Unit2Englisharoundtheworld
主题:人与自我 子话题:语言学习 对应教材:必修1Unit2Englisharoundtheworld;必修4Unit4Bodylanguage
Step1诵读经典·渗透文化意识Ⅰ.细品味经典文章(2021·浙江1月高考改编)Researcherssaytheyhavetranslatedthemeaningofgesturesthatwildchimpanzees(黑猩猩)usetocommunicate.Theysaywildchimpscommunicate19specificmessagestooneanotherwitha“vocabulary”of66gestures.ThescientistsdiscoveredthisbyfollowingandfilminggroupsofchimpsinUganda,andexaminingmorethan5,000incidentsofthesemeaningfulexchanges.
DrCatherineHobaiter,wholedtheresearch,saidthatthiswastheonlyformofintentionalcommunicationtoberecordedintheanimalkingdom.Onlyhumansandchimps,shesaid,hadasystemofcommunicationwheretheydeliberatelysentamessagetoanothergroupmember.“That’swhat’ssoamazingaboutchimpgestures,”shesaid.“They’retheonlythingthatlookslikehumanlanguageinthatrespect.”
Althoughpreviousresearchhasshownthatapesandmonkeyscanunderstandcomplexinformationfromanotheranimal’scall,theanimalsdonotappeartousetheirvoicesintentionallytocommunicatemessages.Thiswasasignificantdifferencebetweencallsandgestures,DrHobaitersaid....“Thevaguenessofthegesturemeaningssuggestseitherthatthechimpshavelittletocommunicate,orwearestillmissingalotoftheinformationcontainedintheirgesturesandactions,”shesaid.“Moreover,themeaningsseemtonotgobeyondwhatotheranimalsconveywithnon-verbalcommunication.So,itseemsthegulfremains.”
Ⅱ.按要求完成任务1.写出文章中表示交流的单词或短语。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2.你认为猩猩与其他动物最大的区别是什么?__________________________________________________________________________________________________________communicate19specificmessagestooneanotherwitha“vocabulary”of66gestures,sentamessagetoanothergroupmember,understandcomplexinformation,communicatemessagesOnlychimpslikehumanhadasystemofcommunicationwheretheydeliberatelysentamessagetoanothergroupmember.
Step2固本强基·锻造语言能力Ⅰ.重点词汇1.basevt.以……为根据n.基部;基地;基础【教材原句】ItwasbasedmoreonGermanthantheEnglishwespeakatpresent.(P10)它更多地以德语为根据,而不是我们现在说的英语。
【词块必记】base...on/upon...把……建立在……基础之上bebasedon/upon...以……为基础【语境速测】单句语法填空①Truefriendshipshouldbebased___eachother’sunderstandingandrespect.②Thebookfollowsfourcharacters,loosely_____(base)onmyuncles.onbased
【写作金句】They’remakingjudgmentsbasedonanarrowlyfocusedvisionoftheworld.他们的判断基于一种狭隘的世界观。
2.commandn.命令;掌握vt.命令;指挥;配【教材原句】InEnglishyouuseacommandorarequestwhenyouwantsomeonetodosomething.(P12)在英语中,当你想让某人做某事时,你会使用命令或请求。
【词块必记】(1)takecommandof控制haveagoodcommandof精通;掌握(2)commandsb.todosth.命令某人做某事commandthat...命令(从句谓语用虚拟语气,即should+do形式,should可以省略)
【语境速测】单句语法填空①Mybosscommandedme_______(finish)thetaskontime.②Havingagoodcommand__Englishgavehimanadvantageinapplyingforajob.③Ifyoudonotserveothers,youcannottakecommand__them.tofinishofof
【写作金句】AChineseEnglishlearnercannothaveagoodcommandofEnglishunlessheovercomestheculturalbarriersinlearningEnglish.中国人在英语学习中,只有克服文化障碍才能很好地掌握英语。
3.requestn.&vt.请求;要求【典型例句】Youcantalktotherobot,askitquestions,andmakerequestsforittoperformdifferenttasks.你可以和机器人交谈,问它问题,并要求它执行不同的任务。
【词块必记】(1)makerequests/arequestfor请求;要求……attherequestofsb.=atsb.’srequest应某人的要求(2)requestsb.todosth.要求某人做某事requestthatsb.(should)dosth.请求某人做某事Itisrequestedthat...(should)do...要求……
【语境速测】单句语法填空①TheUnitedNationswillapprovehisrequest___usingmilitaryforcetodeliveraid.②Herequestedthatallthematerialsneededforthemeetingshould___________(prepare)aheadoftime.【写作金句】KnownforintroducingWesternsciencetoChina,MatteoRiccicreatedthemapin1602attherequestofEmperorWanli.以向中国传播西方科学而闻名的利玛窦在1602年应万历皇帝的要求制作了这幅地图。forbeprepared
Ⅱ.核心短语4.comeup走近;上来;发芽;发生;提出;(太阳、月亮等)升起【教材原句】I’dliketocomeuptoyourapartment.(P10)我想去你的公寓。
【词块必记】
【误区释疑】comeup的主语是物,表示“(计划、建议、议题等)被提出”,为不及物动词短语;而comeupwith的主语是人或团体组织,表示“(某人)提出”,为及物动词短语。
【语境速测】单句语法填空①Noonehascomeup____adefinitiveanswerastowhythisshouldbeso.②Howdidthisfeelingcome_____?③Somepeopleloseheartwhentheycome______failureswhileothersrisetothechallenge.【写作金句】TheFrenchmanLandoisstudiedandexperimentedandfinallycameupwiththestartlingdiscovery.法国人兰多伊斯进行了研究试验,终于得出了这个惊人的发现。withaboutacross
Ⅲ.经典句式5.NativeEnglishspeakerscanunderstandeachothereveniftheydon’tspeakthesamekindofEnglish.把英语作为母语的人,即使他们所讲的英语不尽相同,也可以相互理解。【典型例句】Evenifhehadbeenbeatenninety-ninetimes,hecouldstruggletohisfeetonehundredtimes.尽管他被打倒99次,他可以挣扎着站起来100次。
【句型公式】evenif引导让步状语从句,相当于eventhough,意为“即使;尽管”。(1)在从句中常用一般现在时代替将来时。(2)在主从句主语相同或从句主语为it,且从句谓语动词含有be动词的某种形式时也可采用省略结构,即省略从句的主语和be动词。
【语境速测】单句语法填空①Wewillmakeatripeveniftheweather__(be)bad.②Eventhough______(beat)manytimes,hestillhadcouragetostandup.③Weallknowthat,ifnot_____(deal)withcarefully,thesituationwillgetworse.完成句子④Youmustkeeptotherules_______________they’reunfair.尽管你认为这些规则不公正,你也得遵守。isbeatendealtevenifyouthink
【备选要点】1.separate(separated;separating)v.把……分开;分隔adj.分开的;单独的;独立的【典型例句】Itisimpossibletoseparatebelieffromemotion.信仰和感情是分不开的。
【词块必记】(1)separateAfromB把A和B分开divide...into...把……分成……(2)separationn.分开;分离;分居【语境速测】单句语法填空①Iseparatedthegoodapples_____thebadonesandshedividedthebest____halves.②Itwasofcourseadelightforthemtomeetagainaftersuchalong__________(separate).③Igot_________(separate)frommyfriendsinthecrowd.fromintoseparationseparated
2.recognizevt.辨认出;承认;公认【教材原句】AlthoughmanyAmericansmovealot,theystillrecognizeandunderstandeachother’sdialects.(P13)尽管很多美国人迁徙很频繁,但是他们依然能够辨认出并且理解彼此的方言。
【词块必记】(1)recognizesb./one’svoice认出某人/听出某人的声音recognize...as/tobe...把……看作……Itis(generally)recognizedthat...人们公认……(2)recognitionn.认出;认识beyondrecognition认不出来熟词生义Hisservicestothestatewererecognizedwiththeawardofaknighthood.他被封为爵士,以表彰他对国家的贡献。()正式感谢
【语境速测】单句语法填空①Picturesarescannedintoaformofdigitalinformationthatcan____________(recognize)bycomputers.②Withthedevelopmentofitseconomy,Tianjinhaschangedbeyond__________(recognize).③_______________(recognize)bytheteachersmakestheboymotivatedtostudyharder.berecognizedrecognitionBeingrecognized
句型转换④Thebookisrecognizedasoneofthegreatestworksofliteratureofthiscentury.→_______________________thatthebookisoneofthegreatestworksofliteratureofthiscentury.Itis(generally)recognized
3.a(great)numberof许多;大量的【典型例句】AnumberofbuildingsaroundtheParliamentwerestillsmokingtoday.国会周围的一些大楼今天还在冒烟。【词块必记】alargenumberof大量;许多thenumberof...……的数量
【语境速测】单句语法填空①However,thereare__numberofotherreasonsthatmightexplainwhyyouwanttogarden.②Statisticsshowthat___averagenumberofbirthsperwomanhasfallenfrom4.9intheearly1960sto2.5nowadays.③ThenumberofpeoplelearningChinese__(be)increasingrapidly.atheis
4.playapart(in)扮演一个角色;参与【典型例句】Butlikemanycases,luckalsoseemedtoplayapart.但是,就像许多事例一样,运气也起到了作用。【词块必记】playapart/rolein在……中扮演角色;在……中起作用playanactivepartin在……中起积极作用playtheleadingpart起带头作用
【语境速测】单句语法填空①TangpoetryisasymbolofChinesetraditionalliteratureandplays___importantpartinChineseculture.完成句子②Therearemanyreasonsforanimals’dyingout,butthemostimportantoneis_____________________________.动物绝种的原因有很多,但是最重要的是人类所起的作用。anthepartthathumanshaveplayed
5.becauseof因为;由于【典型例句】Hehadtocancelsomeengagementsbecauseoftiredness.他太累了,不得不取消一些约会。【句型公式】(1)介词短语becauseof后接名词、代词、动名词或what引导的宾语从句。(2)连词because引导原因状语从句。
【知识拓展】“因为;由于”的其他表达方式
【语境速测】单句语法填空①Hewaspraisedbecause__whathehaddone.②Theprogramhadtobeabandoneddue__alackofgovernmentfunding.句型转换③Thesportsmeethadtobeputoffbecauseoftheheavyrain.→Thesportsmeethadtobeputoff______________________.oftobecauseitrainedheavily
【文化金句】BeijingshouldbeacitywithalargescaleofeconomyandmoreeconomicvigourbecauseofitsstatusinChinaandallovertheworld.北京在中国和世界上的地位决定了它应该是一个具有较大经济规模和更多经济活力的城市。
6.makeuseof利用;使用【教材原句】Sobythe1600’sShakespearewasabletomakeuseofawidervocabularythaneverbefore.(P10)所以到17世纪的时候,莎士比亚能够使用比以往任何时候都丰富的词汇。【词块必记】makegood/fulluseof充分利用makethebest/mostof充分利用takefulladvantageof充分利用
【误区释疑】makeuseof短语的构成特点:动词+名词+介词;需要关注两种考查方式:(1)把use提前,使用被动语态;(2)把use提前用作先行词,其后接定语从句。
【语境速测】单句语法填空①Intheworldofbooksandpaperonlibraryshelves,wemakeuse__aclassificationsystemtohelpusfindthings.②Hissuccessliesintheusethat/whichhecanmake__everychancetoimprovehimself.③Thisisagoodchancethatyoucanmakeuseof__________(improve)yourspokenEnglish.ofoftoimprove
完成句子④Wealsotrainthem_____________referencebooks.我们还培养他们使用参考书。【写作金句】Skilledreaderscanmakeuseofcontextandprediction.阅读能力强的人会利用上下文以及推测来理解文意。tomakeuseof
7.Thisisbecauseintheearlydaysofradio,thosewhoreportedthenewswereexpectedtospeakexcellentEnglish.这是因为在早期的电台节目里,人们期望新闻播音员所说的英语是最好的英语。
【典型例句】①Hecamelatethismorning.Thatisbecausehisbikewasbroken.他今天早上迟到了,那是因为他的自行车坏了。②Hisbikewasbroken.Thatiswhyhecamelatethismorning.他的自行车坏了,那是他今天早上迟到的原因。
【句型公式】(1)This/Thatisbecause...意为“这/那是因为……”,用来表示原因。(2)This/Thatiswhy...意为“这/那就是为什么……”,用来表示结果。【语境速测】完成句子①Everydaywecanfeellovearoundus.______________(那是因为)someonelovesyou.Thus,whenyoulove,youarealsoloved.②___________(那就是为什么……)youcan’tseethestarsatdaytime.ThatisbecauseThatiswhy
【写作金句】Youareright.Thatisbecausedifferentsubjectshavetheirowndistinguishingfeatures.Youhavetodealwiththemindifferentwayssoastoachieveyourgoals.正是这样。那是因为不同的学科都有各自的特点。为了达到目标,你就得用不同的方法来加以处理。
Step3强化检测·提升学习能力Ⅰ.单句语法填空1.(2020·天津高考)Butmanyoftoday’ssoundprofessionalsaresharingtheirknowledgeandexperiencewithprofessionalsinotherfieldstocreatenewproducts_____(base)onthephenomenonwecallsound.2.(2020·全国Ⅱ卷)She’stryingtocome___withalabeltoattachtonutriafashionstoshowitiseco-friendly.3.(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)Butourinsistingit’smerelyawindowhaskeptthemfromattemptingmillionsof________(request)toopenthedoor.baseduprequests
4.(2020·全国Ⅲ卷)Icouldseethem_______(actual)walkingunderthesea.5.(2020·全国Ⅱ卷)Higher-incomeparentstendedtohavechildrenplaywithpuzzlesmore_________(frequent).actuallyfrequently
Ⅱ.完成句子1.ChinaDailyis________________,andithelpsustoimproveourEnglish.《中国日报》不仅仅是一份报纸,它还帮助我们提高英语。2._______________assoonashecameintheroom.他一进屋我就认出了他。3.______________,wewereleftwaitingintherainfortwohours.信不信由你,我们在雨中一直等了两个小时。morethanapaperIrecognizedhimBelieveitornot
4.Hesuggested______________________.他建议今晚召开一次会议。5.HeorderedSamtostay____________.他嘱咐山姆站在原地别动。holdingameetingtonightwherehewas
Ⅲ.语法填空(黑体词为本单元重点词汇)Nowadays,English1.______________(play)animportantpartinourlife.Even2.________Englishisnotveryhardtolearn,manyproblemsstillcomeup.Weshould3._____(make)fulluseofeveryopportunitytopractiseEnglish.OnlyinthiswaycanweeventuallyhaveagoodcommandofEnglish.Asisknowntousall,learningEnglishshould4.________(base)onhardwork.Youshouldn’tloseheartwhenyoucomeacross5.__numberofdifficulties.Actuallythereisnosuchthingasafreelunchintheworld.isplaying/playsif/thoughmakebebaseda
Besides,AmericanEnglishisslightlydifferentfromBritishEnglish.Because6.__thedifference,youcantellwhichcountryforeignersarefrom.Forexample,ifaboss7.__________(command)hisdriver,“Come8.___straighttomyapartmentbyelevator.”,insteadof9.__________(request),“Pleasecometomyflatbylift.”,youcanrecognizehisAmericanidentity,while10.___lattersuggeststhatheisBritish.ofcommandsuprequestingthe
Step4直击高考·培养思维品质核心素养 了解语言学习的重要性,认识语言在社会交往中的作用高考链接2020·新高考全国Ⅰ卷阅读理解B;2020·全国Ⅱ卷阅读填句;2018·全国卷Ⅰ阅读理解C;2017·浙江高考阅读理解C
Ⅰ.话题与阅读理解(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ卷阅读理解B)JenniferMauerhasneededmorewillpowerthanthetypicalcollegestudenttopursuehergoalofearninganursingdegree.ThatwillpowerborefruitwhenJennifergraduatedfromUniversityofWisconsin-EauClaireandbecamethefirstinherlargefamilytoearnabachelor’sdegree.
Mauer,ofEdgar,Wisconsin,grewuponafarminafamilyof10children.Herdadworkedatajobawayfromthefarm,andhermotherranthefarmwiththekids.Afterhighschool,Jenniferattendedalocaltechnicalcollege,workingtopayhertuition(学费),becausetherewasnoextramoneysetasideforacollegeeducation.Aftergraduation,sheworkedtohelphersistersandbrotherspayfortheirschooling.
Jennifernowismarriedandhasthreechildrenofherown.Shedecidedtogobacktocollegetoadvancehercareerandtobeabletobettersupportherfamilywhiledoingsomethingsheloves:nursing.ShechosetheUW-EauClaireprogramatMinistrySaintJoseph’sHospitalinMarshfieldbecauseshewasabletopursueherfour-yeardegreeclosetohome.Shecoulddrivetoclassandbehomeintheeveningtohelpwithherkids.Jenniferreceivedgreatsupportfromherfamilyassheworkedtoearnherdegree:Herhusbandworkedtwojobstocoverthebills,andher68-year-oldmotherhelpedtakecareofthechildrenattimes.
Throughitall,sheremainedingoodacademicstandingandgraduatedwithhonors.Jennifersacrificed(牺牲)toachievehergoal,givingupmanynightswithherkidsandmissingimportanteventstostudy.“Somenightsmyheartwasbreakingtohavetopickbetweenmykidsandstudyingforexamsorpapers,”shesays.However,herchildrenhavelearnedanimportantlessonwitnessingtheirmotherearnherdegree.Jenniferisafirst-generationgraduateandaninspirationtoherfamily—andthat’sprettypowerful.
【文章大意】文章讲述了一个在农场长大的女子高中毕业后一边工作一边读完技术学院,并供弟弟妹妹完成学业,成家后又重返校园攻读学位,不仅为孩子树立了榜样,也成为家族的荣耀。1.WhatdidJenniferdoafterhighschool?A.Shehelpedherdadwithhiswork.B.Sheranthefamilyfarmonherown.C.Shesupportedherselfthroughcollege.D.Shetaughthersistersandbrothersathome.
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第二段中的Afterhighschool,Jenniferattendedalocaltechnicalcollege,workingtopayhertuition...可知她高中毕业后半工半读完成大学,故选C。
2.WhydidJenniferchoosetheprogramatMinistrySaintJoseph’sHospitalinMarshfield?A.Totakecareofherkidseasily.B.Tolearnfromthebestnurses.C.Tosavemoneyforherparents.D.Tofindawell-paidjobthere.
【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第三段中的ShechosetheUW-EauClaireprogram...becauseshewasabletopursueherfour-yeardegreeclosetohome.Shecould...behomeintheeveningtohelpwithherkids.可知她为了方便照顾孩子选择了离家近的学校。故选A。
3.WhatdidJennifersacrificetoachievehergoal?A.Herhealth.B.Hertimewithfamily.C.Herreputation.D.Herchanceofpromotion.【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第四段中的Jennifersacrificedtoachievehergoal,givingupmanynightswithherkidsandmissingimportanteventstostudy.可知她牺牲了很多和孩子在一起的时光,错过了很多重要的事情。故选B。
4.WhatcanwelearnfromJennifer’sstory?A.Timeismoney.B.Lovebreaksdownbarriers.C.Hardworkpaysoff.D.Educationisthekeytosuccess.【解析】选C。推理判断题。全文侧重讲Jennifer努力克服困难实现自己的梦想的故事,和C项“付出就会有回报”相符合。
【难句剖析】Afterhighschool,Jenniferattendedalocaltechnicalcollege,workingtopayhertuition,becausetherewasnoextramoneysetasideforacollegeeducation.分析:because引导一个原因状语从句。在主句中workingtopayhertuition是非谓语动词作伴随状语。在because引导的原因状语从句中使用了therebe句型,其中setaside是过去分词短语作后置定语,修饰名词money。翻译:高中毕业后,Jennifer上了当地的一所技术学院,半工半读,因为家里没有多余的钱能留出来负担大学教育的费用。
【微技能点拨】如何做推理判断题
本文中第4题为推理判断题,根据策略解题如下:Step1整合全文关键词:pursuehergoalofearninganursingdegreeStep2回到原文准定位:第一段JenniferMauerhasneededmorewillpowerthanthetypicalcollegestudenttopursuehergoalofearninganursingdegree.最后一段Jennifersacrificedtoachievehergoal...Step3对比选项找最佳:尝试解答______。C
【语用提能】话题词汇willpower,pursue,degree,sacrifice,inspiration短语bearfruit,ofone’sown,graduatewithhonors熟词新义covervt.支付(账单)standingn.(学术)地位
【微语法填空】(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ卷阅读理解B改编)1._________(pursue)hergoalofearninganursingdegree,JenniferMauerhasneededmorewillpower,whichborefruitwhenshegraduatedfromUniversity,2.____thetypicalcollegestudent.3.________(grow)uponafarminafamilyof10children,Jenniferhardlyhadchancestogotouniversitybecause4.__poverty.Butshenevergaveup5.___(she)dreamofnursing.After6.________(marry),she7.________(manage)togotocollegeandgainedsupportfromherhusband,8.____tookuptwojobstocoverthebills.9._______(final),hardworkpaidoff—shebecamethefirstinherlargefamily10._______(earn)abachelor’sdegree.TopursuethanGrowingofmarriagehermanagedwhoFinallytoearn
Ⅱ.话题与写作(2019·浙江6月高考改编)阅读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。Parentseverywherepraisetheirkids.JennBerman,authorofTheAtoZGuidetoRaisingHappyandConfidentKids,says,“We’vegonetotheoppositeextremeofafewdecadesagowhenparentstendedtobemorestrict.”Bygivingkidsalotofpraise,parentsthinkthey’rebuildingtheirchildren’sconfidence,when,infact,itmaybejusttheopposite.Toomuchpraisecanbackfireand,whengiveninawaythat’sinsincere,makekidsafraidtotrynewthingsortakeariskforfearofnotbeingabletostayontopwheretheirparents’praisehasputthem.
Still,don’tgotoofarintheotherdirection.Notgivingenoughpraisecanbejustasdamagingasgivingtoomuch.Kidswillfeellikethey’renotgoodenoughorthatyoudon’tcareand,asaresult,mayseenopointintryinghardfortheiraccomplishments.
Sowhatistherightamountofpraise?Expertssaythatthequalityofpraiseismoreimportantthanthequantity.Ifpraiseissincereandfocusedontheeffortnottheoutcome,youcangiveitasoftenasyourchilddoessomethingthatdeservesaverbalreward.“Weshouldespeciallyrecognizeourchildren’seffortstopushthemselvesandworkhardtoachieveagoal,”saysDonahue,authorofParentingWithoutFear:LettingGoofWorryandFocusingonWhatReallyMatters.“Onethingtorememberisthatit’stheprocessnottheendproductthatmatters.”
Yoursonmaynotbethebestbasketballplayeronhisteam.Butifhe’soutthereeverydayandplayinghard,youshouldpraisehiseffortregardlessofwhetherhisteamwinsorloses.Praisingtheeffortandnottheoutcomecanalsomeanrecognizingyourchildwhenshehasworkedhardtocleantheyard,cookdinner,orfinishabookreport.Butwhateveritis,praiseshouldbegivenonacase-by-casebasisandbeproportionate(相称的)totheamountofeffortyourchildhasputintoit.
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Step1写作技巧1.通读全文,确定体裁,明确主题体裁:议论文主题:家长对孩子的表扬2.定位主题句和关键词,变换表达方式(同义转换)①Bygivingkidsalotofpraise,parentsthinkthey’rebuildingtheirchildren’sconfidence,when,infact,itmaybejusttheopposite.→Nowadays,parentstendto___________________________________,hopingtoboosttheirconfidence,butitmayproducetheoppositeeffect.offerconsideratepraisetotheirchildren
②Notgivingenoughpraisecanbejustasdamagingasgivingtoomuch.Kidswillfeellikethey’renotgoodenough.→Nopraisefromparentsalso____________theirself-confidence.③Expertssaythatthequalityofpraiseismoreimportantthanthequantity.Ifpraiseissincereandfocusedontheeffortnottheoutcome,youcangiveitasoftenasyourchilddoessomethingthatdeservesaverbalreward.→Expertsclaimthatthequalityofpraiseismore_________,whichfocusesonthekid’seffort__________outcome.doesharmtosignificantratherthan
④Praiseshouldbegivenonacase-by-casebasisandbeproportionatetotheamountofeffortyourchildhasputintoit.→Praiseshould__________children’samountofeffort.beequalto
Step2妙笔成篇(适当添加衔接词)Nowadays,parentstendtoofferconsideratepraisetotheirchildren,hopingtoboosttheirconfidence,butitmayproducetheoppositeeffect.However,nopraisefromparentsalsodoesharmtotheirself-confidence.Therefore,expertsclaimthatthequalityofpraiseismoresignificant,whichfocusesonthekid’seffortratherthanoutcome.Anyway,praiseshouldbeequaltochildren’samountofeffort.
【加固训练】阅读填句InastudyrecentlypublishedinthejournalNeuron,researchersfoundthatsupermemorizersdon’thaveunusuallylargebrainregionsthatallowthemtorememberalotofinformation.__1__Hereareafewoftheirfavoritetricksthatcanhelpyoutorememberthingsinyoureverydaylife.ToRemember:NewwordsTechnique:Changeroutine
Inastudy,agroupofstudentsstudiedalistofwordsintwoseparatesessions.Somestudiedinamessyroomandsomeinaneatspace.Onegroupofstudentsspentbothsessionsinthesameroom,whiletheothersplitthesessionsbetweenthetwoenvironments.Duringatest,thestudentswhostudiedinmultipleplacesrememberedmuchmore.__2__Thatincludesthetimeofday,themusicinthebackground,whetheryousitorstand,etc.ToRemember:YourPINTechnique:Countitout
Youcoulduseyourbirthday,oryourphonenumber,butidentitythieveshaveawayoffiguringthosenumbersout.__3__Writeafour-wordsentence.Thencountthenumberoflettersineachword.Forinstance,“ThisismyPIN”=4223.ToRemember:FacesTechnique:FocusonnosesWhilesomesupermemorizersspecializeinassociatingnameswithfaces,thememory-palacetechniquedoesn’tworkaswelliftheimageofthefaceischangedinanyway.Ratherthanfocusingoneyes,asmostpeopledo,focusonthecentreortotheleftofaperson’snose.__4__
ToRemember:Facts&figuresTechnique:__5__Tolearnandrememberstatistics,reviewingthematerialrepeatedlyoveralongertimeisfarmoreeffectivethanrepeatingitinashorterone.Ifyourexamisinaweek,studytodayandthenagaininadayortwo.Ifit’samonthaway,studytodayandthenwaitaweekbeforeyoursecondsession.【文章大意】本文属于说明文,建议记忆不同事物用不同的记忆技巧。
A.ValueexamsB.GiveyourselftimeC.Thisallowsyoutotakeintheirwholeface.D.Theirbrainstructuresareinfactthesameastherestofours.E.Instead,trythistipfromDominic,aneight-timeWorldMemoryChampion.F.Thetheoryisthatyourbrainlinksthewordstotheenvironmentaroundyou.G.Studiesshowedthatvaryingotheraspectsofyourenvironmentcanalsohelp.
1.【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据前一句可知,在《神经学》杂志最近发布的研究中,研究人员发现超级记忆者并没有更大的大脑区域来允许他们记忆很多信息,D选项(他们的大脑结构跟我们其余人一样)承接上文,切题,故选D。2.【解析】选G。细节理解题。根据后一句可知,包括记忆的时间,背景音乐,以及你是站着还是坐着等。G选项(改变环境的其他因素也能帮助记忆)切题,故选G。3.【解析】选E。推理判断题。根据下文可知,写一个有四个单词的句子,数每个单词的字母数,比如,ThisismyPIN每个单词分别包含4个、2个、2个、3个字母。E选项(尝试八次获得世界记忆冠军的Dominic的窍门)与后一句具体阐述记忆的方法衔接,故选E。
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4.【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据前一句可知,不要关注别人的眼睛,正如大多数人做的一样,关注一个人鼻子的中部或者左部。C选项(这会让你记住整张脸)阐述前一句的意义和影响,切题,故选C。5.【解析】选B。段落大意题。根据本段第一句可知,为了学习和记忆数据,长时间重复记忆比短时间重复记忆更有效,故可知,本段介绍记忆事实性知识和数据需要的技巧在于重复记忆,B选项(给自己一些时间)切题,故选B。
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