Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2020·安徽皖南八校第二次联考)A2bedroomhouseforrentinDownhamWay，Bromley，BRIDescriptionSituatedinacenter，thissurprisinglylarge2bedroomhouseisastone’sthrowfromGroveParkstationwithitsarrayofshops，barsandrestaurants.What’smore，itisclosetolocalschools—primaryandsecondaryschools.Thispropertyiswellpresented，fullofcharacterandcharm，andhasmanyattractivefeatures.Itiscomprisedofanentrancehall，afullyfittedmodernkitchenandhascentralgasheating.Tothefirstfloorthereisalanding，givingaccesstotwodoublebedroomsandabathroom.Outsidethereisawellkeptgardentothefrontaspectoftheproperty.Offeredunfurnishedandearliestviewingadvised.Thehouseisavailablefrom27thNov.2019anditisgreatforprofessionalsandfamilies.Allphotographsareprovidedforguidanceonlyandviewingsareallowed.Ifyouaresatisfiedwiththehouseandwanttorentit,2weeks’deposit，whichishalfofamonth’srent，willberequired.Summary&ExclusionsRentAmount：￡1,400permonth(Rentisdueon1stofthemonth.)AgentFees：￡150AdministrationFees：￡50Minimumrenttermis12months/Maximumnumberofrentersis5BillsnotincludedNoParkingAvailableNoteIfcalling，pleasequotereference(编号)：220540Phonebookingsareavailablefrom9amto9pm,7daysaweek.语篇解读 这是一篇应用文。文章为一则房屋出租广告，广告描述了出租房屋的位置和租金等情况。1．Whatcanwelearnaboutthehouse?A．Ithasaneatbackgarden.
B．Itisequippedwithtailoredfurniture.C．Itisnearprimaryandsecondaryschools.D．Itcanbebookedonthephoneafter8∶30am.答案 C解析 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句可知，房子在小学和中学附近。故选C。2．Howmuchisthedepositifafamilyofthreeistorentthehouse?A．￡350.B．￡700.C．￡1,050.D．￡1,400.答案 B解析 数字计算题。根据第三段最后一句可知，如果你对这所房子满意，并想租它，你需要交两个星期的押金，即半个月的房租。再根据Summary&Exclusions部分中的“RentAmount：￡1,400permonth(Rentisdueon1stofthemonth.)”可知，租金：每月1400英镑。故如果一个三口之家要租这所房子，押金是：￡1400/2＝￡700。故选B。3．Whoisqualifiedforrentingthehouse?A．Afamilyoffourwantstorentthehousefortwoyears.B．Afamilyoffivewantstorentthehouseforhalfayear.C．Afamilyofsixwantstorentthehouseforoneyear.D．Afamilyofthreewantstorentthehouseforninemonths.答案 A解析 推理判断题。根据Summary&Exclusions部分中的“Minimumrenttermis12months/Maximumnumberofrentersis5(最低租期为12个月/租客人数上限为5人)”结合选项分析可知，一个想租这所房子两年的四口之家有资格租这所房子。故选A。BTwoRussiancosmonauts(宇航员)aboardtheInternationalSpaceStation(ISS)playedchessagainstanEarthboundgrandmasteronTuesday，incelebrationofthefirstsuchgamehalfacenturyago.Equippedwithanelectronicchessboard，cosmonautsAnatolyIvanishinandIvanVaguerplayedinzerogravityagainst30yearoldRussianformerchildprodigy(神童)SergeiKaryakin.Thegamewasbroadcastliveandendedinadrawafterabout15minutes.ItwasorganisedbythespaceagencyRoscosmosandtheRussianChessFederationtocelebratethe50thanniversaryofthefirstSpaceEarthgameofchessplayedonJune9,1970.“It’sahugehonorforusnottolosetoagrandmaster，”Ivanishinsaid，whileVagueraddedthatUSastronautsontheISSwatchedthegameandgavetips.Karyakin，whoplayedfromMoscow’sMuseumofCosmonautics，saidhewasjitteryduring
thegameandcouldnotfallasleepuntil4a．m.onthenightbeforethematch.“Theyplayedwell，”hesaid.“Icansaythatthehumanbrainfunctionsverywellinspace，andIhaveseenthistoday.”Attheageof12yearsandsevenmonths，Karyakinbecametheworld’syoungestevergrandmaster.Ivanishin，VagnerandUSastronautChrisCassidyarrivedontheISSinApril.OnMay31，theywerejoinedbyUSastronautsBobBehnkenandDougHurleyonthefirstmannedprivateflighttotheISS.SpaceXmadehistorybybecomingtheworld’sfirstcommercialcompanytosendhumanstotheISS，leadingRussiatoloseitslongheldmonopoly(垄断)onspacetravel.语篇解读 本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了两位身处国际空间站的俄罗斯宇航员与在地面上的俄罗斯国际象棋大师进行的一场象棋比赛。该场比赛是为了纪念50年前首次在太空和地球之间进行的象棋比赛。4．WhydidthetwoRussianastronautsplaychessontheISS?A．ToofferaliveshowfromtheISS.B．ToprovetheirsuccessinboardingtheISS.C．Totestthehumanbrainfunctionsinzerogravity.D．TocelebratethefirstSpaceEarthchessgame50yearsago.答案 D解析 细节理解题。根据第一段和第三段第一句可知，两名俄罗斯宇航员在国际空间站上下棋，是为了纪念50年前的第一场太空地球棋局。故选D。5．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“jittery”meaninthefourthparagraph?A．Bored.B．Disappointed.C．Anxious.D．Frightened.答案 C解析 词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“andcouldnotfallasleepuntil4a．m.onthenightbeforethematch”可知，Karyakin在比赛前凌晨4点才入睡，这说明他非常紧张。故画线词jittery意为“紧张不安的”。故选C。6．Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A．ASpaceEarthChessGameB．AFormerChildChessProdigyC．AChessGamePlayedontheISSD．ACelebrationofHumanSpaceHistory答案 A解析
标题归纳题。通读全文，特别是根据第一段可知，文章主要介绍了两位身处国际空间站的俄罗斯宇航员与在地面上的俄罗斯国际象棋大师进行的一场象棋比赛。该场比赛是为了纪念50年前首次在太空和地球之间进行的象棋比赛。故选项A最适合作文章标题。故选A。CTheygiveuspaperandfuel，aswellasvitalecologicalservices—likecleaningtheair，storingcarbonandprovidinghome.We’retalkingabouttrees，ofcourse.Buthumanchangestotheenvironmentappeartobecausinggreatchangestotreesaroundtheworld.Inanewstudy，scientistsreviewedglobalresearchontrendsintreeseedlings(幼苗)，growth，anddeath.Theycombinedthosedatawithananalysisofdeforestation(森林采伐)．Andtheyfoundworldwide，oldertreesaredyingatahigherratethaninthepast，duetoreasonslikerisingairtemperature，wildfires，drought(干旱)andpathogens(病菌)．“Andmostofthedriversofthatdecreaseinlarge，oldtreesareincreasingthemselves，suchastemperaturegoingup，droughtsaremoresevere，wildfires，windstorms，anddeforestationareall—althoughvariableacrosstheglobe—they’regenerallyincreasing.Andsoboththelosshasalreadyoccurred，butweexpectmorecontinuedlossofbig，oldtrees，”saidNateMcDowell，anearthscientistatPacificNorthwestNationalLab，whowasoneofthestudy’sauthors.“Soifwehaveanincreasingrateofdeath，particularlyofthelarger，oldertrees，what’sleftaretheyoungertrees.Sothat’swhyonaverage，throughthelossofbigger，oldertrees，ourforestsarebecomingyoungerandshorter.Thistrendisaproblem，becauseoldtreesarevitallyimportant.”“Theincreaseindeathdoeslimitthecarbonstorageofanecosystem，andcanforcethesystemtobecomeacarbonsourcetotheatmosphere.Thesecondreasonisfromabiodiversityviewpoint—oldtreestendtohouseahigherbiodiversity.Andthethirdreasonislinkedwithbeauty：asasocietywecareaboutthesetrees.Wehavenationalparksnamedafterthesebigtrees，”NateMcDowelladded.语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了由于种种原因，森林里较大、较老的树木不断死亡，剩下的多为幼树，森林正在变得更年轻、更矮，文章告诫我们要保护古树。7．What’sthepurposeoftheauthorinwritingthepassage?A．Towarnustocareaboutoldtrees.B．Tocallonustoplantmoretrees.C．Totelluswhyoldtreesaredyingout.D．Toproveforestsarebecomingsmaller.答案 A解析 写作意图题。根据第一段中的“Theygiveuspaperandfuel，aswellasvital...We’retalkingabouttrees，ofcourse.”第三段中的“Andmostofthedriversofthatdecreaseinlarge，...they’regenerallyincreasing.”以及第四段中的“Thistrendisaproblem，becauseold
treesarevitallyimportant.”可知，作者讲述森林树木对人类的作用，但由于人类自身和外界的原因古树越来越少，但它们很重要。由此可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是告诫我们要爱护古树。故选A项。8．WhichofthefollowingdoesNateMcDowellthinkisaproblem?A．There’llbealargernumberofoldertrees.B．Oldertreeswilldisappearintheworld.C．Youngtreeswillbecutdownbypeople.D．Treeswillbecomeyoungerandshorter.答案 D解析 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Sothat’swhyonaverage，throughthelossofbigger，oldertrees，ourforestsarebecomingyoungerandshorter.Thistrendisaproblem，becauseoldtreesarevitallyimportant.”可知，内特·麦克道尔认为树变得更年轻、更矮是一个问题。故选D项。9．Whyareoldtreesimportant?A．Theyarebeautiful.B．Theycanshelteravarietyofwildlife.C．Nationalparkshaveaccesstothem.D．Theylimitthecarbonstorageofanecosystem.答案 B解析 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Thesecondreasonisfromabiodiversityviewpoint—oldtreestendtohouseahigherbiodiversity.”可知，古树可以庇护各种野生动物，所以它们重要。故选B项。10．Whatmaybethebesttitleforthetext?A．TemperatureDestroysForestsB．ForestsGetYoungerandShorterC．TheReasonsoftheLossofOldTreesD．TheDriveroftheDecreaseofOldTrees答案 B解析 标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其是第五段的内容可知，本文主要是讲述了由于种种原因，森林里较大、较老的树木不断死亡，剩下的多为幼树，因此森林正在变得更年轻、更矮。故本文的最佳标题是“森林变得更年轻、更矮”。故选B项。DBeingbored，lazyanddisconnectedfromphysicalworkleaveslotsoftimeandspaceforyourbodyandmindtofillwithnegativesubstitutes.Justasanoldsayinggoes，idlehandsarethedevil’splayground.
Neuroscience(神经科学)actuallysupportsthistheory.Oratleast，researchshowsthattheoppositeistrue—activehandsstimulateyourbraintoproducechemicalsthatbalanceemotionsandloweranxiety.Inthe19thcenturyanxiouswomenwereoftengiventheprescriptiontoknit(编织)becausedoctorssensedthatitkindofcalmedthemdown.Thatisnottosaythatanxietycanbecuredbyknitting.Butitdoeshighlighthowrepetitivehandmovementsinvolvedinthecraftcombinewiththesatisfactionofcastingoffafinishedproducttowearorgive.Itcarriesmentalhealthbenefitsatadeep，biochemicallevel.Otherresearchhasfocusedonknitting’semotionalbenefits.Onestudyshowedthatknittinglowerstheheartrateby11beatsperminute.Anotherlinkedknittingwithadecreasedchanceofdevelopingcognitiveimpairment(认知障碍)andmemoryloss.Andstillotherspointtopositivebenefitsinmanagingchronic(慢性的)painanddepression.Ofcourse，knittingisnottheonlywaytotakeyouremotionalwellbeingintoyourownhands.Woodworking，gardening，potteryandpaintingwillalsobenefityourmentalhealth.Andtheyallinvolveputtingyourtwohandstowork.Whatdoyoudowithyourhandstokeepthembusyandkeepyourselfcalmandhappy?语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了编织能减轻焦虑、有利于心理健康的作用，并且最后总结出让双手劳动起来有利于身心健康。11．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“idle”inParagraph1mean?A．Inactive.B．Occupied.C．Flexible.D．Awkward.答案 A解析 词义猜测题。第二段第二句中的“theopposite”表明active是idle的反义词。active意为“积极的”，因此idle可以理解为“不积极的；懒惰的”。故选A项。12．Whydiddoctorsinthe19thcenturyadviseanxiouswomentoknit?A．Tosatisfytheirneed.B．Toreducetheiranxiety.C．Tohelpthemmakemoney.D．Toequipthemwithanewskill.答案 B解析 细节理解题。根据文章第三段第一句可知，医生们觉察到编织会在某种程度上使患者安静下来。故选B项。13．Whichofthefollowingbestexpressesthekeypointofthetext?A．Theadvantagesofactivehands.
B．Theeffectsofrepetitiveknitting.C．Thereliabilityofthescientificresearch.D．Thebenefitsofkeepingpositive.答案 A解析 主旨大意题。本文主要说明了通过编织等动手劳动能减轻焦虑，有利于心理健康且末段“Whatdoyoudowithyourhandstokeepthembusyandkeepyourselfcalmandhappy？”呼应主题activehands。Theadvantagesofactivehands概括准确。故选A项。Ⅱ.七选五(2021·河南洛阳期中)Wereyoutogiveapresentationwithnofacialexpressionandnobodylanguage，whatdoyouthinkthereactionwouldbeofyouraudience？1youarenotsupposedtoexpectyourlistenerstoenjoyyourperformance.2Itisthatifyoutreatyouraudienceasifyouwerehavingaconversationwiththem，theirreactiontoyouwillbepositive.Asaconsequence，ifyousmile，theywillsmile.Itisagiven.3Theywillfeelmoreintunewiththosethatdirectlyreachouttothemandholdtheirhands；guidethem；sharetheirexperienceandinvolvementwithsomething，andmakethemfeelthatthey’retheonlypeoplethattheyaretalkingtoatthatgiventime.Howcanyoumakeyouraudienceagreewithyou？4Yourroleasaspeakeristocreatetrustandhonestynotjustwithyourwordsbutinhowyoudeliverthosewords.Itisimportanttorecognizethatwhenyouhaveawonderfulmessagetosharewithyouraudience，unlesstheybelieveinyou，thenyourwordsareuseless.Thedesireofyouraudiencetoagreewithyoucanonlyoccurwhentheybelieveinyou.Thisiswhathappenswhenyouareopeninguptoyouraudiencehonestly.Theyaregettingtoknowyouonacertainlevel.5Thepeoplewhowantyoutosolvetheirproblemsmustfirsttrustinyourabilityandcredibility.A．Ifyouarenotacomedian，B．Mostaudienceliketouchpoints.C．Howcanyoustartaconversation?D．Whatisamazingaboutgoodpublicspeaking?E．Eventhoughyoucanbesuccessfulasaspeaker，F．Whileyouaredoingso，youarebuildingtheirtrustinyou.G．Yourtoneofthepresentationsetsthestageforareactionofyouraudience.语篇解读 本文为说明文。文章讲述了面部表情和肢体语言在演讲时的重要作用以及演讲要注意的事项。
1．答案 A解析 根据上一句作者的设问结合该空后主句“youarenotsupposedtoexpectyourlistenerstoenjoyyourperformance”可知，此处为假设条件。A项引出下文，符合语境。故选A。2．答案 D解析 根据后一句“...ifyoutreatyouraudienceasifyouwerehavingaconversationwiththem，theirreactiontoyouwillbepositive.Asaconsequence，ifyousmile，theywillsmile.”可知，好的演讲会有良好的互动，根据“Itisthat...”可知，这句话回答了所设空的疑问。故选D。3．答案 B解析 根据后一句“Theywillfeelmoreintunewiththosethatdirectlyreachouttothemandholdtheirhands”可知，他们会觉得和那些直接向他们伸出手并握住他们手的人更合拍。由此可知，观众喜欢接触。故选B。4．答案 G解析 根据段首句“Howcanyoumakeyouraudienceagreewithyou？”和空后的“Yourroleasaspeakeristocreatetrustandhonestynotjustwithyourwordsbutinhowyoudeliverthosewords.”可知，如何表达你的观点是至关重要的，即你的演讲语调为听众的反应奠定了基础。故选G。5．答案 F解析 根据上一段最后一句“Thedesireofyouraudiencetoagreewithyoucanonlyoccurwhentheybelieveinyou.”和本段第一句“Thisiswhathappenswhenyouareopeninguptoyouraudiencehonestly.”可知，当你真诚地向你的观众开诚布公他们才会相信你，才会想要同意你的观点，从而建立他们对你的信任。故选F。Ⅰ.高频词汇积累1．surprisinglyadv.惊人地；出人意料地2．featuren．特点；特色v．以……为特色3．accessn．(接近或使用的)机会；权利v．获取；访问4．equipv．配备；装备5．decreasev．&n．减少6．averageadj.平均的；普通的7．sourcen．来源8．emotionn．情感9．satisfactionn．满意10．benefitn．好处v．对……有好处；得益
Ⅱ.长难句分析Andtheyfoundworldwide，oldertreesaredyingatahigherratethaninthepast，duetoreasonslikerisingairtemperature，wildfires，droughtandpathogens.[句式分析] 本句为复合句。theyfoundworldwide为主句，oldertreesaredyingatahigherratethaninthepast为宾语从句，dueto...为原因状语。[自主翻译] 他们发现在世界范围内，由于上升的气温、野火、干旱以及病菌，较老的树和过去相比，正以更快的速度死亡。[仿写运用] 他们发现，由于全球变暖、人类的损害和栖息地的减少，野生动物正以比过去更高的速度灭绝。Theyfoundwildanimalsaredyingoutatahigherspeedthaninthepast，duetoreasonslikeglobalwarming，human’sdamageandlossofhabitats.
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