必修三Unit5Canada—“TheTrueNorth”
1必备知识·盘点夯基2核心素养·精讲层练3高效演练·素能提升
1必备知识·盘点夯基
Ⅰ．单词立体巧记chatscenerymeasureaboardwithin
broadnearbypleasedtopicconfirmdawnharbour
scenerywithinconfirmmeasuring
chattingaboardpleasedharbours
surroundsurroundingssurroundingslightslightlytraditiontraditionaltraditionally
impressimpressiveimpressionterrifyterrifiedterrifyingterrorterrible
wealthywealthmixmixturedistancedistant
surroundingsurroudingsterrifyingterrifiedimpressionimpressed
distancedistantwealthywealthmixedmixture
联想积累：1．“-y”后缀常见形容词聚焦①wealth→wealthy富有的②thirst→thirsty渴的；渴望的③taste→tasty美味的④sleep→sleepy困的⑤guilt→guilty内疚的；有罪的⑥health→healthy健康的
2．“说”法荟萃①chatvi.&n.聊天；闲聊②whispervi.小声说；耳语③informvt.通知；告知④announcevt.宣告；宣布⑤declarevt.宣布；声明⑥statevt.声明；陈述
3．“可怕的”高频形容词①terrifying极其可怕的；吓人的②frightening吓人的；可怕的③alarming令人惊恐的④awful可怕的；惊人的⑤horrible恐怖的
Ⅱ．短语语境助记ratherthansettledownbesurroundedby/withmanagetodocatchsightofhaveagiftfor
inthedistanceasfarasatdawnbeimpressedwith...inchargeofdreamof/aboutbefamousfor
inthedistancehasagiftforAtdawnisfamousfor
settledowncaughtsightofmanagedtoget
Ⅲ．句式运用速记ratherthanthelanguage
Leavesfallinghereandthere
AsfarasI’mconcerned
2核心素养·精讲层练
surroundingadj.周围的；附近的surroundingsn.环境(常用复数)1．surroundvi.&vt.包围；围绕
surroundsb./sth.withsb./sth.用某人/某物包围某人/某物besurroundedby/with…被……包围
surroundings指周围具体的、物质性的环境，而environment指对人的发展产生影响的自然环境或生活的环境条件。Theboygrewupinbeautifulsurroundingsbutnotinahappyhomeenvironment.这个男孩成长的周边环境很漂亮，但家庭环境不幸福。
夯基—单句语法填空。①(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)Andwhenhesawthemistsrisingfromtheriverandthesoftclouds_____________(surround)themountaintops,hewasreducedtotears.②(2019·江苏卷)Stevearrivedandsatinthefrontrow,____________(surround)byhisfamily.surroundingsurrounded
③(浙江高考)Surroundyourself______upliftingindividualswhochallengeyoutobebetterwhilelovingyouforwhoyouare.④(福建高考书面表达)Onlyinthiswaycanweliveinmorecomfortableandbeautiful______________(surround).withsurroundings
提能—单句写作/句式升级。⑤远处那栋高楼是我爸爸公司的所在地。Thetallbuilding_______________ishometomyfather’scompany.⑥那栋高楼被许多枫树所环绕。Thetallbuilding________________agreatmanymapletrees.⑦用过去分词短语作后置定语连接⑤⑥句：__________________________________________________________________________________________inthedistanceissurroundedbyThetallbuildingsurroundedbyagreatmanymapletreesinthedistanceishometomyfather’scompany.
measurementn.尺寸；大小；测量2．measurevi.&vt.测量；衡量；判定n.计量制；计量单位；措施(1)measure…by…用……来衡量……bemeasuredby/in用……来衡量/计算(2)takemeasures/steps/actiontodosth.采取措施做某事makesth.toone’sownmeasure为某人量身定做某物takeone’smeasure给某人量尺寸
measure意为“有……长(宽、高、重)”时为不及物动词，常用主动形式。Theclassroommeasures30feetlongand20feetwide.这个教室长30英尺，宽20英尺。
夯基—单句语法填空。①It’sgenerallyacknowledgedthateducationshouldn’t____________(measure)onlybyexaminationresults.②Somevillagersreportedahugesnake,___________(measure)overtwometreslong,wasfounddeadinanearbycave.③Thecoatwasmade____yourmeasure,soitfittedyouwell.bemeasuredmeasuringto
提能—一句多译。依我看来，该是我们采取措施阻止空气污染的时候了。④Inmyview,itishightimethatwe______________________________________tokeeptheairfrombeingpolluted.⑤AsfarasI’mconcerned,it’shightimeforus_____________________________tostoptheairfrombeingpolluted.took/shouldtakemeasures/steps/actiontotakemeasures/steps/action
distantadj.遥远的；远处的；久远的3．distancen.距离；远方；遥远；疏远v.不介入；与……疏远(1)inthedistance在远方atadistance隔一段距离；距离稍远atadistanceof…在……远的地方fromadistance由远处；从远方withinwalkingdistance在能步行的范围内
(2)keepsb.atadistance对……冷淡；与……疏远keepone’sdistance(from…)(与……)保持距离；疏远；避免(与……)亲近(3)distanceoneselffrom…不介入；与……疏远
(1)inthedistance在远方atadistance隔一段距离；距离稍远atadistanceof…在……远的地方fromadistance由远处；从远方withinwalkingdistance在能步行的范围内
夯基—单句语法填空。①Wespottedthemwavingtous____adistanceoftwohundredyards.②Weoftenwalktothebeach,whichis________walkingdistanceofmyhouse.atwithin
③Itwasdifficulttogetalongwellwithherbecauseshealwayskepteveryone____adistance.④Doyouknow______thedistancefromBeijingtoShanghaiis?⑤(牛津高阶)Shewaswarnedtokeepherdistance______Charlesifshedidn’twanttogethurt.atwhatfrom
提能—熟词生义。⑥Tomwascoldanddistantandwedidn’tlikehim.________提能—单句写作。⑦(2018·浙江卷写作)Muchtoourdelight,thesoundofwater_______________caughtourattentionanddroveustotheriverbank.令我们高兴的是，远处的水声吸引了我们的注意，把我们引到了河边。冷淡的inthedistance
impressionn.印象impressiveadj.给人深刻印象的4．impressvt.给留下印象；使铭记
夯基—单句语法填空。①(天津卷书面表达)What___________(impress)usmostareyourartskills,inwhichyoushowedoutstandingtalent.②(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)Youwillsurely_____________(impress)withthosebeautifulpaper-cuttingartworks.③TheirChinesepeersinthetypicalChinesedresswouldbehighly____________(impress).impressesbeimpressedimpressive
提能—一句多译。(2019·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)我坚信今年的音乐节会给你留下深刻的印象。④Iholdthefirmbeliefthatthisyear’smusicfestivalwill__________________.(impress)⑤Iholdthefirmbeliefthatyouwill_______________________thisyear’smusicfestival.(impressed)⑥Idobelievethatthisyear’smusicfestivalwillsurely___________________________.(impression)impressyoudeeplybedeeplyimpressedwithleaveadeepimpressiononyou
5．settledown定居；平静下来；专心于(1)settledowntodoingsth.专心致志于做某事；着手认真做某事settlein/into搬进新居；安顿下来；适应新的工作环境settleaproblem/anargument解决问题/争议(2)settlementn.解决；处理；协议；定居点；殖民地reach/arriveatasettlement达成协议settlern.移民；殖民者
夯基—写出下列句中settledown的含义。①(天津卷)Mr.andMrs.Brownwouldliketoseetheirdaughtersettledown,getmarried,andhavekids.________________②Theysettleddowntoaseriousdiscussionovercoffee.______③Italwaystakestheclassawhiletosettledownatthestartofthelesson.__________定居；安顿下来着手安静下来
夯基—单句语法填空。④Theteachertoldthestudentstosettle______andstudythetext.⑤Beforewesettledownto____________(discuss)otherthings,I’veaquestiontoaskyou.⑥Welovepeaceandhopethattheproblemcan___________(settle)inapeacefulway.⑦(牛津高阶)Themanagerandtheworkershavereacheda____________(settle)overnewworkingconditions.downdiscussingbesettledsettlement
提能—单句写作。⑧Myparentswishme________________________________________ofmyschoolassoonaspossible.父母希望我安定下来，尽快适应学校的新环境。tosettledownandadapttothenewenvironment
6．managetodo…设法做某事managesb.设法对付某人managesth.经营/管理某事物(如公司或组织)manageit能做到
夯基—单句语法填空。①IhadhopedtosendPeteragifttocongratulatehimonhismarriage,butIcouldn’tmanage____.②Imanaged________(rent)abigenoughhousetotakeinahandfulofpeople.＝Isucceededin_________(rent)abigenoughhousetotakeinahandfulofpeople.ittorentrenting
提能—熟词生义。③Suchanaughtyboyisreallyhardtomanage.______提能—单句写作。④(高考书面表达)Itwasbecauseofthisandmyeffortinclass________________________________intheEnglishContestheldrecentlyinourschool.正因为如此，也正因为我在课堂上的努力，我在我们学校最近举办的英语竞赛中获得了第一名。对付thatImanagedtogetthefirstplace
7．catchsightof看见……；发现……losesightof…看不见……loseone’ssight失明atthesightof…一看见……atfirstsight乍一见outofsight看不见；在视野外in/withinsight在视野内
夯基—用上述短语完成句子。①Onlyashort-sightedmanwill_____________theimportanceofeducation.只有鼠目寸光的人才会看不见教育的重要性。②Thewindpartedthesmokejustenoughforhimto______________thevillage.风吹散了烟使得他正好能够看见这个村庄。losesightofcatchsightof
③(2018·浙江卷)AfterawhileUnclePaulandhisfarmhousewere____________.过了一会儿，保罗叔叔和他的农场小屋都看不见了。④Shecouldn’thelpcrying______________hermother.一看到母亲，她情不自禁地哭了起来。⑤Theyfellinlove______________，andthreemonthslater,theygotmarried.他们一见钟情，三个月之后，他们就结婚了。outofsightatthesightofatfirstsight
本句中的somemeasuringover90meters为独立主格结构，相当于andsomeofthemmeasureover90meters。8．Itissowettherethatthetreesareextremelytall,somemeasuringover90meters.那儿湿度很大，所以树都长得特别高，一些树测量起来高达90多米。
(1)独立主格结构在语法上是一个独立的短语，而非句子，相当于状语从句，可表示时间、原因、条件、方式或伴随情况。(2)独立主格结构的构成：(with)＋名词(主格代词)＋现在分词/过去分词/动词不定式/形容词/副词/介词短语。
夯基—完成句子。①Batsaresurprisinglylong-livedcreatures,______________________________________(有些寿命大约20年).②_________________________(考虑到各种因素),theplannedtripwillhavetobecalledoff.somehavingalifespanofaround20yearsAllthefactorsconsidered
③___________________________________________(有许多棘手的问题要解决),thenewly-electedpresidentishavingahardtime.④__________________________________(因天气炎热),theydecidedtogooutforaswim.Withsomanydifficultproblemstosettle/solveTheweatherbeinghot(＝Itbeinghot)
9．It’stoobadyoucan’tgoasfarasOttawa,Canada’scapital.很可惜，你们不能一直走到加拿大的首都渥太华。asfaras意为“远至……；就……而言；尽……所能”。与此相关的句型有：asfarassb./sth.isconcerned就某人/物而言asfarastheeyecansee/reach就视力所能及
asfarasIcansee/tell依我看/说asfarasIknow据我所知asfarasitgoes在一定程度上(通常指不足)
夯基—完成句子。①Standinghere,youcansee_________thefootofthehill.站在这里，你可以一直看到山脚下。②Hisparentssupportedhim_________theycould.他父母竭尽全力支持他。③______________，itisconvenienttodoshoppinginthatsmalltown.据我所知，在那个小镇购物很方便。asfarasasfarasAsfarasIknow
提能—单句写作。④(江西高考书面表达)就我个人而言，户外运动不仅能使我们接近大自然，而且能让我们从沉重的学习任务中摆脱出来得以放松。____________________________________，notonlydoesoutdoorexercise____________________butalsogivesusrelaxationfromheavyschoolwork.AsfarasIamconcerned/AsfarasIcanseegetusclosetonature
10．Ratherthantaketheaeroplanealltheway,theydecidedtoflytoVancouverandthentakethetrainfromwesttoeastacrossCanada.她们不想一路乘飞机，而是决定先飞到温哥华，再从西海岸乘火车横穿加拿大到达东海岸。(1)ratherthan而不是，连接平行结构(2)otherthan不同于；除了orrather更确切地说morethan多于；不仅仅；非常
(1)ratherthan连接两个名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词应与ratherthan前面的名词或代词在人称和数上保持一致。YouratherthanIaregoingtogocamping.是你而不是我要去野营。(2)wouldrather＋从句，从句中谓语动词用虚拟语气，一般过去时表示对现在或将来的愿望；过去完成时表示对过去的愿望。Iwouldratheryoudidn’tdoanythingforthetimebeing.我宁愿你暂时先不要采取什么措施。
夯基—用than的相关短语填空。①(重庆卷书面表达)Itisthetimeandenergywespendonthepresentthatmakesitvaluable____________thepricewepay.②Asamatteroffact,Idon’tknowanyFrenchpeople___________you.③(2019·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)I’m__________delightedtoinformyouthatthisyear’smusicfestivalwillbeheldshortly.ratherthanotherthanmorethan
提能—一句多译如果我不得不放弃其中一个，我会关掉电视而不是关掉我的手机。④IfIhadtogiveuponeofthem,I______________________________________mycellphone.(woulddosth.ratherthandosth.)⑤IfIhadtogiveuponeofthem,I______________________________________mycellphone.(wouldratherdosth.thandosth.)⑥IfIhadtogiveuponeofthem,I_________________________________________mycellphone.(prefer)wouldturnofftheTVratherthanswitchoffwouldratherturnofftheTVthanswitchoffprefertoturnofftheTVratherthanswitchoff
3高效演练·素能提升
Ⅰ．单句语法填空1．Myfirst____________(impress)ofhimwasthathewasakindandthoughtfulyoungman.解析：考查名词。句意：我对他的第一印象是他是一个善良且有思想的年轻人。在形容词性的物主代词my之后，故填impression。impression
2．Heheardsomeonefollowinghim，andglancedround.Hecaughtsight____adarkfigureintheshadows.解析：考查介词。句意：他听到有人在跟踪他，便向周围扫了一眼，发现阴暗处有一个黑影。catchsightof“看见；瞥见”，符合句意。故填介词of。of
3．Theequipmentfordisabledpeopleshouldbe________easyreachinpublicplaces.解析：考查介词短语。句意：在公共场所，残疾人使用的设施应该方便残疾人。由句意可知，填within，withineasyreach“在附近(距离不远)”。within
4．Scientistshavefoundevidence______globalwarmingcausedtheworld’sfirsthorsestobecomesmallernearly50millionyearsago.解析：考查同位语从句。句意：科学家们已经找到证据，证明大约5000万年前，全球变暖使世界上首批马的个头变小了。根据句意可知，空后说的是evidence的内容，并且句中不缺少成分，所以用that引导同位语从句。that
5．—Whendidyougethomelastnight?—Itwasalmostmidnight______wearrivedhome.解析：考查状语从句。句意：——你们昨晚什么时候到家的？——我们到家的时候差不多是午夜了。答语中“Itwasalmostmidnight”为主句，空处引导时间状语从句，应用连词when。此题容易误填that，误把答语当作强调句型。如果是强调句型，应是：Itwasatmidnightthatwearrivedhome.。when
6．—Haveyoufinishedthereport?—Oh,sorry.ItwassonoisyintheofficethatIcouldn’tsettle______towritinganything.解析：考查动词短语。答语句意：哦，抱歉。办公室里太吵了以至于我都静不下心来写东西。settledown意为“平静下来；专心于”。故填down。down
7．(2020·新高考卷)Inthe18thand19thcenturies,_________(wealth)peopletravelledandcollectedplants,historicalobjectsandworksofart.解析：考查词性转换。此处是形容词作定语修饰名词people。故填wealthy。8．Mostpeoplewouldagreethatnuclearscienceshouldbedevelopedtobenefitthehumanbeings________thanharmthem.解析：考查固定短语。句意：绝大多数人同意核科技发展应该造福人类而非危害人类。ratherthan表示“而不是；而非”之意。故填rather。wealthyrather
9．—Ourjourneycostalotofmoney.—Really?Well，thatdoesn’tmatter_______longasyouenjoyedyourselves.解析：考查引导状语从句的连词。句意：——我们的旅行花了很多钱。——真的吗？不过没关系，只要你们玩得愉快。as/solongas“只要”。故填so/as。so/as
10．Acompany_______profitsfromhomemarketsaredecliningmayseekopportunitiesabroad.解析：考查定语从句。句意：一家在国内市场利润下降的公司可能会去国外谋求机会。分析题意和句子结构可知，主句中acompany是主语，mayseek是谓语，opportunities是宾语，而所填词要引导一个定语从句，该从句中profits是主语，aredeclining是谓语，profits前缺少定语，而且profits与先行词构成所属关系，故用whose引导定语从句，同时whose在从句中作profits的定语，符合题意和结构要求。whose
11．Itwasnotuntilsecondaryschools______Americansgenerallybegintoteachforeignlanguages.解析：考查强调句。强调含有not…until…的句子用itis/wasnotuntil…that…结构，故填that。12．Themusicianhadagift_____musicwhenhewasachild.解析：考查介词。句意：这位音乐家孩子时就有音乐天赋。haveagiftfor“对……有天赋”，为固定短语，故填for。thatfor
13．There’satraditioninouroffice______whenit’ssomebody’sbirthday,theybringinacakeforusalltoshare.解析：考查同位语从句。句意：我们办公室有一个惯例，当有人过生日时，他们要带来一个蛋糕供我们大家分享。空格处填从属连词that引导同位语从句，说明tradition的内容。that
14．Yourhouseisalwayssoneat—howdoyoumanage____withthreechildren?解析：考查固定短语。句意：你的房子总是如此整洁。在有三个孩子的情况下你是如何做到这一点的？manageit可以表示“有能力做到，能应付”。故填it。it
15．(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)Theyalsosharedwithusmany_____________(tradition)storiesaboutHawaiithatwere________(huge)popularwithtourists.解析：第一空考查词形转换。修饰名词stories应用形容词；第二空考查副词，修饰形容词popular应用副词。故填traditional；hugely。traditionalhugely
Ⅱ．单句改错1．Ialwaysprefertostartearly,ratherthanleavingeverythingtothelastminute.________________2．Istillfinditterrifiedtofindmyselfsurroundedbylargenumbersofhorses._______________________3．Wecouldn’tdecidewhethertogotoeastwardorwestward.________________leaving→leaveterrified→terrifying去掉go后面的to
4．Theharbourwasfullofsoldierswithbaggages.___________________5．TheGreatWallisoneofthemostimpressivetouristdestination,attractingtensofthousandsofvisitorsfromhomeandabroadeveryyear.___________________________6．Canadaissecondlargestcountryintheworldandasyougoeastwards,youwillseemountains._______________baggages→baggagedestination→destinationssecond前加the
Ⅲ．单句写作1．那些漂亮的剪纸艺术作品一定会给你留下深刻的印象。(1)____________________________________________________________________(beimpressedwith)(2)_______________________________________________________(impressvt.)(3)________________________________________________________________________(impressionn.)Youwillsurelybeimpressedwiththosebeautifulpaper-cuttingartworks.Thosebeautifulpaper-cuttingartworkswillsurelyimpressyou.Thosebeautifulpaper-cuttingartworkswillsurelyleaveanimpressiononyou.
2．小时候，在黑暗中睡觉让我害怕。(terrify)___________________________________________________3．他善于交流，所以在工作中他和各种人打交道都应付自如。(haveagiftfor；mix；manage)________________________________________________________________________WhenIwasyoung，goingtosleepinthedarkterrifiedme.Hehasagiftforcommunicating，sohemanagestomixallkindsofpeopleinhisjob.
4．据我所知，距离汽车站不到一百米就有一个银行。(asfaras；within)______________________________________________________________5．我总是愿意早开始，而不愿意把所有的事情都留到最后才做。(prefer；ratherthan)_____________________________________________________________________AsfarasIknow，thereisabankwithinahundredmetresofthebusstop.Ialwaysprefertostartearlyratherthanleaveeverythingtothelastminute.
Ⅳ．语篇填空LiDaiyuandhercousinLiuQianwereonatriptoCanadatovisittheircousinsontheAtlanticcoast.Ratherthan1.______(take)theaeroplanealltheway,theytookthetrainfromwesttoeastacrossCanada.Thethoughtthattheycouldcross2._____wholecontinentwasexciting．takethe
Canadaisthesecond3._________(large)countryintheworld.PeoplesayVancouverisCanada’smostbeautifulcity4.____________(surround)bymountainsandthePacificOcean.OnthenortherncoastofVancouver,itis5.____wettherethatthetreesare6.___________(extreme)tall,some7.___________(measure)over90metres．largestsurroundedextremelysomeasuring
Thatafternoonaboardthetrain,thecousinssettled8.______intheirseats.Theymanagedtocatchsightofsomemountaingoatsandevenagrizzlybearandaneagle.TheyhadlearnedthatmostCanadianslivewithin320kilometersoftheUSAborder9._____thepopulationisonly10.__________(slight)overthirtymillion．downandslightly
Ⅴ．话题写作用本单元词汇、句式和语法知识写满分作文假如你是李华，曾在加拿大留学，你的朋友李明想去加拿大留学，请你写信告诉他关于加拿大的情况。
补充要点句(加黑体部分请利用本单元所学词汇)①得知你要去加拿大留学我很高兴，我想告诉你加拿大的有关情况。_________________________________________________，soI’dliketosharewithyousomethingaboutit.②加拿大是世界第二大国，占地面积约为998万平方千米。_________________________________________withanareaofabout9．98millionsquarekilometres.IampleasedtolearnthatyouaregoingtostudyinCanadaCanadaistheworld’ssecondlargestcountry
③它是世界上湖泊和淡水最多的国家。IthasthelargestnumberoflakesandtheyprovideCanadawith_____________________________________________.④尽管气候地区差异大，但是比较冷，冬季长。(同位语从句)Despitethefact__________________________________________，itisgenerallycoldwithlongwinters.morefreshwaterthananyothercountryintheworldthattheclimatethereisdifferentfromareatoarea
⑤我建议你选择去温哥华留学，那里风景优美，学费较低。IsuggestthatyouchoosetostudyinVancouver,where____________________________________________.⑥温哥华被大山和太平洋包围，是加拿大最温暖的城市。Vancouver，_________________________________________，isCanada’swarmestcity.thesceneryisimpressiveandthetuitionislowersurroundedbymountainsandthePacificOcean
升级平淡句1．利用分词作状语升级句①________________________________________________________________________________________2．利用定语从句升级句③_________________________________________________________________________________________________PleasedtolearnthatyouaregoingtostudyinCanada，I’dliketosharewithyousomethingaboutit.IthasthelargestnumberoflakeswhichprovideCanadawithmorefreshwaterthananyothercountryintheworld.
衔接成美文(请利用适当的过渡衔接词汇，如：additionally，thus等)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________DearLiMing，PleasedtolearnthatyouaregoingtostudyinCanada,I’dliketosharewithyousomethingaboutit.Canadaistheworld’ssecondlargestcountrywithanareaofabout9.98millionsquarekilometres.Additionally,ithasthelargestnumberoflakeswhichprovideCanadawithmorefreshwaterthananyothercountryintheworld.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Despitethefactthattheclimatethereisdifferentfromareatoarea,itisgenerallycoldwithlongwinters.Thus,IsuggestthatyouchoosetostudyinVancouver,wherethesceneryisimpressiveandthetuitionislower.Vancouver,surroundedbymountainsandthePacificOcean,isCanada’swarmestcity.Yours,LiHua
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