M3 Unit 3 Back to the past(测)-2022年高考英语一轮复习讲练测(新高考•江苏)(原卷)

M3Unit3Backtothepast(测)-2022年高考英语一轮复习讲练测(新高考•江苏)一、阅读理解阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。A(2021·全国高三)Ifyou’dliketogosightseeing,thefollowingWorldHeritageSitesmaybeyourbestchoices.JiuzhaigouValleyScenicandHistoricInterestAreaJiuzhaigouValley,whichliesinthenorthernpartofSichuanProvince,China,reachesaheightofmorethan4,800m,withaseriesofdifferentforestecosystems(生态系统).It’sparticularlyfamousforitsexcellentwaterfalls.About140kindsofbirdsliveinthevalley,aswellasanumberofendangeredplantsandanimals,includingthegiantpanda.JiuzhaigouValleywasrecognisedasaWorldHeritageSitebyUNESCOin1992.KhamiRuinsNationalMonumentThecityofKhami,whichdevelopedafterthecapitalofGreatZimbabwehadbeengivenupinthemid-16thcentury,isofgreatarchaeological(考古的)interest.ThediscoveryofobjectsfromEuropeandChinashowsthatKhamiwasamajorcentrefortradeoveralongperiodoftime.ItjoinedtheWorldHeritageListin1986.HendersonIslandHendersonIsland,whichliesintheeasternSouthPacific,isoneofthefewatolls(环礁)intheworldwhoseecologyhasbeenuntouchedbyhumans.It’sparticularlyfamousforthe10plantsand4birdsthatcanonlybeseenontheisland.ItwasrecordedintheWorldHeritageListin1988.TheTajMahal TheTajMahalisconsideredtobeoneofthemostbeautifulbuildingsintheworldandthefinestexampleofthelatestyleofIndianarchitecture.ItwasbuiltbytheemperorShahJehan,whoruledIndiainthe17thcentury.Itwasinmemoryofhisfavouritewifewhodiedin1631.ThearchitecturewasgivenaWorldHeritageStatusin1983.1.WhichofthefollowingcanbefoundinJiuzhaigouValley?A.Wonderfulwaterfalls.B.Ancientobjects.C.Beautifulbuildings.D.Untouchedecology.2.WhatcanwelearnabouttheTajMahal?A.Itdoesn’texistnow.B.Itwasbuiltbyanemperor’swife.C.Ithasbecomeaplaceofinterest.D.Itlooksmorebeautifulthanotherbuildings.3.Inwhichpartofanewspapercanwereadthetext?A.Industry.B.Travel.C.Science.D.Business.B(2021·全国高三单元测试)Romewasn’tbuiltinaday.AndneitherwastheRomansubwaysystem.Undergroundworkisslowgoing,becauseconstructionworkersoftenmeetwithfrescoes(壁画)andothervaluablestonefoundationsthousandsofyearsago.Andafewyearsago,theyfoundthewoodenfoundationsofaluxuriousporchfromaRomanbuilding.SolocalarchaeologistscalledinMauroBernabeioftheNationalResearchCouncilofItaly.He’sadendrochronologist:someonewhoanalyzestreerings,whichgiveageandenvironmentalinformation.“Wehavetostudywoodbecauseit’sfull,reallyfull,ofinformation!”Bernabeiandhisteamfoundthatthewoodenplankswereoak(橡木).Butthewood'soriginwashardertodetermine.Sotheycomparedthetreeringsintheoakfloortothoseavailableinlibrariesoftreeringsthatcontaintimberfrom alloverEurope.AndtheyfoundamatchfortheRomanwood—fromtheJuraregionofeasternFrance,morethan600milesaway.Theresearchersalsodeterminedthatitwasusedinabout40to60B.C.Andsomecamefromtreesalreadyupto300yearsoldwhentheywerecutdown.ThedetailsareinthejournalPLOSONE.ThediscoveryisthefirstclearevidenceofoakfromnorthoftheAlpsbeingusedtobuildancientRome.Andit’sareminderthattheRomanshadacomplextradingnetwork.Thesetrees,forexample,likelyfloateddowntworivers,acrosstheMediterraneanandupanotherrivertoRome. BernabeisaysRomanarchaeologistsusuallydestroyancientwood—it’snotasvaluableasjewelryandvasesandfrescos.Buthe'shopingthisstudymightchangetheirminds.“Savethewood,yes!Andcallme,ifyoudon’twanttosave—please,callme!”Hesays.4.WhydoesthesubwayinRomegoslowly?A.ItishardtodiguptheearthinRome.B.Therearemanyancientruinsburiedhere.C.ItisverydangeroustoworktoofastinRomeD.TheRomanarenotexperiencedinbuildingsubways5.Whatcanpeoplelearnfromthewoodfoundations?A.ThewealthinancientRomeB.ThetradinginformationofancientRomeC.ThecultureofancientRomeD.ThesocialrelationsofancientRome6.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordinparagraph4referto?A.ThestoneB.ThesubwayC.TheFrenchwoodD.TheRomanfoundation7.Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?A.ScientistsfoundsomeinformationaboutancientRomeB.WoodwasnotasvaluableasstonesinancientRomeC.OnlytherichpeopleinancientRomecouldusewoodD.AncientRomecouldhavearichtradingnetwork.C(2021·安徽高三模拟)Dr.SarvepalliRadhakrishnanwasafamousteacherandauthor.HetookbirthinthepoorBrahminfamilyinTirutani,Indiaon5thofSeptemberin1888.ThenameofhisfatherwasSarvepalliVeeraswamiwhowasdoingjobintheZamindariataverysmallsalary.ThenameofhismotherwasSitamma.Becauseofthepooreconomicstatus(状况)hedidhiseducationonscholarships.HesuccessfullycompletedhisschoolingfromTirutaniandLutheranMissionMiddleSchool,Tirupati.HecompletedhisB.A.andM.A.degreeinphilosophy.Hegotmarriedathis16toSivakamuamma.HebecameanAssistantLectureship(讲师)in1909atMadrasPresidencyCollege.HewaswellawareofMadhava,RamanujaandtheBuddhistandJainphilosophy.Inhislaterlife,hereadphilosophicalcommentaries(评注)ofmanyfamousphilosophers.HebecametheProfessorofphilosophyatUniversityofMysorein1918.HealsobecameafamousauthorandwrotemanyarticlesforfamousmagazinessuchasThePhilosophyofRabindranathTagore,TheQuest,TheReignofReligioninContemporaryPhilosophyandsoon. HisfamouswritingshaddrawntheattentionofAshutoshMookerjee(ViceChancelloratCalcuttaUniversity)andgotnominated(提名)fortheGeorgeVProfessorofPhilosophyatCalcuttaUniversityin1921.HewroteanotherbooknamedIndianPhilosophyontherequestmadebyProf.J.H.MuirheadfortheLibraryofPhilosophywhichwaspublishedin1923.Hisbirthdayanniversaryisgettingcelebratedeveryyearon5thofSeptembertohonourhisgreatworkingsforever.Hediedinthe1975on17thofApril.8.HowdidRadhakrishnancompletehisschooling?A.Bywinningscholarships.B.Withthehelpofothers.C.Withthesupportofhisparents.D.Bydoingsomepart-timejobs.9.Whatcanweknowfromparagraph3?A.Ramanujanhadagreatgiftformusic.B.Radhakrishnanbecameaprofessorinhisthirties.C.Itwasdifficulttoreadthroughsomefamousthinkers'works.D.Radhakrishnanonlywrotearticlesforpapersandmagazines.10.WhenwasRadhakrishnannominatedfortheGeorgeVProfessor?A.AfterRadhakrishnanknewMookerjee.B.AfterRamanujanintroducedhimselftoMookerjee.C.AfterhisarticlescaughtMookerjee'sattention.D.AfterhefinishedhisbookcalledIndianPhilosophy.11.WhatcanweknowaboutIndianPhilosophywrittenbyRadhakrishnan?A.Itisthefirstbookwrittenbyhim.B.Itisabookhewasrequestedtowrite.C.Itisabookcomingoutinhisforties.D.Itisabookwrittentocelebratehisbirthday.D(2021·广西玉林市高三模拟)ThecityofQuanzhouinEastChina'sFujianprovince,oneofthemostimportantChineseportsalongthehistoricmaritime(海运的)SilkRoad,reportednewfindingsaboutarchaeological(考古的)effortsfrom2019to2020,expertssaidatameetingheldinQuanzhoufromFridaytoSaturday.“Thelatestresearchresultsoniron-makingremainsinQuanzhou'sAnxicountyshowedthatitusedtomakelotsofironandsteel,importantgoodsoftradealongthehistoricmaritimeSilkRoad,mainlyduringtheSongDynastyandYuanDynasty,”saysShenRuiwen,afamousarchaeologist.Twoothersiteswerediscoveredandidentifiedasremainsofregulatorybodies(监管机构)thatexistedwithinthetwodynasties.Oneofthemmanagedaffairsrelatedtotheemperors'relatives,andtheotherservedsimilar functionsastoday'scustoms.Shensaid,“ThetwoancientorganizationsshowedthatQuanzhouonceprovidedeffectivesupportforoceantrade.”Anotherfindingexposedwasthedevelopmentofchina-makingtechnologyfromtheSongDynastytotheQingDynastyinDehuacounty,asisevidencedinthethousandsofrelics(遗迹)thatweredugout.“QuanzhouisacityofinhistoricalsignificancebecauseitpreservedthecontinuoustrackofurbanplanningandconstructionfromthelateTangDynastytotheQingDynasty,”saysShen.Expertssaythecitywillcontinuewithresearchonsomeofthesitesincludedintheprojectandcarryoutlong-termplans.12.What’sthepurposeofwritingthefirstparagraph?A.Topresentanargument.B.Toleadinthetopicofthetext.C.Toaddsomesupportingdetails.D.Toprovidebackgroundinformation.13.WhatdidpeopleinQuanzhoumainlymakeduringSongandYuandynasties?A.Silk.B.Farmproducts.C.Greentea.D.Ironandsteel.14.WhatcanweknowaboutQuanzhouinancienttimes?A.ItonceservedastheCapital.B.Itoncehelpedalotforoceantrade.C.Itwasoncetheeducationcenteroftheworld.D.ItdevelopedfastfromSongDynastytoQingDynasty.15.Inwhichsectionofanewspapermaythistextappear?A.Culture.B.Environment.C.Education.D.Health.二、七选五根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。(改编自2021·河北保定市高一期中)Sitesofculturalheritageoftencarryalargedegreeofvalue.FamousWorldHeritageSiteslikethePyramidsofGizaortheForbiddenCityinBeijingaretrulyimpressive.1Andtheyalsoshowwhatthehumanmindandhumanculturearecapableof.However,culturalrelicsaremorethanjustvaluableinart—theytellastoryofhumanhistory.Everythingthatmakesupoursociety(ourvalues,ourlanguage,ourtraditions,ourwayoflife,etc.)comesfromourancestors.2Thisisextremelyvaluablebecauseitprovidesuswithawaytounderstanddifferentculturesroundtheworldandhowtheyjoineachother.Itofferschancesforustolearnfromthepastanddevelopabetterfuture.3SomerelicswerestolenfrommuseumsinBagdadandtheIraqWarcausedgreatdamagetopartsoftheancientcityofBabylon.Theseactsarehugelyharmfultotheinternationalsociety.4Soitisimportanttosetaninternationalruletobefollowedduringawarinordertogreatlyreducetheharms toculturalrelics.5Inordertobetterprotectculturalrelics,thelawmustbeusedinallsituationseventhoughincertaincases,awarcanbewonmoreeasilybyattackingcommonpeople.A.Theyareworthprotecting.B.Theyarebeautifulpiecesofart.C.Recentlytherehavebeenmanyterribleacts.D.Culturalheritageisimportantformanyreasons.E.Culturalrelicsaretheonlymeanswehaveofconnectingwithourpast.F.Theharmsdonotonlyinfluenceourpresent-daysociety,butallofourfuture.G.Thisisthecase,forexample,withthelawsaboutattackingcommonpeopleinawar.三、完形填空阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。(改编自2021·辽宁沈阳市高三)CiudadPerdida,Colombia’s“LostCity”isolderthanMachuPicchu.Therearenotrainsorbusesallowingof1travelstoreachitsruins.Theremoteplaceisonly2onfoot:atiringmulti-dayhike.Despitethis,Icouldn’t3theopportunitytovisitCiudadPerdida.12otherhikersandIwenttherein4withalicensedguide.Thedirtpath,which5throughtoweringpalmsanddanglingvines(藤蔓),proved6rightfromthestart.Alongthewaywealsometthe7.Theyhavebeenleftundisturbedforcenturiesandthere’sadeep8betweenthemandtheland.Thenextmorning,wewereoffearlyto9theheat,buthightemperaturesandmusclepainhadalready10bythetimewereachedthefinalstage-1,200stonestepsto11.Afterfinallyliftingmypainfulbodyupthelongflightofstairs,myeyesrestedonthescenethathad12thebackbreakingjourney:CiudadPerdida.Ilookeddownandwonderedatthebeautifulsitebelow.Whilethereturntripincluded13thementalhurdle(障碍)ofhavingalreadyaccomplishedourgoal,theexperienceistheoneIwoulddo14.Itisthedifficultythatmakesthejourneyamore15one.Earnedviewsarealwaysbetter.1.A.longB.endlessC.frequentD.easy2.A.impressiveB.accessibleC.muddyD.dangerous3.A.resistB.obtainC.promoteD.grasp4.A.companyB.combinationC.harmonyD.communication 5.A.buriedB.spreadC.spunD.wound6.A.disappointingB.embarrassingC.challengingD.amazing7.A.nativesB.visitorsC.guidesD.drivers8.A.similarityB.distinctionC.bondD.expression9.A.reduceB.beatC.solveD.abandon10.A.watchedoutB.cutoffC.setinD.gavein11.A.constructB.foundC.coverD.explore12.A.decoratedB.predictedC.motivatedD.simplified13.A.overcomingB.memorizingC.observingD.researching14.A.otherwiseB.againC.thoughD.instead15.A.rewardingB.sensitiveC.popularD.flexible四、语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。(改编自2021·全国高二)DianFosseywasanAmericanzoologistwhodevoted20yearsofherlife1thestudyandprotectionofAfrica’srareandendangeredmountaingorillas.ShereceivedinstructioninfieldworkfromchimpspecialistJaneGoodall,andbegan2(watch)andrecordingthebehaviorofmountaingorillas.HerworktookhertoZaireandthentoRwanda,whereshe3(foundation)theKarisokeResearchCenter.Afteryearsof4(patience)observation,thegorillascametoknowandtrusther,andshefoundthatshecouldsitamongthegorillasandevenplay5(happy)withtheiryoung.In1980,sheattendedtheUniversityofCambridge.Afterwardsshetook6ateachingjobatCornellUniversityinNewYork,7shewroteabookcalledGorillasintheMistaboutherexperiencesinRwanda.In1984,shereturnedtotheKarisokeResearchCenter8(continue)herfieldwork.Whenherfavoritegorilla9(kill)bypoachers,Fosseystartedacampaignagainstpoaching.Sheraisedworldwide10(aware)abouttheendangeredmountaingorillas,andtheanimalsarenowprotectedbythegovernmentofRwandaandsomeinternationalorganizations,includingtheDianFosseyGorillaFund.五、写作写作(一)(2021·广东珠海市高三)假设你是李华，你看到敦煌莫高窟(MogaoCaves)的石像(stonestatue) 由于游客不文明行为而受损的新闻报道后，想为全班做一个关于保护文物古迹的课前演讲。要点如下：1.你看到这则新闻的感受2.文物古迹保护的重要性及建议3.号召保护文物古迹注意：1.词数120左右；2.可以适当增加细节，使行文连贯。3.开头和结束语已写好，不计入总词数。Goodmorning,everyone!_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Thankyouforyourtime!写作(二)阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。(2021·全国高三)AVacationwithMyMotherIhadaninterestingchildhood.Itwasfilledwithsurpriseandamusements,allbecauseofmymother-loving,sweet,yetabsent-mindedandforgetful.OnestrangefamilytripwetookwhenIwaseleventellsusalotabouther.MytwosetsofgrandparentslivedinColoradoandNorthDakota,andmyparentsdecidedtospendafewweeksdrivingtothosestatesandseeingallthesightsalongtheway.Asthefirstdayofourtipapproached,David,myeight-year-oldbrother,andIunwillinglysaidgood-byetoallofourfriends.Whoknewifwe’deverseethemagain!Finally,themomentofourdeparturearrived,andweloadedsuitcases,books,games,campingequipment,andatentintothecarandbravelydroveoff.Webravelydroveoffagaintwohourslaterafterwe'dreturnedhometogetthepurseandtraveler’schecksMomhadforgotten.DavidandIwerealwaysalittlenervouswhenusinggasstationbathroomsifMomwasdrivingwhileDadslept:“Youstandoutsidethedoorandplaylookout(放哨)whileIgo,andIwillstandoutsidethedoorandplaylookoutwhileyougo.”Ihadterriblepicturesinmymind:“Honey,wherearethekids?”“What?!Oh,GoshIthoughttheywerebeingawfullyquiet.”Wewereneveractuallyleftbehindinastrangecity,butweweren’tabouttotakeanychances.Onthefourthorfifthnight,wehadtroublefindingahotelwithavacancy.Afterdrivinginvainforsometime, Momsuddenlygotagreatidea:Whydidn’twefindahousewithalikely-lookingbackyardandaskedifwecouldsetuptentthere?DavidandIbecamenervous.Toourgreatrelief,Dadturneddowntheidea.Momnevercouldunderstandourobjections(反对).Ifastrangefamilyshoweduponherfrontdoorstep,Momwouldhavebeendelighted.Shethinkseveryoneintheworldisasniceassheis.Wefinallyfoundavacancyinthenexttown.ParagraphIThenextdaywerememberedthebrandnewtentwebroughtwithus.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Paragraph2Wedrovethroughseveralstatesandsawlotsofsightsalongtheway.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________