Unit3Understandingeachother
基础回顾核心考点跟踪演练
基础回顾
核心词汇——写其形1．____________vt.保证，担保，确保2．____________vt.阻止，禁止3．____________n.描述，叙述4．____________vt.和某人打招呼(或问好)5．____________adj.相像，十分相似adv.十分相像地，同样地6．____________adj.通晓；熟悉7．____________adj.轻微的8．____________n.少数民族；少数，少数人9．____________vt.&vi.&n.拥抱，抱紧10．____________prep.&adv.自始至终；贯穿整个时期；各处，遍及ensureprohibitaccountgreetalikefamiliarslightminorityhugthroughout
阅读词汇——知其意1．receptionn._________________2．bridegroomn.________________briden.________________3．fireworkn.________________4．offencen.________________5．feastn.________________6．maskn.________________vt.________________招待会；接待；接受新郎新娘烟火，烟花冒犯；侮辱盛宴，宴会；节日面具伪装，掩饰
7．mysteriousadj.________________8．steamvt.&vi.________________n.________________9．endoftermn.________________10．plainn.________________plainlyadv.________________神秘的，奇怪的蒸，蒸发蒸汽学期末平原；平坦地明白地，清楚地
拓展词汇——通其变1．__________vt.向(某人)道贺；祝贺→___________n．祝贺2．________vt.&vi.允许；准许→_________n．允许3．__________adj.习惯的；惯常的→________vt.使习惯于4．________vi.&vt.适应，习惯；调整，调节→_________n．调整，调节；适应→_________adj.可调整的，可调节的5．________n．问候；问候语→________vt.和某人打招呼(或问好)6．__________n．期望；盼望→________vt.期望7．__________vt.统治；控制，支配→__________n．统治者→__________n．政府8．________adj.通晓；熟悉→________adj.陌生的，不熟悉的9．________adj.轻微的→________adv.轻微地，稍微10．________n．勇敢→________adj.勇敢的congratulatecongratulationpermitpermissionaccustomedaccustomadjustadjustmentadjustablegreetinggreetexpectationexpectgoverngovernorgovernmentfamiliarunfamiliarslightslightlybraverybrave
高频短语——记得牢1．________________带某人参观、游览2．________________更不用说3．________________适应4．________________习惯于5．________________对……熟悉6．________________没有……也行7．takeup________________8．believein________________9．huntfor________________10．getintrouble__________________11．havepowerover________________12．behometo...__________________________showsb.aroundletaloneadjusttogetaccustomedtobefamiliarwith...dowithout...占用；开始相信；信任；信赖寻找，搜寻，搜索陷入困境，遇到麻烦控制，支配是……的家园，是……的所在地
即学即用：用所学单词或短语的适当形式填空1．Hehurrieddownthegangplank(跳板)and________(拥抱)hiswaitingwife.2．She________(打招呼)mewhenevershemeetsme.3．Ifyouwantto________(确保)thatyoucancatchtheplane,you'dbettertakeataxi.4．Thediseasespread__________(遍及)thecountry,gettingmostpeoplepanicky.5．Aftertheforeignguestsgot________(熟悉的)withtheChinesetraditionalfestivals,theylikedtoliveinChina.huggedgreetsensurethroughoutfamiliar
6．MymotherandIare______(相像)inmanyways.7．There'sa_______(轻微的)damagetoyourcar,soyoucaneasilygetitrepaired.8．Somebanksmakeitdifficulttoopenan_______(账户)．9．Onlyasmall________(少数)ofstudentsareinterestedinpoliticsthesedays.10．Thepolice________(禁止)parkinginthecitycentre.alikeslightaccountminorityprohibit
11．Thespeciesthatfailto_________(适应)thechangingconditionsofexistencewillgraduallybecomeextinct.12．Ican'tspeakEnglish,__________(更不要说)FrenchandGerman.13．Forexample,Chinese_______________(习惯)sharingallthedishestogether.14．Intheafternoon,youwill______________(被带着游览)ournewlybuiltmuseum.15．ThehomeofthelionisAfricawhileAustralia__________(是……的家园)thekoalabear.adjusttoletalonegetaccustomedtobeshownaroundishometo
经典句型复现1．_____________________thenewforeignteacherstryingtoadjusttodoingthat.看新来的外教努力适应做那个动作的样子很有趣。2．Manyforeigners________________accustomedtoit.很多外国人很难习惯这一点。3．______________therearesomanyFrenchwordsinEnglish_______theFrenchruledEnglandforquiteanumberofyears.英语里有如此多的法语词汇的一个原因是法国人曾统治英格兰很长时间。It'squitefunnywatchinghavetroublegettingOnereasonwhyisthat
4．They_____________peopledonotlookatthecards,soremembernottojustputtheminyourpocketwithoutlooking.他们不喜欢(别人)拿到名片看都不看就放到口袋里。5．InThailandandotherpartsofSouthEastAsia,thenormalgreetingisaslightbow___________________together.在泰国和东南亚的其他一些地区，通常的打招呼方式是双手合十并微微鞠躬。dislikeitwhenwiththehandspressed
即学即用：完成句子1．很多人不喜欢别人让他们给那些他们甚至不在意的比赛进行网上投票。(dislikeitwhen...“不喜欢……”)Manypeople_________________________castonlinevotesforcompetitionsthattheyevendon'tcare.2．每逢我们在学习中遇到困难，老师总是耐心地辅导。(havetroubleindoing)Wheneverwe____________________，ourteachersalwayshelpuspatiently.3．我们不信任他的一个原因是他总是说谎。(onereasonwhy...isthat...)______________wedon'ttrusthim________healwaystellslies.dislikeitwhentheyareurgedtohavetroubleinstudyingOnereasonwhyisthat
4．人们普遍认为在课堂上电脑永远不会取代老师。(itisbelievedthat...)_____________________teacherswillneverbereplacedbycomputersinclass.5．由于有小男孩领路，我们很容易找到了那座房子。(with复合结构)Wefoundthehouseeasily______thelittleboy______________.Itisgenerallybelievedthatwithleadingtheway
核心考点
第一版块：高考考纲高频单词1．congratulatev．祝贺(1)congratulatesb.onsth.为某事向某人祝贺congratulateoneselfon/uponsth./doingsth.为……感到高兴/自豪(2)congratulationn.祝贺；(复数)贺词congratulations(tosb.)onsth.祝贺/庆贺(某人)某事Congratulations!祝贺你！(口语)
(1)“______________(Congratulate)!ButIthinksomeonewasmistaken，”Dennisresponded.[2018·全国卷Ⅲ](2)Icongratulate_______(I)onhavingchosenagoodwomantobemywife.[一句多译](3)祝贺中国女子排球队(theChinesewomenvolleyballteam)在奥运会上的胜利！①__________theChinesewomenvolleyballteam____theirvictoryintheOlympicGames!(congratulatev．)②________________theChinesewomenvolleyballteamontheirvictoryintheOlympicGames!(congratulationn．)CongratulationsmyselfCongratulateonCongratulationsto
2．ensurevt.保证；担保；确保ensuresb.sth./ensuresth.tosb.向某人保证某事ensuredoing...保证做……ensuresb.from/against...确保某人免受……(1)Weensure________(fulfill)thetaskontime.(2)Weshouldtryallmeanstoensureourselves__________allpossiblerisks.[同义句改写](3)Thispillwillensurethepatientagoodnight'ssleep.→Thispillwill________agoodnight'ssleep____thepatient.→Thispillwillensure_______________________________.fulfillingfrom/againstensuretothatthepatienthasagoodnight'ssleep
【词语辨析】[完成句子](4)他们在佛罗伦萨庆祝他们25周年结婚纪念日，所有的老朋友都前去祝贺他们的银婚，这使得他们极为感动。They________their25thweddinganniversaryinFlorenceandalltheiroldfriendswentto__________themontheirsilverwedding,whichmovedthemdeeply.celebratedcongratulate
3．permitv．允许；许可；准许n．通行证；许可证；执照(1)允许某人做某事permitdoingsth.允许做某事(2)permissionn.允许；许可with/withoutone'spermission获得/没有获得某人许可
(1)TheCaliforniaDepartmentofMotorVehiclesbegangiving________(permit)inAprilforcompaniestotesttrulyselfdrivingcarsonpublicroads.[2018·北京卷](2)Heaskedfor__________(permit)toleavetheroom.(3)Pagescan'tbecopied________thepermissionofthepublisher.(4)Thegovernment________already________(permit)thecompanytousespecialmaterialstomakeiteasierforthevehicletofly.(5)Iwaspermitted________(talk)totheprisonerandtheguardspermittedme_______(bring)mycameraandtaperecorder.(6)Thefactspermit____nootherexplanation.[句型转换](7)Iftimepermits,Imaygohikingwithmyfriends.→Time_________(permit),Imaygohikingwithmyfriends.permitspermissionwithouthaspermittedtotalktobringofpermitting
4．adjustv．调整；调节；(使)适应；习惯(1)adjust...to...调整……以适应……adjustoneselfto...使自己适应……adjusttodoing...适应做……(2)adjustmentn.调整；调节；适应makeanadjustment/adjustmentsto...对……作出调整(3)adjustableadj.可调节的
(1)Asforhowtoadjust________(you)tothenewschoollifeherequickly,I'dliketogiveyousomeadvice.(2)Thegovernmentisstrivingtobetterthepublictransportationsystem,withnewsubwaylinesconstructedandbusroutes_________(adjust)．(3)Generallyspeaking,theteachersinseniorschooltendtoadoptdifferentteachingmethods,so_________________________________________________.一般来说，高中老师倾向于采取不同的教学方式，因此我的建议是你应该适应他们的方法。yourselfadjustedmysuggestionisthatyoushouldadjusttotheirmethods
5．accustomedadj.习惯了的；惯常的(1)be/get/becomeaccustomedto(doing)sth.习惯于(做)某事be/getusedtodoingsth.习惯于做某事(2)accustomvt.使习惯于accustomsb./oneselfto(doing)sth.使某人/自己习惯于(做)某事
(1)Knowingthatyouarenotaccustomed____thelifeinAmerica,Icomeupwithsomeideas,whichmayhelpyoumeetthechallenge.(2)Wedon'tknowhowtowriteChinesecharacterswithourhandsbecauseweareaccustomedto_______(send)textmessages.[一句多译](3)习惯于生活在农村，我发现很难在城市生活。①___________________livinginthecountryside,Ifoundithardtoliveinthecity.(现在分词作状语)②I_________________livinginthecountryside,andIfoundithardtoliveinthecity.(并列句)③_______________livinginthecountryside,Ifoundithardtoliveinthecity.(过去分词作状语)tosendingAccustomingmyselftowasaccustomedtoAccustomedto
6．familiaradj.熟悉的；常见的；亲近的sb.befamiliarwith...某人对……熟悉sb./sth.befamiliartosb.某人/物为某人所熟悉(1)Ifthereisanyagencythatyouarefamiliar______，pleasecontactoneforus.(2)Youshouldselectafolksongfamiliar_____youandsuitableforyou.(3)Moreimportantly,sheisanativeinLijiangand____________________________________________________.更为重要的是，她是丽江当地人，很熟悉这儿景点的历史和文化。withtoveryfamiliarwiththehistoryandcultureofthescenicspotshere
7．expectationn．期望；盼望(1)meet/liveuptoone'sexpectations不负某人所望inexpectationof预料；期望beyond(one's)expectations料想不到(2)expectvt.预料；期待expect(sb.)todosth.预料(某人)做某事asexpected正如所料；不出所料
(1)Around13,500newjobswerecreatedduringtheperiod，exceedingthe_________(expect)numberof12,000heldbymarketanalysts.[2018·江苏卷](2)Theglobalpopulation_________________(有望增长到)9.6billionby2050.[2018·天津卷](3)Sheatealightlunch______________(期待)agooddinner.[句式升级](4)Hefailedintheexam，andallofushadexpectedit.①____________，hefailedintheexam.(用as从句改写)②Hefailedintheexam,________________.(用which引导的定语从句改写)expectedisexpectedtogrowtoinexpectationofAsisexpectedwhichwasexpected
8．accountv．认为；说明；总计有n．账目；说明；计算；理由(1)accountfor说明；做出解释；占……(比例)(2)onaccountof由于，因为onnoaccount决不(置于句首时，句子部分倒装)takeaccountof...＝take...intoaccount/consideration考虑到……，把……考虑进去leavesth.outofaccount＝takenoaccountofsth.对某事不予考虑(3)accountantn.会计员；会计师
(1)AccordingtotheWorldBank,China___________(占)about30percentoftotalglobalfertilizerconsumption.[2018·全国卷Ⅱ](2)Theynowneedto________________________(考虑)theextentoffirms'dataassets(资产)whenassessingtheimpactofdeals.[2017·江苏卷][句式升级](3)Weshouldonnoaccountgiveuptheplan.(改为倒装句)___________________________________________________________[联想发散]表示“决不”的短语还有：innocase,atnotime,innosense,innoway,bynomeans，onnocondition,undernocircumstances,onnoconsideration,onnooccasion等。accountsfortakeaccountof/takeintoaccountOnnoaccountshouldwegiveuptheplan.
9．prohibitvt.(尤指以法令)禁止(1)prohibit(one's)doingsth.禁止(某人)做某事(2)prohibit...fromdoing...禁止……做……(3)aprohibitionon/against禁令；禁律(1)Thehighcostofequipmentprohibitsmanypeoplefromtakingupthissport.昂贵的装备令许多人对这项运动望而却步。(2)aprohibitionagainstsellingalcoholtopeopleundertheageof18禁止向18岁以下青少年售酒的法令
【特别提示】表示“禁止……做……；阻止……做……”可以用以下形式：
[语法填空](1)Motorvehiclesareprohibited_____drivinginthetowncentre.(2)LondonTransporthasannounceda__________(prohibit)onsmokingonbuses.(3)Thegovernmentprohibits_________(spread)rumorsonline.fromprohibitionspreading
第二版块：重点短语和句式1．letalone更不用说(多用于否定句之后)letsb.down使某人失望；辜负某人letalone别管；更别说letgoof释放，松手，放开letout发出；放走，释放；放大；说出秘密，泄密letoff使爆炸；宽恕
(1)Wedidn'tknowatthattimethatthereevenwasanenvironment,________thattherewasaproblemwithit.那时候我们甚至不知道环境的存在，更别提环境问题了。(2)You__________whenyoudidn'twintheprize.你未赢得奖品使我太失望了。(3)Itremainsunknownwho______________.目前尚不清楚是谁泄露了秘密。[联想发散]表示“更别提”的短语还有：nottomention,much/stillless,nottospeakof,tosaynothingof等。letaloneletmedownletoutthesecret
2．giveout放出；发出；分发；公布；发表；用完；筋疲力尽giveaway泄露；赠送givein上交；让步；投降giveoff发出giveup放弃givewayto让步于……givevoiceto...表达对……的看法
[写出下列句子中giveout的汉语意思](1)Theradioisgivingoutastrangesignal.________(2)Isawamangivingouthandbillsinthestreet.________(3)JustasIapproachedthetown，mylegsfinallygaveout.________(4)Hehasrefusedtogiveoutanyinformationonthematter.________[完成句子](5)Marywassilentduringtheearlypartofthediscussionbutfinallyshe____________heropiniononthesubject.[2016·天津卷]玛丽在讨论初期保持了沉默，但最终还是提出了对这一话题的看法。【易错点拨】giveout作“用完；用尽”解时，不及物，相当于runout。发出分发筋疲力尽公布givevoiceto
3．takeup占据(时间或空间)；开始学习；从事……；继续；接受(1)takeaway解除；消除(痛苦等)(2)takeback收回(说过的话)；退回(货物)；与……重归于好(3)takedown写下；拆除(4)takeon呈现(新面貌)；开始雇用；承担责任(5)takepridein引以为豪
(1)Thetabletakesuptoomuchroom.这张桌子太占地方。(2)Reporterstookdowneverywordofhisspeech.记者们把他讲的每一句话都记录了下来。(3)Ican'ttakeonanyextrawork.我不能承担任何额外工作。[用适当的介词填空](1)Shetook_____thestorywhereJohnhadleftoff.(2)Heisunwillingtotake________heavyresponsibilities.upon
4．It'squitefunnywatchingthenewforeignteacherstryingtoadjusttodoingthat.看新来的外教努力适应这个动作的样子很有趣。句型：Itis＋n./adj.＋doingsth.动名词短语作主语时，常用于以下句式：Itis＋nouse/good/fun＋doingsth.Itis＋oflittleuse＋doingsth.Itis＋worthwhile＋doing/todosth.Itis＋awasteof...＋doingsth.
(1)________________herethismorning.ComeagainonMonday.今天上午在这里等是没用的，周一再来吧。(2)_________________________himabroadforfurthereducation.将他送到国外去深造是值得的。(3)________________________withher.和她争论是浪费精力。It'snousewaitingItisworthwhiletosend/sendingItisawasteofenergyarguing
5．Manyforeignershavetroublegettingaccustomedtoit.很多外国人很难习惯这一点。句型：havetrouble(in)doing...(1)havedifficulty/trouble(in)doingsth.做某事有困难(2)havedifficulty/troublewithsth.在某方面有困难(3)做某事有困难
(1)Somestudentshavetrouble_____grammarwhileothershavedifficultyin____________newwords.有的学生学语法有困难，有的记生词有困难。(2)Youcan'timagine____________________________________inthesnowstorm.你想象不到我们在暴风雪中走回家有多困难。[同义句改写](3)Ihadnodifficultyinfindinghishousewiththeboyleadingtheway.→I___________________________withtheboyleadingtheway.【易错点拨】在对havedifficulty/trouble(in)doing...考查时，常将difficulty/trouble提前，后跟定语从句，省略介词in，导致have与后面的动名词连在一起，做题时应加以注意。withrememberingwhatdifficulty/troublewehad(in)walkinghomefoundhishousewithoutdifficulty
6．Theydislikeitwhenpeopledonotlookatthecards...他们不喜欢人们不看名片……句中dislike是及物动词，it是形式宾语，真正的宾语为when引导的从句。(1)英语中在表示喜爱、憎恶之类的动词后面常常不直接加宾语从句，而要用形式宾语it，然后再加真正的宾语从句，这样的动词有appreciate,enjoy,like,dislike,love,hate,prefer等。(2)一些动词短语后面也常用it作形式宾语然后加真正的宾语从句，常见的动词短语有：dependon,relyon,seeto(确保)等。(3)oweittosb.(把……归功于某人)以及takeitforgranted(认为……理所当然)也是此结构。
(1)Pleasedependonitwewon'tgiveup.请相信，我们决不会放弃。(2)Canyouseetoitthatthefaxgoesthisafternoon?你保证今天下午就把传真发出去，行吗？[完成句子](1)我会保证任何事情都会及时准备就绪。Iwill___________everythingisreadyintime.(2)我在研究工作中取得如此巨大的成果应归功于你。I________________Ihaveachievedsogreatresultsinmyresearchwork.seetoitthatoweittoyouthat
跟踪演练
Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Pleasenotethatany__________(prohibit)itemswillbetakenawaybytheOfficeofResidenceLife.2．Boysareverymuchin_______minorityatthedancingclass.3．Ittookhimawhiletoadjusthimselfto________(work)nightshifts.4．Passengersarepermitted________(carry)onlyonepieceofhandluggageontotheplane.5．Sinceyouarenotfamiliar______teaching,youcanturntosomeexperiencedteachersforadvicewhennecessary.prohibiteda/theworkingtocarrywith
6．Thereason______Iapplyforthisjobis_____IlikeEnglishandvoluntaryworkverymuch.7．Thenewrulesprohibit________(smoke)inplaceslikerestaurants,hotels,railwaystationsortheatres.8．Thoughwelivedinthesameneighborhoodformanyyears，Ihadnevermadehisacquaintance，let_____knownwhereheworked.9．Iwanttoexpressmysincere_____________(congratulate)onyoursuccess.10．Thematchwasputoff_____accountoftheweather.whythatsmokingalonecongratulationson
Ⅱ.用本单元所学短语完成句子1．I_______________(习惯于)listeningtosomelightmusicbeforesleep.2．Whenachildisstudyingabroad,hemustlearnto_________(适应)livingonhisown.3．Alice'stimeisfully________(占据)withplayingthepiano.4．Hehasn'tenoughmoneyforfood,_________(更不用说)amusements.5．Mark_____little_________(支配)hisemotionwhencriticizedforhisperformanceinhiswork.amaccustomedtoadjusttotakenupletalonehaspowerover
Ⅲ.课文语法填空MaLihasgonetothestudentcentretointerviewotherstudentsandfindinformationforthehomework.PeterisfromtheUK.Heoncewenttoan1.____________(acquaintance)weddinginKoreaandhewassurprisedtoseealivehenandaroosterattheweddingceremony.Roostersdrivebadspiritsawayandhensareconsideredto2._______(sure)goodluck.Duringtheceremony,thehenlaidaneggandeveryone3._______________(congratulate)thenewcouple.WaledcomesfromBrunei,wheremenandwomenhavetositinseparateareasatwedding4.__________(receive).acquaintance'sensurecongratulatedreceptions
Alcoholisaltogether5.___________(prohibit)inBrunei.Peopleplaylouddrumstocelebratethewedding.InBrunei,ifpeoplepointwiththeirfirstfinger,itwillcause6._______(offend),andpeopleshouldtake7.____theirshoesbeforegoingintosomeone'shouse.Manyforeignershavetroublegetting8.__________(accustom)toit.Peterisalwaysamazed9.____howAmericansaresodifferentfromBrits.Theysharethesamelanguagebuttheircustomsarenotalways10._____.Learningaboutculturaldifferencesisagoodwaytounderstandmoreabouteachother.prohibitedoffenceoffaccustomedatalike
Ⅳ.知识主线串记PresidentXi1.____________(congratulate)allfarmersaroundthecountryonthefirstFarmers'HarvestFestival.Farmersaroundthecountryheldvarietiesofactivitiesin2.__________(celebrate)oftheirfirstfestival.It'squitefunny3.________(join)inthesegames.Theseyears,our4.__________(govern)attachesgreatimportancetothedevelopmentofagriculture.Itisreportedthatfarmersaccount5.____70%ofthepopulationofChina.Farmerscangettimelyhelponcetheyhavetrouble6._________(produce).Lawsaremadetoensurethatfarminglandshouldnotbeusedforotherpurposeswithout7.__________(permit).Nowfactoriesthatwillcausepollution8._____________(prohibit)frombeingbuiltinthecountryside.Farmersalsohaveadjusted9._________(they)tomoderntechnology.Theoldandpoorvillagesthatwewerefamiliar10._______havechangedalot.congratulatedcelebrationjoininggovernmentforproducingpermissionareprohibitedthemselveswith
Ⅴ.单元话题与写作StepOne：用本单元所学词汇和句式结构翻译句子。1．尽管李华学习有困难，但是她决不放弃。(havedifficultyin；onnoaccount)___________________________________________________________2．她很快就习惯了这种新的学习环境。(accustomed)___________________________________________________________3．在期末考试中，李华取得了好成绩。(achieve)___________________________________________________________ThoughLiHuahaddifficultyinstudying,onnoaccountshouldshegiveup.Shequicklyaccustomedherselftothisnewlearningenvironment.Inthefinalexamination，LiHuaachievedagoodgrade.
4．我们祝贺她取得了很大的进步。(congratulate)___________________________________________________________5．她说学习占据了她的大部分时间。(takeup)___________________________________________________________6．她已适应了这种生活。(adjustto)___________________________________________________________Wecongratulatedheronhergreatprogress.Shesaidstudyingtookupmostofhertime.Shehadalreadyadjustedtothiskindoflife.
StepTwo：把以上句子连成短文，要求衔接连贯、过渡自然。[参考范文]ThoughLiHuahaddifficultyinstudying,onnoaccountshouldshegiveup.Shequicklyaccustomedherselftothisnewlearningenvironment.Inthefinalexamination,LiHuaachievedagoodgrade.Wecongratulatedheronhergreatprogress.Shesaidstudyingtookupmostofhertimeandshehadalreadyadjustedtothiskindoflife.
您好，谢谢观看！
微信/支付宝扫码支付