormousrespectanddignitywhiletheyoungarecherishedandnurtured.InAmerica,thegoalofthefamilyistoencourageindependence,particularlythatofthechildren.2.
考点一考点二考点三Chinesepeoplehavedifferentmeaningstodefinefriends.3Friendshipmeanslifelongfriendswhofeeldeeplyobligatedtogiveeachotherwhateverhelpmightseemrequired.Americansalwayscallpeopletheymeetfriends,sothedefinitionoffriendsisgeneralanddifferent.Thereareworkfriends,playingfriends,schoolfriendsanddrinkingfriends.Asiswellknown,theChineseliketosave.4ItisdifferentintheUSA,wherefarfewerfamiliesaresavingmoneyforemergenciesandeducationthantheirChinesecounterparts.5IfyouachievesomethingintheUS,it’sbecauseyouweregreat.WhileinChina,ifyouachievesomethinginChinait’sbecausetheteam,orfamily,orcompanyisgreat.Everythingyoudogetsattributedtothegreaterwhole,whileinAmericaindividualmeritsarecelebrated.
考点一考点二考点三A.Justhangingouttogethertimetotimeisnotfriendship.B.Chinesepeopleputmoreemphasisongoodcharacterandfaith.C.ChinesepeoplevalueeducationandcareermorethanAmericans.D.Theyarealwaysconservativewhentheyareplanningtospendmoney.E.BasicallyChinavaluesthecommunityandtheUSvaluestheindividual.F.ChinesepeopledonothavethesameconceptofprivacyasAmericansdo.G.UnliketheChinese,olderAmericansseldomlivewiththeirchildren.
考点一考点二考点三答案与解析:【语篇解读】本文是一篇文化类说明文。文章从不同的方面分别介绍了中美两国之间的文化差异。1.F主题句。根据空后内容可知本段主要讲的是中美两国人之间对待个人隐私的不同概念。中国人问年龄、收入、婚姻状况,而美国人则认为这是一种冒犯。F选项讲的是中国人和美国人对隐私观念不一样,符合语境,故选F项。2.G上文讲的是中国老年人受到尊重而年轻人受到爱护,即:尊老爱幼。而美国家庭鼓励独立。因此不像中国人,美国老人很少与子女生活在一起。G选项正是承接上文。
考点一考点二考点三3.A根据上文内容中国人对朋友有不同的含义,接下来A项说到只是偶尔出去闲逛不是友谊,然后引出友谊的概念,符合上下文逻辑关系,故选A项。4.D根据上下文语境可知本段讲的是针对花钱的态度。上文提到中国人喜欢存钱,因此花钱计划上比较保守,下文讲的是美国人的花钱态度。D项符合上下文逻辑关系及语境。5.E本段讲的是对待集体和个人之间的关系。E项正是对本段内容的概括和总结。
考点一考点二考点三长难句分析:Friendshipmeanslifelongfriendswhofeeldeeplyobligatedtogiveeachotherwhateverhelpmightseemrequired.句式分析:这是一个复合句,who引导的是一个定语从句,whatever引导的是一个宾语从句,作动词give的直接宾语。句意:友谊意味着终身的朋友,他们深感有义务给予对方任何看起来需要的帮助。
考点一考点二考点三C组真题语篇通高考Passage5主题语境:人与自然——人与环境建议用时:9’实际用时:正答率:/5(2019全国Ⅰ)IsFreshAirReallyGoodforYou?Weallgrewuphearingpeopletellusto“gooutandgetsomefreshair”.1Accordingtorecentstudies,theanswerisabigYES,iftheairqualityinyourcampingareaisgood.2Iftheairyou’rebreathingisclean—whichitwouldbeifyou’reawayfromthesmogofcities—thentheairisfilledwithlife-giving,energizingoxygen.Ifyouexerciseoutofdoors,yourbodywilllearntobreathemoredeeply,allowingevenmoreoxygentogettoyourmuscles(肌肉)andyourbrain.
考点一考点二考点三Recently,peoplehavebegunstudyingtheconnectionbetweenthenaturalworldandhealing(治愈).3Intheseplacespatientscangotobenearnatureduringtheirrecovery.Itturnsoutthatjustlookingatgreen,growingthingscanreducestress,lowerbloodpressure,andputpeopleintoabettermood(情绪).Greeneryisgoodforus.Hospitalpatientswhoseetreebranchesouttheirwindowarelikelytorecoveratafasterratethanpatientswhoseebuildingsorskyinstead.4Itgivesusagreatfeelingofpeace.5Whilethesun’srayscanageandharmourskin,theyalsogiveusbeneficialVitaminD.TomakesureyougetenoughVitaminD—butstillprotectyourskin—putonsunscreenrightasyouheadoutside.Ittakessunscreenaboutfifteenminutestostartworking,andthat’splentyoftimeforyourskintoabsorbaday’sworthofVitaminD.
考点一考点二考点三A.Freshaircleansourlungs.B.Sowhatareyouwaitingfor?C.Beinginnaturerefreshesus.D.Anothersidebenefitofgettingfreshairissunlight.E.Butisfreshairreallyasgoodforyouasyourmotheralwayssaid?F.Justasimportantly,wetendtoassociatefreshairwithhealthcare.G.Allacrossthecountry,recoverycentershavebegunbuildingHealingGardens.
考点一考点二考点三答案与解析:【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章论述了呼吸新鲜空气对身体健康的重要性。1.E本题考查过渡句。根据空格后面的“theanswerisabigYES”可知该空是一个疑问句,因此答案锁定在B项和E项之间。句意:我们一直听着人们说“出门呼吸一下新鲜空气”长大,但是新鲜空气真的有你妈妈一直说的那么有益吗?根据最近的研究,如果在你露营的区域空气质量好的话,答案是肯定的。故选E项。2.A本题考查主旨句。这一空出现在第二段段首,是全段的总起句,后文说到如果空气干净,那么空气中就会充满有活力的氧气,会有更多的氧气输送到肌肉和大脑中,氧气是由肺部吸入的,因此A项中的“lungs”与此段话吻合,故选A项。
考点一考点二考点三3.G本题考查细节句。本段第一句属于总起句,表明新鲜空气对治疗病人有帮助。G项中的“recoverycenters”以及“HealingGardens”对应该空前面的“healing”和该空后面的“recovery”。4.C本题考查总结句。第三段讲的是亲近自然对身体的好处,且后一句话主语是It,C项中的主语“Beinginnature”与之相对应。5.D本题考查主旨句。第四段讲述空气新鲜的地方阳光更充足。D项中的“sunlight”对应本段中的“thesun’srays”。
考点一考点二考点三段中设空【阅卷寄语】段中设空即主题句的展开句。尤其注意分析空前后的逻辑关系和行文逻辑及内容的连贯性,注意各句间的衔接手段。其特点主要以转折手法引出主题句,或者是用来承上启下的过渡句,也可能是补充前文具体的事实、事例和说明。
考点一考点二考点三(一)并列、因果、递进关系典题感悟【典例1】...Oneistheestablishment(制定)ofbroadbasicpolicieswithrespecttoproduction;sales;thepurchaseofequipment,materialsandsupplies;andaccounting.Thethirdrelatestotheestablishmentofstandardsofwordinalldepartments....E.Thesecondaspectrelatestotheapplicationofthesepoliciesbydepartments.F.Inthetheoryofbusinessmanagement,organizationhastwomainaspects.
考点一考点二考点三E该题属于并列关系的考查。因上文有One,下文有Thethird,故此处是按照顺序排列,所以这里应是Thesecond,与E项的“Thesecondaspect...”相呼应。状元笔记表示并列关系的词有:one/first(ly)...second(ly)...third(ly)...(第一……第二……第三……);first...next...then...(首先……接下来……然后……);foronething,foranother...;inthefirstplace(第一,首先),inthesecondplace(第二,其次)……等。
考点一考点二考点三【典例2】(2017全国Ⅱ,节选)...Whenpeopletrytointerruptyou,havesethoursplannedandletthemknowtocomebackduringthattimeorthatyou’llfindthemthen..Itcanhelptoeliminate(消除)futureinterruptions....E.It’simportantthatyouletthemknowwhenyou’llbeavailableF.Itmightseemunkindtocutpeopleshortwhentheyinterruptyou...E空格前提到,当别人打扰你的时候,你要安排好时间,告知他们你在什么时候有空,空格后提到这样做可以帮助你消除日后的打扰,将E项(让他们知道你什么时候有空是非常重要的)代入原文,选项E与空后句存在因果关系。故选E项。
考点一考点二考点三技法点拨技法.根据因果关系解题如果前后的句子之间出现because,so,since(既然),asaresult(结果),thus,therefore(因此),consequently(因此),so/such...that(如此……以至于)等标志性词语,表明前后句有着因果关系。
考点一考点二考点三【典例3】(2017全国Ⅱ,节选)...Ifyouhaveadoortoyouroffice,makegooduseofit..Ifsomeoneknocksandit’snotanimportantmatter,excuseyourselfandletthepersonknowyou’rebusysotheycangetthehint(暗示)thatwhenthedoorisclosed,you’renottobedisturbed....C.Setboundariesforyourselfasfarasyourtimegoes...G.Leaveitopenwhenyou’reavailabletotalkandcloseitwhenyou’renotG上文说的是“好好利用好办公室的门”,空格处进一步具体地阐述这一观点,也就是说在逻辑上是递进关系。
考点一考点二考点三技法点拨技法.利用代词指代定答案代词用于指代前面提及的事情。做题时,可通过代词在句中所作的成分和代词的单复数推断出它指代的成分,巧妙利用这样的指代关系准确而快速地从选项中找到答案。比如【典例3】中的G中的两个it和空前的it都是指代的thedoor,带入原文后语义衔接。故选G项。状元笔记递进关系也可以通过连接成分来体现,比如,空格前后两句之间有also(也,而且),further(进一步地,而且),furthermore,likewise(同样地,也),similarly(类似地),moreover(而且,此外),inaddition(另外),what’smore(更重要的是),notonly...butalso(不但……而且)等连接词或词组,则表明前后两句是逻辑上的递进关系,空格处很有可能是个递进的句子。
考点一考点二考点三(二)转折、例证关系典题感悟...Firstly,spendtimeindoingthingsthatreallymatter.Spendtimewithyourfamilyandfriends.Enjoyanicehotmealandeatitslowly.Giveyourselftimetoplayandspendenoughtimeinsleeping.Butthetruthisthatthelittlethingsmattermostinlife....A.Youwillgetwhateveryouwantfromworking.B.Spendmoretimeontheimportanttasksinsteadoftime-wasters.C.Doyourbestineverytaskasiftheworldwillendtomorrow.D.Thatisnotyourlife’sworth....F.Littlethingslikethismayseemmeaningless....
考点一考点二考点三F根据后面“Butthetruthisthatthelittlethingsmattermostinlife.(但事实是,在生活中,小事情是最重要的。)”,由“But”可知前后是转折含义,因此F项这样的小事情似乎没有意义,符合文意,故选F项。状元笔记根据转折或让步关系解题转折或让步关系主要指行文中后句对前句构成逆转逻辑关系。如果空格前后两句话之间有however(然而),still(还,仍然),though(可是,不过,然而),yet(然而),onthecontrary(正相反),incomparison(比较起来,与……比较),bycomparison(相比之下)等连接词,则表明前后两句话是逻辑上的逆转,空格处很有可能表示转折或让步关系。
考点一考点二考点三技法点拨技法1.根据解释例证关系解题例证关系表示前后的某句是为了证明另一句而举的例子。例证的形式具有多样性,思维过程基本是归纳(从例子到观点)和推理(从观点到例子)。常见的表示例证关系的标志词有:forexample,forinstance,infact/asamatteroffact,actually,inotherwords,thatistosay等。技法2.利用复现词定答案词语复现是语篇衔接的一个重要手段,而七选五正是考查语篇衔接,因此,利用词语复现解七选五,有事半功倍之效。七选五中的词汇复现包括:原词原词、同义复现、近义复现、同根复现(如read,reading,reader,readers等)。还有上义词与下义词的复现(adult是teacher,parent的上义词,而teacher,parent就是adult的下义词)。
考点一考点二考点三考点集训A组基础语篇练技法Passage1(2017浙江,节选)...Ifeveryoneisgivingyouthesameanswer,youwon’tbeabletouseit.Asafenumberofinterviewstoconductisaboutsixtoten....F.Thatnumberofinterviewsshouldgiveyoualltheanswersyouneed.G.Withaquestionlikethis,youwillgetmorethana“Yes”or“No”reply.
考点一考点二考点三答案:F解析:考查上下文的语境理解。本选项是段中结尾句。根据上文的“Asafenumberofinterviewstoconductisaboutsixtoten.”可知,采访的次数要适当,6~10次为宜,这个数量的采访就可以使你获得你需要的所有答案,所以选F项。上句的“numberofinterviews”在选项F中再次出现。
考点一考点二考点三Passage2...Ifyou’dliketobuildapowerfulbondwithyourgarden,startbytakingsometimetorecallthegardensofyouryouth.Thengooutsideandworkoutaplantotranslateyourchildhoodmemoriesintoyourgrown-upgarden....B.Findagoodplaceforyourowngarden....G.Foreachofthosegardens,writedownthestrongestmemoryyouhave.
考点一考点二考点三答案:G解析:选项G中的thosegardens指代前句中thegardensofyouryouth;另外,该选项中memory与前句中的recall(回忆)与后句中的memories(记忆)为词语复现,故选G项。
考点一考点二考点三Passage3(2017浙江,节选)...●Whenyourbossorprofessorsendsyououttodoman-on-the-streetinterviewsforastory,thinkaboutthetopicanddevelopalistofabouttengeneralquestionsrelatingtoit.Forexample,ifyourtopicisaboutenvironmentalproblemsinAmerica,youmightask,“WhydoyouthinkenvironmentalprotectionisimportantinAmerica?”...F.Thatnumberofinterviewsshouldgiveyoualltheanswersyouneed.G.Withaquestionlikethis,youwillgetmorethana“Yes”or“No”reply.
考点一考点二考点三答案:G解析:考查上下文的语境理解。本选项是结尾句。由其前面的问句“Whydoyouthink...”可知,提问不能使用“Yes”或“No”来简单回答,而应该采用些让被采访者多说话的问题,由此选用G项。这里,选项中的“aquestionlikethis”,就是指的是上一句所问的这个问题。
考点一考点二考点三Passage4...Wefaceproblemsinoureverydaylife.Don’tworry.Aslongasyouarebreathing,youcansolveproblems....D.Knowingtheproblemmeanssolvinghalftheproblemitself.E.Theycanbesocialproblems,relationshipproblems,orproblemsatwork.F.Spend10%ofthetimeanalyzingtheproblemand90%onthesolution,nottheopposite....
考点一考点二考点三答案:E解析:空前谈到生活中我们会遇到很多问题。可知E项“可能是一些社会问题,(人际)关系问题,或者工作问题。”符合语境。E项中的“They”指的就是上文所说的“problems”。
考点一考点二考点三Passage5(2017浙江,节选)HowtoDoMan-on-the-StreetInterviewsTheman-on-the-streetinterviewisaninterviewinwhichareporterhitsthestreetswithacameramantointerviewpeopleonthespot.Butwiththesetips,yourfirstman-on-the-streetinterviewexperiencecanbeeasy....A.Limityourtime.B.Asyouapproachpeople,bepolite.C.Ifyoudon’townacamera,youcanbuyone.D.Fornewreporters,thiscanseemlikeachallengingtask....
考点一考点二考点三答案:D解析:由下句中的“But”可知,选项和下句中的“yourfirstman-on-the-streetinterviewexperiencecanbeeasy”是转折关系,也就是说选项中表达的意思应该和下句中的“easy”相反,D项中“challenging(棘手的,困难的)”正好符合语境。由此可知答案。
考点一考点二考点三Passage6(2017全国Ⅲ,节选)...Keeparecordandevaluateitweekly.Keeptrackofyoureffortsandwritedownhowyoufeel.Afteryou’vetriedanewmethodforaweek,takealookatyourrecord.Ifnot,takeanotherlookatothermethodsyoucouldtry....A.Getasleepspecialist....E.Ifthestepsyoutakeareworking,keepitup....
考点一考点二考点三答案:E解析:E项“如果你所采取的措施是有效的,那么坚持下去”与下一句“如果无效,看看有没有你可以尝试的其他措施”形成相对关系。两句都是“条件状语从句+祈使句”的模式,同时,steps与methods也构成了并列关系,故答案为E项。
考点一考点二考点三B组模拟语篇提能力Passage7主题语境:人与社会——文化遗产建议用时:9’正答率:/5ThebeginningsoftheGlobeTheatreTheGlobeTheatreisoneofthemostwell-knowntheatresintheworld.In1996,itwasvotedforthe“bestattractioninEurope”.However,thisversionoftheGlobe,completedinthemid-1990swithfundsfromtheShakespeareGlobePlayhouseTrust,isnottheoriginalGlobebuiltinthe1500s.
考点一考点二考点三Duringthe16thcentury,playswerepopularentertainmentamongallkindsofpeoplefromwealthynoblestotheworkingclass.1ActorsperformedinsmallhotelsthroughoutthecountrysideandinLondon.JamesBurbage,anactorandpainter,buildthefirstpublicplayhouseinEnglandcalledTheTheatrebecauseitwasthefirsteverbuiltinLondon.Nowtheaudiencecouldcometotheactorsratherthantheotherwayaround,2
考点一考点二考点三WhenBurbagedied,hissonsCuthbertandRichard,tookoverTheTheatre.Theland,however,onwhichtheplayhousewasbuiltwasnotownedbyBurbage.3Theactorsdecidedtheywouldbuildtheirowntheatre.Theyrentedlandnearanothertheatre,TheRose,andusedwoodfromTheTheatretobuildthefirstGlobeTheatre.ItwasherethatShakespeare’sfamousplayswereperformed.4Theactors’lovefortheGlobewassostrongthatwhenitburneddownin1613,theypooledtheirownmoneytorebuildit,makingitevenbetterthanbeforewithbeautifuldecorationsanddetailsadorning(装饰)thestage.5
考点一考点二考点三A.TheTheatrewasahugesuccess.B.Thistheatrecouldholdseveralthousandpeople!C.QueenElizabethIofEnglandhadagreatloveforplays.D.WhenoneenterstheGlobeTheatre,oneisinthegreatesttheater.E.AmannamedGilesAllenownedthelandanddidn’twanttorentthelandtothem.F.SuccesswasimmediateandtheGlobeTheatrewasafavoriteofaudiencesandactorsalike.G.EventhoughthisversionoftheGlobeTheatredidn’tsurvivethroughthecentury,itsinfluenceliveson.
考点一考点二考点三答案与解析:【语篇解读】本文主要讲述位于伦敦的环球剧场(theGlobeTheatre)的前世今生。环球剧场位于英国伦敦,最初的环球剧场由威廉·莎士比亚所在剧团于16世纪建造,1613年毁于火灾。之后又进行了重建。1.C由上一句“Duringthe16thcentury,playswerepopularentertainmentamongallkindsofpeoplefromwealthynoblestotheworkingclass.”可知,在当时,戏剧深受各阶层人们(allkindsofpeoplefromwealthynoblestotheworkingclass)的欢迎。伊丽莎白女王属于贵族阶层,所以选C项。英国的伊丽莎白一世女王非常喜爱戏剧。2.A由上文的“Nowtheaudiencecouldcometotheactorsratherthantheotherwayaround”可知第一家剧场建成后,观众可以直接来这里见演员,由此可知,这个剧场是一个巨大的成功,选A项。
考点一考点二考点三3.E题干关键词为“owned”。由上文的“Theland,however,onwhichtheplayhousewasbuiltwasnotownedbyBurbage.”和“Theactorsdecidedtheywouldbuildtheirowntheatre.”可知是一个叫GilesAllen的人拥有这块土地,他不想把这块土地租给他们,选E项。4.F由“ItwasherethatShakespeare’sfamousplayswereperformed.”和“Theactors’lovefortheGlobewassostrong...anddetailsadorningthestage.”可知无论是观众还是演员(afavoriteofaudiencesandactorsalike),人们都很喜欢环球剧场,选F项。5.G由“Theactors’lovefortheGlobewassostrongthatwhenitburneddownin1613,theypooledtheirownmoneytorebuildit,makingitevenbetterthanbeforewithbeautifuldecorationsanddetailsadorningthestage.”可知尽管这个版本的环球剧场没有跨世纪(从修建到被烧毁不到1个世纪),但是它的影响继续存在,选G项。
考点一考点二考点三Passage8主题语境:人与自我——生活与学习建议用时:8’实际用时:正答率:/5(原创)Thesedays,NorthKickapooStreetinShawnee,Oklahoma,isafour-laneroadleadingouttothehighway,andlinedwithallkindsofplacestoeatandshop.Butinthemid-1950s,itwasjustagravel(砂砾)countryroad,theperfectplaceforourdaddiestoteachushowtodrive.Wedidn’thavedriver’seducationatShawneeHighSchool.1Momtookmetopickupaninstructionhandbook.Iwastheoldestofmyfriends,sowewereexcitedattheprospectofawholenewworldopeningup.We’dhavefreedomtogetaround.Bestofall,wecouldgototheStarliteDrive—Intheateron50-cents-a-carloadnight.We’dhaveitmade.
考点一考点二考点三Momletmebackour1949Fordoutofthegarageafewtimestogetusedtotheclutch(离合器)andgearshift(变速排挡杆).2Finally,thedaycameforDaddytogivemeareallesson.HedroveouttotheendofthepavedsectionofKickapooStreetandacrosstowherethegravelstarted.3TheyhadbeenfarmersinapoorareainOklahoma.Therewasonlyonewaytodothings,andthatwastherightway.Praiseswererare,sowhenheexpressedhisapprovalitwasspecial.Ididn’twanttoexperiencehisglareifIgroundtheclutchorthecarshookasItriedtogetitgoing.
考点一考点二考点三Itookadeepbreath,slowlyletouttheclutch,pushedthestickintosecondgearandeaseddowntheroad.4HehadmestopandrepeattheproceduretwoorthreemoretimesuntilIcametotheendofthesection.IwasfeelingprettygoodasIcametoastopandlookedtoDaddyforapproval.Heglaredatmeandthenbarked,“You’vebeendriving,haven’tyou?”HemusthavethoughtI’dbeenpracticinginsomebodyelse’scar.5Thatwas60yearsago.Icanstillseethenodhegavemewhenhesaid,“Well,youdidagoodjob.”
考点一考点二考点三A.Wewereonourown.B.ThenIcarefullymovedintothirdgear.C.Mydaddyhadcomefromafamilyof10.D.Daddythoughthehadbeencheatedbyme.E.Daddywasdisappointedatmydrivingskill.F.IquicklyexplainedthatmytrainingwasalldoneontheFord.G.Igotfamiliarwiththemotionbutwashardlyreadyformyroadtest.
考点一考点二考点三答案与解析:【语篇解读】文章叙述了作者是如何学开车的。并介绍了他父亲教他学开车的经过。1.A根据上文的“Wedidn’thavedriver’seducationatShawneeHighSchool”和下文的“Momtookmetopickupaninstructionhandbook”可知,学校没有教授开车,是靠自己学的。故选A项。2.G根据上一句说的作者在车库里练习开车可知,接下来说动作熟练了,但是没有准备好上路。从下文的“Finally,thedaycameforDaddytogivemeareallesson.HedroveouttotheendofthepavedsectionofKickapooStreet...”也可推出答案。故选G项。
考点一考点二考点三3.C根据下文的“TheyhadbeenfarmersinapoorareainOklahoma”可知,前面是有关作者父亲的家庭情况。故选C项。4.B根据上文的“Itookadeepbreath,slowlyletouttheclutch,pushedthestickintosecondgearandeaseddowntheroad”可知,作者在慢慢小心地加速。故选B项。5.F本句是对上一句的解释,为了不让父亲生气,作者快速做出解释。
C组真题语篇通高考Passage9主题语境:人与社会——体育与艺术建议用时:8’实际用时:正答率:/5(2019全国Ⅱ)Imagineachildstandingonadivingboardfourfeethighandaskinghimselfthequestion:“ShouldIjump?”Thisiswhatmotivationorthelackofitcando.Motivationandgoalsettingarethetwosidesofthesamecoin.1Likethechildonthedivingboard,youwillstayundecided.2Morethanthat,howshouldyoustaymotivatedtoachievethegoal?First,youneedtoevaluateyourself,yourvalues,yourstrengths,yourweaknesses,yourachievements,yourdesires,etc.Onlythenshouldyousetyourgoals.考点一考点二考点三
考点一考点二考点三Youalsoneedtojudgethequalityanddepthofyourmotivation.Thisisquiteimportant,becauseitisdirectlyrelatedtoyourcommitment.Therearetimeswhenyourheartisnotinyourwork.3So,slowdownandthinkwhatyoureallywanttodoatthatmoment.Clarity(清晰)ofthoughtscanhelpyoumoveforward.Anotherwayofsettingrealisticgoalsistoanalyzeyourshortandlongtermobjectives,keepinginmindyourbeliefs,valuesandstrengths.Rememberthatgoalsareflexible.4Theyalsoneedtobemeasurable.Youmustkeepthesepointsinmindwhilesettingyourgoals.Yourpersonalcircumstancesareequallyimportant.Forexample,youmaywanttobeapilotbutcan’tbecomeonebecauseyoureyesightisnotgoodenough.5Youshouldreassessyourgoals,andmotivateyourselftosetafreshgoal.
考点一考点二考点三Youwillsurelyneedtoovercomesomedifficulties,someplanned,butmostunplanned.Youcannotovercomethemwithoutamplemotivation.Makesurethatyouplanforthesedifficultiesatthetimeofsettingyourgoals.A.Thiscanaffectyourwork.B.Sohowshouldyoumotivateyourself?C.However,thisshouldnotdiscourageyou.D.Sowhyshouldwetrytosetspecificgoals?E.Theycanchangeaccordingtocircumstances.F.Motivationiswhatyouneedmosttodoagoodjob.G.Withoutmotivation,youcanneithersetagoalnorreachit.
考点一考点二考点三答案与解析:【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章就如何激励自己、保持动力、达成目标提出了几点建议。1.G本题考查细节句。根据上文提到的“Motivationandgoalsettingarethetwosidesofthesamecoin.”以及下文提到的“Likethechildonthedivingboard...”可知,G项可以承接上文。其中motivation和goal为原词复现。2.B本题考查过渡句。根据下文提到的“Morethanthat,howshouldyoustaymotivatedtoachievethegoal?”可知,B项“Sohowshouldyoumotivateyourself?”可承接上下文。
考点一考点二考点三3.A本题考查细节句。根据上文提到的“Therearetimeswhenyourheartisnotinyourwork.”可知,A项“Thiscanaffectyourwork.”是上文的结果。4.E本题考查细节句。根据上文提到的“Rememberthatgoalsareflexible.”可知,E项“Theycanchangeaccordingtocircumstances.”是对上文的进一步说明。5.C本题考查过渡句。上文提到“个人情况同等重要”,并以因视力差不能达成当飞行员的目标为例子,再结合下文的“你应该重新评估你的目标,并激励自己去设定一个新的目标”可知,C项和上文构成转折关系,同时起到引起下文的作用。
考点一考点二考点三段尾设空【阅卷寄语】段尾设空,一般是对上文或者全文进行总结概括,得出结论,也可能是对上文提到的内容做进一步地补充说明,这种情况下,就需要选择注释性的句子。
考点一考点二考点三(一)段尾主题句典题感悟【典例】(2018全国Ⅲ,节选)...Sowhydowedance?“Icantellyouaboutoneyoungcouple,”saysBridges.“They’relearningtodotraditionaldances.Theyarriveattheclassinlowspiritsandtheyleavewithasmile.”So,dowedanceinordertomakeourselvesfeelbetter,calmer,healthier?AndreaHilliersays,“Dance,likethepatternofabeatingheart,islife.Evenafteralltheseyears,Iwanttogetbetterandbetter.IkeeppracticingevenwhenI’mextremelytired.Ifindithardtostop!DancingremindsmeI’malive.”...
考点一考点二考点三B.DanceintheU.S.iseverywhere.C.Ifyoulikedancingoutdoors,cometoAmerica.D.Myolderstudentssayitmakesthemfeelyoung....F.Dancingseemstochangetheirfeelingcompletely.G.Theystayedupallnightlongsinginganddancing.F上文提到这位夫妇来教室时情绪低落,离开时却面带微笑,说明舞蹈改变了他们。选项F中“changetheirfeeling”是对上文的概括。
考点一考点二考点三状元笔记分析篇章结构,把握全篇文脉,这是七选五解题的关键。分析文章的层次包含两种形式:一种是分析整篇文章的层次,另一种是分析每个段落内部的层次。一般来说,高考英语选材,无论是整篇文章,还是每个独立的语段,在行文逻辑上,通常采用的是“总—分”或“总—分—总”结构,主题句在段尾,就是后一种呈现方式。
考点一考点二考点三技法点拨技法.三步巧解段尾主题句Step1.找关键语句:重点阅读题空前一、二句,确定关键词。Step2.确定信号词:在选项中查找表结果、结论、总结等的词语,如therefore,thus,inshort,toconclude等。Step3.注意转折并列关系:利用选项中表示转折或对比的关联词确定选项内容与前文是否对立。利用选项中含有并列关系的词,与前文相似句式或词汇复现等解题线索。例如:【典例】中的题目就属于总结句,根据前句“Theyarriveattheclassinlowspiritsandtheyleavewithasmile.”可知,他们的情绪彻底改变了,故选F项。
考点一考点二考点三(二)段尾过渡句典题感悟(2017全国Ⅰ,节选)...IfanyonehadtoldmethreeyearsagothatIwouldbespendingmostofmyweekendscamping.Iwouldhavelaughedheartily.Campers,inmyeyes,werepeoplewhoenjoyedinsectbites,ill-cookedmeals,anduncomfortablesleepingbags.Theyhadnothingincommonwithme.Thefriendswhointroducedmetocampingthoughtthatitmeanttobeapioneer......
考点一考点二考点三B.Thingsaregoingtobeimproved.C.Thetriptheytookmeonwasaroughone.D.Iwastolearnalotaboutcampingsincethen,however....D本题为段尾过渡题。空格前一句说“他们与我没有共同之处”,空格后一段讲述了作者的一次野营,前后之间存在转折关系,这与D项中的however相呼应。状元笔记若段尾句与前文之间是转折关系,此时要注意在选项中查找表示转折、对比的关联词,同时注意选项中所讲内容是否与前文在同一主题上形成对立、对比关系。
考点一考点二考点三考点集训A组基础语篇练技法Passage1...•Findagoodplacetostudy.Lookaroundthehouseforagoodstudyarea.Keepthisspace,whichmaybeadeskorsimplyacornerofyourroom,freeofeverythingbutstudymaterials.Nogames,radios,ortelevision!...
考点一考点二考点三A.Aweeklyschedulemaynotsolveallyourproblems.B.Theyhelpyourememberyournewknowledge.C.Studyregularly.D.Whenyousitdowntostudy,fixyourmindonthesubject.E.Reallylisteninginclassmeanslessworklater.F.Developagoodattitudetowardstests.G.Anyonecanbecomeabetterstudentifheorshewantsto.答案:D解析:根据上文“Nogames,radios,ortelevision!”可知,没有游戏,收音机或电视!此处是说在这种没有分心之物的环境下学习的好处,故D项(当你坐下来学习时,你会集中注意力于所学的科目上)符合语境。
考点一考点二考点三Passage2TipsforCookingonaTightScheduleFrommyexperience,therearethreemainreasonswhypeopledon’tcookmoreoften:ability,money,andtime.1MoneyisatopicI’lldiscussanotherday.SotodayIwanttogiveyousomeadviceonhowtomakethemostofthetimeyouspendinthekitchen.Herearethreetipsforgreatcookingonatightschedule:1.Thinkahead.ThemomentswhenIthinkcookingisapainarewhenI’malreadyhungryandthere’snothingreadytoeat.Sothinkaheadofthecomingweek.Whenwillyouhavetimetocook?Doyouhavetherightmaterialsalready?2...
考点一考点二考点三A.Trynewthings.B.Abilityiseasilyimproved.C.Makethreeorfourinstead.D.Understandyourfoodbetter.E.Cookingisaburdenformanypeople.F.Letcookingandlivingsimplybeajoyratherthanaburden.G.Alittletimeplanningaheadcansavealotofworklateron.
考点一考点二考点三答案与解析:1.B根据后句“Moneyisatopic...themostofthetimeyouspendinthekitchen”提到了money和time。只有ability没有叙述。又根据空前面的句子“Frommyexperience,therearethreemainreasonswhypeopledon’tcookmoreoften:ability,moneyandtime.”与之有关的只有带有ability这一信息了,所以选B项。2.G根据此段开头的关键词ahead,可以判断出此段与ahead有关,所以答案为G项“Alittletimeplanningaheadcansavealotofworklateron.”提前计划可以节省后来的很多工作。
考点一考点二考点三Passage3(2018全国Ⅰ,节选)...Thelargecolordecisionsinyourroomsconcernthewalls,ceilings,andfloors.Whetheryou’relookingatwallpaperorpaint,thetime,effortandrelativeexpenseputintoitaresignificant.....D.Smallcolorchoicesaretheoneswe’remostfamiliarwithE.It’snotreallyagoodideatousetoomanysmallcolorpiecesF.Soitpaystobesure,becauseyouwanttogetitrightthefirsttimeG.Colorchoicesinthisrangeareastepupfromthesmallonesintwomajorways
考点一考点二考点三答案:F解析:该空上一句提到,大的方面的颜色选择所投入的时间、精力和相关费用都是相当多的。与选项F中的pays相呼应。因而,墙壁、天花板、地板等颜色的选择是你首先要搞定的。
考点一考点二考点三Passage4...Takethatfirstminuteandfullyfocusonyourbreathing.Slowitdown,andthenlookaroundtoseeifyoucanlocatethethickestareaofice.Whenyoulocatetheice,stretchyourarmsoverthesurface,andthenbegintoflutter-kick(上下打水)untilyourbodybecomeshorizontalwiththesurface.1Itispossiblethatyoucanliveforseveralhoursafterpassingout.This,however,doesrequiresomeplanning.Youonlyhaveabout10minutesbeforeyourmusclesandnervesbecometoocoldtowork.Besides,whatifyoufeeltooweaktogoonandyoucannotgetout?Placeyourarmsoverthesurfaceoftheiceandremainstill.Thepointistoencourageyourcoattofreezetotheice,sothatifyouloseconsciousness,youwillkeepyourheadoutofice.2
考点一考点二考点三A.Itcanhelptorememberthe“1-10-1principle”.B.However,ifyouremaincalm,itcansaveyourlife.C.Removeanyclothingorheavyobjectsthatareweightingyoudown.D.Thusyouwillremainvisibleforrescue,evenifyoupassout.E.Kickhardanduseyourarmsandhandstoclimboutofthewater.F.Rememberthatyoushouldalwaysstayofficethat’sonly3inches....
考点一考点二考点三答案与解析:1.E根据上下文话题一致和逻辑顺序关系解题。根据原文,落水后你有一分钟时间确定位置,那下一步一定是想办法如何爬出水面。故选E项。2.D根据上下文话题一致和句间语境解题。上一句说解救自己的关键是让自己的衣服与冰冻在一起,目的在于如果自己失去意识能够将头部露出冰面,这样就能够被他人发现,以得到解救。故选D项。
考点一考点二考点三Passage5(2019浙江,节选)...TheydecidedonatourtotheUnitedStatesin1964.TheywerenotsurehowtheAmericanswouldreacttothenewtypeofmusic.BeatlemaniahitNewYorkonFebruary7,1964.Hundredsoffansjammedtheairporttogreetthem.TheyperformedtheirfirstconcertinAmericaatCBStelevision’s53rdstreetstudio.Theconcertwasbroadcastliveandattractedthelargestonenightaudienceinthehistoryoftelevisionuptothattime.TheBeatlesweredescribedasaBritishinvasion(入侵)bylocalandnationwidenewspapersatthattime.TheirvictoryinAmericawasstillrememberedasamajorturningpointinthehistoryofrockandroll.ThankstotheBeatles,alotofopportunitieswereopeneduptonewfacesonthemarket....
考点一考点二考点三D.However,theirsongschangedthelivesofgenerationstocome.E.ManyrockbandswereabletofollowinthefootstepsoftheBeatles.F.TheyappearedinthefilmsAHardDay’sNight(1964)andHelp!(1965)....答案:E解析:根据上文“...alotofopportunitieswereopeneduptonewfaces...”可知,披头士对后来的乐队有引领作用,这与E项语意一致,故选E项。
考点一考点二考点三B组模拟语篇提能力Passage6主题语境:人与自然——环境保护建议用时:7’实际用时:正答率:/5(2019福建泉州一模)Imagineanarea34timesthesizeofManhattan.Nowimagineitiscoveredwithankle-deepplasticwaste—atotalofabout19billionpoundsofgarbage.1.“We’rebeingoverwhelmed(淹没)byourwaste,”saidJennaJambeck,anenvironmentalengineerwholedthe2015studythatdeterminedthisastonishingnumber.2,unlesssomethingisdonetostopthetideofgarbage.
考点一考点二考点三Plastic—awidely-usedmaterial—hasinmanywaysbeenabenefittohumansbutithasalsocausedagrowingproblem.Today,plasticsaretheNo.1typeofgarbagefoundinthesea.OceanConservancy,anonprofitthatorganizesanannualcoastalcleanupeventworldwide,saidplasticwastemakesuparound85percentofthegarbagecollectedfrombeachesandoceans.OceanConservancysaysplasticisbelievedtothreaten(威胁)atleast600differentwildlifespecies(物种).3;agrowingbodyofevidencesuggestshumansareconsumingplasticthroughtheseafoodweeat.Aresearchsuggestssomeplasticscouldbepoisonoustohumans,andcouldpotentiallyincreasetheriskofhealthproblems.
考点一考点二考点三4.AttheEconomistWorldOceanSummitthisweek,tennationsannouncedtoreduceplasticsealiteraspartofUNEnvironment’sCleanSeascampaign.5Corporationsalsohavearole,asdoindividuals.Wecanstartbythinkingtwicebeforeusingsingle-useplasticproducts—andwhenwedousethem,weshouldtakecaretoproperlythrowthemofforrecycle.
考点一考点二考点三A.ThefollowingiswhatweshoulddoB.Andit’snotjustwildlifethat’sthreatenedC.Andthisfigureislikelytodoubleby2025D.Butit’snotjustcountriesthatneedtodotheirpartE.By2050,thatfigureisexpectedtoriseto1,000piecesF.That’showmuchplasticwasteendsupinouroceanseveryyearG.Allofushaveanimportantroletoplayindealingwiththeproblems
考点一考点二考点三答案与解析:【语篇解读】本文属于议论文。塑料垃圾问题越发严重,不但威胁野生动物,还影响人类自己,需要全世界通力合作。1.F由上一句“Nowimagineitiscoveredwithankle-deepplasticwaste—atotalofabout19billionpoundsofgarbage.”可知,塑料垃圾约为190亿磅,F项,这就是每年流到海洋里面塑料垃圾的数量,符合语境,故选F项。2.C由下一句“unlesssomethingisdonetostopthetideofgarbage.”可知,除非采取一些措施来减少垃圾,而C项,预计到2025年,数量翻倍,符合语境,故选C项。
考点一考点二考点三3.B由下一句“agrowingbodyofevidencesuggestshumansareconsumingplasticthroughtheseafoodweeat.”可知,越来越多的证据显示人类通过食用海产品也吸收了塑料,B项“不仅动物受到威胁”,与下文形成总分关系,符合语境,故选B项。4.G由下文tennations以及Corporations可知,这个问题需要全世界共同合作,G项符合语境,故选G项。5.D由下一句“Corporationsalsohavearole,asdoindividuals.”可知,企业和个人也有作用,D项“不仅仅是国家需要采取措施”,符合语境,故选D项。
考点一考点二考点三Passage7主题语境:人与自我——生活方式建议用时:10’实际用时:正答率:/5(2019河北石家庄高二期末)Travellingisagreatwaytointeractwithaculturewhichmightbecompletelydifferentfromyourown.1BeforeImovedtoSicilyIhadtravelledaroundthewholeofItaly,thesouthandthenorth,andIabsolutelyfellinlovewiththecultureandthelanguage,soIwasinspiredtolearnthelanguageandalsotomovehere.AndIamherenow,livinginSicily.
考点一考点二考点三2Whenyougetbackhomeyou’llhavelotsofstoriestotellyourfriendsandfamily.Evenifsomethingisn’tveryfun,itwillbefunnytolookbackandlaughatthoseawkwardorharshmoments.Forexample,IwastravellingwithagroupoffriendsinPisaandwetookthewrongbustogettothebeacharea,soweendedupbeingstuckintherainandhavingtowalkback.Whenyoutravel,youexposeyourselftodifferentpeople.3It’sagreatlearningexperienceforbothyouandtheotherpersonbecauseyoucanshareandexchangeyourownideasandopinionsonarangeoftopics.Forexample,ImetanIranianphilosopherandwetalkedaboutthenatureofmagic.AlotofhisideaswereshapedbyhisIranianbackgroundandIranianphilosophy.4
考点一考点二考点三Travellingistherealizationofhome.5SinceI’vebeenawayfromLondon,I’vecometoappreciatethelittlethingsthatIusedtotakeforgranted,likeouramazingtransport—everythingrunsontime;everythingrunswell.Sosometimesittakesbeingawayfromhometorealizehowmuchyouabsolutelyloveyourhometown.A.Itwasareallyinterestingdiscussion.B.Travellingwillmakeyouareallygoodstoryteller.C.Travellingcouldenrichyourawarenessoftheworld.D.Theymayhaveacompletelydifferentoutlookonlife.E.Werealizehowmuchwemissourhometownwhenwetravel.F.Travellingmightjustconvinceyoutomovetoanothercountry.G.Beingawayfromhome,wemissourfriendsandourfamilyverymuch.
考点一考点二考点三答案与解析:【语篇解读】作者通过自己的经历告诉我们:旅行是与一种完全不同于自己的文化进行交流的好方法。1.F由下文可知,作者在搬去西西里岛之前曾去那里旅游,并爱上那里的文化和语言,受到鼓舞学习了那里的语言,最终搬到西西里岛居住。因此推断此处讲述旅行可以说服你搬到另一个国家。故选F项。2.B由下文“Whenyougetbackhomeyou’llhavelotsofstoriestotellyourfriendsandfamily.”可知,当你旅行回家时,你会有许多故事告诉你的朋友和家人,因此推断旅行让你成为很好的讲故事的人。故选B项。
考点一考点二考点三3.D由上文“Whenyoutravel,youexposeyourselftodifferentpeople.”和下文“It’sagreatlearningexperienceforbothyouandtheotherpersonbecauseyoucanshareandexchangeyourownideasandopinionsonarangeoftopics.”可知,当你旅行时,你会遇到不同的人,这对你和另一个人都是一个好的学习经历,因为你们可以在一系列的话题上共享和交流自己的想法和观点。因此推断D项“他们或许对生活有完全不同的观点”符合语境。故选D项。4.A由上文“Forexample,ImetanIranianphilosopherandwetalkedaboutthenatureofmagic.AlotofhisideaswereshapedbyhisIranianbackgroundandIranianphilosophy.”可知,“我”遇到一个伊朗哲学家,我们讨论神奇的本质,他的许多想法都是由他的伊朗背景和伊朗哲学所决定的。因此推断它是真正有趣的讨论。故选A项。
考点一考点二考点三5.E由下文“Sosometimesittakesbeingawayfromhometorealizehowmuchyouabsolutelyloveyourhometown.”可知,有时候远离家乡才会意识到你多么爱你的故乡,因此推断E项“当我们旅行时,我们意识到我们多么怀念家乡”符合语境。故选E项。
考点一考点二考点三C组真题语篇通高考Passage8主题语境:人与自我——学校生活建议用时:11’实际用时:正答率:/5(2019全国Ⅲ)Inanonlineclass,developinghealthypatternsofcommunicationwithprofessorsisveryimportant.1WhileIhaveonlylistedtwoofeach,thereareobviouslymanyothersituationsthatcanarise.Studentsshouldbeabletoextendthelogic(逻辑)ofeachtotheirparticularcircumstance.
考点一考点二考点三Do’s•2Questionsaboutsubjectcontentaregenerallywelcomed.Beforeaskingquestionsaboutthecoursedesign,readthesyllabus(教学大纲)andlearningmanagementsysteminformationtobesuretheanswerisn’thidinginplainsight.•Participateindiscussionforums(论坛),blogsandotheropen-endedforumsfordialogue.3Besuretostayontopicandnotofferirrelevantinformation.Makeapoint,andmakeitsafeforotherstodothesame.
考点一考点二考点三Don’ts•Don’tsharepersonalinformationorstories.Professorsarenottrainednurses,financialaidexpertsoryourbestfriends.Ifyouareinneedofadeadlineextension,simplyexplainthesituationtotheprofessor.4•Don’topenlyexpressannoyanceataprofessororclass.5Whenastudentattacksaprofessoronthesocialmedia,thelanguageusedactuallysaysmoreaboutthestudent.Ifthereistrulyaconcernaboutaprofessor’sprofessionalismorability,besuretouseonlinecourseevaluationstocalmlyofferyourcomments.
考点一考点二考点三A.That’swhattheyarefor.B.Turntoanonlineinstructorforhelp.C.Ifmoreinformationisneeded,theywillask.D.Rememberthatonlineprofessorsgetalotofemails.E.Belowaresomecommondo’sanddon’tsforonlinelearners.F.Everyonehastakenanot-so-greatclassatonetimeoranother.G.Askquestions,butmakesuretheyaregood,thoughtfulquestions.
考点一考点二考点三答案与解析:【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在选修网络课程时如何与授课教师建立健康有益的互动交流。1.E本题考查过渡句。上文提到“在选修网络课程时与授课教师建立健康有益的互动交流非常重要”,结合下面提到的“Do’s”和“Don’ts”可知,E项可承接上下文。2.G本题考查主旨句。根据下文的“Questionsaboutsubjectcontentaregenerallywelcomed.Beforeaskingquestions...”可知,本部分介绍的是问问题,G项中的“Askquestions”为同词复现。
考点一考点二考点三3.A本题考查细节句。根据上文提到的“参与讨论论坛、博客和其他开放式对话论坛”可知,A项“这就是他们的目的”可承接上文。4.C本题考查细节句。本部分的主题句为“Don’tsharepersonalinformationorstories.(不要分享个人信息和经历”。C项“如果需要更多的信息,他们会询问”可有效地承接上文。5.F本题考查细节句。根据本部分的主题句“不要公开表达对教授或课堂的不满”可知,F项“每个人都曾经上过不太好的课”可以和上文构成因果关系。
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