2022年高考英语复习小题多维练（通用版）专题05：新闻报道类（解析版）

题型一：阅读理解专题05：新闻报道类题量要求：（45分钟）YoungChineseareincreasinglymakingtheirvoicesheardandinfluencingworldopinionastheytakeonmoreimportantrolesininternationalorganizationsandglobalprojects,ataceremonyinBeijinginApril,singerandactorKarryWangwasmadethenationalgoodwillambassadorfortheUnitedNationsEnvironmentProgrammebyEricSolheim,theorganization’sexecutivedirector.“Theyoutharenolongermerelyonlookerswhenitcomestoenvironmentalaction,norshouldtheybe.IwillsparenoeffortindoingeverythingIcantotakecareofourEarth,andIinviteeveryonetojoinmeingeneratingawaveofpositiveaction,”Wangsaidinhisspeechaftertheappointment.In2016,WangwidelysharedtheonlineWildforLifecampaign,whichgained400millionviews.Ayearlater,hepubliclyspokeoutontheurgentneedtoprotectendangeredwildlife,callingtheanimalsthe“superstarsoftheplanet.”Beyonddrawingattentiontowildlife,hecalledonhisfollowerstopledgetoreducetheirelectronicwaste,usingthehashtagBEATPOLLUTIONtohighlighttheissue.Within24hours,hispostwasretweeted1.67milliontimesandmorethan400,000followershadpledgedtoreducewaste.“Ouractionswillsoonbetheleveragetochangetheworld,”Wangsays,callingontheyoungergenerationinChinaandaroundtheworldtoraisetheirawarenessofenvironmentalissues.ErikSolheim,headofUNEnvironmentsays,“ItisinspiringtoseethestronganddeterminedvoiceofChineseyouthwhenitcomestotheenvironment.Whenyoungpeoplesettheirmindstochange,itisincredibletoseethegreatthingsthatcanbeaccomplished,WeareveryexcitedtoworkwithWangJunkaitocreateevenmoreawarenessabouttheenvironmentalproblemsandsolutionsforthesetimes.”AccordingtotheUNreportYouthintheCoreofSustainabilityinAsiaPacificpublishedinMarch2016,youngpeople’sparticipationwillhelpachievethesustainabledevelopmentgoalsintheAsia-Pacificregionsetfor2030.BesidesWang,otherUNEPgoodwillambassadorsincludeactressLiBingbing,actorLi Chen,EllieGoulding,BertrandPiccardandcelebritiesfromallwalksoflifebothfromChinaandabroad.5．WhatmadeKarryWangthenationalgoodwillambassador?A．drawingattentiontowildlifeB．beingasingerandactorC．focusingonenvironmentalprotectionD．effortinreducingwaste6．WhatdidWangdotoreducewaste?A．Hemadeaspeechontheissue.B．Heaskedhisfanstomakeavowonthenet.C．Heretweetedarelevantpost.D．Hecalledonhisfollowerstopickupthewaste.7．Whichofthefollowingisnottrue?A．HardlyhadKarryWangbeenthegoodwillambassadorwhenhedeliveredaspeech.B．ManyyoungpeoplearcinfluencedbyKarryWang’saction.C．Chineseyoutharemakingadifferencetothesustainabledevelopment.D．TheUNEPgoodwillambassadorsarecelebritiesfromAsia.8．Whichofthefollowingbestservesasthetitle?A．KarryWang’scontributiontoenvironmentalactionB．ThestronganddeterminedvoiceofChineseyouthC．SafeguardingourearthbythenewgenerationD．Makingwavesontheglobalstage【答案】5．A6．B7．D8．D【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了中国有越来越多的青年积极坚定地参与进了国际组织和全球项目，发出自己的声音并影响世界舆论，文中列举了王俊凯为代表，他成为了国际亲善大使。5．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Ayearlater,hepubliclyspokeoutontheurgentneedtoprotectendangeredwildlife,callingtheanimalsthe“superstarsoftheplanet.”(一年后，他公开表示迫切需要保护濒危野生动物，称这些动物是“地球上的超级明星”。)”可知，呼吁关注野生动物让王俊凯成为国际亲善大使。故选A项。 6．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Beyonddrawingattentiontowildlife,hecalledonhisfollowerstopledgetoreducetheirelectronicwaste,usingthehashtagBEATPOLLUTIONtohighlighttheissue. (除了吸引人们关注野生动物，他还呼吁粉丝们承诺减少电子垃圾，并使用“BEATPOLLUTION”的标签来突出这一问题。)”可知，王俊凯请他的粉丝在网上承诺减少浪费。故选B项。7．细节理解题。根据最后一段“BesidesWang,otherUNEPgoodwillambassadorsincludeactressLiBingbing,actorLiChen,EllieGoulding,BertrandPiccardandcelebritiesfromallwalksoflifebothfromChinaandabroad.(除王俊凯外，其他联合国环境规划署亲善大使还包括演员李冰冰、演员李晨、EllieGoulding、BertrandPiccard以及国内外各界名人。)”可知，选项D“联合国环境规划署的亲善大使是来自亚洲的名人。”是错误的。故选D项。8．主旨大意题。根据第一段中“YoungChineseareincreasinglymakingtheirvoicesheardandinfluencingworldopinionastheytakeonmoreimportantrolesininternationalorganizationsandglobalprojects(随着中国年轻人在国际组织和全球项目中扮演越来越重要的角色，他们越来越多地发出自己的声音，并影响世界舆论)”以及第五段中“ErikSolheim,headofUNEnvironmentsays,“ItisinspiringtoseethestronganddeterminedvoiceofChineseyouthwhenitcomestotheenvironment.Whenyoungpeoplesettheirmindstochange,itisincredibletoseethegreatthingsthatcanbeaccomplished,WeareveryexcitedtoworkwithWangJunkaitocreateevenmoreawarenessabouttheenvironmentalproblemsandsolutionsforthesetimes.”(联合国环境署署长ErikSolheim说：“看到中国青年在环境问题上发出的坚定而坚定的声音，令人鼓舞。当年轻人下定决心去改变的时候，看到他们可以完成伟大的事情是令人难以置信的。我们很高兴能够与王俊凯合作，为这个时代创造更多关于环境问题和解决方案的意识。”)”可知，本文主要讲述了中国有越来越多的青年积极坚定地参与进了国际组织和全球项目，发出自己的声音并影响世界舆论，文中列举了王俊凯为代表，他成为了国际亲善大使，因此本文的最佳标题选项D“在全球舞台上掀起波澜”符合题意。故选D项。InitiallySouthKoreahadbeendoingwellagainstthevirus,butinAugust,thenumberofreportedinfectionsnearlydoubled,from56to103,injusttwodays.Itreachedapeakof441 casesonAugust26beforetickingbackdowntoatleast100newinfectionsgerday.Thatmonth,thehealthministrybannedlargegatheringsandshutnightclubs,churchesandbeachestoturnthetide.Undersuchaterriblesituation,manyrestaurantshavetakeneffectivemeasurestocopewithit.Forexample,NoBrandBurger,afast-foodchaininSouthKorea,isusingrobotstotakeorders,preparefoodandbringmealsouttodiners.Asaresult,customerscanavoidanyinteractionwithahumanserverduringthepandemic（疫'情）.Customersorderandpayviatouchscreen,andthentheirrequestissenttothekitchenwhereacookingmachineheatsupthebunsandpatties.Whenit'sready,arobot“waiter”bringsouttheirtakeoutbag.Humanworkersaddtoppingstotheburgersandwrapthemupintakeoutbagsbeforepassingthemovertoservingrobots.Lastmonth,takeoutordersatNoBrandBurgeraccountedfor58percenttotalsales,upfrom42percentinJuly,accordingtothechain'sparentcompany,ShinsegaeFood.Afterarecentsecondwaveofcoronavirusinfections,restaurantsinSouthKoreawereonlyallowedtoprovidetakeoutanddeliveryafter9p.m.—arestrictionthatwasonlyliftedMonday.OtherrestaurantsinAsiahavestartedemployingrobotserversduringthepandemic.InSouthKorea,theItalianrestaurantchainMadforGarlicisusingservingrobotseven,forsit-downcustomers.Using3Dspacemappingandothertechnology,theelectronic“waiter”,knownasAglioKim,navigatesbetweentableswithuptofiveorders.MadforGarlicmanagerLeeYoung—hosaidkidsespeciallyliketherobots,whichcancarryupto66poundsintheirtrays.9．What'sthefunctionofParagraph1?A．Itshowshowseverethepandemicwas.B．Itprovidesbackgroundinformationofrobotservice.C．Itintroducesthemeasuresthegovernmenthastaken.D．Itarousespeople'sinterestinreadingthetext.10．Whyareservingrobotsputintouse?A．Tocuthumaninteractionduringthepandemic.B．Toimprovetheefficiencyofrestaurants.C．TopromoteRobottechnology. D．Toattractchildrencustomers.11．Whatcanrobotsatafast-foodchaininSouthKoreado?A．Addtoppingstotheburgers.B．Packfoodfordiners.C．BringmealsouttodinersD．Chatwithcustomers.12．Whatcanbelearnedfromthelasttwoparagraphs?A．Therobotserviceisgenerallywelcomedbycustomers.B．Otherrestaurantshavelongputrobotsintopractice.C．Restaurantscouldonlyprovidetakeoutinthedaytime.D．Childrenlikerobotsbecausetheycanplaywiththem.【答案】9．B10．A11．C12．A【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述在疫情期间餐馆用机器人接单、准备食物和给顾客送餐，这样顾客就可以避免与人类服务员产生任何互动，受到很多人的欢迎。9．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“InitiallySouthKoreahadbeendoingwellagainstthevirus,…churchesandbeachestoturnthetide.”最初韩国的抗疫局面一直不错，但八月份报告的新增病例数几乎翻了一番，两天内就从56例增至103例。8月26日韩国新增确诊病例达到了441例的高峰，之后又回落到每日新增至少100例的水平。为了扭转局势，八月份韩国卫生部禁止了大型聚会，关闭了夜总会、教堂和海滩。再根据下文提到的为了应对疫情，饭店启用机器人服务，减少和人类服务员之间的互动，由此可以推断出第一段是提供机器人服务的背景，故选B。10．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Forexample,NoBrandBurger,afast-foodchaininSouthKorea,isusingrobotstotakeorders,preparefoodandbringmealsouttodiners.Asaresult,customerscanavoidanyinteractionwithahumanserverduringthepandemic（疫'情）.”韩国快餐连锁店NoBrandBurger正在使用机器人下单、准备食物并将食物送到餐者手中。因此，客户可以避免在疫情期间与人类服务员进行任何交互。所以服务型机器人的使用切掉了人与人之间的接触。故选A。11． 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Forexample,NoBrandBurger,afast-foodchaininSouthKorea,isusingrobotstotakeorders,preparefoodandbringmealsouttodiners.”韩国快餐连锁店NoBrandBurger正在使用机器人下单、准备食物并将食物送到用餐者手中。故选C。12．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Lastmonth,takeoutordersatNoBrandBurgeraccountedfor58percenttotalsales,upfrom42percentinJuly,accordingtothechain'sparentcompany,ShinsegaeFood.OtherrestaurantsinAsiahavestartedemployingrobotserversduringthepandemic.”根据NoBrand汉堡店所属的新世界集团食品部的数据，上个月NoBrand的外卖订单占了总销量的58%，相比七月份的42%上升了。亚洲的其他餐馆在流行病期间也开始使用机器人服务器。由此可以推断出机器人服务受到越来越多的人欢迎。故选A。【点睛】推理判断题的推断对象主要包括隐含意思、目标读者、观点态度、文章出处、写作意图等。以推断隐含意义的题目居多。推断隐含意义，即要求根据文章的某个句子、段落或全文所提供的事实进行逻辑推理，推断出作者没有提到、没有明说或者可能发生的事实。题干中常含infer（推断），suggest（暗示），imply（暗示），indicate（暗示），conclude（推断，得出结论）等词语。解此类题，首先找到相关信息，然后细读、理解相关信息的字面意义，最后结合语境和常识，在字面意义的基础上进行符合逻辑的推断，从而理解作者的言外之意。如小题1，根据文章第一段“InitiallySouthKoreahadbeendoingwellagainstthevirus,…churchesandbeachestoturnthetide.”最初韩国的抗疫局面一直不错，但八月份报告的新增病例数几乎翻了一番，两天内就从56例增至103例。8月26日韩国新增确诊病例达到了441例的高峰，之后又回落到每日新增至少100例的水平。为了扭转局势，八月份韩国卫生部禁止了大型聚会，关闭了夜总会、教堂和海滩。再根据下文提到的为了应对疫情，饭店启用机器人服务，减少和人类服务员之间的互动，由此可以推断出第一段提供了机器人服务的背景，故选B。Moneywithnostringsattached.It’snotsomethingyouseeeveryday.ButatUnionStationinLosAngeleslastmonth,aboardwentupwithdollarbillsattachedtoitwithpinsandasignthatread,“GiveWhatYouCan,TakeWhatYouNeed.”Peoplequicklycaughton.Andwhilemanytookdollars,manyotherspinnedtheirowncashtotheboard.“Peopleofallages,races,andsocio-economic(社会经济的)backgroundsgaveand took,”saidTylerBridgesofTheToolbox,whichcreatedtheproject.“Weevenhadabrideinherweddingdresscomeuptotheboardandtakeafewdollars.”Mostofthebillsontheboardweresingles,butafewpeopleleftfives,tensandeventwenties.Thevideoclip(片段)showsonemanwhohadfounda$20billpinningittotheboard.“WhatIcansayforthefolksthatgavethemost,isthattheywerefullofsmiles,”Bridgessaid.“There’sacertainfeelingthatgivingcandoforyouandthatwasapparentinthosethatgavethemost.”Mostpeoplewhotookdollarstookonlyafew,butBridgessaidaverysmallnumbertookasmuchastheycould.Whiletheclipmightlooklikepartofanewadcampaign,Bridgessaidtheonlygoalwastoshowgenerosityandsympathy.HeaddedthathehopespeopleinothercitiesmighttrysimilarprojectsandposttheirownvideosontheInternet.“Afterall,everyonehasbaddaysandgooddays,”hesaid.“Somedaysyouneedahelpinghandandsomedaysyoucanbetheonegivingthehelpinghand.”21．Whatdoestheexpression“moneywithnostringsattached”inparagraph1mean?A．Moneyspentwithouthesitation.B．Moneynotlegallymade.C．Moneyofferedwithoutconditions.D．Moneynottiedtogether.22．WhatdidBridgeswanttoshowbymentioningthebride?A．Womentendedtobemoresociable.B．Theactivityattractedvariouspeople.C．Economicproblemsweregettingworse.D．Youngcouplesneededfinancialassistance.23．WhydidBridgescarryouttheproject?A．Todoatestonpeople’smorals.B．Toraisemoneyforhiscompany.C．Toearnhimselfagoodreputation.D．Topromotekindnessandsympathy.21．C22．B23．D【解析】 这是一篇新闻报道。短文报道了上个月在洛杉矶的联合车站，一块牌子上用别针别满了美元，上面写着“给予你所能给与的，拿走你所需要的”。这样的活动吸引了各种各样的人，组织者希望通过这样的活动来提倡仁慈和同情。21．词义猜测题。根据第一段中ButatUnionStationinLosAngeleslastmonth,aboardwentupwithdollarbillsattachedtoitwithpinsandasignthatread,“GiveWhatYouCan,TakeWhatYouNeed.”可知，但是上个月在洛杉矶的联合车站，一块牌子上用别针别满了美元，上面写着“给予你所能给与的，拿走你所需要的”。所以通过下文的语境，判断出第1段中的moneywithnostringsattached是“无条件提供的钱”的意思。故C项正确。22．推理判断题。根据第二段照片没给“Peopleofallages,races,andsocio-economic(社会经济的)backgroundsgaveandtook,”saidTylerBridgesofTheToolbox,whichcreatedtheproject.“Weevenhadabrideinherweddingdresscomeuptotheboardandtakeafewdollars.”可知，发起该项活动的泰勒·布里奇斯说：“所有年龄、种族和社会经济背景的人都会付出和索取。”甚至有一位穿着婚纱的新娘来到了牌子前，拿走了一些钱。所以泰勒·布里奇斯提到新娘是想说明这项活动吸引了各种各样的人。故B项正确。23．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段Whiletheclipmightlooklikepartofanewadcampaign,Bridgessaidtheonlygoalwastoshowgenerosityandsympathy.可知，尽管这段视频看起来像是一项新的广告活动的一部分，但是布里奇斯说这次活动唯一的目标是表现出慷慨和同情。所以布里奇斯开展这个活动是为了提倡仁慈和同情。故D项正确。AccordingtoarecentstudyintheJournalofConsumerResearch,boththesizeandconsumptionhabitsofoureatingcompanionscaninfluenceourfoodintake.Andcontrarytoexistingresearchthatsaysyoushouldavoideatingwithheavierpeoplewhoorderlargeportions(份),it'sthebeanpoleswithbigappetitesyoureallyneedtoavoid.Totesttheeffectofsocialinfluenceoneatinghabits,theresearchersconductedtwoexperiments.Inthefirst,95undergraduatewomenwereindividuallyinvitedintoalabtoostensibly(表面上)participateinastudyaboutmovieviewership.Beforethefilmbegan,eachwomanwasaskedtohelpherselftoasnack.Anactorhiredbytheresearchersgrabbedherfoodfirst.Inhernaturalstate,theactorweighed105pounds.Butinhalfthecasessheworeaspeciallydesignedfatsuitwhichincreasedherweightto180pounds.Boththefatandthinversionsoftheactortookalargeamountoffood.Theparticipantsfollowedsuit,takingmorefoodthantheynormallywouldhave.However,theytooksignificantly morewhentheactorwasthin.Forthesecondtest,inonecasethethinactortooktwopiecesofcandyfromthesnackbowls.Intheothercase,shetook30pieces.Theresultsweresimilartothefirsttest:theparticipantsfollowedsuitbuttooksignificantlymorecandywhenthethinactortook30pieces.Thetestsshowthatthesocialenvironmentisextremelyinfluentialwhenwe'remakingdecisions.Ifthisfellowparticipantisgoingtoeatmore,sowillI.Callitthe“I’llhavewhatshe'shaving”effect.However,we'lladjusttheinfluence.Ifanoverweightpersonishavingalargeportion,I'llholdbackabitbecauseIseetheresultsofhiseatinghabits.Butifathinpersoneatsalot,I'llfollowsuit.Ifhecaneatmuchandkeepslim,whycan'tI?12．Whatistherecentstudymainlyabout?A．Foodsafety.B．Movieviewership.C．Consumerdemand.D．Eatingbehavior.13．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“beanpoles”inparagraph1referto?A．Bigeaters.B．Overweightpersons.C．Pickyeaters.D．Tallthinpersons.14．Whydidtheresearchershiretheactor?A．Toseehowshewouldaffecttheparticipants.B．Totestiftheparticipantscouldrecognizeher.C．Tofindoutwhatshewoulddointhetwotests.D．Tostudywhyshecouldkeepherweightdown.15．Onwhatbasisdowe“adjusttheinfluence”accordingtothelastparagraph?A．Howhungryweare.B．Howslimwewanttobe.C．Howweperceiveothers.D．Howwefeelaboutthefood.【答案】12．D13．D14．A15．C【解析】本文是说明文。最近的研究表明：我们的饮食伙伴的大小和消费习惯都会影响我们的食物摄入量。文章详述了这个实验的过程。12．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“AccordingtoarecentstudyintheJournalofConsumerResearch,boththesizeandconsumptionhabitsofoureatingcompanionscaninfluenceourfoodintake”可知，根据消费者研究杂志最近的一项研究，我们的饮食伙伴的大小和消费习惯都会影响我们的食物摄入量。因此这项研究是关于饮食行为的。故选D。 13．词义猜测题。根据前半句“Andcontrarytoexistingresearchthatsaysyoushouldavoideatingwithheavierpeoplewhoorderlargeportions（份）”可知，现有的研究认为：你应该避免和体重较重、点大份饭菜的人一起吃饭。后半句认为，你真正应该避免的是thebeanpoleswithbigappetites。由contraryto可推断出，画线词和heavierpeople（超重的人）相反，结合选项，D选项（瘦瘦高高的人）正好和heavierpeople正好相反。故选D。14．推理判断题。根据第二段的“Totesttheeffectofsocialinfluenceoneatinghabits,theresearchersconductedtwoexperiments”可知，为了测试社会影响对饮食习惯的影响，研究人员进行了两个实验。根据倒数第三段的内容可知，在两个实验中，胖的和瘦的演员都吃了大量的食物。参与者也照做，吃的食物比平常多。然而，当演员是瘦的时候，参与者们服用的食物更多。。由此推断，研究人员雇用演员是为了看看她如何影响参与者。故选A。15．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Ifanoverweightpersonishavingalargeportion,I’llholdbackabitbecauseIseetheresultsofhiseatinghabits.Butifathinpersoneatsalot,I’llfollowsuit.Ifhecaneatmuchandkeepslim,whycan’tI?”可知，如果一个超重的人吃很大一份，我会忍住一点，因为我看到了他饮食习惯的结果。但如果一个瘦的人吃很多，我会跟着做。如果他吃得多保持苗条，为什么我不能呢？因此推断我们是根据我们对他人的看法（即：如何看待他人）来调整影响的。故选C。