Unit3Themeaningofcolour
[背会单词]1．___________vt.废除，废止(法律、制度、习俗等)2．__________vt.&vi.致敬；敬礼n.致敬；敬礼3．____________n．平等，均等→_________adj.平等的；相等的vt.等于；比得上4．_____________vt.象征，代表→__________n．象征；符号；标志abolishsaluteequalityequalsymbolizesymbol
5．___________n．正义，公正；司法制度→________adj.公正的；正直的6．___________n．诚实，老实→__________adj.诚实的7．__________vi.反对，不赞成→_____________n．反对，异议8．______________vi.&n．妥协，让步9．______________n．分离；隔离→____________adj.单独的；分开的vt.使分离；使分开justicejusthonestyhonestobjectobjectioncompromiseseparationseparate
10．__________vt.&vi.顺从；投降；提交11．______________vt.&vi.替换，替代n.替代者，替代品12．__________n．纯洁，纯净→________adj.纯洁的；纯净的→__________vt.净化；使纯净；提纯13．_________________adj.令人失望的；令人沮丧的→________________adj.感到失望的；感到沮丧的→______________vt.使失望submitsubstitutepuritypurepurifydisappointingdisappointeddisappoint
14．______________n．相似点，相像处；相似性→___________adj.相似的；相同的15．_____________adj.有抱负的；野心勃勃的→____________n．雄心，抱负；野心similaritysimilarambitiousambition
16．______________n．职业，工作；侵占，占领→__________vt.占领，占据；使忙碌17．______________adj.一致的，始终如一的；连续的18．_____________adj.任意的；专制的；专横的occupationoccupyconsistentarbitrary
[记牢短语]19．_____________随意；随机20．________________追溯到，始于21．__________________随心所欲22．__________________脱离，分离23．________________________一定会做某事；有义务/责任做某事atrandomdatebacktogetone'swaysplitofffrombeboundtodosth.
[悟通句式]24．这引发了战争，也使美国获得了独立。Thisledtowar，andtoAmerica____________________________．25．Theflag，_________ismadeupofaredbandoverawhiteone，isbasedonanationalflagdatingbacktothe13thcentury，_________hadnineredandwhitestripes.这面国旗由上红下白的两道彩条组成，是以十三世纪的九道红白条的印尼国旗为基础的。gainingitsindependencewhichwhich
单词短语集释1．objectvi.反对，不赞成[教材原句]WhentheAmericansobjectedtothis，theBritishwouldnotcompromise...当美洲人对此表示反对时，英国人没有让步……
①Thereareover58，000rockyobjectsinspace，about900ofwhichcouldfalldownontotheearth._____②Theobjectofthegameistoimproveourchildren'smathsskills._____③Robsonstronglyobjectedtothetermsofthecontract._________CAB
(1)objecttodoingsth.反对做某事objectthat...反对……(2)oppose/beopposedto/beagainstdoingsth.反对做某事(3)agreetodosth./approveofdoingsth.同意/赞成做某事
④Manymiddleschoolteachersdon'tapproveofstudents'usingmobilephonesoncampus.→Manymiddleschoolteachers_____________________________________mobilephonesoncampus.→Manymiddleschoolteachers_____________________________________mobilephonesoncampus.→Manymiddleschoolteachers_____________________________________mobilephonesoncampus.opposestudents/students'usingobjecttostudents/students'usingareopposedtostudents/students'using
2．compromisevi.&n．妥协，让步[教材原句]WhentheAmericansobjectedtothis，theBritishwouldnotcompromise...当美洲人对此表示反对时，英国人没有让步……
①Encourageyourchildtoreachacompromisebetweenwhathewantsandwhatyouwantsinceit'shardtopleaseboth.______________________________________________________________________________鼓励你的孩子在他想要的和你想要的之间达成妥协，因为要使双方都高兴是很难的。
②Johnhadplannedtomakeacompromise，butsomehowhechangedhismindatthelastminute.____________________________________________________________③Theyfounditwisertocompromisewithher.________________________________约翰本打算妥协的，但不知为什么，他在最后一刻改变了想法。他们觉得与她妥协更明智。
reachacompromisebetween...and...在……和……之间达成妥协makeacompromise妥协，让步compromisewithsb.onsth.就某事与某人妥协
④Bothsideshaveagreedtomeet，inthehopeof______________________(达成妥协)．⑤Theteacheriskindtoeverystudentbuthe_______________________(不让步)inmattersofprinciple.reachingacompromisemakesnocompromise
3．submitvi.&vt.顺从；投降；提交[教材原句]．..theydeclaredthattheywouldnolongersubmittoBritishrule.……他们宣布他们不再屈从于英国的统治。
A．toformallygivesomethingtosomeonesothattheycanmakeadecisionaboutitB．toacceptthatsomeonehasdefeatedyouorhaspoweroveryouC．toagreetoobeyarule，alaw，orthedecisionofsomeoneinauthority
①AllcountriesintheEuropeanUnionmustsubmittoitslaws._____②AllthesedocumentsmustbesubmittedtotheuniversityyouareapplyingforbeforeNovember._____③AlthoughtheRomanscouldn'tbeforcedtopaytaxes，theycouldn'tvoteunlesstheyagreedtosubmittothegovernment._________CAB
submittheplan/application/comments/aclaim提交计划/申请/评论/声明submittoourfate/athreat/themajority屈服于我们的命运/威胁/多数人submittotherule/regulation遵守规则/条例submitoneselfto自愿服从/遵守
④Allapplications_____________________(必须提交)byFridayforapproval.⑤Allthestudentsmust_________________________________(遵守这些新规则)．Whoeverbreaksthemshallfacepunishment.mustbesubmittedsubmittothenewregulations
4．datebackto追溯到，始于[教材原句]Theflag，whichismadeupofaredbandoverawhiteone，isbasedonanationalflagdatingbacktothe13thcentury，whichhadnineredandwhitestripes.这面国旗由上红下白的两道彩条组成，是以十三世纪的九道红白条的印尼国旗为基础的。
①Thesesculpturesmustdatefromthemiddleofthe7thcentury._______________________________________②Thetraditionalfriendshipbetweenourtwocountriesdatesbacktoancientdays.______________________________________________这些雕刻品肯定可以追溯到7世纪中叶。我们两国之间的传统友谊要追溯到遥远的过去。
[用法归纳](1)datebackto相当于datefrom，意思是“追溯到；始于”，没有进行时，也不用于被动语态。(2)datebackto/datefrom单独作谓语时要使用一般现在时，而不是一般过去时(因为它表示从现在往过去追溯)。ThecastledatesbacktotheAncientRomedays.此城堡建于古罗马时代。
(3)但如果所谈论的主体现在已不存在，则可以用一般过去时。Thechurch，whichdatedbacktothe13thcentury，wasdestroyedinanearthquakein2016.那座教堂是13世纪建成的，2016年在一次地震中被毁了。(4)datingbackto/datingfrom作后置定语。Thetempledatingbacktothe10thcenturyhasalonghistory.这座始建于10世纪的寺庙历史悠久。
(5)datingbackto/datingfrom作状语。DatingfromtheSongDynasty，theConfucianTempleofNanjinghasnowdevelopedintoafamousscenicspot，featuringsightseeing，shoppingandtastyfoods.始于宋朝的南京夫子庙已经发展成为一个著名的景点，以观光、购物和美食为特色。
③Chinahasmanyfamoushistoricsites，oneofwhich，_________________(始于)the16century，exhibitsfineexamplesofthearchitectureofthattime.④Aftervisitingtheamusementpark，wewereshownaroundthetemple_________________________________________(追溯到)theHanDynasty.datingfrom/backtowhich/thatdatesbackto/datingbackto
5．substitutevi.&vt.替换，替代n.替代者，替代品[教材原句]．..IrelandsplitofffromBritaintoformanindependentcountry，andtheIrishsubstitutedanewflagfortheoldone.……爱尔兰脱离了英国成为一个独立的国家，爱尔兰人用新的国旗替换了原来的国旗。
①It'sverywiseofthemanagertosubstituteexperiencedworkersforgreenhandsintheassemblyline.________②Markwillsubstituteformetomorrow.________③JapanandIndiadecidedtoseekcooperationinrecyclingandfindingsubstitutesforraremetalsandminerals.____________________替换替代替代品，替代者
substituteAforB用A代替/替换Bsubstitutefor代替，顶替
④Canyou_____________________________(顶替这名歌手)whoisill?⑤MichaelOwenhadto__________________(被换下)after20minutesonthefield.substituteforthesingerbesubstituted
6．boundadj.一定会；受……约束(而必须做某事)；准备前往(某地)[教材原句]．..thenyouareboundtobedisappointed.……那么你一定会失望的。
①Whenyouaredealingwithsomanypatients，mistakesareboundtohappen.____________②Ifherpatientthreatenstokillsomeone，sheisboundtoinformthepolicebylaw.______________________一定会有义务/有责任
beboundtodosth.一定会做某事；有义务/责任做某事beboundfor开往；以……为目的地beboundupwithsth.与某物有密切关系beboundupinsth.忙于/热衷于某事Climatechangeiscloselyboundupwiththewholeissueofenergyconsumption.气候的变化与整个能源消耗问题密切相关。ThisshipwasboundforItaly.这艘船驶向意大利。
③Withmillionsofgraduatesandunemployedrecentgraduateshittingthejobmarket，2022_______________(一定)beyetanotheryearofexceedinglydifficultjobhuntingforyoungChinese.④Weall_________________________(觉得有必要保护)theenvironment.isboundtofeelboundtoprotect
7．ambitionn．雄心，抱负；野心[教材原句]Forexample，yellowshowsthatacharacterhasgreatintelligenceandambition.例如，黄色代表一个人拥有智慧和雄心。
①Hissonwasfilledwithambitiontobecomeagreatinventor.______________________________________②Therealizationofhisambitionmakeshimveryhappy.________________________________他儿子一心想成为一名伟大的发明家。他抱负的实现使他很高兴。
(1)theambitiontodosth.做某事的志向achieve/realizeone'sambition实现某人的抱负(2)ambitiousadj.有抱负的，野心勃勃的Heisanambitiouslawyer.他是位雄心勃勃的律师。
③Shehassome_____________(ambition)expansionplansforherbusiness.④Theywereveryambitious_______theirchildren.⑤Ithadbeenmylifelongambition____________(coach)aleadingteam.ambitiousfortocoach
8．occupationn．职业，工作；侵占，占领[教材原句]Name，nationality，age，occupationandhaircolourareexamplesofdifferentcategories.姓名、国籍、年龄、职业和发色是分属不同类别的实例。
①Mr.Smithhasmanyoccupationsincludinggardeningandwine－making._____②Oneofherchildhoodoccupationswascollectingstamps._____CD
③ThenewapartmentwillbereadyforoccupationinSeptember._____④Theyhavebeenlivingunderthethreatofoccupation._________AB
(1)occupationaladj.职业的，工作的；军事占领的occupationalgroups职业群体anoccupationaldisease职业病(2)occupyvt.占领，占据occupytheseat占座位keepsb.occupied使某人忙碌occupyoneselfwith/indoingsth.忙于某事
⑤Ihavebeenoccupyingmyself________myworkthatIhaven'thadtimeforsocialactivities.⑥Peoplelivedapoorlifeduringthe______________(occupy)ofJapan.⑦Lookingaftersevenchildrenkeptherfully____________(occupy)．withoccupationoccupied
9．consistentadj.一致的；始终如一的；连续的[教材原句]Colourisamediumforexpressingdifferentfeelings，butthemeaningofcolourisnotconsistentacrossdifferentcultures.颜色是表达不同感觉的媒介，但色彩的含义在不同的文化中是不一致的。
(1)beconsistentin(doing)sth.在(做)某事方面是一直不变的beconsistentwithsth.与……一致(2)consistentlyadv.一致地，始终如一地(3)consistencyn．一致性；连贯性
①Theresultsareentirely______________(consistent)withourearlierresearch.②Weneedtoensurethe_______________(consistent)ofservicetoourcustomers.[实战贴士]“与……一致”的其他表达方式还有：agreewith/correspondwith。consistentconsistency
经典句型归纳1．Thisledtowar，andtoAmerica_______itsindependence.这引发了战争，也使美国获得了独立。[句型解析]leadto中的to是介词，其后接动词－ing作宾语。Americagainingitsindependence是动名词的复合结构，其中America是gainingitsindependence的逻辑主语，逻辑主语也可用America's。如果是被动关系，则用leadtosb./sth.beingdone。另外，leadto也可转换成resultin或contributeto。gaining
①Davidhadbeenwarnedtobepunctual，buthewaslateagain，whichcausedhimtobedismissed.→Davidhadbeenwarnedtobepunctual，buthewaslateagain，which___________________________________________________________．②Thecarelessdesignofthebuildingledtothemtearingitdown.→Thecarelessdesignofthebuildingledto______________________．ledto/contributedto/resultedinhimbeingdismisseditbeingtorndown
2．Theflag，_____ismadeupofaredbandoverawhiteone.isbasedonanationalflagdatingbacktothe13thcentury，_____hadnineredandwhitestripes.这面国旗由上红下白的两道彩条组成，是以十三世纪的九道红白条的印尼国旗为基础的。whichwhich
[句型解析]此句含有两个which引导的非限制性定语从句，第一个定语从句whichismadeupofaredbandoverawhiteone修饰先行词theflag，可以转换成过去分词短语：madeupofaredbandoverawhiteone；第二个定语从句whichhadnineredandwhitestripes修饰anationalflag，可以转换成现在分词短语：havingnineredandwhitestripes。在这两个非限制性定语从句中，which均作主语。
Untilnow，wehaveraised50，000poundsforthepoorchildren，whichisquiteunexpected.到现在为止，我们已经为那些贫穷的孩子募集了五万英镑，这一点完全没有预料到。IborrowedthebookSherlockHolmesfromthelibrarylastweek，whichmyclassmatesrecommendedtome.上个星期我从图书馆借了本《福尔摩斯》，这是我的同学推荐给我的。
①Asachild，Jackstudiedinavillageschool，_____________________________________(这所学校以他的祖父名字命名的)．②Itisreportedthattwoschools，____________________________________________(两所学校都正在我们家乡兴建)，willopennextyear.whichisnamedafterhisgrandfatherbothofwhicharebeingbuiltinourhometown
Ⅰ.语段填空(用所给词的适当形式)1．After______________，peopleliveahappylife.Andpeoplethinktechnologyhasthepowerto____________themfromhardwork.(liberate)2．Since____________(equal)ishighlyvaluedinsociety，bothmenandwomenaresupposedtohave_________(equal)opportunitiesinfindingajob.3．The_____________isreadyto__________others.(assist)liberationliberateequalityequalassistantassist
4．Lying，cheatingoracting_______________willdomoredamagetoyouthantoothersbecause___________isavirtue.(honest)5．Inthecaseof______________ordivorce，thechildren'sneedsshouldcomefirst，soparentsshouldn'tlive______________withtheirchildren.(separate)6．Environmentalistsregularlytestthe__________ofthewaterandfindthatthiskindofwaterweedhelp__________theair.(pure)dishonestlyhonestyseparationseparatelypuritypurify
7．Therearemany________________(similar)anddifferencesbetweentheculturesandcustomsofdifferentcountries.WheninRome，doastheRomansdo.When_________(face)withdifficultyinforeigncountries，forexample，inEgypt，weneedtokeepourspiritup.8．Thoughshewas_____________，sheneverachievedher____________ofbecomingafamouswriter.(ambition)9．I'vealwaysbeen____________aboutgivingpeoplemyphonenumberandIhopeyoualsodoitwith___________．(caution)similaritiesfacedambitiousambitioncautiouscaution
atrandomobjecttosubmittosplitofffromintheredbegreenwithenvyintheblacksubstituteforbeconsistentinbefundamentalto
1．Wereceivedseveralanswers，andwepickedone_____________．2．Asweallknow，water_____________________survival.3．EventhoughJimandBobaregoodfriends，Jim_______________lendinghisIDcardtoBobtoapplyforacreditcard.4．Weshouldn't_____________ourfate.Instead，weshouldtakeapositiveattitudetowardsthepresentsituation.atrandomisfundamentaltoobjectedtosubmitto
5．Theadvertiser__________________hispartnerandstartedacompanyofhisown.6．Sheoften___________________absentteachersintheirSpanishclasses.7．Whentraininganimals，youmust____________________commandsandexpectations.splitofffromsubstitutesforbeconsistentin
8．Afterfivequarters______________，thebusinesswillsoonbeprofitable.9．BytheendofthefirstyearStarNetwas________________andCauthornwasrecognizednationallyforhisaccomplishments.10．Maybehe_______________________becauseIgotthejobandhedidn't.intheredintheblackwasgreenwithenvy
Ⅲ.句型转换1．UnlessourmanagerobjectstoJohn'sjoiningtheclub，weshallaccepthimasamember.→Unlessourmanager___________________________theclub，weshallaccepthimasamember.opposesJohn'sjoining
2．Theoldvase，whichdatesfromtheHanDynasty，doesn'tneedtoberepaired.→Theoldvase，__________________theHanDynasty，doesn'tneedtoberepaired.3．Pleasedon'tlietoyourteacher.Heissuretofindoutsoonerorlater.→Pleasedon'tlietoyourteacher.He_______________findoutsoonerorlater.datingbacktoisboundto
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4．IrinaandMarcuswerebusywithpreparationsfortheirwedding.→IrinaandMarcus__________________________________preparationsfortheirwedding.5．ItmustbeGeorge.Theseactionscorrespondwithhiswords.→ItmustbeGeorge.Theseactions_______________________hiswords.wereoccupyingthemselveswithareconsistentwith
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