基础巩固Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Theamountofwaterwhichissuitabletodrink(drink)islessandlessnow.2．Nowmoreandmorepeoplepaymoreattentiontohowtosave(save)water.3．Withthedevelopmentofscienceandtechnology，itbecomesmoreimportanttoprotect(protect)ourenvironment.4．InChinaalotofriversandlakesareseriously(serious)pollutedbysomefactories.5．Somewastewaterhasbeenpouredintoriversandlakes，killing(kill)alargenumberoffish.6．Ifeveryonemakesacontributiontoprotectingtheenvironment，theworldwillbecome(become)muchmorebeautiful.7．Howtoprotectourenvironmenthasbeenoneofthemostdifficultproblems(problem)intheworld.8．Weshouldplantmoreandmoretreesinordertolivebetterandmorehealthily(healthily)inthefuture.9．Itishightimethatthegovernmentshouldtake/took(take)somemeasurestoreducepollution.10．Onthewholethewarmingoftheearthisaphenomenonthatcausesgreatconcern.Ⅱ.单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误)11．Thegovernmentshouldtakeactiontostopthesefactoriesharmfulgases.12．Ifwedon’tsavewater，lastdropofwaterwillbeateardropofus.13．Withouttheshadefromthetrees，theearthwouldgettoohottolive.14．Eachofusshouldtryourbesttoprotecttheearthitisourhome.15．Thegrowingspeedofaplantisinfluencedbyanumberoffactors，mostof或arebeyondourcontrol.16．Nowadaysmanyfactoriesproducelargeamountsofchemicalsarepoisonoustohumanbeings.能力提升Ⅲ.阅读理解
AThisisthecolourfulwastecreatedbyaSwedishcitywithauniquerecyclingsystem.LikemanycitiesinSweden，Eskilstunahasanimpressiverecyclingrecord.ItmettheEU2020targetofrecycling50%ofwastemanyyearsago.Butalmosteveryonewholivesherefollowsastrictrecyclingpolicyathome.Peopleareexpectedtosorttheirhouseholdwasteintosevenseparatecategories，includingfood，textiles，cartons(纸板箱)andmetal.Butwhatreallymakesthesystemstandoutisthebrightcolourcode.Thereasonforthisbecomesclearatthecity’srecyclingplant.Thebagsarrivealljumbledupbecausethey’recollectedaltogetherinarush，onceafortnightfromoutsidepeople’shouses.Butthankstothosebrightcolours，scannerscanselectthebagsandseparatethemefficiently.Thefoodwasteingreenbagsisprocessedonsiteintoacertainthickliquidtomakeburnablegas，whichpowersthecity’sbuses.Oneofthebenefitsofthismethodofrecyclingisthatthereislesscrosspollution，somoreoftherecycledwastecanactuallybeusedtomakenewthings.LiketherestofSweden，Eskilstunaiscommittedtosendingzerowastefromitscitizenstolandfill.Wastethatcannotberecycledisburntatalocalplanttogenerateelectricity.Thisreducesrelianceonfossilfuels，butdoescreategreenhousegases.Ascountriesaroundtheworldtrytoimprovetheirrecyclingrates，somemaylooktoEskilstunaasanexampletofollowaslongastheythinktheycanpersuadetheircitizenstogetbusysortingathome.语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了瑞典城市埃斯基尔斯蒂纳在垃圾回收时将不同类别的垃圾用不同颜色的垃圾袋收纳的独特之举，同时分析了此种举措存在的优势。1．WhatcanwelearnaboutEskilstuna?A．Itisfloodedwithcolourfulwaste.B．Itisbestknownforwasterecycling.C．Wastethereispaintedintosevencolours.D．Rubbishrecyclingishandledseriouslythere.答案 D解析 细节理解题。由第一段第四句“Butalmosteveryonewholivesherefollowsastrictrecyclingpolicyathome.”可知，几乎所有住在这里的人们都会在家遵守严格的回收政策。由此可见，在埃斯基尔斯蒂纳垃圾回收被人们严格地执行。结合选项可知，D正确。2．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“jumbled”inParagraph2mean?A．Mixedtogether.B．Collectedorderly.C．Sealedcautiously.D．Piledpurposefully.答案 A
解析 词义猜测题。由第二段画线词后的“becausethey’recollectedaltogetherinarush，onceafortnightfromoutsidepeople’shouses”可知，因为它们是两周一次从人们房子外面匆忙地全部收集起来的。由此可知，到达回收厂时是混合在一起的。jumble应该表达的是“混合在一起”。选项A正确。3．Whatmaythenewrecyclingsystembringabout?A．Theincreaseintheefficiencyofwasterecycling.B．Theconveniencetothecitizensinwastedropping.C．Theavoidanceofrubbishrelatedenvironmentalproblems.D．Thedecreaseofprofitforwasteplants.答案 A解析 推理判断题。由第二段第三句和第五句可知，新的回收系统使垃圾回收率得到提高，选项A正确。4．Whereisthistextmostlikelyfrom?A．Parents.B．Instyle.C．Fortune.D．TheNewYorkTimes.答案 D解析 文章出处题。整篇文章都是在讲述新的垃圾回收系统出色的原因和优势，是关于环保类的话题。结合选项可知，选项TheNewYorkTimes《纽约时报》属于报纸类，话题可以涵盖环保。故选项D正确。BCaliforniahaslosthalfitsbigtreessincethe1930s，accordingtoastudytobepublishedTuesday，andclimatechangeseemstobeamajorfactor(因素)．Thenumberoftreeslargerthantwofeetacrosshasdeclinedby50percentonmorethan46,000squaremilesofCaliforniaforests，thenewstudyfinds.Noareawassparedorunaffected，fromthefoggynortherncoasttotheSierraNevadaMountainstotheSanGabrielsaboveLosAngeles.IntheSierrahighcountry，thenumberofbigtreeshasfallenbymorethan55percent；inpartsofsouthernCaliforniathedeclinewasnearly75percent.Manyfactorscontributedtothedecline，saidPatrickMcIntyre，anecologistwhowastheleadauthorofthestudy.Woodcutterstargetedbigtrees.Housingdevelopmentpushedintothewoods.AggressivewildfirecontrolhasleftCaliforniaforestscrowdedwithsmalltreesthatcompetewithbigtreesforresources.ButincomparingastudyofCaliforniaforestsdoneinthe1920sand1930swithanotheronebetween2001and2010，McIntyreandhiscolleaguesdocumentedawidespreaddeathofbigtrees
thatwasevidenteveninwildlandsprotectedfromwoodcuttingordevelopment.Thelossofbigtreeswasgreatestinareaswheretreeshadsufferedthegreatestwatershortage.Theresearchersfiguredoutwaterstresswithacomputermodelthatcalculatedhowmuchwatertreesweregettingincomparisonwithhowmuchtheyneeded，takingintoaccountsuchthingsasrainfall，airtemperature，dampnessofsoil，andthetimingofsnowmelt(融雪)．Sincethe1930s，McIntyresaid，thebiggestfactorsdrivingupwaterstressinthestatehavebeenrisingtemperatures，whichcausetreestolosemorewatertotheair，andearliersnowmelt，whichreducesthewatersupplyavailabletotreesduringthedryseason.语篇解读 文章主要讲述了美国加利福尼亚州的森林中大树急剧减少的现象，并分析了其原因。5．Whatisthesecondparagraphmainlyabout?A．TheseriousnessofbigtreelossinCalifornia.B．TheincreasingvarietyofCaliforniabigtrees.C．ThedistributionofbigtreesinCaliforniaforests.D．TheinfluenceoffarmingonbigtreesinCalifornia.答案 A解析 段落大意题。根据第二段中“Thenumberoftrees...declinedby50percent...morethan55percent...75percent”提到的数字可知，该段主要描述了加州森林中大树急剧减少的严重性，故选A项。6．Whichofthefollowingiswellintentionedbutmaybebadforbigtrees?A．Ecologicalstudiesofforests.B．Banningwoodcutting.C．Limitinghousingdevelopment.D．Firecontrolmeasures.答案 D解析 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Aggressivewildfirecontrol...competewithbigtreesforresources.”可知，声势浩大的森林防火措施虽然一定程度上保护了森林，但同时也导致小树泛滥，与大树争抢资源，从而导致大树数量减少，故选D项。7．WhatisamajorcauseofthewatershortageaccordingtoMcIntyre?A．Inadequatesnowmelt.B．Alongerdryseason.C．Awarmerclimate.D．Dampnessoftheair.答案 C解析 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Sincethe1930s，McIntyresaid...havebeenrisingtemperatures...reducesthewatersupply”可知，McIntyre
认为水资源短缺的主要原因是逐渐上升的气温，故选C项。8．Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A．California’sForests：WhereHaveAlltheBigTreesGone?B．CuttingofBigTreestoBeProhibitedinCaliforniaSoonC．WhyAretheBigTreesImportanttoCaliforniaForests?D．PatrickMcIntyre：GrowMoreBigTreesinCalifornia答案 A解析 标题归纳题。根据全文可知，文章主要讲述了美国加州森林中大树数量急剧下降的现象，并分析了其原因。因此A项能很好地概括全文。Ⅳ.短文改错Tenyearsago，Ihadanideaofextracting(提炼)preciouslymetalsfromusedbatteries.Iwaseagerforthesupportofmyfather.Afewyearslate，myfatheragreedwithme.Hedecidedoffermesomefundstosetupthecompany.Inordertorunthecompanywell，IgotontheflighttoSwitzerland，onwhereIstudiedadvancedproductiontechnologyandmanagementstylesforthreemonth.Inmyview，thatwasentirelylikelyforthecompanytoachieveanannualprofitapproaching$3million.Withmyhardwork，Idoachievemyaim.WhenaskingwhyIhadchosentheproject，Isaid，“Recyclingusedbatteriescansaveresources，protecttheenvironmentorbenefitfuturegenerations.”答案Tenyearsago，Ihadanideaofextracting(提炼)metalsfromusedbatteries.Iwaseagerforthesupportofmyfather.Afewyears，myfatheragreedwithme.Hedecidedoffermesomefundstosetupcompany.Inordertorunthecompanywell，IgotontheflighttoSwitzerland，onwhereIstudiedadvancedproductiontechnologyandmanagementstylesforthree.Inmyview，wasentirelylikelyforthecompanytoachieveanannualprofitapproaching$3million.Withmyhardwork，Iachievemyaim.WhenwhyIhadchosentheproject，Isaid，“Recyclingusedbatteriescansaveresources，protecttheenvironmentbenefitfuturegenerations.”Ⅴ.书面表达低碳日益成为人们关注的热点，越来越多的人开始关注低碳生活。目前，
一些学校内部浪费现象严重。为此，你班要组织一次“杜绝浪费，提倡节约”的主题班会，请根据以下提示写一份英语演讲稿。1．浪费现象：水电、食物、纸张、书本2．危害：浪费资源、金钱；养成坏习惯3．呼吁……注意：1．词数100左右；2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。参考范文Boysandgirls，It’sagreathonorformetostandhereandgivemyspeech.Thetopicofmyspeechisaboutsaving.Nowadays，someofusstudentshaveformedsomebadhabits.Theyhavelightsonduringthedaytime，orleavewaterrunningafteruse.Besides，leftovers，wastepaperandspoiledbookscanbeseeneverywhere.Asweallknow，thesebadhabitshaveabadinfluenceonourcharacterandbehavior.WhatIwanttostressisthatweshouldsaveeverything.Weshouldtryeverypossiblemeanstochangethepresentsituation.That’sall.Thankyou.Ⅰ.话题词汇总结1．wastev．&n．浪费，滥用2．recyclev．回收利用，重新使用3．rubbishn．垃圾，废物4．fueln．燃料5．climaten．气候6．declinev．减少；衰落；下降7．foggyadj.有雾的8．commitv．承诺，保证9．resourcen．资源10．factorn．因素联想 常用的和环境有关的词汇还有：1．environmentn．环境2．rebuildvt.重建
3．emissionn．发出；排放4．plantvt.种植n．植被5．lifestylen．生活方式6．littervt.乱扔7．severeadj.严重的8．extinctionn．灭绝9．dutyn．责任，义务10．livealowcarbonlife过低碳生活话题微写作——根据所给的汉语及以上词汇，完成下面的小短文。是我们每个人都应该采取行动，重建我们绿色和清洁的环境的时候了。首先，在我看来，政府应该执行严格的法律法规来控制污染气体的排放。其次，种植更多的树木也是可取的。最后但并非最不重要的是，我们所有人应该选择一种绿色的生活方式为更好的环境做出贡献。Itisreallyhightimeforeveryoneofustotakeactionandrebuildourgreenandcleanenvironment.Firstofall，inmyopinion，strictlawsandregulationsshouldbeenforcedbythegovernmenttocontroltheemissionofpollutinggas.Second，itisalsoadvisabletoplantmoretrees.Lastbutnotleast，allofusshouldchooseagreenlifestyletocontributetoabetterenvironment.Ⅱ.长难句分析Sincethe1930s，McIntyresaid，thebiggestfactorsdrivingupwaterstressinthestatehavebeenrisingtemperatures，whichcausetreestolosemorewatertotheair，andearliersnowmelt，whichreducesthewatersupplyavailabletotreesduringthedryseason.[句式分析] 这是一个复合句。McIntyresaid是插入语；whichcausetreestolosemorewatertotheair是非限制性定语从句，修饰risingtemperatures，whichreducesthewatersupplyavailabletotreesduringthedryseason也是非限制性定语从句，修饰earliersnowmelt。[自主翻译] McIntyre说，自20世纪30年代以来导致该州水资源紧张的最大因素是气温升高以及过早的融雪，气温升高会导致树木被空气夺去更多的水，过早融雪减少了旱季树木可获得的供水量。[仿写运用] 汤姆上学迟到，这使他的老师非常生气，而且撒谎，这使他受到了严厉的惩罚。Tomwaslateforschool，whichmadehisteacherveryangry，andlied，whichmadehimseverelypunished.
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