UNIT3DiverseCultures三言两语1.I'vebeenlongingtogotoAmerica,mainlyfortworeasons.OneisthatIcanexperienceAmericanculture,whichisbelievedtobethemostdiverseintheworld.TheotheristhatIcanbroadenmyhorizonsinthisdevelopedcountry.2.Inaword,itishightimeforustotreasureanddevelopourownvaluableculture.3.Thankstothetour,notonlyhaveweimprovedourspeakingskills,butwe'vealsogotabetterunderstandingofBritishculture.1.各种各样的食物和小吃让你有机会体验中国丰富多样的饮食文化。It_isdifferentkindsoffoodsandsnacksthat_give_you_the_chance_to_experienceabundantChinesefoodculture.2.得知你下学期作为交换生到我校学习，我非常高兴。I'm_very_delighted_to_hear_thatyouwillcometoourschoolasanexchangestudentnextterm.核心单词[默写识记]根据汉语释义写出单词 1.admitvi.&vt.承认vt.准许进入(或加入) 2.occurvi.发生；出现3.selectvt.选择；挑选；选拔4.escapevi.&vt.逃走；逃脱；避开n.逃跑；逃脱；解脱5.suitvt.适合；满足……需要；相配；合身n.西服；套装6.containvt.包含；含有；容纳7.earnvt.&vi.挣得；赚得；赢得；博得8.seriesn.一系列；连续；接连9.materialn.材料；布料；素材adj.物质的；实际的10.claimvt.&n.夺取(生命)；宣称；断言11.historicaladj.(有关)历史的12.seekvt.&vi.寻找；寻求；争取；(向人)请求13.minorityn.少数民族；少数派；少数人
14.itemn.项目；一件商品(或物品)；一条(新闻)15.neatadj.极好的；整洁的；整齐的[语境运用]用所给词的适当形式填空 1.(2020·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)JenniferMauerhasneededmorewillpowerthanthetypicalcollegestudenttopursuehergoalofearning(earn)anursingdegree.2.Muchtomyrelief,mysonwas_admitted(admit)toakeyuniversity.3.(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)Wearetheproductsofevolution,andnotjustevolutionthatoccurred(occur)billionsofyearsago.4.Daffwas_selected(select)fromthewholeclasstogoonthetrip.5.Thecatswerefedanormaldiet,containing(contain)20%protein.续表拓展单词[词汇变形]根据汉语释义写出单词及其变化形式 1.diverseadj.不同的；多种多样的→diversityn.差异(性)；不同(点)；多样性2.fortunen.机会；运气→fortunateadj.幸运的→fortunatelyadv.幸运地3.financialadj.财政的；财务的；金融的→financen.财政；财务4.poetryn.诗集；诗歌；诗作→poetn.诗人→poemn.诗歌5.poisonn.毒物；毒药；毒素vt.毒死；毒害→poisonousadj.引起中毒的；有毒的；分泌毒素的6.collectionn.作品集；收集物；收藏品→collectv.收集；收藏→collectiveadj.集体的；共同的7.percentagen.百分率；百分比→percentn.百分之……8.mild_adj.温和的；和善的；轻微的→mildlyadv.温和地9.construction_n.建筑；建造；建造物；(句子、短语等的)结构→constructv.建筑；建造→constructiveadj.建设性的；积极的10.definitelyadv.肯定；确实→definiteadj.清楚的；明确的；确定的；确切的11.settlevt.&vi.定居；结束(争论)；解决(纠纷)→settlementn.协议；和解；定居点；殖民；移民；开拓→settlern.移民；殖民者，开拓者[语境运用]用所给词的适当形式填空 1.Yesterday,hewas_poisonedbecauseofexposuretopoisonouschemicals.Luckily,hewasrushedtothehospitalandsavedintime.(poison)2.ItwasfortunateformethatImadealargefortunewhenIwasabroad.Butunfortunately,onthewayhome,Ilostthemoney,whichmademeveryupset.(fortune)3.ThisisacollectionofpoetrywhichwaswrittenbyalotoffamouspoetsintheTangDynasty.(poet)4.Hegavesomeconstructivesuggestionsonhowto_constructtheofficebuildingand
nowitisunderconstruction.(construct)阅读单词【教师用书独具】1.chipn.(英)炸土豆条；(美)炸薯片；芯片；碎片 2.cheesen.干酪；奶酪3.spicyadj.加有香料的；辛辣的4.ethnicadj.具有民族特色的；异国风味的；民族的；种族的5.downtownadv.在市中心；往市中心6.missionn.传教(区)；重要任务；使命7.districtn.地区；区域8.graffitin.[pl.]_涂鸦；胡写乱画9.comicn.连环画杂志；漫画杂志；喜剧演员adj.滑稽的；使人发笑的10.afterwardsadv.以后；后来11.immigrantn.(外来)移民；外侨12.chinan.瓷；瓷器13.jazzn.爵士乐14.barn.酒吧；小吃店；小馆子15.diagramn.简图；图解；图表；示意图16.journaln.日志；日记；报纸；刊物17.jeansn.牛仔裤18.bootn.靴子19.mushroomn.蘑菇；蕈20.foldvt.包；裹；折叠vt.&vi.(可)折小；(可)叠平21.superadv.特别；格外adj.顶好的；超级的22.accessoryn.配饰；附件；配件23.souvenirn.纪念物；纪念品24.climaten.气候25.clothingn.衣服；服装26.herbaladj.药草的；香草的熟词生义1.(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)CallLostPropertyon131617duringbusinesshoursforitemslostonQueenslandRailservices.一件商品(或物品)2.(2019·北京卷)Credibilityishardtoearnbuteasytolose,andtheproblemisonlygoingtogetharderfromhereonout.获得；得到3.(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)Alunchtimeescapeallowshertokeepabossfromtappingherontheshoulder.避开
4.Thedininghalltobecompletednextmonthcanadmit1,000students.容纳5.Buthewasburstingwithcuriosity,andonedayhejustcouldn'tcontainhimself.“Whatareyougoingtodo？”heasked.克制；抑制(感情)高频短语短语应用1.head_to(朝……)前进；(向……)去2.seek_one's_fortune寻找成功致富之路；闯世界3.bring_about导致；引起4.to_name_but_a_few仅举几例5.(at)_first_hand第一手；亲自6.earn_a_living谋生7.series_of一系列或一连串(事件)8.apart_from除了……外(还)；此外 [语境运用1]填入一个适当的词 1.Toearnaliving,manypeoplewenttobuildtherailwaythatjoinedCaliforniatothewesternregionofthecountry.2.Idon'twanttosetdownaseriesoffactsinadiaryasmostpeopledo.3.Apartfromtheprice,wealsoneedtothinkaboutwhereitissituatedwhenbuyingahouse.[语境运用2]填入一个适当的词 Thelocalcompanygotclosed,whichbrought1.abouttheresultthatmanypeoplewereoutofwork,includingTony.Inordertoseekhis2.fortuneinthebigcity,heheaded3.tothetrainstationandsetoffbyhimself.教材原句背诵句式仿写应用1.Itislikelythat...ItislikelythatNativeAmericansmovedtoCaliforniaatleastfifteenthousandyearsago.如果你不懂得中国的餐桌礼仪，你将让你的朋友感到尴尬。It_is_likely_thatyouwillmakeyourfriendsfeelembarrassedifyoudon'tknowChinesetablemanners.2.独立主格结构Therearesomanybeautifuloldbuildings—manysittingontopofbighills,offeringgreatviewsofthecity,theocean,andtheGoldenGateBridge.由于如此多的人缺席，会议不得不推迟。So_many_people_being_absent,themeetinghadtobeputoff.
1.fortunen.机会；运气；命运；财产；巨款(1)makeafortune发财seekone'sfortune寻找出路tryone'sfortune碰运气(2)fortunateadj.幸运的；运气好的befortunateindoing/todosth.幸运做某事(3)fortunatelyadv.幸运地fortune作“机会；运气”讲时，为不可数名词；作“财产”讲时，为可数名词。[词块]bringfameandfortunetoscientists给科学家们带来了名誉和财富seek/goafterfameandfortune追名逐利afortunatecolour喜庆的颜色单句语法填空①(2020·天津卷)Fortunately(fortunate),curiosityanddiscontentdon'thavetobelearned.Wearebornwiththemandneedonlyrecapturethem.②(北京卷)Wearefortunate(fortune)thatinsuchalarge,highpressureofficeweallgetalongsowell.句式升级(普通表达)SheisfortunatetohaveagoodteacherandhehelpsheralotwithEnglish.③(高级表达)It_is_fortunate_thatshehasagoodteacher,who_helpsheralotwithEnglish.(it作形式主语和定语从句)2.admitvi.&vt.承认vt.准许进入(或加入)(1)admit(doing/havingdone)sth.承认(做了)某事admitsb./sth.tobe＋adj./n.承认……是……(2)admitsb.into/to...允许某人进入/加入……(3)admissionn.准许进入；入场费；承认[词块]admitallhismistakes承认了他的全部错误admithisguilt认罪单句语法填空①Sheapologisedtomeandadmittedtaking/having_taken(take)myumbrellabymistake.②NewscamefromtheschoolofficethatWangLinhadbeenadmittedto/intoPekingUniversity.
句型转换Withsomuchevidenceagainsther，Maryhadtoadmithermistake.③Withsomuchevidenceagainsther,Maryhadtoadmit_making/having_made_a_mistake.(admitdoingsth.)④Withsomuchevidenceagainsther,Maryhadtoadmit_that_she_had_made_a_mistake.(admit＋that从句)3.occurvi.发生；出现(1)sth.occurstosb.某事浮现在某人的脑海中；某人想到某事Itoccurstosb.that...某人突然想起……Itoccurstosb.todosth.某人突然想起做某事(2)occurrencen.发生的事；事件；发生；出现[词块]agoodideaoccurredtome我突然想出了一个好主意单句语法填空①(江苏卷)Yearsago，acriticaleventoccurred_(occur)inmylifethatwouldchangeitforever.②Itneveroccurredtoherto_ask(ask)anyoneforhelpwhenshewasintrouble.一句多译他忽然想起他把钥匙忘在办公室里了。③It_occurred_to_him_thathehadlefthiskeysintheoffice.(occur)④It_hit_him_thathehadlefthiskeysintheoffice.(hit)⑤It_struck_him_thathehadlefthiskeysintheoffice.(strike)4.escapevi.&vt.逃走；逃脱；避开n.逃跑；逃脱；解脱(1)escape(doing)sth.逃脱(做)某事escapefrom/outof...从……逃跑/逃走(2)haveanarrowescape九死一生[词块]escapefromtheforest逃出森林afireescape安全门单句语法填空①Whoeverbreaksthelawwon'tescapepunishment/being_punished(punish)．②Heoncehadanarrowescapefromtheadventuroussport,sohedoesn'tdaretotryitagain.完成句子那位女士带着她的小宝宝设法从大火中逃了出来，她既极度恐惧又疲惫。③Thewomanmanagedtoescape_from_the_firewithherbaby,extremelyterrifiedandexhausted.
5.settlevt.&vi.定居；结束(争论)；解决(纠纷)(1)settlein/intosth.适应(新家、工作、环境等)settlein...在……居住settledown定居；平静下来settledownto(doing)sth.专心于(做)某事(2)settlern.移民；殖民者(3)settlementn.安顿；定居点；解决；协议[词块]settleinthebigcity在大城市中定居下来settledowntobusiness安家立业单句语法填空①(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)Thecitywascrowdedwithdisappointedpeoplewithnointerestinsettlingdown,andwhentheyheardtherewerenewgolddiscoveriesinAlaska,theyleftDawsonCityasquicklyastheyhadcome.②(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)Peoplesettleintheseplacesbecausetheyareeasytogettoandnaturallysuitedtocommunicationsandtrade.句式升级(普通表达)BecauseIhavealotofdifficultproblemstosettle,Iwon'tcometothepartythisevening.③(高级表达)With_a_lot_of_difficult_problems_to_settle,Iwon'tcometothepartythisevening.(with复合结构)6.suitvt.适合；满足……需要；相配；合身n.西服；套装(1)suitsb.(fine)(很)合某人的意；对某人(很)合适suit...to...使……适合/适应……suitoneself随自己的意愿行事；自便(2)suitableadj.适当的；相配的besuitablefor/befitfor适合；胜任besuitabletodo...适合做……[词块]asuitofclothes一套衣服wearadarksuit穿着一套深色衣服asuitableplaceforapicnic适合野餐的地方单句语法填空①(2020·江苏卷)Ifyoulookatallsidesofthesituation,you'llfindprobablyasolutionthatsuits(suit)everyone.
②Shehadtheabilitytosuitherperformancetodifferentaudience,whichamazedus.③Inmyopinion,makingasuitable(suit)timetableisnecessaryandimportantforustomakegooduseofourtime.一句多译(2018·浙江卷)因为我精通英语，我的确认为我适合这项志愿者工作。④Idobelievethisvoluntaryworksuits_me,becauseIhaveagoodknowledgeofEnglish.(suit)⑤IdobelieveIam_suitable_for/am_fit_forthisvoluntarywork,becauseIhaveagoodknowledgeofEnglish.(suitable/fit)7.containvt.包含；含有；容纳；控制(1)containsth.包含某事物containoneself控制自己；自制containone'sanger/laughter抑制怒火/发笑(2)containern.容器；集装箱；货柜[辨析]contain/include易混词区别contain通常用来指某容器中盛有某物、装有某物；还可以指某种物质中含有某种成分或含有其他物质，指作为部分而被包含或容纳在内。include通常表示把某事物作为其中的一部分包括在内，在句中常构成分词短语sth.included或includingsth.。单句语法填空①(2020·江苏卷)Theclassexperimentthatdaywastoshowhowheatingacontainer(contain)ofwaterwouldbringairbubbling(冒泡)tothesurface.②Whencondors(秃鹰)eatdeadbodiesofotheranimalscontaining(contain)lead,theyabsorblargequantitiesoflead.一句多译这个镇有几十家工厂，其中包括一家电厂和一家钢厂。③Thetownhasdozensoffactories,includingapowerplantandasteelwork.④Thetownhasdozensoffactories,apowerplantandasteelworkincluded.8.bringabout导致；引起bringup培养；抚养；养育；教育；提出；呕吐bringdown使倒下；降低bringin引入；赚钱bringback归还；带回；(事物)使记起；恢复
bringout使显现出；取出；阐明；出版用bring短语的正确形式填空①Idon'tclearlyrememberwhobrought_upthequestionbutclearlyrememberitbrought_aboutaheateddiscussion.②Thereasonwhythegoodsaresoldatsuchlowpricesisthatthemanufacturersarewillingtobring_downpricesinreturnforthebigvolumeofpurchases.③Thepictureoftenbrings_backtomemanyhappymemoriesofmyhighschooldays.完成句子有人担心空气污染会造成全世界气候变化。④Somepeoplefearthatairpollutionmaybring_about_changesintheweatheraroundtheworld.9.独立主格结构(教材原文)Therearesomanybeautifuloldbuildings—manysittingontopofbighills,offeringgreatviewsofthecity,theocean,andtheGoldenGateBridge.这里有许多美丽的古老建筑，许多建筑坐落在大山的山顶上，从那里可以欣赏城市、海洋和金门大桥的美丽风景。独立主格结构的常用结构及用法(1)逻辑主语＋(being＋)名词/形容词/副词/介词(短语)(此处的being通常可以省略)(2)逻辑主语＋doing(表示主动或动作正在进行，逻辑主语与do之间为主动关系)(3)逻辑主语＋done(表示被动或动作已完成，逻辑主语与do之间为被动关系)(4)逻辑主语＋havingdone/havingbeendone(havingbeendone中的havingbeen可以省略；分词所表示的动作发生在句子谓语动词所表示的动作之前)(5)逻辑主语＋不定式(表示动作还没有发生或即将发生)(6)there/itbeing＋其他成分(多置于句首，也可置于句尾，常表示原因；此处的being不可省略)独立主格结构有时可以和with复合结构互换。这么多人缺席，会议不得不取消。Somanypeople(being)absent,themeetinghadtobecalledoff.(独立主格结构)Withsomanypeopleabsent,themeetinghadtobecalledoff.(with复合结构)[金句](2020·天津卷)BeforeVinniecouldsayyes,thePresidenthurriedon,ashadeofapologyinhisvoice.温妮还没来得及答应，总统就匆匆走了，声音里带着一丝歉意。单句语法填空①Henrywaslisteningattentivelytothelecture,allhisattentionfocused(focus)onit.②Weatherpermitting(permit),wewillvisitMountTai.
③ManypeoplecometovisittheGreatWalleveryyear,manyofthembeing(be)foreigners.句式升级(普通表达)Thelittleboyenteredtheroomandhisfacewasredwithcold.④(高级表达)Thelittleboyenteredtheroom,hisface(being)_red_with_cold.(独立主格结构)(普通表达)Aftertheprojectwasfinished,webegantoenjoyalongholiday.⑤(高级表达)Theprojectfinished,webegantoenjoyalongholiday.(独立主格结构)(普通表达)Becausetherewerenobuses,Ihadtowalkhome.⑥(高级表达)There_being_no_buses,Ihadtowalkhome.(独立主格结构)用所给词的正确形式填空1.(天津卷)SheaskedmewhetherIhadreturnedthebookstothelibrary,andIadmitted(admit)thatIhadn't.2.Iwaslate,butfortunately(fortune)themeetinghadn'tstarted.3.Anunexpectedstormoccurred(occur)whenwewereenjoyingthepleasantvoyageattheYellowSea.4.Theymanagedto_escape(escape)fromtheburningbuildingbybreakingopenthedoor.5.Withalotofdifficultproblemsto_settle(settle),thenewlyelectedpresidentishavingahardtime.在空白处填入一个适当的词1.Afterthenewpresidentcametopower,hetookaseriesofmeasurestoimprovepeople'slife.2.(2018·天津卷)Thetrainingschedule,apartfromregulartraining,includesjoininginavarietyofactivities,suchasparticipatinginsomenationalcompetitions.3.Whatisknowntousallisthatonlyactionscanbringaboutchanges.4.Itmustbeagreatcomforttoyoutohaveallthenewsatfirsthand.5.Atthebeginningofthisinspectioneverythingseemedtobeingoodorderonthesurface.查缺补漏1.Whenheopenedtheschoolbag,hefoundthatitcontained(contain)twobooks,apenandaneraser.2.WesawdesignsforthebuildingbyKate,Tom,Gina,tonamebutafew.3.It'sreportedthatthecoachwill_select(select)twelvebasketballplayerstotakepartinthe
sportsmeeting.4.Janemusthavehadthediseaseverymildly(mild)assheshowednosymptoms.5.Nowwearefacedwiththetaskofconstruction(construct),andmustmasterallmodernknowledgebeforeallelse.【教师用书独具】单元话题语篇练Teaiswhatunitesmanycultures,andatthesametimesetsthemapart.GreenTea,China.Itissaid1.thatteawasfirstdiscoveredbytheChineseemperorShennongthousandsofyearsago,whenadeadleaffromateabush2.fell(fall)intohiscupofhotwater.OneofChina'smostpopular—greentea—3.is_consumed(consume)onbothcasualandformaloccasions,andithasgainedworldwidepopularityasa4.healthy(health)tea.HighTeaandAfternoonTea,UK.EnglishHighTeausuallyinvolvesteawithaccompanimentssuchasbread,piesandcheeseandwas5.originally(original)aworkingclassmealservedattheendoftheworkday,around5p．m.By6.comparison(compare),AfternoonTeaisasocialeventthatisenjoyedmainlybythemiddleandupperclasses.KoichaandUsucha,Japan.Japanesecultureisknown7.foritstearituals(仪式),onebeing“chado”(thewayoftea).Thecompleteceremonylastsfourhours,8.containing(contain)alightmealfollowedbyaservingof“koicha”(thicktea)and“usucha”(lighttea)．Mint(薄荷)Tea,Morocco.9.Arefreshingmixtureofgreenandmintleaves,thedrinkissweetenedwithsugar.10.To_form(form)afoamy(泡沫的)head,peoplepourthedrinkintoglassesfromaheight.单元话题写作练1.补全要点句(黑体部分请使用本单元所学词汇)①众所周知，自从1978年改革以来，中国经历了移民大潮。Asweallknow,Chinahasexperiencedimmigrationmovementssincethereformin1978.②据报道，成千上万的农民从农村朝城市奔去。Itisreportedthatthousandsoffarmersfromthecountrysidehaveheaded_tothecities.③尽管辛苦，大部分人想去城市碰碰运气。Mostofthemwantedtoseek_their_fortuneinthecitiesdespitegreathardship.④他们承认起初谋生时很不容易。Theyadmittedthatitwasnotthateasytoearn_a_livingatfirst.⑤他们努力工作，了解一系列赚钱的方法。Theyworkedhardandlearnedabouta_series_ofmethodstoearnmoney.⑥有些农民开始适应那里的生活，甚至申请到了城市居民权，享受和当地人一样的权利。Somebegantoadapt_tothelifethereandevenhaveappliedfortherighttoliveinthecityand
enjoythesamerightsasthelocalpeople.⑦他们通过努力工作为城市的繁荣带来了很大的变化，自己也过上了幸福的生活。Theyhavebrought_aboutgreatchangestotheboomofthecitiesbymeansofworkinghardandlivedahappylife.2.升级平淡句(1)用themajority和“of＋whom”引导的非限制性定语从句合并1中句②和句③Itisreportedthatthousandsoffarmersfromthecountrysidehaveheadedtothecities,themajorityofwhomwantedtoseektheirfortuneinthecitiesdespitegreathardship.(2)用介词短语作状语合并1中句⑤和句⑥Byworkinghardandlearningaboutaseriesofmethodstoearnmoney,somebegantoadapttothelifethereandevenhaveappliedfortherighttoliveinthecityandenjoythesamerightsasthelocalpeople._3.衔接成文Asweallknow,Chinahasexperiencedimmigrationmovementssincethereformin1978.Itisreportedthatthousandsoffarmersfromthecountrysidehaveheadedtothecities,themajorityofwhomwantedtoseektheirfortuneinthecitiesdespitegreathardship.Theyadmittedthatitwasnotthateasytoearnalivingatfirst.However,byworkinghardandlearningaboutaseriesofmethodstoearnmoney,somebegantoadapttothelifethereandevenhaveappliedfortherighttoliveinthecityandenjoythesamerightsasthelocalpeople.Apartfromthese,theyhavebroughtaboutgreatchangestotheboomofthecitiesbymeansofworkinghardandlivedahappylife.
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