2022年高考英语复习小题多维练（通用版）专题02：社会文化类（解析版）

题型一：阅读理解专题02：社会文化类题量要求：（45分钟）WhenmilkarrivedonthedoorstepWhenIwasaboygrowingupinNewJerseyinthe1960s,wehadamilkmandeliveringmilktoourdoorstep.HisnamewasMr.Basille.Heworeawhitecapanddroveawhitetruck.Asa5yearoldboy,Icouldn'ttakemyeyesoffthecoinchangerfixedtohisbelt.Henoticedthisonedayduringadeliveryandgavemeaquarteroutofhiscoinchanger.Ofcourse,hedeliveredmorethanmilk.Therewascheese,eggsandsoon.Ifweneededtochangeourorder,mymotherwouldpenanote－“Pleaseaddabottleofbuttermilknextdelivery”－andplaceitintheboxalongwiththeemptybottles.Andthen,thebuttermilkwouldmagicallyappear.Allofthiswasaboutmorethanconvenience.Thereexistedacloserelationshipbetweenfamiliesandtheirmilkmen.Mr.Basilleevenhadakeytoourhouse,forthosetimeswhenitwassocoldoutsidethatweputtheboxindoors,sothatthemilkwouldn'tfreeze.AndIrememberMr.Basillefromtimetotimetakingabreakatourkitchentable,havingacupofteaandtellingstoriesabouthisdelivery.Thereissadlynohomemilkdeliverytoday.Bigcompaniesallowedtheproductionofcheapermilk,thusmakingitdifficultformilkmentocompete.Besides,milkisforsaleeverywhere,anditmayjustnothavebeenpracticaltohaveadeliveryservice.Recently,anoldmilkboxinthecountrysideIsawbroughtbackmychildhoodmemories.Itookithomeandplanteditonthebackporch(门廊).Everysooftenmyson'sfriendswillaskwhatitis.SoIstarttellingstoriesofmyboyhood,andofthemilkmanwhobroughtusfriendshipalongwithhismilk.1．Mr.Basillegavetheboyaquarteroutofhiscoinchanger________.A．toshowhismagicalpowerB．topayforthedeliveryC．tosatisfyhiscuriosityD．topleasehismother2．Whatcanbeinferredfromthefactthatthemilkmanhadthekeytotheboy'shouse? A．Hewantedtohaveteathere.B．Hewastreatedasafamilymember.C．Hewasarespectableperson.D．Hewasfullytrustedbythefamily.3．Whydoeshomemilkdeliverynolongerexist?A．Nobodywantstobeamilkmannow.B．Ithasbeendrivenoutofthemarket.C．Itsserviceisgettingpoor.D．Itisforbiddenbylaw.4．Whydidtheauthorbringbackhomeanoldmilkbox?A．Hemissedthegoodolddays.B．Hewantedtotellinterestingstories.C．Heneededitforhismilkbottles.D．Heplantedflowersinit.答案与解析1.C　推理判断题。根据第一段最后可以看出，当时作者只是一个5岁的孩子，对送奶人腰带上的投币器很好奇，善良的送奶人把一枚硬币送给作者，是为了满足其好奇心，所以应选C项。2.D　推理判断题。根据第三段第二句可知，家里人与送奶人之间关系很密切，送奶人甚至有家里的钥匙，由此推断送奶人得到了充分的信任，故选D项。3.B　细节理解题。根据第四段可知，激烈的竞争和购买的便利使得送奶上门退出了市场，无法存在下去，故选B项。4.A　推理判断题。由最后一段可以看出，作者有一种怀旧的心理，想念儿时的时光，感觉送奶人送来牛奶的同时，也带来了友谊，故选A项。(二)Whilesmallmaybebeautiful,tallisjustplainuncomfortableitseems,particularlywhenitcomestostayinginhotelsandeatinginrestaurants.TheTallPersonsClubGreatBritain(TPCGB),whichwasformedsixmonthsago tocampaignfortheneedsofthetall,hasturneditsattentiontohotelsandrestaurants.Bedsthataretoosmall，showerheadsthataretoolow,andrestauranttableswithhardlyanylegroomallmakelifedifficultforthoseofaboveaverageheight,itsays.Butitisnotjusttheextratallwhoseneedsarenotbeingmet.Theaverageheightofthepopulationhasbeenincreasingyetthestandardsizeofbeds,doorways,andchairshasremainedunchanged.“Thebeddingindustrysaysabedshouldbesixincheslargerthanthepersonusingit,soevenakingsizebedat6′6″(6feetand6inches)isfallingshortfor25%ofmen,whilethestandard6′3″bedcatersforlessthanhalfofthemalepopulation，”saidTPCGBpresidentPhilHeinricy，“Sevenfootbedswouldworkfine.”Similarly,restauranttablescancausenoendofproblems.Smalltables,whichmeanthelongleggedhavetositafootorsoawayfromthem,areenoughtomaketallcustomersgoelsewhere.Somehavealreadytakennote,however.AtQueensMoatHouses'CaledonianHotelinEdinburgh,6′6″bedsarenowputinasstandardafterrequestsforlongerbedsfromtallervisitors，particularlyAmericans.1．WhatisthepurposeoftheTPCGBcampaign?A．Toprovidebetterservices.B．Torebuildhotelsandrestaurants.C．Todrawpublicattentiontotheneedsofthetall.D．Toattractmorepeopletobecomeitsmembers.2．WhichofthefollowingmightbeabedofproperlengthaccordingtoPhilHeinricy?A．7′2″　　　　　　　　　B．7′C．6′6″D．6′3″3．Whatmayhappentorestaurantswithsmalltables?A．Theymaylosesomecustomers.B．Theymaystartbusinesseselsewhere.C．Theyhavetofindeasychairstomatchthetables. D．Theyhavetoprovideenoughspaceforthelonglegged.4．WhatchangehasalreadybeenmadeinahotelinEdinburgh?A.Tallpeoplepaymoreforlargerbeds.B．6′6″bedshavetakentheplaceof6′3″beds.C．SpecialroomsarekeptforAmericans.D．Guestroomsarestandardized.答案与解析1.C　细节理解题。根据第二段第一句话可知，这次活动的目的是引起公众对高个子的人的需要的关注。2.B　细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句中的“Sevenfootbedswouldworkfine.”可知，床铺的合适长度是7英尺。3.A　推理判断题。根据第五段可知，餐桌太小会使高个子的人们到别的地方去(吃饭)，也就是说，餐桌太小的饭店会失去一些客人。4.B　细节理解题。根据最后一段可知，爱丁堡的一家宾馆已经使用6英尺6英寸的床铺作为标准床铺，故选B项。(三)CassandraFeeleyfindsithardtomanageonherhusband'sincome.Sothisyearshedidsomethingmorethanahobby:Sheplantedvegetablesinheryard.Forherfirstgarden,Ms.Feeleyhasputin15tomatoplants,andfiverowsofavarietyofvegetables.Thefamily'soldfarmhousehasbecomeachickenhouse,itsresidentsarrivingnextmonth.Lastyear,Ms.RitaGartinkeptasmallgarden.Thisyearshehasmadeitmuchlargerbecause,shesaid,“ThecostofeverythingisgoingupandIwaslookingtoloseafewpounds,too;soit'sawinwinsituationallaround.”TheyareamongthegrowingnumberofAmericanswho,drivenbyhigherlivingcostsandafallingeconomy(经济),havetakenupvegetablegardeningforthefirsttime.Othershaveincreasedthesizeoftheirexistinggardens.Seedcompaniesandgardenshopssaythatnotsincethe1970shastherebeensuchanincreaseininterestingrowingfoodathome.Nowmanygardensacrossthecountryhavebeensoldoutforseveralmonths.InAustin,Tex.,someofthegardenshaveathreeyearwaitinglist.GeorgeC.BallJr.,ownerofacompany,saidsalesofvegetableseedsandplants areupby40%overlastyear,doubletheaveragegrowthofthelastfiveyears.Mr.Ballarguesthatsomeofthereasonshavebeenbuildingforthelastfewyears.Thebigoneisthestrikingriseinthecostoffoodlikebreadandmilk,togetherwiththeincreasesinthepriceoffruitsandvegetables.Foodpriceshaveincreasedbecauseofhigheroilprices.Peoplearenowdrivingless,takingfewervacations,sothereismoretimetogarden.1．Whatdoestheword“residents”inParagraph1probablyreferto?A．chickensB．tomatoesC．gardensD．people2．Whyisvegetablegardeningbecomingincreasinglypopular?A．MoreAmericansaredoingitforfun.B．Thepriceofoilislowerthanbefore.C．There'sagrowingneedforfruits.D．Thecostoflivingisontherise.3．Whichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitleforthetext?A．FamilyFoodPlanningB．BankingonGardeningC．ABelttighteningMoveD．GardeningasaHobby答案与解析1.A　词义猜测题。根据前半句可知，这家的农舍变成了鸡舍，所以下个月要住进来的应该是“鸡”。2.D　推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句中的“Thecostofeverythingisgoingup”和第二段第一句中的“higherlivingcostsandafallingeconomy”以及最后一段第三句中的“thestrikingriseinthecostoffoodlikebreadandmilk，togetherwiththeincreasesinthepriceoffruitsandvegetables”可以看出，种植蔬菜流行的原因是生活费用的提高。3.B 　主旨大意题。纵观全文可知，很多人种植蔬菜不仅是出于爱好，更重要的是为了节省生活费用，所以应选B项，bank作为动词是“存款”的意思。(四)Since1984,Philadelphiahasbeencleaningupitsact.Onebyone,graffiticoveredwallsarebeingchangedintooutdoorart.Sofar,morethan1,800murals(壁画)havebeenpainted.PhiladelphianowhasmoremuralsthananyotherAmericancity.Thewallsthatwereonceuglywithgraffiti(涂鸦)arenowcoveredwithbeautifulpicturesofhistoricalheroesandmodernart,thankstotheMuralArtsProgram(MAP).Itsworkmakesschoolsandpublicplacesattractive,anditscitizensveryproud.TheprogrambeganaspartofPhiladelphia'sAntiGraffitiNetwork.JaneGoldenistheMAP'sartisticdirector.“Whenpeopleaskmewhatourprogramisabout，”shesays,“Ianswerthemwithoneword:hope”.Eachyear,theMAPoffersyouthartprogramsandworkshops.SomeonetimegraffitiwritersevenhelppaintMAPmurals.TheMAP'swork,saysGolden,isallaboutdevelopingasenseofcommunity(社区).Whenaneighborhoodrequestsamural,theMAPworkswiththepeopletheretodevelopamessage.Somemessageshavebeen“SafeStreets”，“LoveandCare”，and“PeaceWalk”．TheMAPreceivesupto50requestsformuralseachweek.Lastyear,theworkerspainted140murals.“Themakingofamuralenterspeople'scollectivememoryasanextraordinary,pleasantmomentinneighborhoodhistory.”saysGolden,whobeganasamuralistinLosAngeles.1．Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A．Love,fromGraffitiWriterstoMuralistsB．MAP,aNewCompanyinPhiladelphiaC．Jane,anExcellentMuralArtistD．Hope,OneWallataTime2．WhatistheMuralArtsPrograminPhiladelphiaaimedat?A．Helpingtheyoungfindjobs.B．Protectingtheneighborhood.C．Fightingagainstgraffiti. D．Attractingmorevisitors.3．HowdoestheMAPdecideonthemessageforamural?A．Byhavingdiscussionswithpeopleinthecommunity.B．Byseekingadvicefromthecitygovernment.C．Bylearningfromtheyounggraffitiwriters.D．Bystudyingthehistoryofthecity.4．WhichofthefollowingwordsbestdescribestheworkoftheMAP?A．Difficult.B．Dangerous.C．Experimental.D．Successful.答案与解析1.D　主旨大意题。根据第二段JaneGolden的话可知，当人们问及该项目是关于什么的时候，她用一个词来概括，即Hope，故D项为最佳标题。2.C　推理判断题。根据第一、二段，昔日曾经被涂鸦的墙壁正被美丽的壁画所覆盖，以使社区更具魅力，因此对抗涂鸦应是该项目的目的。3.A　细节理解题。根据第三段第二句可知，当社区的居民请求画一张壁画时，该项目的工作人员就和当地的人们一起工作来拟定出一个主题，故选A项。4.D　推理判断题。根据第一段及倒数第二段可知，该项目很成功，故选D项。