基础巩固Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Intraditional(tradition)Chineseculture，marriagedecisionswereoftenmadebyparentsfortheirchildren.2．PeopleinLosAngeles，Californiahavenoideaofdistance(distant)onthemap；theymeasuredistanceintime，notmiles.3．Aneweightkilometerroadisunderconstructionthatlinkstheportareawiththemotorwaysystem.4．Amoderncityhasbeensetupinwhatwasawastelandtenyearsago.5．Built(build)inthe16thcentury，thecastlehaswitnessedtoomuchcomingandgoinginhistory.6．Therearetwobuildingsinthisvillage，thelargerofwhichstandsnearlyahundredfeethigh.7．Nooneknowsforsurehowtheuniversecameintoexistence(exist)．8．Atthefootofthemountainliesasmallvillagewithaverylonghistory.9．Thehotelhasplentyofroomsranging(range)fromsingleroomtopresidentialsuite.10．TheheadofficeofthebankisinBeijing，butithasbranches(branch)allovertheworld.Ⅱ.单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误)11．Thecountryshowsrespectdifferentreligiousbeliefsandtriesitsbesttoprotectancientculturalrelics.12．Ifyouswiminariverorlake，besuretoinvestigateisbelowthewatersurface.13．VancouverisCanada’smostbeautifulcity,bymountainsandthePacificOcean.14．Formanynations，blueisasymbolofprotectionandbeliefs.15．Thewallismadeupoffourmainelements，includeawaterproofcoveringandontheinsideofthetunnel，aconcretelining.16．ThepositionoftheclassroomwithitsviewmademelikeIwasdreaming.
能力提升Ⅲ.阅读理解ATheweatheroutsidemightbefreezingathome，butthatdoesn’tmeanyouhavetospendthewintertrembling.Instead，grabyourbathingsuitandsunscreenandheadtothesesunnyspotsthatofferthebestwarmweathergetaways.SanJuan，PuertoRicoHeadtothehotcitynightlifeofSanJuan，wherethestreetsofsmartCondadobackrightintothepalmtreesandlappingwaves.Topchefs，stylishhotels，bars，clubs，andshopsarealljuststepsawayfromthetropicalbeaches.SincePuertoRicoisaUnitedStatesCommonwealth，it’soneoftheeasiestislandsintheCaribbeantovisitsinceyouwon’tneedanypass，havetochangemoney，orevenworryaboutyourcellphoneworking.RivieraMaya，MexicoWhat’sbetterthandivingintothesaltysea?GoingintotheclearandsaltfreewatersofthenaturallimestonecenotesoftheRivieraMayaandYucatanPeninsula.Spendasunnydayexploringthesenaturalcavepoolsfilledwithcoolwaterthatspringsfromthegroundbelowandthethickpalmforeststhatsurroundthem.ThenheadbacktoFairmontMayakobaforcomfortableroomsandmodernMexicancuisine.NewOrleansNewOrleans’livelynightlifeandlivemusicscenesmakethe“BigEasy”agreatgirl’stripwintergetaway.Andevenifyourcrewisn’tonetoseekouttheboozyBourbonStreetcrawl，there’splentyofamazingfoodtobediscoveredintheFrenchQuarter，plentyofshoppingandwalkingintheGardenDistrict.Clearwater，FloridaIfyouwanttomeetarealmoviestarwhilealsotakinginthesun，headtotheGulfshoresofClearwater，Florida.HereyoucanmeetthestarsofDolphinTaleandDolphinTale2，WinterandHope，whoareinresidenceattheClearwaterMarineAquarium.1．WhatmakesPuertoRicoaneasytouristdestination?A．Nopassisneeded.B．ItliesintheCaribbean.C．It’snearthetropicalbeaches.D．Manytravelservicesareoffered.答案 A解析 细节理解题。根据SanJuan，PuertoRico部分中的“SincePuertoRicoisaUnitedStates
Commonwealth...sinceyouwon’tneedanypass...orevenworryaboutyourcellphoneworking.”可知，不需要通行证使波多黎各成为一个方便的旅游目的地。故选A。2．WhatcanyoudoifgoingtoRivieraMaya?A．Diveintothesaltysea.B．Enjoylivemusicscenes.C．Meetsomerealfamousactors.D．Explorenaturalcavepools.答案 D解析 细节理解题。根据RivieraMaya，Mexico部分中的“Spendasunnydayexploring...thethickpalmforeststhatsurroundthem.”可知，如果去里维埃拉玛雅，你可以探索天然洞穴池。故选D。3．Whichplacewillyougotoifyouareafilmfan?A．SanJuan，PuertoRico.B．RivieraMaya，Mexico.C．NewOrleans.D．Clearwater，Florida.答案 D解析 细节理解题。根据Clearwater，Florida部分中的“Ifyouwanttomeetarealmoviestarwhilealsotakinginthesun，headtotheGulfshoresofClearwater，Florida.”可知，如果你是个影迷，你会去佛罗里达州的克利尔沃特湾海岸。故选D。BUntilrecently，severallinesofevidence—fromfossils，genetics，andarchaeology—suggestedthathumansfirstmovedfromAfricaintoEurasia(thelandofEuropeandAsia)about60,000yearsago，quicklyreplacingotherearlyhumanspecies，suchasNeanderthalsandDenisovans，thattheymayhavemetalongtheway.However，aseriesofrecentdiscoveries，including100,000yearoldhumanteethfoundinacaveinChina，havecloudedthisstraightforwardstatement.Andthelatestfind，aprehistoricjawboneattheMisliyaCaveinIsrael(以色列)datingbacktonearly200,000yearsago，whichisalmosttwiceasoldasanyHomosapiens(智人)remainsdiscoveredoutsideAfrica，whereourspecieswasthoughttohaveoriginatedfrom，hasaddedanewandunexpectedtwist.ThefindsuggeststhatthereweremultiplewavesofmigrationacrossEuropeandAsiaandcouldalsomeanthatmodernhumansintheMiddleEastwereinteracting，andpossiblymating，withotherhumanspeciesfortensofthousandsofyears.“Misliyabreaksthemould(模式)ofexistingassumptionsofthetimingofthefirstknownHomosapiensintheseregions，”saidChris
Stringer，headofhumanoriginsattheNaturalHistoryMuseuminLondon.“It’simportantinremovingalonglastingconstraint(限制)onourthinking.”Prof.Hershkovitz，wholedtheworkatTelAvivUniversitysaid，“WhatMisliyatellsusisthatmodernhumansleftAfricanot100,000yearsago，but200,000yearsago.Thisisarevolutioninthewayweunderstandtheevolutionofourownspecies.”HealsoaddedthattherecordnowindicatesthathumansprobablytravelledbeyondtheAfricancontinentwhenevertheclimateallowedit.“Idon’tbelievetherewasonebigdeparturefromAfrica，”hesaid.“IthinkthatthroughouthundredsofthousandsofyearshumanswerecominginandoutofAfricaallthetime.”Thediscoverymeansthatmodernhumanswerepotentiallymeetingandinteractingduringalongerperiodwithotherancienthumangroups，providingmoreopportunityforculturalandbiologicalexchanges.Italsoraisesinterestingquestionsaboutthefateoftheearliestmodernhumanpioneers.GeneticdatafrommoderndaypopulationsaroundtheworldstronglysuggestthateveryoneoutsideAfricacantracetheirancestorsbacktoagroupthatleftaround60,000yearsago.SotheinhabitantsoftheMisliyaCaveareprobablynottheancestorsofanyonealivetoday，andscientistscanonlyguesswhytheirbranchofthefamilytreecametoanend.语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了人类迁移的历史比此前证实的要早，这一发现意味着现代人类有可能在更长的时期内与其他古代人类群体相遇和互动，为文化和生物交流提供了更多的机会。4．WhatdoestheMisliyadiscoverysuggest?A．Ourancestorswerepowerfulandkindofaggressive.B．OurancestorsleftAfricamuchearlierthanthought.C．TheoriginsofmodernhumansarefromEurope.D．Homosapiens，NeanderthalsandDenisovansoncelivedtogether.答案 B解析 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“aprehistoricjawboneattheMisliyaCaveinIsrael(以色列)datingbacktonearly200,000yearsago...twist”和第四段中的“WhatMisliyatellsusisthatmodernhumansleft...ago.”可知，这一发现表明我们的祖先离开非洲的时间比我们想象的要早得多。故选B。5．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“they”refertoinPara.1?A．EarlyhumanspecieslivinginEurope.B．NeanderthalsandDenisovans.C．PeoplefirstmovingfromAfricaintoEurasia.D．AncientpeoplelivinginAfricaallthetime.
答案 C解析 代词指代题。根据第一段中的“humansfirstmovedfromAfricaintoEurasia...suchasNeanderthalsandDenisovans”可知，此处的they指代前文的humansfirstmovingfromAfricaintoEurasia(第一批从非洲到欧亚大陆的人)。故选C。6．WhatcanbelearnedfromProf.Hershkovitz’swordsinPara.4?A．ClimatewasabigfactorinhumanmigrationfromAfrica.B．TherewasalargescalehumanmigrationfromAfrica.C．HumanmigrationwasoccasionalinAfrica200,000yearsago.D．TheMisliyafindisagainstourunderstandingofhumanevolution.答案 A解析 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“HealsoaddedthattherecordnowindicatesthathumansprobablytravelledbeyondtheAfricancontinentwhenevertheclimateallowedit.”可知，Hershkovitz教授认为气候是人类从非洲迁徙的一个重要因素。故选A。7．WhatcanweinferaboutthoselivinginMisliya200,000yearsagoaccordingtothelastparagraph?A．TheywereancestorsofpeoplelivinginChina.B．Theyleftevidencefortheirmysteriousdisappearanceinhistory.C．Theyprobablycontributedlittletopresentdaypeoplegenetically.D．Theycouldbetracedbytheirremainsleftontheirtravellingroute.答案 C解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“...everyoneoutsideAfricacantracetheirancestorsbacktoagroupthatleftaround60,000yearsago.SotheinhabitantsoftheMisliyaCaveareprobablynottheancestorsofanyonealivetoday”可推知，那些生活在米斯利亚山洞的人可能对当代人的基因贡献不大。故选C。Ⅳ.短文改错HiLucia，Howareyou?ItwassonicelytomeetyoulastweekinSydneyatthesalesmeeting.Howwasrestofyourtrip?Doyouseeanykangaroos?Ihopeyougothomesafely.Anyway，ImovedtoBerlinlastweek，whenmycompany’snewofficebuildingislocated.Thebuildingisgoingtobeopenedinthreeweeks.Theofficesarenice，butthelocationisperfect.Therearelotsofrestaurants，cafesandbanksonthearea.Thereisalsopublictransport，madeiteasytogetaround.Ifyoucometovisit，IwouldhavelovetoshowyouaroundBerlin，especiallyinthewinter.Youalwayssayyouhadneverseensnow—youwillseethemhere!Mike答案
HiLucia，Howareyou?ItwassotomeetyoulastweekinSydneyatthesalesmeeting.Howwasrestofyourtrip?youseeanykangaroos?Ihopeyougothomesafely.Anyway，ImovedtoBerlinlastweek，mycompany’snewofficebuildingislocated.Thebuildingisgoingtobeopenedinthreeweeks.Theofficesarenice，thelocationisperfect.Therearelotsofrestaurants，cafesandbanksthearea.Thereisalsopublictransport，iteasytogetaround.Ifyoucometovisit，IwouldhavelovetoshowyouaroundBerlin，especiallyinthewinter.Youalwayssayyouneverseensnow—youwillseehere!MikeⅤ.书面表达假如你是高中生李华，你的美国笔友Jack热爱中国传统文化，最近打算来中国工作、生活一段时间，但是不确定应该去哪个城市，写信向你咨询。请你给他写一封回信，内容包括：1．你推荐的城市；2．推荐的理由(不少于两条)；3．美好祝愿。注意：1．词数100左右；2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。参考范文DearJack，IamsopleasedtolearnthatyouaretospendsometimeinChina.IrecommendyoutostayinBeijing，thecapitalandculturalcenterofChina.Thecityenjoysahighreputationforitsabundanceofancientarchitecture，whichrepresentsthetraditionallocallifestyles.Andtherearealsoplentyofmuseumswherepreciousrelicsofhistoricalinterestarewaitingforyoutoexplore.Besides，theexceptionalPekingOperaperformancestherearealsowhatyoucan’tmiss.IwishyouaveryhappyandmeaningfultimeinChina!Yourssincerely，LiHua
Ⅰ.话题词汇总结1．spotn．点，斑点；地点，场所v．发现2．tropicaladj.热带的3．scenen．景色；场景4．getawayn．短假5．seekv．寻找；寻求6．discoveryn．发现7．migrationn．迁移；移居8．regionn．区域9．ancestorn．祖先10．datebackto追溯到……联想 常用的和历史与地理有关的词汇还有：1．historyn历史2．beliefn．信念；信任3．surroundv．包围4．distancen．距离5．culturaladj.文化的6．campaignn．运动7．appearv．出现8．representv．代表9．traditionaladj.传统的10．localadj.本地的；当地的话题微写作——根据所给的汉语及以上词汇，完成下面的小短文。剪纸，这个有1000多年历史的民间艺术有多种多样的式样。我们经常在中国传统节日里看到剪纸，它被认为象征着文化的意义。人们张贴剪纸的原因是他们认为剪纸能给他们带来好运和幸福。Papercuttings，akindoffolkartworks，withahistoryofover1,000years，havevariouspatterns.TheyareoftenseenintraditionalChinesefestivals，whichareconsideredtorepresentculturalmeanings.Thereasonwhypeopleputuppapercuttingsisthatitisbelievedthattheycanbringgoodluckandhappinesstothem.Ⅱ.长难句分析Spendasunnydayexploringthesenaturalcavepoolsfilledwithcoolwaterthatspringsfromthegroundbelowandthethickpalmforeststhatsurroundthem.
[句式分析] 本句为复合祈使句，filledwithcoolwater为过去分词作后置定语，thatspringsfromthegroundbelow和thatsurroundthem为定语从句，分别修饰coolwater和thethickpalmforests。[自主翻译] 在一个晴朗的日子去探索这些满是从地下冒出的凉水的天然洞穴池，它们周围是茂密的棕榈林。[仿写运用] 花四天在西藏游玩，探索它独特的自然风光，这种风光在其他地方找不到。SpendfourdaystouringinTibet，exploringitsuniquenaturalscenerythatcan’tbefoundelsewhere.
微信/支付宝扫码支付