2022高考英语统考一轮复习第二章冠词参考课件新人教版

第二章　冠词 一、概念及分类1.冠词＋名词/名词词组 二、不定冠词的用法1.不定冠词有a和an两种形式。①当冠词后的名词的读音是以辅音音素(注意：不是辅音字母)开头时用a,如：auniversity,ausefulanimal,aone－eyeddog,aEuropeancar；②当冠词后面的名词的读音是以元音音素(注意：不是元音字母)开头时用an,如anhour,anhonestboy,anX－ray,anuglyman,anhonor等。2.用在可数名词前表示“一个”，相当于“one”(类指)。Thereisabookonthedesk.I'llreturninadayortwo. 3.用在专有名词前，表示“某一个”相当于“acertain”。AMr.Whiteiswaitingforyoudownstairs.4.著名画家或艺术家的姓名前用a,表示“一件……的作品”，相当于汉语中借代的修辞手法。HeboughtaVanGogh.5.表示“一类”相当于“any”(泛指)。Ahorseisausefulanimal.6.表示“每一”相当于“per”。Thedoctoraskedmetotakethemedicinethreetimesaday.Theenvelopesareoneyuanandtwentyfenadozen. 7.用在抽象名词前，表具体的介绍：a＋抽象名词，即抽象名词具体化。Thislittlegirlisajoytoherparents.Itisapleasuretotalkwithyou.Shewasafamousbeautyinheryouth.Herhusbandwasagreatcomforttoherwhenshewasill.Hersingingisadelight. 三、定冠词的用法the是唯一的定冠词，表示特指，有时相当于“this/that/these/those”。1.表示文中再次提到的人或物。Thereisabookonthedesk.ThebookisanEnglishbook.2.用在单数可数名词前表示类别。Thehorseisausefulanimal.3.表示世界上独一无二的东西。thesun,theearth,thecapital,thesky,theuniverse 4.用在由普通名词构成的国家、党派等专有名词前以及江、河、湖、海、山川、群岛的名词前。theUnitedStates,theCommunistPartyofChina,theYellowRiver,theRockyMountains,thePhilippines,thePacificOcean,theChinaof1840,theParisoftheeast,thelateMr.Brown5.用在序数词、形容词最高级前。thesecondstory,thelargestroom,thethirdlongestriver6.用在形容词或分词前表示一类人。thepoor/rich/dying/young/living/wounded 7.用在姓氏复数形式前，表示全家人或夫妇二人。TheSmithsaresittingatthebreakfasttable.8.表示弹奏西洋乐器时，用在西洋乐器名词前。Doyouliketoplaythepianoortheviolin?9.用在在表示发明物的单数名词前。ThecompasswasinventedinChinafourthousandyearsago.10.用在年代前。Inthe1870's/1870s,whenMarxwasalreadyinhisfifties 11.“the＋序数词”表排序，表示“第几”。Sheisthesecondstudenttogettoschool.“a/an＋序数词”不表示排序，通常表示“又一、再一”。Canyougivemeasecondchance,please?(＝anotherchance) 四、零冠词的用法零冠词就是不填冠词的情况，以下情形常不用冠词。1.专有名词、物质名词、抽象名词、人名、地名等名词前。China,America,JohnFailureisthemotherofsuccess.2.季节、月份、星期、节日、一日三餐名称前。spring,summer,autumn/fall,winter,Sunday,October,NationalDay,breakfast,lunch,supper 3.称呼语，表示头衔的名词作表语、宾语补足语及同位语时。What'sthis,Mother?GeorgeW.BushispresidentoftheUSA.4.学科名词，球类、棋类名词前。Doyoustudymathematics?Helikesplayingfootball/chess.5.泛指复数名词或不可数名词前。Computersarewidelyusedinourdailylife. 6.在与by连用的交通工具名称前。bycar(bus,train,water,air,land)7.as引导的让步状语从句中，作表语的名词不带冠词。Childassheis,sheknowsalotofFrench.8.系动词turn(作“变成”解)后作表语的单数可数名词前习惯不用冠词。Theyounggirlhasturnedwriter.＝Theyounggirlhasbecomeawriter. 9.在单数名词＋after＋同一单数名词(表示“一个接一个”)结构中，单数可数名词前不加冠词。Shedidexperimentafterexperiment.shopaftershop,mistakeaftermistake 五、有无冠词的区别以下词组，有无冠词，意义大不相同 经典例题1.Thebiggestwhaleis________bluewhale,whichgrowstobeabout29meterslong—theheightof________9－storybuilding.thea【解析】考查冠词。句意：最大的鲸鱼是蓝鲸，可以长到大约29米长——其高度相当于一座9层楼的高度。前一空格处是“the＋单数可数名词”表类指，后一个空格处是泛指。 2.Peopledevelop________preferenceforaparticularstyleoflearningat________earlyageandthesepreferencesaffectlearning.【解析】考查冠词。第一空，apreference表示“一种偏好”，用不定冠词a表泛指；第二空，atanearlyage是固定词组，意为“在很小的时候”。aan 3.________morelearnedamanis,________moremodestheusuallybecomes.【解析】考查冠词。句意：一个人越博学，他通常会变得越谦逊。根据句子结构来判断，此句使用了“The＋形容词/副词比较级……the＋形容词/副词比较级……”结构，意思是“越……，越……”。Thethe 4.TheSmithsdon'tusuallylikestayingat________hotels,butlastsummertheyspentafewdaysataverynicehotelby________sea.【解析】考查冠词。句意：史密斯夫妇通常不喜欢住旅馆，但去年夏天他们在海边的一个很舒适的旅馆住了几天。第一空，hotels是复数名词，表泛指，其前不用冠词；第二空，bythesea意为“在海边”。/the 5.Ican'ttellyou________waytotheWilsons'becausewedon'thave________Wilsonhereinthevillage.【解析】考查冠词。第一空应该用定冠词，thewayto可以视为一个固定搭配，意为“去……的路”；第二空前加不定冠词a，人名前加不定冠词表示“一个叫……的人”。thea 6.The“ChineseDream”is________dreamtoimprovepeople'swell－beingand________dreamofharmony,peaceanddevelopment.【解析】考查冠词。句意：“中国梦”是一个改善民生的梦想，一个(追求)和谐、和平与发展的梦想。题干中的两个空都表示泛指，故均用不定冠词。aa 用正确的冠词填空。1.Giveyourbodyandbrainarestbysteppingoutsidefor________while.2.Ican'ttellyou________waytotheWilson'sbecausewedon'thave________Wilsoninthevillage.3.Heis________littleBillGates.4.PeterFox,whois________electricalengineer,spenttwoandahalfyearsworkingontheproject.5.Thepicturelooksbeautifulat________distance.6.Itis________honorformetoattendthemeeting.aatheaaanan 7.Youcantellwhenyouareoverthetopandonthedownwardslope,byaskingyourself________numberofquestions.8.Iliketolookat________moon,especially________brightmoonintheevening.9.________ArcticOceanisthesmallestocean.10.Inthebeginning,therewasonly________verysmallamountofunfairnessintheworld.11.Now,yearslater,thisriverisoneof________mostoutstandingexamplesofenvironmentalcleanup.atheaTheathe 12.________villagewhereIwasbornhasgrowninto________town.13.Thenurseryteamswitcheshimeveryfewdayswithhissistersothatwhileoneisbeingbottle－fed,________otheriswithmom.14.Itwasprobablythefactthatshesatin________lastrow.15.MrSmith,thereisamanat________frontdoorwhosayshehas________importantnewsforyou./Theathethethe 用正确的冠词填空。1.Lifeislike________ocean;onlythestrong－willedcanreachtheothershore.2.Brianisgiftedinwritingmusic;heisverylikelytobe________Beethoven.3.Ijustheard________bankwhereDoraworkswasrobbedbyagunmanwearingamask.4.Expertsthinkthat________recentlydiscoveredpaintingmaybe________Picasso.anathethea 5.Hearing________news,hewenthomein________hurry.6.Iwentto________countrysidewithmyfathertovisitgrandparents.7.In1931,Addamsbecame________firstAmericanwomantowintheNobelPeacePrize.8.________prizeforthewinnerofthecompetitionisatwo－weekholidayinParis.9.Mr.Johnsonlivedinthewoodswithhiswifeandchildren.Heowned________farmwhichlookedalmostabandoned.10.Iate________sandwichwhileIwaswaitingfor________20:08train.theathethetheaathe 您好，谢谢观看！ 11.In________mostcountries,auniversitydegreecangiveyou________flyingstartinlife.12.Manylifestylepatternsdosuch________greatharmtohealththattheyactuallyspeedup________weakeningofthehumanbody.13.Theparentswereshockedby________newsthattheirsonneeded________operationonhisknee.14.Itwas________coldwinternightandthemoonwasshiningbrightlyacross________nightsky.15.Beijing'sbidfor________2022WinterOlympicshasdrivenpublicenthusiasmforwintersportstonewheights./a/thetheanathethe