疫情相关高考时文阅读系列四{四篇15题附答案}A. 疫情催生新职业B.疫情期间德国城市拓宽自行车道C.历史名人在隔离期间的成就D.谷歌联手苹果研发追踪新冠病毒接触者系统AManyofusgrowupwithdreamsofbecomingascientist,teacher,doctororlawyer.Now,therearemorecareerchoicesforyoungpeople.EarlierthisMarch,theMinistryofHumanResourcesandSocialSecurityannounced16newprofessions.Someoftheseprofessionshavemadegreatcontributionsinthefightagainstthenovelcoronaviruspneumonia(NCP).HereTEENShaschosenthreeforyou.Let'stakealook.RespiratorytherapistsSincetheoutbreakoftheNCP,respiratorydiseaseshavebecomeagreatconcern.Thisiswhererespiratorytherapistscomein.AccordingtoUSNews,arespiratorytherapistcaresforpatientswhohavetroublebreathingorsufferfromheartattacks,orshock.Duetotheirfrequentcommunicationwithpatients,theyneedtobeadeptatsocializing,helpingothers,andteaching.Artificialintelligence(AI)trainersFromSiritorobotsontheassemblyline,AIhasbecomeanimportantpartofourlives.Toimproveonthistechnology,AItrainersregularlysortandadddatatoAIstoimprovetheiranalysisprocess,whichhelpsAIstobettermeetpeople'sneeds.AmidtheNCPoutbreak,AItrainersintheUS,forexample,usedartificialintelligencetolookforsocialpoststhatmentionedspecificsymptomsresemblingNCP.Then,theAIcreatedapubliclyaccessiblemapthatattemptedtolive-trackthevirus.PrefabricatedbuildingconstructorsErectingabuildingisquitecommon,butfinishingitsconstructioninashortperiod,evenwithinaweek,ishighlyunusual.However,prefabricatedbuildingconstructorscanmakethatareality.AccordingtoForbesmagazine,theycanquicklyassembleavarietyofcomponentsofastructureatamanufacturingsiteandthentransportthosesub-assembliestothelocationoftheconstructionsite.DuringtheNCPoutbreak,LeishenshanHospitalandHuoshenshanHospitalwerebuiltin14daysand10daysrespectively,thankstotheeffortsofsuchskilledconstructors.1.Whydoes respiratorytherapist becomeanewprofession?A.BecausetheoutbreakoftheNCP,morePatientswithbreathingtroubleorheartattackorshockneedcaringfor.B.BecausetheoutbreakoftheNCPnursesareinshort.C.Becausethejobiswellpaid.D.Because morepeoplelikethejob.
2.Howdo AItrailershelpAIs servethepeople better?A.TheyrepairthemwhenAIsbreakdown.B.TheyupdatetheAIstoimprovetheiranalysisprocessor.C.Theycreate newsystem.D.TheydesignnewAIs.3.Howlong didittaketobuild LeishenshanHospital duringtheNCPoutbreak?A .7days. B.10days.C.14days.D.15days.BGermancitiesareredrawingroadmarkingstocreate"pop-up"cyclelanesduringtheperiodoftheCovid-19lockdown,ascyclistsdemandmorespacetophysicallydistanceontheirwaytowork.LocalauthoritiesintheKreuzbergdistrictofBerlintriedonatemporarywideningoftwocyclelaneson27March,arguingitwouldhelpcyclistskeeptherequired1.5-metredistanceapartwhilecartrafficwasdownowingtoGermany'scoronavirusrestrictions.OnFriday,thecouncildeclaredthepilotschemeasuccessbecauseithadimprovedcyclingsafetywhilenothinderingtraffic.AnexpansionoftheschemeonfurtherroadsinKreuzberg,aswellasintheTempelhofdistricts,isplannedforthecomingweeks.Thecouncilsaidithadusedremovabletapeandmobilesignstomarkouttheexpandedlanes,whichcanberemovedwhenthecurrentrestrictionsonmovementarelifted.Residentsin133otherGermancitieshaveformallysubmittedapplicationsforsimilarpop-upbikelanestotheirlocalauthoritiesonthebackofacampaignbyEnvironmentalActionGermany(DUH),anenvironmentalNGO.Thecampaigngroupcitesnewresearchlinkingairpollutiontohighercoronavirusdeathratesasanargumentforredrawinginfrastructureacrossthecountry."Thecoronavirusisshowingusthatcleanairisanessentialasset,"saidDUH'schair,JürgenResch."Itisnowespeciallyimportanttotemporarilymakeitmoreimportantforpeopletomovesafelyontheirbikes.Thiswillhelpimproveairquality,enableexerciseinfreshairwhilekeepingasafedistanceandavoidunnecessaryaccidents."SupportersoftheschemecitetheColombiancapital,Bogotá,astheexampletofollow,wherethemayor,ClaudiaLópez,openedupnearly72miles(117km)ofnewbikeroutesinmid-Marchinthehopeofreducingcongestionandperson-to-personcontact.Germanstateshaveencouragedtheuseofbicyclesinspiteofthecurrentrestrictions,underwhichgatheringsofmorethantwopeoplearebanned,withexceptionsforfamilies."Theuseofabicycleallowscitizenstomeettherequirementsforminimisingcontact,"aspokespersonforthetransportministryinThuringiatoldtheGermannewsagencydpa.
4.WhydidlocalauthoritiesinthedistrictofBerlintrywideningtwocyclelanes?A.Becausethecyclelanesweretoonarrow.B.Becausethecyclelaneswereinbadconditions.C.Becauseitwouldhelpcycliststokeep1.5-meterdistanceapart.D.Becausemorepeoplelikecycling.5.HowmanyothercitiesinGermanhaveappliedtowidentheircyclelanes?A.133 B.134 C.140 D.1456.Whichisnotthereasonwhypeopleareencouragedtousebicycles?ACyclingcanhelpimproveairquality.BCyclingisagoodwaytoexercise.CCyclingcanhelpkeepsafedistance.DCyclingisfasterthanwalking.7.Whatdoes"Pop-up"meaninparagraph1?A.rebuild.B.repair.C.enlarge.D.widen C1.WILLIAMSHAKESPEAREShakespearewasanactorandshareholderwithTheKing'sMentheatertroupewhenthebubonicplague(黑死病瘟疫)forcedLondontheaterstocloseintheearly17thcentury.Theofficialrulewasthatafterweeks,whenthedeathtollexceeded30,publicplayhouseshadtoshutdown.Thismeantthatthetheaterindustrywasparalyzedformuchof1606.Aftersuddenlyfindinghimselfwithoutasteadyjobandlotsoffreetime,Shakespearegottowriting.HecomposedKingLear,Macbeth,andAntonyandCleopatrabeforetheyearwasover.2.ISAACNEWTONIn1665,whenNewtonwasinhisearly20s,oneofthelastmaoroutbreaksofthebubonicplaguehitthecountry.ClassesatCambridgeUniversitywerecanceled,soNewtonretreatedtohisfamilyestateroughly60milesawaytocontinuehisstudiesthere.Hedidn'thavetoworryaboutrespondingtoprofessors'emailsorvideoconferencingintoclasses,andwithzerostructure,heexcelled.Theyoungmathematicianproducedsomeofhisbestworkduringhisyearinquarantine,writingthepapersthatwouldbecomeearlycalculusanddevelopinghistheoriesonopticswhileplayingwithprismsinhisbedroom.Thiswasalsothetimewhenhistheoryofgravitybegantodevelop.Whileanapplelikelydidn'thitNewtononthehead,therewasanappletreeoutsidehiswindowthatmayhaveinspiredhisrevelation.3.EDVARDMUNCHTheScreampainterEdvardMunchdidn'tjustwitnesstheSpanishFlupandemicchangetheworldaroundhim-hewasinfectedbythediseasearoundthebeginningof1919,whilelivinginNorway.Butinsteadofbecomingoneofitsmanyvictims,Munchlivedtocontinuemakinggreatart.Assoonashefeltphysically
capable,hegatheredhispaintingsuppliesandbegancapturinghisphysicalstate.Self-PortraitwiththeSpanishFlushowshimwiththinninghairandagauntfacesittinginfrontofhissickbed.4.THOMASNASHEThomasNashewasanElizabethanplaywrightwhogainedfamearoundthesametimeasWilliamShakespeare.WhenthebubonicplaguehitLondonin1592,NashefledtotheEnglishcountrysidetoavoidinfection.ThiswasthesametimehewroteSummers'LastWillandTestament,aplaythatreflectshisexperienceslivingthroughthepandemic.5.GIOVANNIBOCCACCIOFlorentinewriterandpoetGiovanniBoccacciowaspersonallyaffectedbythebubonicplague.WhenithitFlorencein1348,bothhisfatherandstepmothersuccumbedtothedisease.BoccacciosurvivedtheoutbreakbyfleeingthecityandhidingoutintheTuscancountryside.Duringthisperiod,hewroteTheDecameron,acollectionofshort storiesaboutagroupoffriendstellingeachotherstorieswhilequarantined(隔离)insideavilladuringtheplague.8.Whowroteaplaybasedonhisexperiencelivingthroughthepandemic?A.Shakespeare B.ThomasNasheC. EdvardMunch D.GiovanniBoccaccio9.Whendid NewtonbegintodevelophistheoryofGravity?ADuringhissummerholidayhebegantodevelophistheoryofGravity.B.Duringhisyearinkeepingawayfrompeople,hebegantodevelophistheoryofGravity.CDuringhisclasses,hebegantodevelophistheoryofGravity.DDuringhiswork,hebegantodevelophistheoryofGravity.10.Whatdid EdvardMunchdowhenhewashitbytheflu?A.Hefelthopeless.B.Heonlyliedinbed.C.Hecontinuedtopaintandmadegreatart,althoughhewasill.D.Hedidn'tlikepaintinganymore.11.Whowroteacollectionofshortstories.whilequarantined?A.Shakespeare B.ThomasNasheC. EdvardMunch D.GiovanniBoccaccioDTechgiantsAppleandGoogleareteaminguptocreateasystemthatwouldletsmartphoneusersknowwhenthey'vecomeintocontactwithsomeonewhohasCOVID-19.ThetechnologywouldrelyontheBluetoothsignalsthatsmartphonescanbothsendoutandreceive.IfapersontestspositiveforCOVID-19,theycouldnotifypublichealthauthoritiesthroughanapp.Thosepublichealthappswouldthenalertanyonewhosesmartphoneshadcomeneartheinfectedperson'sphoneintheprior14days.
ThetechnologycouldbeusedonbothGoogleAndroidphonesandAppleiPhones.Thecompaniesinsistthattheywillpreservesmartphoneusers'privacy.Smartphoneusersmustoptintouseit.Thesoftwarewillnotcollectdataonusers'physicallocationsortheirpersonallyidentifiableinformation.Peoplewhotestpositivewouldremainanonymous,bothtothepeoplewhocameincontactwiththemandtoAppleandGoogle."Privacy,transparency,andconsentareofutmostimportanceinthiseffort,"thecompaniessaidinajointstatement.TheAmericanCivilLibertiesUnionhaswarnedthatusingcellphonedatatoaddressthepandemiccarriesrisksof"invasionsofprivacy,abuse,andstigmatization."InastatementonFriday,ACLUsurveillanceandcybersecuritycounselJenniferGranicksaid,"Nocontacttracingappcanbefullyeffectiveuntilthereiswidespread,free,andquicktestingandequitableaccesstohealthcare.Thesesystemsalsocan'tbeeffectiveifpeopledon'ttrustthem."ShesaidthatthejointAppleandGoogleproject"appearstomitigatetheworstprivacyandcentralizationrisks,butthereisstillroomforimprovement."Sheaddedthatcontacttracingappsshouldbe"voluntaryanddecentralized,andusedonlyforpublichealthpurposesandonlyforthedurationofthispandemic."GoogleandApplesaytheirtechnologywillbeusedonlybypublichealthauthoritiestotracethespreadofCOVID-19.Publichealthofficialssayrobustcontacttracing-findingpeoplewhohavebeenincontactwithaninfectedperson-willbeakeystepinliftingshelter-in-placerestrictions.Itwouldallowpeoplewhoareknowntohavebeenexposedtothevirustoquarantineorisolatethemselves,whilelettingothersresumenormalactivities.AteamatMITalsohasbeenworkingonacontact-tracingsystemthatsimilarlyusesBluetoothsignalstoidentifywhenpeoplehavecomeneareachother.AppleandGooglearerollingouttheircontact-tracingtechnologyintwosteps.Inmid-May,theywillreleasesoftwarethatwillletpublichealthauthoritiesbuildappsthatexchangeinformationviaBluetooth.Inthecomingmonths,theywillupdatetheiroperatingsystemssophonescanshareinformationwithouthavingtoinstallanapp.12.WhatsystemwillGoogleandApplecreate?A.TheywillcreateasystemtohelptestCOVID-19virus.B.TheywillcreateasystemtotreatpatientswithCOVID-19.C.TheywillcreateasystemtohelpfindCOVID-19virus.D.TheywillcreateasystemtotracethespreadofCOVID-19.13.Fromwhat JenniferGranicksaid,weknowthat___.A.Thesystemscanbeeffectiveevenifpeopledon'ttrustthem.B.Thesystemsareperfectinprotectingpeople'sprivacy.
C.Thesystemsshouldbeusedonlyforpublichealthypurposesandshouldnotbeusedafter thepandemic.D.Thesystemsshouldbeusedallthetime.14.Whatwouldthetechnologydependon?A.ItwoulddependontheBluetoothsignalstoidentify.B.Itwoulddependonthevoiceassistant.C.ItwoulddependontheWiFitosendsignals.D.Itwoulddependonaspecialdevice.15.Whichstatementiswrongaccordingtothepassage?A.ThetechnologycouldbeusedonbothGoogleAndroidphonesandAppleiPhones.B.NootherteamexceptAppleandGoogleisworkingonthetrackingtracingsystem.C.In mid-May,phonescan'tshareinformationwithout apps.D.Inthecomingmonths,itisnotnecessaryforphonestoinstallappstoshareinformation.keys:1-3ABC4-7CADD8-11BBCD12-15DCAB
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