基础巩固Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Hearingthedisappointing(disappoint)news，theyounggirlwastoosadtocontainherself.2．Judging(judge)fromthelookonherface，thenewsmusthavebeenveryterrible.3．Thegoalofthiscampaignistoappealtothepublictohelp(help)poorkids.4．Youcan’timaginethetroubleIhadpersuading(persuade)hertochangehermind.5．Whenyougetthere，you’llbeabletochoosearoombased(base)onyourownpersonaltastes.6．Whentheguestsleft，theymadeacomplaint(complain)thatthefishwastoosalty.7．Itisnothowmuchyouhavebuthowmuchyouenjoythatmakeshappiness.8．Ireallyappreciatehaving(have)timetorelaxwithmydaughteronthisniceisland.9．Eachpersonmaybelievethatheiscorrectandthattheotherperson’sviewiswrong.10．Feelingfrustrated(frustrate)，heabandonedhimselftosadmusic.Ⅱ.单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误)11．Torelieveourselvesthephysicalandmentaltensions，weeachneeddeepthoughtandinnerquietness.12．Atfirsttheywereopposedtoouttheplan，butwemanagedtoarguethemround.13．Sheisveryconfidentanddoesn’tcareothersthinkabout.14．Nexttimeyoufeelangryorfrustrated，stopyou’redoingandtakeadeepbreath.15．ItakeitforgrantedtheyoungmanisanativeItalianbecausehespeaksItaliansowell.16．Tobehonest，Ihavebeentryingtoconvincehertothedoctor.能力提升Ⅲ.阅读理解AAnyonewhoknewJackknewhimwell，hewasthefirsttohideunderthebedcoverseverytimetheskygrewgreyandthunderwasheardinthedistance.Hewasingreatfearof
storms.However，thatdaychangeditall.Withdarkcloudsinthemorning，Jackwasinthecarwithhissister，Emily，whowasdrivingthemhome.Jackwasholdingthesidesofhisseattightly.Asaresult，hisknuckles(指关节)turnedwhite.Suddenly，thetreacherousroadconditionssentthecarintoaslide.Thevehiclewentoffthewetandslipperyroad，rolledseveraltimesandfinallyrestedupsidedown.Fortunately，bothofthemwerewearingseatbelts.Headbleedingheavily，Emilywasconsciousbutunabletomove.ThankfullyJackwasunhurt.Waterpouredthroughthebrokenwindowsofthecar.Suddenly，Jackrecalledsomething.Hequicklyunfastenedtheseatbeltandmovedoutofthepassengerwindow.Withrainbeatingagainsthisfaceandarms，Jackmadehiswaytothedriver’ssidewithgreatdifficulty.Hemanagedtopullherthroughthewindow.Suddenly，hefeltastrongpainonhisarms.ItwasonlylaterthatJackrealizedthebrokenpiecesofthewindowhadcutthemwhilehewaspullinghissisterthroughthewindow.FinallyJackdraggedEmilyuptotheroad.Theyweresoonrescued.Emilylaterrecalledherterrifyingexperienceandwastrulyamazedbyhiscourage.Jack’sactofcouragewasmotivatedbyhisfavouritebook：TheLittleEngineThatCould.Initwheneveryonehadgivenuphope，theLittleEnginecarriedtheheavytoysandcandiesoverthehilltothechildrenwaitingontheotherside.TheLittleEnginehadshowncourageandtakenaction.Obviously，wecannotattributeJack’sbraverytothatonestorybutwithoutdoubt，thebookhadleftadeepimpressiononhimandinspiredhimtorespondpositivelyinadifficultsituation.语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。认识杰克的人都知道他非常害怕暴风雨。但是在一次大雨中，他勇敢地救出了妹妹艾米莉。1．WhatmadeitdifficultforJacktogoovertothedriver’sside?A．Hisfear.B．Theheavyrain.C．Hisinjuries.D．Thebadroadcondition.答案 B解析 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Withrainbeatingagainsthisfaceandarms，Jackmadehiswaytothedriver’ssidewithgreatdifficulty.”可知，因为雨很大，杰克走到驾驶座那边就很困难。故选B项。2．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“treacherous”inParagraph2probablymean?A．Dangerous.B．Strange.C．Special.D．Fantastic.答案 A
解析 词义猜测题。根据第二段中画线词所在的句子“...roadconditionssentthecarintoaslide.Thevehiclewentoffthewetandslipperyroad”可知，路况不好，路面又湿又滑，这样汽车就打滑。因此可以猜测“treacherous”意思为“危险的”。故选A项。3．HowdidEmilyfeelaboutJack’schange?A．Annoyed.B．Embarrassed.C．Surprised.D．Puzzled.答案 C解析 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Emilylaterrecalledherterrifyingexperienceandwastrulyamazedbyhiscourage.”可知，艾米莉真的被杰克的勇气惊呆了。surprised与amazed是同义词。故选C项。4．Whatcanweinferaboutthebookmentionedinthetext?A．Itwasonceabestseller.B．ItonceinspiredEmily.C．Itwasintendedforkids.D．Itwasahorrorstory.答案 C解析 推理判断题。根据第四段中关于杰克最喜欢的书TheLittleEngineThatCould的介绍“Init，wheneveryonehadgivenuphope，theLittleEnginecarriedtheheavytoysandcandiesoverthehilltothechildrenwaitingontheotherside.”，通过其中的“theheavytoys，candies，thechildren”等词可以看出，这本书是写给孩子看的。故选C项。BTheterm“quietstress”isgatheringpaceamongexperts，whosayit’sanoftenoverlookedformofthemorewidelyknownversion，whichischaracterisedbyvisibleoutbursts：losingtempers，swearing，shouting，andanger.Wequietlyholdourstresswithin：wedon’tspeakupabouthowwefeel.Andveryimportantly，webecomeinactive.Westayinunhappyrelationshipsandunfulfillingjobs.Wefeeloverwhelmed(被压倒的)，yetignoreimportantadministrationtasks.Quietstresscreatesaformofemotionalparalysis(麻痹)thatkeepsus“stuck”inunhappysituations，saysJillianLavender，whorunstheLondonMeditationCentre.CaryCooper，aprofessorofpsychologyandhealthattheUniversityofManchester，likenstheeffectsofquietstresstoshrapnel(榴弹)：“Youcanlearntoquietenyourstressresponses，buteventuallythestresswillemerge：aswellasasuppressedimmunesystem，youmaywithdrawsocially，isolateyourselfandbegintoengageinunhealthyhabitslikecomforteatingordrinkingtoomuch.Despitegettingabadrapovertheyears，expressingangerorfrustrationisfarhealthierthan
smilingsweetlywhilefeelingquietlystressed.”ArecentstudyfromStanfordUniversityintheUSbacksthistheoryup.Theresearchersfoundthatseeingstressasahelpfulpartofdealingwithlife’schallenges，ratherthanassomethingtobeavoided，wasassociatedwithbetterhealth，emotionalwellbeingandproductivityatwork.“Stressisn’talwaysharmful，”saidKellyMcGonigal，abusinessschoollectureratStanfordwhoworkedonthestudy.“Onceyouappreciatethatgoingthroughstressmakesyoubetteratit，itcanbeeasiertofaceeachnewchallenge.”语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了安静的压力的表现和危害，同时也指出有压力不代表就是坏事，如果你能够克服压力使自己变得更好，那么你就会更从容地面对挑战。5．Whichbehaviorbelongsto“quietstress”?A．Reactingslowly.B．Speakingup.C．Smilingsweetly.D．Scoldingothers.答案 A解析 细节理解题。根据第二段内容尤其是第一、二句可知，处于“安静的压力”下的人会不愿意说出自己的感受，变得不活跃，即反应慢。故选A。6．WhatisthebestwaytorelievefromquietstressaccordingtoCaryCooper?A．Developingagoodhabit.B．Eatingmuchjunkfood.C．Finishingtasksontime.D．Makingyourfeelingsknown.答案 D解析 推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句中的“expressingangerorfrustrationisfarhealthierthansmilingsweetlywhilefeelingquietlystressed”可知，当你感受到安静的压力时，表达愤怒或沮丧远比面带微笑要健康得多。由此可推知，表达自己真实的感受才能帮助我们从安静的压力中解脱出来。故选D。7．AccordingtoParagraph4，stressis.A．somethingbeneficialsometimesB．somethingharmfultohealthC．somethingtobekeptD．somethingaffectingwork答案 A解析
推理判断题。根据第四段第二句可知，有压力不总是坏事。研究发现，当把压力看作是应对生活的挑战的一个有益部分，而不是需要避免的事情时，你就会更健康、快乐和高效地工作。所以压力有时也是有益的。故选A。8．Whichofthefollowingstatementscandescribestressaccordingtothetext?A．Silenceisgold.B．Lifeisnoteasy.C．Onecoinhastwosides.D．Stressiseverywhere.答案 C解析 推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章阐述了压力的坏处，但同时指出如果能够把压力看作是应对生活挑战的一个有益部分时，那么压力就是一件好事。C项“任何事情都有正反两面”准确地对压力进行了描述。故选C。Ⅳ.完形填空Iusedtobeaveryselfcenteredperson，butinthepasttwoyearsIhavereallychanged.Ihavestartedtothinkaboutotherpeople1Ithinkaboutmyself.IamhappythatIambecominga2person.Ithinkmy3startedwhenIwasatPalomarCollege.Atfirst，Ijustwantedtogetmy4andbeleftalone.IthoughtIwassmarterthaneveryoneelse，soIhardlyever5toanyoneinmyclasses.Bytheendofmyfirstsemester(学年)，Iwasreally6.Itseemedasifeveryonebutmehadmadefriendsandwashavingfun.SoItrieda(n)7.Istartedaskingpeoplearoundmehowtheyweredoing，andiftheywerehavingtroubleI8tohelp.Thatwasreallyabig9forme.10theendoftheyear，Ihadmadeseveralnewfriends，andtwoofthemarestillmybestfriendstoday.Abiggercauseofmynew11，however，camewhenItookaparttimejobataVistaNursingHome.OneoldladytherewhohadAlzheimer’sdiseasebecamemy12.EverytimeIcameintoherroom，shewasso13becauseshethoughtIwasherdaughter.Herrealdaughternever14her，soItookherplace.Sheletme15thatmakingothersfeelgoodmademefeelgoodtoo.Whenshedied，Iwas16，butIwasverygratefultoher.IthinkIamamuch17persontodaythanIusedtobe，andIhopeIwillnot18theseexperiences.Theyhave19metocareaboutotherpeoplemorethanaboutmyself.I20whoIamtoday，andIcouldnotsaythatafewyearsago.语篇解读 这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者自己从一个自私的人变成现在能为他人着想的人的过程和感受。1．A.beforeB．sinceC．orD．unless答案 A
解析 before在……之前；since自从；or或者；unless除非。根据上一句作者说自己过去是一个以自我为中心的人但这两年真的改变了可知，作者现在会先考虑别人而不是自己。故选A。2．A.famousB．differentC．simpleD．skilled答案 B解析 famous著名的；different不同的；simple简单的；skilled熟练的。根据第一句作者说自己过去是一个以自我为中心的人但这两年真的改变了可知，作者此时不同了。故选B。3．A.educationB．careerC．changeD．tour答案 C解析 education教育；career事业；change改变；tour旅行。根据第一段第一句的“butinthepasttwoyearsIhavereallychanged”可知，此处作者想讲述改变。故选C。4．A.balanceB．homeworkC．interestD．degree答案 D解析 根据句意可知，此处是指一开始，作者只想获得学位和独处。balance平衡；homework家庭作业；interest兴趣；degree学位。故选D。5．A.reportedB．wroteC．liedD．talked答案 D解析 report报道；write写；lie说谎；talk讲话。根据下文“Itseemedasifeveryonebutmehadmadefriendsandwashavingfun.”可知，作者不与别人说话交流。故选D。6．A.lonelyB．carefulC．curiousD．guilty答案 A解析 lonely孤独的；careful细心的；curious好奇的；guilty内疚的。根据下文“Itseemedasifeveryonebutmehadmadefriendsandwashavingfun.”可知，作者是孤独的。故选A。7．A.argumentB．experimentC．gameD．defence答案 B解析 argument争辩；experiment实验，尝试；game游戏，比赛；defence防卫。上文提到作者不与人交流，没有朋友，感到很孤独，结合下文“Istartedaskingpeoplearoundmehowtheyweredoing，andiftheywerehavingtrouble...”可知，作者开始尝试去与别人交流。故选B。8．A.daredB．hesitated
C．offeredD．happened答案 C解析 dare敢；hesitate犹豫；offer主动提出；happen发生，碰巧。短语offertohelp(主动提供帮助)符合句意。故选C。9．A.dreamB．problemC．stepD．duty答案 C解析 句意为：这对我来说是前进的一大步。dream梦想；problem问题；step步伐；duty责任。故选C。10．A.InB．ByC．OnD．With答案 B解析 句意为：到年末，我交到了几个新朋友，其中两个至今还是我的好朋友。in在……里面；by到……为止；on在……之上；with有……。根据句意以及主句的过去完成时可知，此处表示“到年末为止”。故选B。11．A.hopeB．hobbyC．attitudeD．luck答案 C解析 hope希望；hobby兴趣；attitude态度；luck运气。作者在第二段讲述了大学期间对待他人态度的转变，即由以自我为中心转变为先为他人考虑，所以此时讲的是态度转变的另一成因。故选C。12．A.guideB．partnerC．friendD．guest答案 C解析 guide导师；partner伙伴；friend朋友；guest客人。根据下文作者与老人的相处可知，作者把老人当成朋友。故选C。13．A.happyB．politeC．strangeD．confident答案 A解析 happy开心的；polite礼貌的；strange奇怪的；confident自信的。这位老人误把作者当成女儿，所以心情应当是开心的。故选A。14．A.botheredB．visitedC．answeredD．trusted答案 B
解析 bother打扰；visit看望；answer回答；trust信任。根据“Itookherplace”可知，老人的女儿从不来看望她。故选B。15．A.seeB．guessC．declareD．explain答案 A解析 句意为：她让我明白：让别人感觉良好也会让我感觉良好。see明白，看到；guess猜测；declare宣告，声明；explain解释。宾语从句内容是作者与老人相熟之后的感悟，故选A。16．A.heartbrokenB．homelessC．badtemperedD．hopeless答案 A解析 heartbroken心碎，难过；homeless无家可归的；badtempered坏脾气的；hopeless无望的。老人去世了，作者的心情应该是难过。故选A。17．A.quieterB．betterC．busierD．richer答案 B解析 quieter更安静的；better更好的；busier更忙的；richer更富有的。此时作者已经从以自我为中心转变为为他人着想，所以是更好的人。故选B。18．A.improveB．faceC．forgetD．analyze答案 C解析 improve提升；face面对；forget忘记；analyze分析。这些经历让作者变成一个更好的人，所以作者希望不会忘记这些经历。故选C。19．A.taughtB．preferredC．orderedD．forced答案 A解析 句意为：它们教会了我去多关心别人而不是自己。teach教；prefer喜欢，倾向；order下单，命令；force逼迫。根据语境可知，此处是指这些经历教会了她去更多地关心别人。故选A。20．A.missB．expectC．wonderD．like答案 D解析 miss思念，错过；expect期望；wonder想知道；like喜欢。作者对自己的改变感到很满意，所以是“喜欢”现在的自己。故选D。
Ⅰ.话题词汇总结1．fearv．&n．害怕2．painn．痛；痛苦v．使痛苦；使苦恼3．amazev．使惊奇；使惊愕4．couragen．勇气；无畏；胆量5．giveup放弃6．puzzledadj.困惑的；迷惑不解的7．stressn．压力8．angern．生气9．frustrationn．挫折；失败；挫败；失意10．emotionaladj.情感的，有感染力的联想 常用的和情感，态度有关的词汇还有：1．acceptvt.接受，接纳；认可2．bearvt.忍受，容忍；承担；承受3．depressedadj.抑郁的；沮丧的；意志消沉的4．devotionn．挚爱；奉献；忠诚；专心5．annoyedadj.烦恼的6．anxietyn．担忧，焦虑anxiousadj.忧虑的，焦急的7．tolerantadj.忍受的；容忍的；宽容的8．frightensb.intodoingsth.恐吓某人做某事9．haveapreferencefor偏爱……10．loseheart失去信心话题微写作——根据所给的汉语及以上词汇，完成下面的小短文。态度决定一切。在我看来，一个人应该对生活采取积极的态度，尤其是在生活中面对压力的时候。压力是无法避免的。面对它，有些人感到烦恼，甚至灰心丧气，屈服了。然而，有些人可以接受它并将其转化为动力。Attitudedetermineseverything.Inmyopinion，oneshouldtakeapositiveattitudetowardslife，especiallywhenfacedwithstressinlife.Stresscan’tbeavoided.Facedwithit，somepeoplefeelannoyed，evenloseheartandgivein.Others，however，canacceptitandturnitintomotivation.Ⅱ.长难句分析ItwasonlylaterthatJackrealizedthebrokenpiecesofthewindowhadcutthemwhilehewaspullinghissisterthroughthewindow.
[句式分析] 本句为强调结构，强调时间状语later，realized后为宾语从句，while引导时间状语从句。[自主翻译] 直到后来，杰克才意识到，当他把他的妹妹从窗户中拉出来时，窗户上的碎片伤了他的胳膊。[仿写运用] 正是通过这次采摘活动，我们才了解了农民的艰辛。Itwasthroughthispickingactivitythatweunderstoodthehardshipofthefarmers.
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