基础巩固Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．TheforeignersaidthattheGreatWallwasthemostexcitingsightthathehadseen(see)inhislife.2．Papercutsusedfordecoration(decorate)areoftenseenonwindowsandgatesduringthefestivals.3．It’ssaidthattherearesomeraretreasuresonexhibition(exhibit)recently；let’shavealook.4．Thewomansaidthatpaintingsvalued(value)atover$200,000hadbeenstolenfromherhome.5．Anyoneprovidinginformationwhichleadstotherecoveryofthepaintingwillberewarded(reward)．6．DuringWorldWarⅡ，whenLondonwasbombed，manyundergroundstationsfunctionedasbombshelters.7．Theoldexpertsaidthatitwaseachcitizen’sdutytoprotect(protect)culturalrelics.8．Theoldtownisonthesideofamountainandthemountain’speakiscovered(cover)withsnowallyearround.9．Thereisnodoubtthattheseculturerelicsbelonging(belong)tothestateshouldbereturned.10．Itisbelieved(believe)thatitistheearliestandlargestancientpapermakingworkshopsiteeverfound.Ⅱ.单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误)11．Visitinganoldcityyouhaveneverbeentobeforecanbeagreatfun.12．MountTaiisoneofthemostattractivethatattractalotofvisitorsinChina.13.youcanimagine，it’simpossibletocompletethegreatprojectwithoutlargecrowds’hardwork.14．Culturalrelicsarephysicalremindersofdifferentpeoplevaluedinthepastandcontinuetovaluenow.15．Americanwomenusuallyidentifytheirbestfriendassomeonewhomtheycantalkfrequently.16．Nooneknowswhatwas\happenedtotheoldtempleduringtheolddays.能力提升Ⅲ.阅读理解
AChina’s40yearlongprocessofreformandopeningupmeantforeigninfluencesgainingafootholdinthecountry.Butnow，theprocesscanalsobeviewedintheoppositeway.TheoutsideworldisopeningupasareceptacleforChineseculture.WhereonceitwasallamatterofChinesepeoplefascinatedbyHollywoodmovies，anew“softpower”trendistakingChinesepopmusic，TVseriesandnovelstoappreciativeaudiencesabroad.EnglishwomanHollieSowdenandAmericanNoraWilsondevelopedawebsitecalled“WrittenChinese”，withaChinesewomannamedChamcenLiu.ThewebsiteprovidesadictionaryandotherMandarinlearningtools.Wilsonsays，“Atthebeginning，itwasjustaFacebookpagewherewepostedcharacters，theirmeaningsandexamplesentences.Thatpageexpandedlikecrazy，withnearly280,000followers.That’swhywedecidedtodevelopadictionaryappandthenthewebsite.”SowdenandWilsonaren’ttheonlyeagertotapworldinterestinChina.Yearsago，groupsformedintheUStoprovideEnglishsubtitlesforpopularChineseTVdramas.TherearealsowebsitestranslatingChinesenovels，especiallyfantasyseries.WuxiaworldandGravityTalesaretwoexamples，withtensofthousandsoffollowersontheirFacebookpages.Chinesemusic，too，iswalkingthroughtheopendoorthatoncewasaonewaystreet.MelodyC2EisastudentclubattheShanghaiInternationalStudiesUniversity，whichistryingtospreadChinesepopsongstotheworld.Itnowhasaround300,000subscribers.Theinspirationisrootedin2016，whenPanJianghaoheardayouthenvoy(公使)fortheUnitedNationssaythattheworldwantedtohearmorefromChineseyoungpeople.Motivatedbyhiswords，PanandLinHongyingdecidedtofoundanewmusicalgroupandshareChinesepopsongswiththerestoftheworldviaEnglishtranslation.语篇解读 本文是说明文。文章介绍了随着中国改革开放的不断推进，外界也在接受中国的文化。1．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“receptacle”inParagraph1probablymean?A．Container.B．Source.C．Center.D．Foundation.答案 A解析 词义猜测题。根据画线词前面的内容可知，中国长达40年的改革开放进程意味着外国在中国有一定的影响力，但现在，也可以用相反的方式看待这一进程。外部世界正在对中国开放，结合选项可知，A项与画线词意思相近，表示外国也成为了接受中国文化的“容器”。故选A。2．Whatdoweknowabout“WrittenChinese”？
A．Ithasnearly280,000followers.B．IthelpslearnChinesecharacters.C．ItinvolvesdailylivinginChina.D．Itisdevelopedbytwoforeigners.答案 B解析 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Thewebsiteprovidesadictionaryand...tools.”可知，该网站提供了词典和其他普通话学习工具。由此可推知，这个网站帮助了外国人学习汉字。故选B。3．WhywasMelodyC2Esetup?A．TomotivateChineseyoungpeople.B．TopreserveChinesetraditionalsongs.C．Toimproveitsmembers’translationskills.D．TointroduceChinesepopsongstotheglobe.答案 D解析 细节理解题。根据第五段第二句可知，MelodyC2E是上海外国语大学的一个学生俱乐部，它努力向世界传播中文流行歌曲。故选D。4．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．ForeignWebsiteswithaChineseTouchB．CompetitionLeadingtoaCultureBoomC．China’sCulturalFootprintonForeignShoresD．ReformandOpeningUpShapingaNewGeneration答案 C解析 标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章介绍了随着中国改革开放的不断推进，外界也在接受中国的文化。故选C。BPeopleoftentalkaboutculturaldifferencesbetweenwesternandeasterncountries，buthowaboutthewesternworlditself？Surprisingly，acloserlookatitcanrevealagoodmanycuriousdetails.ThemostobviouscharacteristicofthemajorityofAmericansisthattheysmilealot.Itdoesnotmatterwhethertheyhaveastrongreasontosmile；theydoit，sometimessimplybecausetheyhaveto.Asmileisnotjustapowerfulmarketingtoolbutalsoawaytoshowthatsomeoneisfriendly，andthatlifeingeneralisfine.Europeans，onthecontrary，prefertokeepamoreneutral(不露声色的)facialexpression.Theysmilemostlywhentheyareinagoodmood，orfeelamused；ifnot，aEuropean’sfacewillremainneutral，orevendull.InRussia，forexample，thereisaproverb
sayingthatlaughingfornoreasonisasignofafool.ItdoesnotmeanthatEuropeansareserious，orthattheydonothaveasenseofhumor.Thesamereferstocommunicationingeneral.Americansareextremelycommunicative；smalltalkandchatsarecommon.Europeanstalkmostlywhenthereissomethingtosay，andrarelyentercommunicationjustforthepurposeoftalkingtootherpeople.Americanpeopleprefertoexpresswhattheythinkcarefully，consideringhowitmightaffectsurroundingpeople.Europeansaremorestraightforward，evenwithunfamiliarpeople.AEuropeanfriendwillalmostalwaysvoicetheiropinionsondifferentoccasions，andwillnothesitatetoremindyouthatyouneedtolosesomeweightortakeashower.ItcanbesaidthatAmericansarepeopleofcontrasts.Theyareopenminded，flexible，andreadytoaccepteverythingnewenthusiastically；butatthesametime，Americansocietymanagestobringupunbelievableconservatives.Americansareextremelypoliticallycorrect，which，inmostcases，isindeedasecureandbeneficialpractice，butitcanalsomessupdailyorevenprivatecommunication，sometimespreventinghavingcloserelationships.Europeans，onthecontrary，aremorestraightforward，preferringtotellthetruthindirectways.Eachwayofcommunicationisdifferent—neitheriscorrectorincorrect.语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章通过对比美国人和欧洲人性格、交往方面的不同来说明西方国家之间也存在着文化差异。5．Whatdoestheauthorsayaboutsmiling?A．Itisculturerelatedwithinwesterncountries.B．Itisapowerfulmarketingtoolacrosscultures.C．ItisthoughtofasasignofafoolinAmerica.D．ItisregardedasbeingsociallynecessaryinEurope.答案 A解析 推理判断题。根据第一段第一句可知，人们经常谈论西方和东方国家的文化差异，但是西方世界本身呢？第二段通过对比美国人和欧洲人在对微笑的理解上的不同来分析西方人的文化差异。由此可知，作者认为微笑与西方国家的自身文化有关。故选A。6．WhatistypicalofEuropeans’communication?A．Beatingaroundthebush.B．Havingsmalltalkandchats.C．Hidingtheirfeelingscarefully.D．Expressingthemselvesopenly.答案 D解析 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Europeansaremorestraightforward，evenwithunfamiliar
people.”可知，欧洲人更加坦率，直截了当，即他们更倾向于公开表达自己的想法。故选D。7．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inthelastparagraphreferto?A．Beingstraightforward.B．Beingpoliticallycorrect.C．Acceptingeverythingnew.D．Raisingunbelievableconservatives.答案 B解析 代词指代题。由but表示转折可知，it指代的是本句话中前面出现的内容，即“Americansareextremelypoliticallycorrect”一事，意为“美国人是明哲保身的”，which引导的非限制性定语从句是对这一行为的肯定，这与but之后的内容在逻辑上是转折关系。故选B。8．Howisthetextmainlydeveloped?A．Byanalyzingcauseandeffect.B．Bymakingcomparisons.C．Byclassifyingbodylanguage.D．Bydiscussingresearchfindings.答案 B解析 推理判断题。文章通过对比美国人和欧洲人在微笑、交往上的不同来说明西方国家之间也存在文化差异，因此这是通过做比较的方法来组织文章的思路的。故选B。Ⅳ.完形填空MevanBabakarhadadifficultstartinlife.Herparents1IraqduringtheGulfWarinthe1990s，travellingthroughTurkeyandRussiauntilthefamilyreachedtheNetherlandsandspentayearinarefugee(难民)camp.Althoughshewasachild，sheusedtothinkitcouldbethe2ofworldeveryday.Lifewasdarkandfuture，toher，wasa3thatwouldnevercometrue.However，shenever4therefugeecampworkerallthoseyearsago.Thatday，watchingotherchildrenplaying，runningandshoutingonthegroundinthecamp，she，5，stoodthereintheoldcoatandwoollencap，andwithadirtyface.Their6andhappinessmadeherfindherselfnowheretogo.Hecameinto7，pushingared，shinybikeonthedirtroad.Outofthekindnessofhisownheart，hecametoher，sayingtoher，“It’s8you.”Thefiveyearoldheartexplodedwith9.Shecouldhardlybelieveherears.Shelaughed10，coveringhermouthwithherdirtyhands.Fromthenon，shebelievedthattherewouldbe11；therewouldbechances，maybevery12，butchanceswouldbethere.Mevan，todayaged29，nowworksforafactcheckingcharityandlives13inLondon.Shedecidedto14themanandpostedanoldphotoofthetwooftheminthecamponTwitter.To
her15，within36hoursthecharityworker，Egbert，wasfoundinGermany.Thepairwere16andMevanpostedanotherphotograph：“ThisisEgbert.He’sbeenhelpingrefugeessincethe90s.Hethoughtthe17wastoosmallagesturetobementioned.”ForMevan，the18isthatsmallactionscanhavebigconsequences：“The19Egbertshowedmecontinuestoshapeme.Itdoesn’tcostanythingandit20theworldonepersonatatime.”语篇解读 这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了从小沦为难民的女孩Mevan在难民营收到了来自一位慈善工作者的好意，从此铭记于心，长大后也从事了慈善事业，并最终通过社交媒体找到了这位工作者Egbert。1．A.reachedB．fledC．servedD．visited答案 B解析 reach到达；flee逃走；serve服务；visit拜访。从后文一家人在各个国家辗转以及“难民”的身份可以推断，他们是从伊拉克逃难出来的。故选B。2．A.recoveryB．goalC．endD．birth答案 C解析 recovery恢复；goal目标；end末尾，结束；birth出生。虽然她还是个孩子，但逃难生活让她觉得这可能是世界末日。故选C。3．A.rewardB．puzzleC．promiseD．dream答案 D解析 reward回报；puzzle迷惑；promise承诺；dream梦想。身为难民，未来对她来说很缥缈、不现实，结合后句中的“cometrue”可知，这里要表达“无法实现的梦想”。故选D。4．A.missedB．forgotC．recalledD．assessed答案 B解析 miss错过，思念；forget忘记；recall回忆；assess评估。由后文内容可知，Mevan深受难民营工作人员Egbert的影响，即她从未忘记过他。故选B。5．A.aloneB．insteadC．oftenD．thus答案 A解析 alone独自地；instead而不是，取而代之；often经常；thus
因此。与其他孩子的玩闹形成对比，这里表示Mevan是独自待着的。故选A。6．A.lonelinessB．coldnessC．generosityD．laughter答案 D解析 这里与前文的“playing，running，shouting”形成呼应，指其他孩子们玩得很开心，充满欢声笑语。故选D。7．A.existenceB．effectC．powerD．view答案 D解析 comeintoexistence开始存在；comeintoeffect生效；comeintopower上台。comeintoview意为“进入视野，出现”，指那位工作人员Egbert出场了。故选D。8．A.onB．forC．withD．beyond答案 B解析 从下文Mevan的表现来看，显然这里要表达Egbert把自行车送给她了。It’sforyou意为“这是给你的”。故选B。9．A.joyB．angerC．hesitationD．admiration答案 A解析 joy愉悦；anger愤怒；hesitation犹豫；admiration赞赏。这里的“fiveyearoldheart”指的是Mevan突然收到别人送给自己的大礼，心里一定很高兴。故选A。10．A.loudlyB．shylyC．guiltilyD．artificially答案 B解析 loudly大声地；shyly害羞地；guiltily内疚地；artificially人为地。由下文“coveringhermouthwithherdirtyhands”可知，Mevan害羞地笑了。故选B。11．A.hopeB．adviceC．assumptionsD．achievements答案 A解析 hope希望；advice建议；assumption假设；achievement成就。自从收到自行车，她就相信生活还有希望，这里与下一句中的chances是并列的。故选A。12．A.strongB．properC．fairD．slim答案 D
解析 strong强壮的；proper合适的；fair公平的；slim苗条的，微小的。这里的but表转折，虽然机会很小，但总是有的。故选D。13．A.carefullyB．worthilyC．honestlyD．fashionably答案 B解析 carefully谨慎地；worthily可敬地，正当地；honestly诚实地；fashionably赶时髦地。Mevan改变了命运，不再像以前当难民那样，而是堂堂正正地生活在伦敦。故选B。14．A.pickupB．callonC．lookafterD．trackdown答案 D解析 pickup捡起；callon拜访，号召；lookafter照顾；trackdown追捕，找到。下文紧跟着就指出那个工作人员被找到了，即Mevan决定寻找他。故选D。15．A.sadnessB．regretC．surpriseD．advantage答案 C解析 sadness悲伤；regret后悔；surprise惊喜；advantage优点。这么快就找到了人，显然是出乎意料的，这让Mevan感到惊讶。故选C项。16．A.matchedB．adoptedC．reunitedD．blamed答案 C解析 match匹配；adopt收养，领养，采纳；reunite重聚，再结合；blame责怪。从下文Mevan发照片介绍Egbert来看，两个人是重聚到了一起。故选C。17．A.bikeB．coatC．photoD．cap答案 A解析 两人之间最重要的纽带就是那辆自行车，所以这里指的是自行车。故选A。18．A.idiomB．ruleC．lessonD．tip答案 C解析 idiom习语；rule规则；lesson经验，教训；tip提示。这里总结的是Mevan的感悟，也可以说是她从这一事件中学到的教训。故选C。19．A.trustB．independenceC．kindnessD．optimism答案 C
解析 kindness善良，友好的举动。Egbert对Mevan的善意继续影响着她。上文中的“Outofthekindnessofhisown”也是提示。故选C。20．A.changesB．facesC．exploresD．seeks答案 A解析 change改变；face面对；explore探索；seek寻找。由上文“Egbert的善良改变了作者的一生”可知，善良不需要任何代价，而且一次就改变一个人的世界。故选A。Ⅰ.话题词汇总结1．influencen．势力；影响v．影响；支配2．culturen．文化culturaladj.文化的3．draman．戏剧4．spreadv．开展；伸开；传播n．散布；广泛5．revealv．揭示；展示6．expressvt.表达7．affectvt.影响8．crazyadj.疯狂的9．onthecontrary与……相反10．fascinatev．深深吸引；入迷联想 常用的和传统文化有关的词汇还有：1．customn．习惯，习俗2．decorationn．装饰；装修3．traditionaladj.传统的4．observev．庆祝；遵守5．respectv．&n．尊敬6．existv．存在7．passionn．热情；激情8．accompanyv．陪伴9．mannern．方式，态度，举止10．spreadChineseculture传播中华文化话题微写作——根据所给的汉语及以上词汇，完成下面的小短文。中国是一个有着各种传统习俗的国家。说到拜访中国朋友，我给你一些我的建议。
你最好准时或早一点到达，你的中国主人会很高兴的。此外，如果你想带点东西给主人以表尊重，一束花就可以了。但请记住，在中国，把时钟当作礼物是不恰当的。总之，你应该遵守“入乡随俗”这个准则就可以了。Chinaisacountrywithavarietyoftraditionalcustoms.SpeakingofvisitingaChinesefriend，Iwillgiveyoumyadvice.You’dbetterarriveontimeoralittleearlier，andyourChinesehostwillbeverydelighted.Besides，abunchofflowerswillbeOKifyouwanttotakesomethingtothehosttoshowrespect.ButdorememberitisimpropertogiveaclockasapresentinChina.Inaword，youshouldobserveacommonrule“WheninRome，doastheRomansdo”．Ⅱ.长难句分析Theinspirationisrootedin2016，whenPanJianghaoheardayouthenvoy(公使)fortheUnitedNationssaythattheworldwantedtohearmorefromChineseyoungpeople.[句式分析] 本句中when引导非限制性定语从句，从句中含有“hear＋宾语(ayouthenvoyfortheUnitedNations)＋宾补(say)”结构，“say”后是that引导的宾语从句。[自主翻译] 灵感植根于2016年，当时潘江浩听到一位联合国青年特使(公使)说，世界希望听到更多来自中国年轻人的音乐。[仿写运用] 他早起的习惯是在中学时养成的，当时他听到老师说“早起的鸟儿有虫吃”。Hishabitofgettingupearlywasformedinmiddleschool，whenheheardhisteachersaythattheearlybirdcatchestheworm.
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