UNIT4HistoryandTraditions三言两语1.Britainhasmanyplacesofinterest,whichattractalotoftouristsfromallovertheworld.2.QianmenStreet,withahistoryof600years,is800metresinlength,alongwhichtherearemorethan300shops.3.Thechangeinpeople'swayoflifelargelyresultsfromthefactthatpeople'slivingconditionshavegreatlyimproved.1.我设法收集了一些有用的信息，包括英国的文化和历史。Imanaged_to_collectsomeusefulinformation,includingBritishcultureandhistory.2.这个小村庄三面环山，在东面，面向一条清澈的河流。Surrounded_by_mountainsonthreesides,thesmallvillagefacesaclearriverontheeast.核心单词[默写识记]根据汉语释义写出单词 1.chiefadj.最重要的；最高级别的n.(公司或机构的)首领；酋长 2.nearbyadj.附近的；邻近的adv.在附近3.defencen.防御；保卫4.surroundvt.围绕；包围5.chargen.收费；指控；主管vt.收费；控告；充电6.ensurevt.保证；确保；担保7.approachn.方法；途径；接近vt.接近；接洽；着手处理vi.靠近8.positionn.位置；姿态；职位9.belongvi.应在(某处)；适应10.eageradj.热切的；渴望的11.customn.风俗；习俗；习惯12.battlen.战役；搏斗vi.&vt.搏斗；奋斗13.amountn.金额；数量14.poetn.诗人15.strikingadj.引人注目的；显著的[语境运用]用所给词的适当形式填空 1.(2020·浙江卷)InBellevue,theswitchtoadaptivesignalshasbeenalessoninthevalueofwelcomingnewapproaches(approach)．2.Allourofficersaretrainedtodefend(defence)themselvesagainstknifeattacks.
3.(2020·浙江卷)Thehungrybearfollowedhisnosetoourcamp,whichwassurrounded(surround)byahighwirefence.4.MyphoneispoweroffbecauseIforgottogetitcharged(charge)aheadoftime.5.Largetelevisionscreenswere_positioned(position)ateitherendofthestadium.6.Pleaserememberto_ensure(ensure)alllightsareswitchedoffwhenyouleavetheclassroom.续表拓展单词[词汇变形]根据汉语释义写出单词及其变化形式 1.puzzlen.谜；智力游戏；疑问vt.迷惑；使困惑→puzzlingadj.令人困惑的→puzzledadj.感到困惑的2.evidencen.证据；证明→evidentadj.明显的3.achievementn.成就；成绩；达到→achievev.取得；达到4.locationn.地方；地点；位置→locatev.定位5.fascinatingadj.极有吸引力的；迷人的→fascinatev.使着迷→fascinationn.魅力；吸引力6.announcevt.宣布；通知；声称→announcementn.通知7.generousadj.慷慨的；大方的；丰富的→generosityn.大方；慷慨→generouslyadv.大方地；慷慨地8.greetvt.问候；迎接→greetingn.问候；招呼；迎接9.crowdn.人群；一群人；民众vt.挤满；使……拥挤→crowdedadj.拥挤的10.individualadj.单独的；个别的n.个人→individuallyadv.个别地；单独地；独特地→individualityn.个性；个人；特色→individualismn.个人主义[语境运用]用所给词的适当形式填空 1.Therewasapuzzledlookonthelittlegirl'sfacebecauseapuzzlingproblempuzzledher.(puzzle)2.Iholdthefirmbeliefthatyouareboundtoachieveyourdreamofbeingadmittedtoakeyuniversity,whichwillgiveyouawonderfulsenseofachievement.(achieve)3.Itwas_announcedthattheamusementparkwouldbeclosed.Wewereshockedbytheannouncement.(announce)4.Enteringasupermarket,Iwaswarmlygreetedbythegreengrocer.Hischeerygreetingsmademefeelathome.(greet)5.Themuseumis_locatedinthesouthwestofthecityandyoucanfinditslocationeasilyonthemap.(locate)6.Iwasdeeplyfascinatedbythefascinatingsceneryofthescenicspot.(fascinate)阅【教师用书独具】
读单词1.Confuciusn.孔子 2.mansionn.公馆；宅第3.cemeteryn.墓地；公墓4.philosophyn.哲学5.descendantn.后裔；后代；子孙6.heeln.足跟；(脚、袜子、鞋等的)后跟7.kingdomn.王国；领域8.currencyn.通货；货币9.militaryadj.军事的；军用的10.conquervt.占领；征服；控制11.portn.港口(城市)12.galleryn.(艺术作品的)展览馆；画廊13.landscapen.(陆上，尤指乡村的)风景14.buttern.黄油；奶油vt.涂黄油于15.honeyn.蜂蜜16.ancestorn.祖宗；祖先17.courtyardn.庭院；院子18.snackn.点心；小吃19.countyn.(英国、爱尔兰的)郡；(美国的)县20.feastn.盛宴；宴会；节日21.rollvi.&vt.(使)翻滚；(使)滚动n.卷(轴)；翻滚22.dotn.点；小(圆)点vt.加点；遍布23.cattlen.牛24.roarvi.&n.吼叫；咆哮25.oceann.大海；海洋26.scentn.气味；气息27.pubn.酒吧；酒馆28.winen.葡萄酒；果酒29.beern.(一杯)啤酒30.stewn.炖菜(有肉和蔬菜)vt.&vi.炖；煨31.sensoryadj.感觉的；感官的32.transitionn.过渡；转变；变迁熟词1.(2020·天津卷)Westopchallengingcustom.Wejustfollowthecrowd.民众2.(2019·北京卷)Shealsoapproacheddentiststolearnmoreaboutteethcleaning.
生义联系；接洽3.(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)Thenoiseshakesthetreesasthemalebeatshischestandchargestowardme.猛冲4.(浙江卷)Atthestartofthisyear,foreignerslivinginItalyamountedto4.56millionofatotalpopulationof60.6million.总计高频短语短语应用1.an_amount_of大量2.break_away_(from_sb./sth.)脱离；背叛；逃脱3.belong_to属于4.as_well_as同(一样也)；和；还5.keep_one's_eyes_open_(for)留心；留意6.join_..._to_...把……和……连接或联结起来7.be_eager_to_do渴望去做8.be_similar_to和……类似9.refer_to_..._as把……称作[语境运用1]填入一个适当的词 1.Iwonderwhetheritcanbebentandjoinedtoothermaterials.2.Thescientistreferredtothediscoveryasthemostexcitingnewdevelopmentinthisfield.3.Agoodtranslationshouldbesimilartotheoriginaltextnotonlyinformbutalsoinspirit.[语境运用2]填入一个适当的词 Thepooryoungmanwantedtobreakaway1.fromthisnewplacebecausehethoughtthathedidn'tbelong2.toit.Hemustkeephiseyesopen3.foreverything.Otherwise,hewouldbeblamedbyhisnewboss.Hemissedhisfamiliesaswell4.ashisoldfriends.教材原句背诵句式仿写应用1.havesth.doneTheyhadcastlesbuiltallaroundEngland,andmadechangestothelegalsystem.今年夏天我要把我的房间装修一下，因为它有点旧了。Iwillhave_my_room_decoratedthissummerbecauseitisabitold.2.belikelytoAndifyouintroduceyourselftoafriendlyface,youaremorethanlikelytoexperiencelocalcultureandcustomsfirsthand.据我判断，你更有可能获得这个工作。AsfarasIcanjudge,youare_more_likely_to_get_the_job.
1.surroundvt.围绕；包围(1)surroundsb./sth.with/by...使某人/某物被……包围(2)surroundingadj.周围的(3)surroundingsn.环境(通常用复数形式)[词块]besurroundedbyfamilyandfriends有家人和朋友陪伴在身边thesurroundingscenery四周的风景单句语法填空①(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)Whenhesawthemistsrisingfromtheriverandthesoftcloudssurrounding(surround)themountaintops,hewasreducedtotears.②(2019·江苏卷)Stevearrivedandsatinthefrontrow,surrounded(surround)byhisfamily.③(2018·天津卷)Nowweliveinaworldsurrounded(surround)bythe“can'tdo”attitudes.④(2018·天津卷)Whydothehikerstakenonoticeofthesurroundings(surround)duringthejourney?句式升级(普通表达)Thetallbuildinginthedistanceishometomyfather'scompany.Thetallbuildingissurroundedbyagreatmanybigtrees.⑤(高级表达)Thetallbuildingsurrounded_by_a_great_many_big_trees_in_the_distanceishometomyfather'scompany.(分词作定语)⑥(高级表达)Thetallbuildingwhich_is_surrounded_by_a_great_many_big_trees_in_the_distanceishometomyfather'scompany.(定语从句)2.chargevt.收费；控告；充电n.收费；主管；指控；控告；指责；批评(1)chargesb.withsth.因某事控告某人(2)chargesb.forsth.向某人索取……的费用(3)freeofcharge/forfree免费incharge(of)主管；负责；照顾inthechargeof/inone'scharge由某人负责；由某人管理takechargeof掌管；负责；看管[词块]thepersonincharge负责人servicecharge服务费criminalcharges刑事指控单句语法填空①(江苏卷)Wechoosethishotelbecausethepriceforanighthereisdownto$20,halfof
whatitusedto_charge(charge)．②(江苏卷)Farfromcharging(charge)consumershighprices,manyoftheseservicesarefree.③—Iwonderhowmuchyouchargeforyourservices.—Thefirsttwoarefreewhilethethirdcosts$30.④Themanwhohadtakenchargeofthecompanywaschargedwithtakingdrugs.⑤Yourorderwillbedeliveredfreeofchargewithinatenmilelimit.一句多译他不能掌管这个项目，因为这超出了他的能力。⑥Theprogrammecan'tbein_his_chargebecauseitisbeyondhisability.⑦Hecan'tbein_charge_oftheprogrammebecauseitisbeyondhisability.3.amountn.金额；数量(1)asmall/largeamountof＋不可数名词＋单数动词少/大量的……amountsof＋不可数名词＋复数动词大量的……(2)amountto合计；共有[词块]alargeamountofinformation大量的信息单句语法填空①(2020·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)Boththefatandthinversionsoftheactortookalargeamountoffood.②It'sreportedthatalargeamountofmoneywas_spent(spend)onthebridge.③It'sreportedthatlargeamountsofmoneywere_spent(spend)onthebridge.完成句子据说一大笔资金投入到了这个分公司。④It's_said_that_a_large_amount_of_capitalisinvestedinthebranch.4.approachvi.接近；靠近；走近vt.接近；接洽；对付；着手处理n.接近；方法；途径(1)theapproachof……的来临anapproachto...做某事的方法；通向某地的路attheapproachof在快到……的时候(2)approachto/towards...接近……，靠近……approach作名词时，后面常跟介词to，表示“……的方法”，而way,method,means表示“方法”时后常跟介词of。[词块]theapproachofautumn秋天的来临
anewapproachtotherailwaystation去火车站的一条新路单句语法填空①(2020·浙江卷)Icouldn'tseeDon,butasIapproached(approach)thetractorhejumpedoutontotheroad,apparentlyunhurt,anddashedbacktome.②(上海卷)Approaching(approach)thecitycentre,wesawastonestatueofabout10metresinheight.③(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)China'sapproachtoprotectingitsenvironmentwhilefeedingitscitizensoffersusefullessonsforagricultureandfoodpolicymakersworldwide.④Attheapproachofthe2022universityentranceexamination,mostofusstayuplatetostudy.词汇升级/句式升级(普通表达)Asthetimeforgraduationiscoming,wearebusywithourpapers.⑤(高级表达)Asthetimeforgraduationisapproaching/drawing_near/around_the_corner,wearebusywithourpapers.⑥(高级表达)With_the_time_for_graduation_approaching,wearebusywithourpapers.(with复合结构)5.belongto属于；归属；为……的一员(1)belongto不用于进行时态也没有被动形式。类似用法的还有takeplace,occur,happen等。(2)belongvi.应在(某处)；适应(3)belongingn.归属(4)belongingsn.所有物；财产[词块]asenseofbelonging归属感personalbelongings个人财物单句语法填空①(2019·浙江卷)Thestudentsfeelthattheybelongtoaparticulargroup.②(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)Adultsunderstandwhatitfeelsliketobefloodedwithobjects.Whydoweoftenassumethatmoreismorewhenitcomestokidsandtheirbelongings(belong)?③—Haveyouseenadictionarybelonging(belong)toourschoollibrary?—Yes,itisoverthereandMaryisusingit.一句多译众所周知，中国是属于第三世界的国家。④ItiswellknownthatChinaisacountrywhich_belongs_totheThirdWorld.(定语从句)⑤ItiswellknownthatChinaisacountrybelonging_totheThirdWorld.(分词作定语)
6.havesth.done(教材原文)TheyhadcastlesbuiltallaroundEngland,andmadechangestothelegalsystem.他们在英格兰各地修建了城堡，并对法律制度进行了修改。(1)“have＋sth.(宾语)＋过去分词(宾语补足语)”表示三种意义。一是“让/叫/使/请别人做某事”；二是表示主语遭受的损失；三是完成或解决某事(主语可参与)，宾语后面用过去分词作宾语补足语，说明宾语与过去分词表示的动作之间是被动关系。(2)havesb.dosth.让某人做某事(3)havesb./sth.doing让某人一直在做某事/让某事一直发生(4)havesth.todo有某事要做(不定式作定语)[金句](2018·天津卷)IneedanewpassportsoIwillhavetohavemyphotographtaken.我需要一个新的护照，所以我不得不去照张照片。单句语法填空①Ifelldownandbrokethreeofmyteeth.IwonderhowmanytimesIhavetocomehereandhavemyfalseteethfixed(fix)．②(北京卷)Iwon'thaveyoumaking(make)thesamemistakeagainandagain.③Whenhismotherhadhimdohishomework,hedecidedtohavehislightburning(burn)allnighttopretendhewasworkinghard.④(山东卷)Ihavealotofreadingsto_complete(complete)beforetheendofthisterm.句式升级(普通表达)YoushouldtakethechancetodeepenyourknowledgeoftraditionalChineseculture.⑤(高级表达)Youshouldtakethechancetohave_your_knowledge_of_traditional_Chinese_culture_deepened.(have＋宾语＋宾补)用所给词的正确形式填空1.Atthemeetingtheydiscussedthreedifferentapproaches(approach)tothestudyofmathematics.2.Enteringtheroom，IfoundJacksurrounding(surround)himselfwithpilesofbooks.3.It'ssaidthatamountsofwaterinthisareawere(be)pollutedandsomespecialistsweresenttheretosolvetheproblem.4.Charged(charge)withactingdishonestlyinherbusiness,shewasinlowspirits.5.Thereisnodoubtthattheseculturalrelicsbelonging(belong)tothestateshouldbe
returned.在空白处填入一个适当的词1.Papercuttinghasahistoryofover1,500years,whichbelongstotraditionalartinChina.2.Katewasinahurrytogrowup,eagerforknowledgeandexperience.3.Whentheteacherannouncedthenewstothestudents,theyallburstintocheers.4.Itisthoughtthatgirlsshouldbetrainedtodefendthemselvesagainstsomeattacks.5.Myuncleissogenerouswithhismoneythatheispopularwithhisfriends.查缺补漏1.Clairehadherluggagechecked(check)anhourbeforeherplaneleft.2.Itwasfreezingcoldandweallcrowded(crowd)aroundthestovetokeepwarm.3.Itisimportantto_remember(remember)thatsuccessisasumofsmalleffortsmadeeachdayandoftentakesyearstoachieve.4.It'sbelievedthatitisdifficulttobreakawayfromthehabitofsmoking.5.Actorshavetolearntheircuesaswellastheirownlines.【教师用书独具】单元话题语篇练(2020·河北宣化模拟)SilkismainlyproducedinthesouthoftheYangtzeRiverDelta.Thepeople1.living(live)intheregionweretheinventorsofsilkfabric,andnootherculturediscoveredthisprocessindependently.Thehistoryofsilkmaking2.began(begin)6,000yearsago,andtheearliestexampleofsilkfabric3.thathasbeendiscovereddatesfrom3630BCinHenan.SilkclothproducingprocesswaswelladvancedduringtheShangDynasty(about1600—1046BC)era.Chinaproducesabout150,000tons4.annually(annual).Thisismuchmorethantherestoftheworld.OnlyIndiahasacomparablylargeindustrythatproducesabout30,000tons.Itisthoughtthatsilk5.was_exported(export)alongtheSilkRoadroutesabout400BCago.Butafterthat,the6.various/varied(variety)kingdomskeptsecretthemethodsofsilk7.production(produce)foranotherthousandyears.Itmighthavebeenoneofthemostenergeticallyguardedsecretsinhistory.Anyone8.found(find)secretlycarryingsilkwormeggs,ormulberry(桑树)seedswasputto9.death(die)．Silkgarmentswerewornbyemperorsandroyalty.Itwasasymbolofstatus,10.socommonpeoplewereprohibitedfromwearingsilk.Silkwasalsousedforanumberofotherapplicationsincludingluxurywritingmaterial.单元话题写作练1.补全要点句(黑体部分请使用本单元所学词汇)①很多人都渴望去参观大英博物馆，因为它可以被视为一场视觉盛宴。
Manypeopleare_eager_tovisittheBritishMuseumbecauseitcanberegardedasafeastofeyes.②没有其他博物馆能够取代大英博物馆。Noothermuseumscantake_the_place_oftheBritishMuseum.③对于全世界游客来说它是一个极有吸引力的旅游景点。Itisafascinatingtouristattractionfortouristsfromallovertheworld.④大英博物馆包括九个展厅，其中一个就是中国展厅。TheBritishMuseumconsists_ofnineshowrooms,oneofwhichistheshowroomofChina.⑤当你环顾这个展厅四周时，你可能会觉得困惑，英国居然拿走了那么多属于中国的珍贵的东西。Whenyoulookaroundtheshowroom,youmayfeel_puzzledthatBritainshouldhavetakensomanyvaluablethingsbelonging_toChina.⑥游览大英博物馆，你必须确保把要参观的东西列一张单子。WhenvisitingtheBritishMuseum,youmustensurethatyouhavemadealistofthethingswhichyouwanttosee.⑦只有用这种方式，你才能确保不遗漏那些引人注目的东西。Onlyinthiswaycanyoumakesurenottoleaveoutanythingstriking.2.升级平淡句(1)用which引导的非限制性定语从句合并1中句②和句③NoothermuseumscantaketheplaceoftheBritishMuseum,whichisafascinatingtouristattractionfortouristsfromallovertheworld.(2)用what引导的主语从句和that引导的表语从句升级1中句⑤Whenyoulookaroundtheshowroom,whatmaypuzzleyouisthatBritainshouldhavetakensomanyvaluablethingsbelongingtoChina.3.衔接成文ManypeopleareeagertovisittheBritishMuseumbecauseitcanberegardedasafeastofeyes.Besides,noothermuseumscantaketheplaceoftheBritishMuseum,whichisafascinatingtouristattractionfortouristsfromallovertheworld.TheBritishMuseumconsistsofnineshowrooms,oneofwhichistheshowroomofChina.Whenyoulookaroundtheshowroom,whatmaypuzzleyouisthatBritainshouldhavetakensomanyvaluablethingsbelongingtoChina.What'smore,whenvisitingtheBritishMuseum,youmustensurethatyouhavemadealistofthethingswhichyouwanttosee.Onlyinthiswaycanyoumakesurenottoleaveoutanythingstriking.
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