基础巩固Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Jeremyisanabsentmindedyoungmanandalwaysabsentfromschool.2．Hecouldn’tdecidewhatjobtochoose(choose)．Manydifferentwalksoflifeappealedtohim.3．Moveslowly(slow)，thenbesuretokeepyourbalanceanddon’tletyourbodyshake.4．Whenthewholeclassburstintolaughter(laugh)mydeskmate’sfaceturnedred.5．LittleTomiscuriousaboutanythingnewtohim.Nowheisobserving(observe)asnakewithacuriousexpression.6．HeworesuchaseriousexpressionthatIfeltfrightened.7．Sheisconsideredacreative(create)scientistandpeoplehavecometoloveher.8．Mostpeoplethinkhighlyofhim，butpersonally(person)，Ithinkheisactuallydishonest.9．Themiddleagedmanhadtodoanextrajobafterwork，forhehadabigfamilytosupport(support)．10．Thewomansitsthere，reflecting(reflect)onhowmuchhaschangedsincesheboughtthisfarm.Ⅱ.单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误)11．Jimpaysmuchattentionhisappearance，andhisshoesareoftenshinedtoperfection.12．Thereportshowsthatmanypeopleexperiencedifficultyofftheirdebts.13.impressusmostareyourartskills，inwhichyoushowedoutstandingtalent.14．Robertlefthishometownasapoorboyandreturnedasanwealthyman.15．Althoughheisconsideredagreatwriter，buthisworksarenotwidelyread.16．HerdaughterMaryisanactivegirlhersonTomisamanoffewwords.能力提升Ⅲ.阅读理解A(2021·山东高三质检)Parentsaroundtheworldoftenurgechildrenoverandover—washyourhands!Itcanbe
difficult，however，togetchildrentoremembertowash.Butwhatifwashinghandswasconnectedtoafuncreativeactivity?Whatifinsteadofsimplyreachingforthesoap，amachinecoulddropitrightintoyourhands?Well，suchamachinewasrecentlybuiltbyaboyandhissisterintheU．S.stateofMarylandaspartofacreativecompetition.ThenotforprofitRubeGoldbergOrganizationisholdingthecompetition.Everyyear，theRubeGoldbergcompetitionassignsaspecifictask，consideringinventionsthatusecomplexsystemstocarryoutasimpleeverydaytask.Atfirst，thetaskfor2020wassupposedtobe“turnonalight”．ButwhentheCOVID19happened，thetaskwaschangedto“dropabarofsoapintosomeone’shand”．Thosetakingpartinthecompetitionareschoolchildren.Butwithschoolsclosedtoslowthespreadofthevirus，organizerschangedtherules.Thisyear，theteamcanincludeanyfamilymembersandpeoplewereaskedtosendinrecordingsofthemachinestocompete.Onethinghasnotchanged：Themachinemustcompletethetaskinlessthan10steps.InMaryland，theDielfamilywantedtoenter.So，CaitlinandherbrotherBendesignedandbuilttheirownRubeGoldbergmachine.Next，theyhadtodemonstratethatitcouldcompletethetask—throwingthesoapjustrighttobecaughtinsomeone’shand.After106failedattempts，theyfinallyhadsuccess.Withtheirvideodemonstration，theycannowenterthecompetition.DrAnneGlowinskiteacheschildpsychiatry(精神病学)atWashingtonUniversitySchoolofMedicineinSt.Louis.Shesaidthat“creativityandplay”connectswithchildren.Itisbetterthanthemessage，“Wehavetowashourhandsbecauseofthishorriblevirus，”Glowinskiadded.语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了美国马里兰州的一个男孩和他的妹妹参加了一个由非营利性组织RubeGoldberg举办的比赛，制造了这样一台机器，它能够把一块肥皂丢到某人手上，解决了孩子们洗手难的问题。1．WhatmightbeataskofinventionsassignedbytheRubeGoldbergcompetition?A．Sweepingthefloor.B．Exploringnature.C．Writinganovel.D．Paintingthehouse.答案 A解析 推理判断题。根据文章第三段第一句可推知，A项：sweepingthefloor(扫地)属于简单的日常任务。故选A。2．Whatchangehasbeenmadetotherulesofthecompetitionthisyear?A．Allkindsofinventionsareadmitted.B．Avideooftheentryisqualifiedtoenter.C．Teachersareencouragedtogetinvolved.
D．Thetaskmustbefinishedwithin10steps.答案 B解析 细节理解题。根据文章第四段第二、三句和第五段最后一句可知选B。3．WhatdoesGlowinskithinkoftheinvention?A．Practical.B．Unnecessary.C．Economical.D．Complicated.答案 A解析 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中的“Shesaidthat‘creativityandplay’connectswithchildren...‘Wehavetowashourhandsbecauseofthishorriblevirus，’Glowinskiadded.”可推知，Glowinski认为这个发明很实用。故选A。4．What’sthepurposeofthetext?A．Toadvocatethehabitofwashinghands.B．Tocallonschoolchildrentocompeteinacontest.C．Toencouragemoreinventionsfromeverydayitems.D．Tointroduceacontestmakinghandwashingfunforkids.答案 D解析 写作意图题。通读全文尤其根据文章第一段中的“Butwhatifwashinghandswasconnectedtoafuncreativeactivity?Whatifinsteadofsimplyreachingforthesoap，amachinecoulddropitrightintoyourhands？”可知，作者的写作意图是“介绍一项让孩子觉得洗手有乐趣的比赛”。故选D。BOneofthemorememorableteachersIhadinhighschoolwasnotateacherbytrade.Hewasanemployeeofalocalnuclearpowerplantwho’dbeencalledtofillinwhen，atthestartofmysenioryear，ourphysicsteacherabruptlyquit.TheguylookedlikeNedFlanders(afictionalcharacterinthetelevisionseriesTheSimpsons)，whichwasfunnybecausewhenweheardwe’dhaveasubstitute，myfriendBenrandomlycommented，“Watch，he’sgoingtolookjustlikeNedFlanders.”Thatwasamemorablething.Physicswasnotforme.Itwasafairlychallengingsubject—Iwasalreadyshakyinmathematicalconfidence—andthelecturesmadeitmoreso.Ireallytried.ButIjustdidnotgetit.Iwasn’tevensurewhatexactlywewerestudying.Itjustseemedhard.I’msureNuclearNedFlanders，ashebecameknown，wasgreatatrunningpowerplants，but，objectivelyspeaking，hewasnotaverygoodteacher.Ieventuallydroppedtheclass，andthenavoidedthesciencesforallofcollege.Butthefunnythingis，I’mactuallythankfulthingsturnedoutthisway.ItmeansthatasIstepstealthilyintomidlife，thereisawholeworldoftrulyinterestingstudyI’mjust
discovering.Physics，itturnsout，includesthestudyofthingslikespace，time，andhowtheentireuniverseworks.Itsimplydoesnotgetawholelotmoreinterestingthanthat!AndIappreciatewrestlingwithbig，abstractideasnow.IfIconsideredmyselfschooled，I’mnotsureIwouldhavefeltlikeIhadtoreturntothoseconceptsatthispoint.I’msogladIhave.Thepointofmystoryisobvious：thateverysinglepersonwhostandsatthefrontofaclassroommatters.语篇解读 本文是记叙文。作者在文中介绍了自己高中时的一位物理老师。他认为每一位站在讲台上的人都会对我们产生巨大的影响。5．Whydidtheauthorhaveadeepfirstimpressionofthesubstituteteacher?A．Hewasanuclearexpert.B．HebehavedlikeNedFlanders.C．Acoincidencehappenedaroundhisarrival.D．TherewasasimilaritybetweenhimandBen.答案 C解析 推理判断题。根据第一段可知，作者的同学本事先随口说了句：“新来的老师将会长得和《辛普森一家》中的奈德·弗兰德斯一样”。新老师的到来验证了他的“预言”，因此这位老师给作者留下的第一印象非常深刻。6．Whatcanwelearnabouttheauthor’sacademicperformanceathighschool?A．Hequitmathsfinally.B．Hestruggledwithphysics.C．Hewasahopelessstudent.D．Hepreferredphysicstomaths.答案 B解析 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“afairlychallengingsubject”和“Ijustdidnotgetit.Iwasn’tevensurewhatexactlywewerestudying.Itjustseemedhard.”可知，高中物理对作者来说如同天书。7．Whathappenedwhentheauthorreachedmiddleage?A．Hebecameascientist.B．Hefellinlovewithphysics.C．HeforgaveNuclearNedFlanders.D．Hebegantohomeschoolhimself.答案 B解析 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“Itsimplydoesnotgetawholelotmoreinteresting
thanthat!AndIappreciatewrestlingwithbig，abstractideasnow.”可知，作者步入中年后，忽然对物理产生了浓厚的兴趣。8．Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A．ThingsThatMatterB．MyFavoriteTeacherC．TheManWhoRaisedMeUpD．AMemorablePhysicsLesson答案 A解析 标题归纳题。作者在最后一段升华了文章的主题，他认为每一位站在讲台上的人都会对我们产生巨大的影响。故A项作本文标题最佳。Ⅳ.七选五DevelopingInterpersonalRelationshipsOneofthebiggestkeystohappinessishavingstronginterpersonalrelationships.Ibelievethatrelationshipsarekeytoleadingafulfillingandcontentedlife.Likeanythingworthhavinginlife，theytakesomeworktodevelopandmaintain.Inthespiritofclarity，it’sagoodideatotakeaquicklookatthedefinitionofinterpersonalrelationships.1Thiscanextendfromfamilytofriends，toworkassociates，toneighbors，orclubsandonandon.Itcanbearelationshipinanycontextorsituation.Forinstance，I’vehadstrongshortlivedrelationshipswithpeopleI’veworkedwithonaprojectaswellasonefor50yearswithmybrother.MytwobestfriendsandIliveindifferentcitiesbut，wegettogetherseveraltimesayearandhaveagreattime.IhaveamentorIworkedwithoveradecadeago，andIstillstayintouchwithhimbecausewegetalongsowell.2Wewillbrieflytouchondevelopinginterpersonalrelationships.Bestwaytoapproachitistobeagoodpartnerorfriendasthesituationdesires.3Doyourpartandhelpothersasneeded.Beacontributorwhoisalsowillingtohelpoutwhenneeded.Asafriend，yousimplyfollowtheageoldpieceofadvice“tohaveafriend，youmustfirstbeafriend”．4Thatwanttohelpattitudewillputyouwithlikemindedindividualswhoyou’llprobablyhititoffwith.Themainthingtorememberisthatgreatinterpersonalrelationshipscangetformedanysituationwhereyouinteractwithotherpeople.5A．That’showinterpersonalrelationshipaffectsyou.B．Interpersonalrelationshipsservetoeasepeople’sanxiety.C．Forinstance，ensureyouareagoodpersontoworkwith.D．Alloftheseareexamplesofstronginterpersonalrelationships.E．Putsomeeffortintoitandyou’dbeamazedathowthatpaysoff.F．Aninterpersonalrelationshipisastrongassociationbetweenpeople.
G．Ifyou’reonateam，itshouldbesomethingyou’dliketohelpoutwith.1．答案 F解析 根据设空处前一句以及后一句可知，设空处讲的应是人际关系的定义，后一句又对人际关系进行进一步的延伸。故选项F符合语境。2．答案 D解析 上文列举的都是好的人际关系的例子。由此可知，设空处在本段最后进行总结。故答案为D项。3．答案 C解析 根据设空处前一句“Bestwaytoapproachitistobeagoodpartnerorfriendasthesituationdesires.”可知，设空处承接上一句成为一个好的合作伙伴，以及后一句好的合作伙伴应该帮助别人。故答案为C项。4．答案 G解析 由设空处后一句“Thatwanttohelpattitudewillputyouwithlikemindedindividualswhoyou’llprobablyhititoffwith.”可知，本段主要讲的是帮助别人。故答案为G项。5．答案 E解析 根据设空处前一句“Themainthingtorememberisthatgreatinterpersonalrelationshipscangetformedanylaceorsituationwhereyouinteractwithotherpeople.”可知，空处是对上文的补充说明。故答案为E项。Ⅰ.话题词汇总结1．creativeadj.有创造性的2．competitionn．竞争；比赛3．completev．完成；结束adj.完全的4．memorableadj.值得纪念的；难忘的5．challengingadj.有挑战性的6．confidencen．信心7．matterv．要紧；有重大影响n．事情，问题8．interpersonaladj.人际的9．relationshipn．关系10．attituden．态度联想 常用的和个人情况有关的词汇还有：1．untidyadj.不整洁的
2．potentialn．潜力；潜能adj.有潜力的3．convincev．使确信4．featuren．特色vt.以……为特征5．positiveadj.积极的6．effortn．努力7．diligentadj.勤奋的8．accomplishmentn．成就9．patientadj.耐心的10．anxiousadj.忧虑的；担忧的话题微写作——根据所给的汉语及以上词汇，完成下面的小短文。作为一个高中生，我对我的未来充满信心。这是因为我不仅勤奋有耐心而且我总能为我想做的任何事情付出努力。所以我相信在不久的将来我会有很大的成就。Asaseniorhighschoolstudent，Ihaveconfidenceinmyfuture.ThisisbecauseIamnotonlypatientanddiligentbutalsoIalwaysmakeeffortstodoanythingIdesire.Therefore，IamconvincedthatIwillachievegreataccomplishmentsinthenearfuture.Ⅱ.长难句分析Everyyear，theRubeGoldbergcompetitionassignsaspecifictask，consideringinventionsthatusecomplexsystemstocarryoutasimpleeverydaytask.[句式分析] 本句为复合句。theRubeGoldbergcompetitionassignsaspecifictask为主句，considering...为现在分词短语作状语，其中that引导定语从句，先行词为inventions。[自主翻译] 每年，鲁布·戈德堡竞赛都会分配一个特定的任务，考虑使用复杂系统来完成简单日常任务的发明。[仿写运用] 我们学校每年都举办一次环境展览，考虑到它可以激起学生的环保意识的作用。Everyyear，ourschoolholdsanexhibitiononenvironment，consideringitsfunctionthat/whichcanarousestudents’awarenessofenvironmentalprotection.
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