1．并列连词和从属连词的正确使用2．各类状语从句的用法，特别是时间、条件、目的、让步和结果状语从句为考查重点3．状语从句在写作中的运用基础巩固Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Theyoungmanhadlearnedmorethan4,000wordsbeforehewenttotheUSA.2．Luggagemaynotbebroughtintothebuildingunlessaguardhascheckeditfirst.3．Waterissoimportantthatyouneedtodrinkacertainamounteachday.4．Butfornow，theyallhavetopostponetheirplansuntil/tillthewinterstormspass.5．Onecanalwaysmanagetodomorethings，nomatterhowfullone’sscheduleisinlife.6．Notonlydotheyneedclothing，butalsotheyareshortoftents.7．HelikesgoingouttoplaywhilehiswifelikesstayingathomeonSundays.8.Ifwearesatisfiedwithonlyafewruleswehavememorized，wearenotreallylearningthelanguage.9．Hewaswalkingintheparkwhenabirdcaughthisattention.10．Halfanhourlater，Marystillcouldn’tgetataxiwherethebushaddroppedher.Ⅱ.单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误)11．Theyarebeautifulflowersthattheyattractmanyvisitors.12．IhavebeenmissingyouverymuchIwenttocollegeayearago.13．ItwasayearagothatJoshuagotabikeforChristmas，herodeiteveryday.14．Itmusthaverainedlastnight，thegroundisverywettoday.15．AlthoughIfindheralittleannoying，but或Ioftenhelpheroutwhenshegetsintotrouble.16.hungryIam，Ineverseemtobeabletofinishoffthisloafofbread.
在语法填空中并列连词的考查主要是通过句意和两个并列成分之间的关系来判断用哪个连词。解题时准确理解题干的意义，理清前后逻辑关系很重要。状语从句的考查主要集中在连词的使用上。要认真分析主从句之间的逻辑关系，明确从句表示的是时间、地点、条件还是原因、让步、方式或比较等，再根据各种从句常用的引导词确定答案。在短文改错中1．分析句子结构以及句与句之间的关系和相应的标点符号，确定是否需要用连词连接，从而确定是否缺少连词或连词是否多余，以便添加或删除连词。2．分析句子间的意义关系，判断句子间连词的使用是否正确，然后予以改正。and表示并列；yet/while表示转折；or表示选择；so表示因果；while表示对比；when表示“当……时”，做短文改错时，一定要记牢。能力提升Ⅲ.阅读理解AAyoungfemaleathleteinthePhilippinesrecentlywonmultiplegoldmedalsforherschoolduringaprovincialsportsdespitenothavingproperrunningshoes.RheaBallos，an11yearoldstudentofSalvacionElementarySchoolinBalasan，Iloilo，wasonlywearingbandagesaroundherfeetwhenshecompetedattheIloiloSchoolsSportsMeet.FacebookuserValenzuelapostedimagesofthegirlwithherfeetwrappedinbrownplaster(石膏)bandagesbearingthefamousNikelogo.Ballosevenwrotetheword“NIKE”onthesidesofher“shoes”tocompletethe“Nikerunningshoes”look.Thebandagesweretightlywrappedaroundherfeet，creatingathinprotectivelayeragainstthetrack.Whileshewasvirtually(实质上)barefootduringtheraces，shewasstillabletodefeatheropponents(对手)whoallworeproperfootwearintendedforrunning.Accordingtothepost，Ballosbaggedthetopawardsinthe400meterdash，the800meterrun，andthe1,500meterrunintheinterschoolsportingeventheldinIloilo，centralPhilippines.Whenimagesofher“Nike”footwearwerespreadwidely，Filipinosonsocialmediashoweredherwithpraisesforherdedicationandcharacter.Manynotedthatinsteadofwallowinginselfpity，shewasevenabletomakelightofthesituationbydrawingtheNikelogoonher“runningshoes”．SomeofthecommentersofValenzuela’spostexpressedhowthegirldeservedtoberecognizedbyNikeandthatthebrandshouldactuallygiveheranewpairofrealNikeshoes.ItdidnottakelongforJefferyCariaso，afamouscoach，totakenoticeofBallos’outstanding
performance.Heimmediatelymadeanefforttogetintouchwiththeyoungtrackrunnertohelpher.语篇解读 这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述的是一名叫巴罗斯的女孩穿着自制的一双“耐克”鞋参加了省级运动会并获得了多项金牌。1．Infact，Ballos’“shoes”are.A．anadB．abargainC．acopyD．asubstitute答案 D解析 推理判断题。根据第三段中“Ballosevenwrotetheword‘NIKE’onthesidesofher‘shoes’tocompletethe‘Nikerunningshoes’look.”可知，巴罗斯甚至在她的“鞋”侧面写上了“耐克”两个字。由此可知，事实上，巴罗斯的“鞋”是一个替代品。故选D。2．Whichofthefollowingisclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedphrase“wallowingin”inParagraph5?A．Beinglostin.B．Beingproudof.C．Makinguseof.D．Givingignoranceto.答案 A解析 词义猜测题。根据第五段中的“...shewasevenabletomakelightofthesituationbydrawingtheNikelogoonher‘runningshoes’．”可知，她甚至可以通过在她的“跑鞋”上画耐克的标志来轻松应对这种情况。由此推知，wallowinginselfpity应理解为“沉溺于自怜中”。画线词wallowingin的意思是“迷恋，沉溺于”。故选A。3．WhatmadeCariasooffertohelpBallos?A．Hersuperpower.B．Herdetermination.C．Herattitudetotheevent.D．Commenters’suggestions.答案 A解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段最后两句可知，没过多久，著名的教练杰弗里·卡里阿索就注意到了巴罗斯的杰出表现。他立即做出努力与年轻的田径运动员取得联系来帮助她。由此可推知，是巴罗斯的超能力让卡里阿索主动提出帮助她。故选A。4．Whichcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．ALuckyRunnerB．APairof“Nike”ShoesC．ACreativeBrandD．AnEyecatchingGame答案 B解析 标题归纳题。全文围绕一个女孩自制了一双“耐克”
鞋来展开叙述，讲述她的事迹以及“耐克”鞋给她带来的影响。故选B。BWilderness(荒野)“Inwildernessisthepreservationoftheworld.”Thisisafamoussayingfromawriterregardedasoneofthefathersofenvironmentalism.Thefrequencywithwhichitisborrowedmirrorsaheateddebateonenvironmentalprotection：whethertoplacewildernessattheheartofwhatistobepreserved.AsJohnSauvenofGreenpeaceUKpointsout，thereisastrongappealinimagesofthewild，theuntouched;morethananythingelse，theyspeakofthenaturethatmanypeoplevaluemostdearly.Theurgetoleavethesubjectofsuchimagesuntouchedisstrong，andthedangerexploitation(开发)bringstosuchlandscapes(景观)isreal.Someofthesewildernessesalsoperformfunctionsthathumansneed—therainforests，forexample，storecarboninvastquantities.ToMrSauven，these“ecosystemservices”faroutweighthegainsfromexploitation.LeeLane，avisitingfellowattheHudsonInstitute，takestheopposingview.Heacknowledgesthatwildernessesdoprovideusefulservices，suchaswaterconservation.Butthatisnot，heargues，areasontoavoidallhumanpresence，orindeedcommercialandindustrialexploitation.ThereareevermorepeopleontheEarth，andtheyreasonablyandrightfullywanttohavebetterlives，ratherthanmerelystruggleforsurvival.Whilethewaysofusingresourceshaveimproved，thereisstillagrowingneedforrawmaterials，andsomewildernessescontaintheminabundance.Iftheycanbetappedwithoutreducingtheservicesthosewildernessesprovide，theargumentgoes，thereisnofurtherreasonnottodoso.Beinguntouchedisnot，initself，acharacteristicworthvaluingaboveallothers.Ilookforwardtoseeingtheseviewstakenfurther，andtotheirbeingchallengedbytheotherparticipants.Onechallengethatsuggestsitselftomeisthatbothcasesneedtotakeonthequestionofspiritualvaluealittlemoredirectly.Andthereisapracticalquestionastowhetherwildernessescanbeexploitedwithoutharm.Thisisatopicthatcallsfornotonlyfreeexpressionoffeelings，butalsotheguidanceofreason.Whatpositionwildernessshouldenjoyinthepreservationoftheworldobviouslydeservesmuchmoreseriousthinking.5．JohnSauvenholdsthat.A．manypeoplevaluenaturetoomuchB．exploitationofwildernessesisharmfulC．wildernessesprovidehumanswithnecessitiesD．theurgetodeveloptheecosystemservicesisstrong
答案 B解析 推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句的内容可知，JohnSauven认为“生态系统服务”远比开发的利益重要得多，由此可推知，他的观点是开发荒野有害。故选B。6．WhatisthemainideaofPara.3?A．Theexploitationisnecessaryforthepoorpeople.B．Wildernessescannotguaranteebetteruseofrawmaterials.C．Usefulservicesofwildernessesarenotthereasonfornoexploitation.D．Allthecharacteristicsconcerningtheexploitationshouldbetreatedequally.答案 C解析 段落大意题。通读本段内容，尤其是第二、三句话可知，本段主要讲述了荒野的有益服务不能作为不开发的理由，故选C。7．Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsthisdebate?A．Objective.B．Disapproving.C．Sceptical.D．Optimistic.答案 A解析 观点态度题。根据第四段中的“Ilookforwardtoseeingtheseviewstakenfurther，andtotheirbeingchallengedbytheotherparticipants.”可知，作者并没有偏向任何一个观点，只是比较客观的进行阐述。故选A。8．Whichofthefollowingshowsthestructureofthepassage?CP：CentralPoint P：Point Sp：Subpoint(次要点)C：Conclusion答案 D
解析 文章结构题。通读文章可知，作者就荒野保护的问题客观中立地阐述了对立双方的观点，文章第一段提出中心论点；第二、三两段分别阐述了两种不同的观点；第四段是作者自己的观点；最后一段是文章的结论。故选D。Ⅳ.七选五Asmoreworkcanbedoneonline，moreandmorepeoplehavechancetoworkathome.Onthesurface，workingathomesoundslikeadreamcometrue.1Afterall，therearecountlessdistractions(分心的事物)athome.Tohelpyouplanforthereallifechallenges，we’vecollectedsometipsforavoidingdistractions.2Everyjobhasauniform.Uniformsservetwopurposes：First，theycommunicatetotheoutsideworldaperson’sposition，statureandfunction.Andsecond，theyreinforcethosesamemessagestothepersonwearingtheuniform.Whenyouworkathome，dressinginyournormalworkuniformreinforcestheideathatyouareactuallyworking.KeepaConsistentScheduleManyofusaremoreproductivewhenweareworkingwithinacertainframework.3Ifyourjobrequiresalotofinteractionwithcolleaguesinatimezone，youshouldtryyourbesttomakeyourscheduleconsistentwiththeirnormalbusinesshours.Ifyourworkislargelyindependent，youhavethefreedomtoworkearlierorlaterthantheregularworkday.BeFlexiblewithYourFamilyTime4Insteadofworkingastraightdaytimescheduleof9to5，dividetheworkdayintotwosections，from9a．m.to2p．m.，thenfrom7p．m.to10p．m.Withthisschedule，youcanbewiththekidsforafewhourswhentheygethomefromschool，makedinnerandeattogether，thengobacktotheofficeforafewmorehoursintheevening.HaveaBackupPlanWhenyouworkathome，youneedaplanBfortheunavoidableinterruptionstoyourwellplannedworkflow.Thereareanynumberofminicrisesthatcaneruptathome：lossofpowerorInternetservice，unscheduledplaydatesoraneighborcuttingdownatreeafewfeetfromyourofficewindow.5ItshouldbesomeplaceclosetoyourhomewithareliableInternetconnectionwhereyoucanworkinpeace.A．Getupandgetdressed.B．Becasualaboutyourdress.C．Youneedanalternativeworkspace.D．Buttherealityisfarmorecomplex.E．Itcanbeafriend’sapartmentoralibrary.F．That’swhyit’ssoimportanttosetandkeepaschedule.
G．Thisisagoodtipforfolkstryingtoworkathomewithschoolagekids.语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。在家工作可能会遇到许多分心的事物，作者就如何避免分心给出了一些建议。1．答案 D解析 根据前文“Onthesurface，workingathomesoundslikeadreamcometrue.”及后文“Afterall，therearecountlessdistractionsathome.”可知，选项D(但是现实要复杂得多)符合上下文语境。故选D项。2．答案 A解析 本空要选一个小标题，第二段都在讲述“uniform(工作服)”，也就是说作者提出的建议是穿工作服。故选A项。3．答案 F解析 根据小标题KeepaConsistentSchedule及本段第一句话“我们中的许多人在一个特定的框架内工作时会更有效”可知，这里正好解释了为什么作者会提出这种建议，承接上文，故F项切题。故选F项。4．答案 G解析 G项(对于那些想在家照顾学龄儿童的人来说，这是一个很好的建议。)与小标题BeFlexiblewithYourFamilyTime(灵活安排家庭时间)一致且与后文相呼应。故选G项。5．答案 C解析 根据小标题可知，作者建议要有一个后备计划。根据空后“它应该离你家很近，有可靠的网络连接，这样你可以安心工作”可知，C项(你需要一个备用工作区)符合语境，空后的It就是指代C项中的“analternativeworkspace.”。故选C项。Ⅰ.高频词汇积累1．athleten．运动员；运动健儿2．despiteprep.尽管；虽然3．competev．竞争；参加比赛4．defeatv．击败；使失败n．失败；击败5．charactern．性格；特点；特色；人物6．appealv．呼吁，对……有吸引力n．呼吁；上诉；吸引力7．conservationn．保护；节约8．exploitationn．开发；利用9．challengen．挑战vt.向……挑战
10．flexibleadj.柔韧的；灵活的；易弯曲的Ⅱ.长难句分析Thefrequencywithwhichitisborrowedmirrorsaheateddebateonenvironmentalprotection：whethertoplacewildernessattheheartofwhatistobepreserved.[句式分析] 该句为复合句。本句主干为：Thefrequencymirrorsaheateddebate，withwhich引导定语从句，修饰先行词frequency；whether＋todo作debate的同位语，what引导的从句作介词of的宾语。[自主翻译] 它(这句名言)被借用的频率反映了一个关于环境保护的激烈争论：是否要把荒野保护放在核心位置。[仿写运用] 在我们学校举办的展览告诉我们可以做些什么来阻止空气污染。Theexhibitionheldinourschooltellsuswhatwecandotostopairpollution.
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