Units3～4
基础回顾核心考点跟踪演练
基础回顾
核心词汇——写其形1．__________vi.&n．妥协，让步2．________vi.&vt.顺从；投降；提交3．________adj.一定会4．________adj.一致的；始终如一的；连续的5．________n.&adj.随机，随意6．________n.动乱，动荡，骚乱7．__________adj.根本的；基础的8．________vt.废除，废止(法律、制度等)9．________n.解放________v.解放；使自由10．________n.平等，均等compromisesubmitboundconsistentrandomunrestfundamentalabolishliberationliberateequality
________adj.相同的，平等的n.同等的人，相等物11．________vt.强调；加下划线12．________vt.击打；撞击；罢工13．____________adj.简单的；坦诚的14．________adj.模糊的；不详细的15．________adj.裸露的；无遮盖的16．__________adj.农业的_________n.农业17．________vt.&vi.(使)成熟18．________adj.彻底的，完全的19．________adj.易碎的；纤细的20．________n.负担，重担，重负equalunderlinestrikestraightforwardvaguebareagriculturalagricultureripenthoroughdelicateburden
阅读词汇——知其意1．settlern.________________2．stationvt.________________3．outspokenadj.________________4．dimensionn.________________5．ecologyn.________________6．handwritingn.________________7．wormn.________________8．woollenadj.________________9．astronomyn.________________10．readingn.________________移民派驻，使驻扎直率的，坦诚的方面；(空间)维度生态；生态学笔迹；书法；手写蠕虫羊毛的天文学读本，读物；阅读
拓展词汇——通其变1．________n．不安；动乱；动荡的局面→________n．宁静，安宁2．________adj.公平的；美丽的→________n．公平；公正→________adv.公正地3．________n．饿死；饥饿→________vt.使挨饿；使饿死4．________vt.得出结论；推断出；决定→________n．结论；结局；决定5．________vt.等于；比得上adj.相等的→________n．同等，平等→_________n．不平等unrestrestfairfairnessfairlystarvationstarveconcludeconclusionequalequalityinequality
6．________v.&n．代替，替换；替代者→__________n．代替；代替物7．________n．正义，公正→________adj.公平的；公正的8．________n．影响→________adj.有影响力的9．________vi.依赖，依靠→________adj.依靠的→___________n．依赖，依靠10．________vt.宣布，声明→_________n．宣言，宣布11．________n．标志→________vt.象征12．________n．精神，心灵→________adj.精神的，心灵的13．________v．分离，隔开→________n．分离；隔离substitutesubstitutionjusticejustinfluenceinfluentialdependdependentdependencedeclaredeclarationsymbolsymbolizespiritspiritualseparateseparation
14．___________n．辨认，确认；身份证明→________vt.识别，认出15．________adj.重要的；有意义的→_________n．重要性16．________vt.背叛；出卖；泄露→________n．背叛；出卖17．________vt.表达；表示n．快车；快递→________n．表示，表达；表情；词句18．________vt.&vi.翻译；解释；转化→________n．译者；翻译者19．________adj.纯的；纯粹的；纯洁的→________n．纯净；纯洁；纯正→________adj.不纯的；肮脏的20．________adj.尖的；急剧的，强烈的→________vt.使加剧；使变得锋利；削尖identificationidentifysignificantsignificancebetraybetrayalexpressexpressiontranslatetranslatorpurepurityimpuresharpsharpen
21．________n．仁慈；怜悯；宽恕→________adj.仁慈的；慈悲的；宽容的22．________v．祈祷，祷告→________n．祈祷文23．________v．(使)缩短，变短→________adj.短的→________adv.立即，马上24．________adj.各种各样的→________vt.改变；使多样化25．________n．延伸，扩展；扩建→________vt.延伸；扩大；推广；伸出26．________n．力量，力气；长处→_________vt.加强，巩固，增进mercymercifulprayprayershortenshortshortlyvariedvaryextensionextendstrengthstrengthen
高频短语——记得牢1．________thestartof在……之初________theendof在……末尾2．die________starvation饿死3．substituteA________B用B代替A4．stand________代表5．remindsb.________sth.提醒某人想起某事6．join________联合7．fight________为……而战8．dateback________追溯至atatofwithforoftogetherforto
9．beregarded________被视为10．________return作为报答；反过来11．fall________lovewith爱上；倾心12．beassociated________与……相联系＝beconnected________＝belinked________＝berelated________13．salute________向……致敬14．bemadeup________由……组成＝consist________asininwithwithwith/tototoofof
15．object________反对＝beopposed________16．submit________屈服，投降17．translate________翻译成18．a________weakness一个不为人知的弱点19．________English书面英语20．polish________提高21．rid(...)________使(……)摆脱……getrid________摆脱；除去22．separate...________...把……与……分开tototointohiddenwrittenupofoffrom
经典句型复现1．Today,everyindependentcountryhasaflagthatgivesit________________.Theseflagsare________________justpiecesofcloth___________________withthread.(P34)今天，每一个独立的国家都拥有一面赋予本国独一无二身份的国旗。这些旗帜不仅仅是随意用线缝在一起的几块布。2．Colouris________________________________，butthemeaningofcolour________________________________.(P46)颜色是表达不同感觉的媒介，但色彩的含义在不同的文化中是不一致的。auniqueidentitymorethansewntogetheratrandomamediumforexpressingdifferentfeelingsisnotconsistentacrossdifferentcultures
3．Thisidiomtellsusthatoursmallkindnessoftenbringus____________，___________________canbringdisasters.(P51)这句习语告诉我们小小善举常常带给我们丰厚的回报，而不经意的冒犯则可能带来灾难。4．TheWhiteHorseTempleisimportanttoChinesepeopleandhistory,________________，itis________________historicbuildingsthatthegovernmentlistedtoreceivespecialstateprotection.(P63)对于中国人民和中国历史来说，白马寺具有重要意义，正因如此，它被政府列为首批受国家重点保护的历史建筑。richrewardswhileoursmalloffencesandassuchoneofthefirst
核心考点
第一版块：高考考纲高频单词1．compromisevi.&n．妥协，让步(1)compromisewithsb.onsth.就某事与某人妥协(2)reachacompromisebetween...and...在……和……之间达成妥协(3)makeacompromise妥协，让步
(1)Wehadtocompromisewiththemonsafetymeasures.我们只好在安全措施方面和他们妥协。(2)Encourageyourchildtoreachacompromisebetweenwhathewantsandwhatyouwant.鼓励孩子在他的愿望和你的愿望之间找到一个折中点。[完成句子](1)Bothsideshaveagreedtomeetinthehopeof__________________________(达成妥协)．(2)Theteacheriskindtoeverystudentbuthe________________________(不让步)inmattersofprinciple.reachingacompromisemakesnocompromise
2．submitvi.&vt.顺从：投降；提交(1)submitsth.tosb.向……提交/呈交(2)submitoneselfto自愿服从/遵守(1)Submitatopicproposaltoyourhistoryteacher.[2019·天津，阅读理解A]向你的历史老师提交一个主题建议。(2)Shouldawifesubmitherselftoherhusband?妻子就应顺从她的丈夫吗？
[语法填空](1)Allthesedocumentsmust___________(submit)totheuniversityyouareapplyingforbeforeNovember.(2)Submitoryield________another'swishoropinion.(3)Wehavenointentionof___________(submit)tosuchthreats.besubmittedtosubmitting
3．boundadj.一定会；受……约束(而必须做某事)(1)beboundtodosth.一定会做某事；有义务/责任做某事(2)beboundupwithsth.与某物有密切关系(3)beboundupinsth.忙于/热衷于某事(1)Climatechangeiscloselyboundupwiththewholeissueofenergyconsumption.气候的变化与整个能源消耗问题密切相关。(2)Besuretofastentheseatbelt,oryouareboundtobefined.一定要把你的安全带系上，否则肯定是要被罚款的。
[完成句子](1)Whenyouaredealingwithsomanypatients,mistakes____________(一定会)happen.(2)Fromthatmomentmylifebecame_______________(和……有密切关系)hers.(3)He'stoo____________(忙于)hisworktohavemuchtimeforhischildren.areboundtoboundupwithboundupin
4．consistentadj.一致的；始终如一的；连续的(1)beconsistentin(doing)sth.在(做)某事方面是一直不变的(2)beconsistentwithsth.与……一致(1)She'snotveryconsistentinthewayshetreatsherchildren.她对待孩子反复无常。(2)Wemustbeconsistentinapplyingtherules.我们在实施这些规则时必须保持一贯性。(3)Theresultsareentirelyconsistentwithourearlierresearch.这些结果与我们早些时候的研究完全吻合。
[语法填空](1)Herworkhasbeenofa__________(consistent)highstandard.(2)Ihavebeenconsistent________myapproachovertheyears.(3)Whatyou'resayingnowisnotconsistent________whatyousaidlastweek.consistentlyinwith
5．underlinevt.强调；突出；加下划线(1)underlinetheimportanceof强调……的重要性(2)itisunderlinedthat...强调(1)Thereportunderlinestheimportanceofpreschooleducation.这份报告强调学前教育的重要性。(2)Itshouldbeunderlinedthattheseareonlypreliminaryfindings.需要强调的是，这些只是初步的研究结果。
[写出下列句中underline的意思](1)Recentjoblossesunderlinethecontinuedweaknessoftheeconomy.____________(2)InhisNewYearSpeech,PresidentXiunderlinedthathappinessisachievedthroughhardwork.____________(3)Pleaseunderlinethesentencesthatyoudon'tunderstandinthepassage.____________表明，突出强调加下划线
6．strikevt.(struck,struck)击打；撞击；攻击；罢工(1)strikedown摧垮；使病倒；取消(2)strikeat朝……打击(3)itstrikessb.that...某人突然想起……(4)beonstrike在罢工(1)Theunionhasvotedtostrikeforapayincreaseof6%.工会投票决定罢工，要求加薪6%。(2)Itstrikesmethatnobodyisreallyinfavourofthechanges.我觉得没人真正赞成这些变动。
[语法填空](1)Hewas________(strike)downbycancerattheageofthirty.(2)WhenIgotthere,theclock__________(strike)ten.(3)Halftheworkforceinthatareaarenow________strike.struckwasstrikingon
第二版块：重点短语和句式1．hireoneselfout打工，受雇于人(1)hireout将某物租出去(2)beforhire出租用(3)onhire出租(1)Hehiredhimselfouttowhoeverneededhisservices.他以前打过短工。(2)Thesecarsareforhire.这些小汽车是供出租用的。
[完成句子](1)他有马出租。Hehashorses____________.(2)我决定干自由职业，受雇做计算机程序员工作。I'vedecidedtogofreelanceand________________asacomputerprogrammer.(3)他们将他们的船按小时出租出去。They_____________theirboatsbythehour.onhirehiremyselfouthireout
2．catchon受欢迎，流行(1)catchonto理解，明白(2)catchsb.doingsth.发现某人正做某事(3)becaughtin遭遇(4)catchupwith赶上(1)Sportsdrinkshavecaughtonasconsumershavebecomemorehealthconscious.随着消费者健康意识的增强，运动型饮料开始流行起来。(2)Ittookmealongtimetocatchontothedirections.我花了好长时间才明白说明书的意思。
[语法填空](1)Tomwascaught________(cheat)intheexam.(2)Iwonderedifitwasananimalcaught________atrap.(3)Thoughthesingerwasturnedawayaftertworounds,hissongChengduhascaught________eversince.cheatinginon
3．counton依赖，依靠(1)countonsb.forsth.指望某人某事(2)countonsb.todosth./doingsth.指望某人做某事(1)Wehadcountedonhim,butheletusdown.我们原本指望他，但他让我们失望了。(2)Youcancountonhimtogettheworkfinishedontime.你可以指望他按时完成这项工作。
[完成句子](1)Weare________________(指望)Tomgivingusalift.(2)Youcanalways______________________________(指望玛丽给你好建议)．countingoncountonMaryforgoodadvice
4．Thisledtowar,andtoAmericagainingitsindependence.这引发了战争，也使美国获得了独立。leadto中的to是介词，其后可接动词－ing作宾语，若是被动关系，则用leadtosb./sth.beingdone。另外，leadto也可转换成resultin或contributeto。(1)Jealousyandangerusuallyleadtodoingthewrongthing.嫉妒和愤怒通常会导致做错事情。(2)Thediscoveryofnewevidenceledtothethiefbeingcaught.新证据的发现导致这个小偷被抓。
[同义句转换](1)Davidhadbeenwarnedtobepunctual,buthewaslateagain,whichcausedhimtobedismissed.＝Davidhadbeenwarnedtobepunctual,buthewaslateagain,which________________________________________.(2)Thecarelessdesignofthebuildingresultedinpeopletearingitdown.＝Thecarelessdesignofthebuildingledto______________________.ledto/contributedto/resultedinhimbeingdismisseditbeingtorndown
跟踪演练
Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Americanspridethemselvesontheir___________(dependent)ofmind.2．Theyworriedaboutthe________(pure)oftapwater.3．Ijuststoodtherefeeling________(fool)andwatchinghim.4．Thesmallerlakerangesfromfivetofourteenfeetin________(deep)．5．Ifeelhisjokewas___________(appropriate)forsuchaseriousissue.6．His________(honest)broughthimshameaswellasdamage.7．Thecopyrightintheworkshallbeenjoyedbytheadaptorand________(translate)．independencepurityfoolishdepthinappropriatedishonestytranslator
8．Youcan________(sharp)yourskillswithrehearsal.9．Othermaterialssuchaslimeandcementcanbeaddedto________(strength)theadobe.10．SchooluniformsaretraditionalinBritain,butsomeschoolsarestartingtogetrid________them.[2019·浙江卷]11．Manyfunctionsofthecellphonehavemadecertainpeoplereluctanttoseparatethemselves________theircellphones.12．Booksthatgivemeencouragementaremy________(spirit)friends.13．Theboywasalwaysunhappybecauseofhis________(separate)fromhismother.sharpenstrengthenoffromspiritualseparation
14．He________(fair)blamedFrancesforthefailure.15．MillionsofpeopleinAfricaarethreatenedwith________(starve)asaresultofdroughtandpoorharvests.16．Peoplewillnodoubtdrawtheirown_________(conclude)．17．Socialistsystemshaveoftenbeensuccessfulinreducing________(equal)．18．Shehasan________(influence)rolewithingovernment.unfairlystarvationconclusionsinequalityinfluential
Ⅱ.选词填空counton；comefrom；objectto；hireoneselfout；submit...to；datebackto；becentredaround；beconsistentwith；getone'sway；connectwith1．“I'mafraidthathewon'treturnthemoneyontime,becausehisactions________alwaysnot___________hiswords，”shesaid.2．Becauseofaseriousaccident,themanagerhasalready________aletterofresignation________theboardofdirectors.3．Manyresidents__________thebuildingofthenewchemicalplantafterconsideringitseffectontheirhealthandtheenvironment.4．Therearemanyculturalrelicsinourcountry,many____________thousandsofyears.areconsistentwithsubmittedtoobjecttodatingbackto
5．Thoughwehaven't_____________eachothersincegraduation,Ibelieveourfriendshipwillnotend.6．Thepainterlikestravelingverymuchbecausemostofhisinspiration_________nature.7．Thekeypointisthatparentsshouldencouragetheirchildrentodealwithproblemsindependently,notalways_______others.8．Theprogram_______________arousingpeople'ssenseofsavingenergy.9．He_____________asanengineerinBeijingnowandisconsideringleavingtherenextyear.10．Thelittlegirlwillbeangryandcryallthetimeifshedoesn't__________.connectedwithcomesfromcountoniscentredaroundhireshimselfoutgetherway
Ⅲ.课文语法填空AEveryindependentcountryhasitsownflag.Theseflagsaremorethanjustpiecesofclothsewntogether1.________randomwiththread.Aflagtellsussomethingaboutthecountryit2.________(represent).TheFrenchflagwasfirstusedin1789,atthestartoftheFrenchRevolution.TheRevolutionledto3.___________(fundament)changesthroughoutthecountry.Thecoloursred,blueandwhiteusedontheflagremindus4.________themottooftheRevolution.TheUSAwas5.________(origin)madeupofsettlersfromBritishandothercountries,organizedintothirteenBritishcolonies.atrepresentsfundamentaloforiginally
AftertheFrenchandIndianWar,theBritishraisedthetax6.________(rate)inAmerica,theAmericansobjected7.________this,theBritishincreasedcontrolovertheirAmericancoloniesinstead,takingawaytheirrightsand8._________(station)soldiersthere.Thisledtowar,andtoAmericagainingitsindependence.Thecoloursred,whiteandblue,alongwiththestarsandstripesontheAmericanflag,allrepresentdifferentthings.TheIndonesianflagismadeupofaredbandoverawhiteone,9.________(base)onanationalflagdatingbacktothe13thcentury.Therearemany10._____________(explain)offeredforthemeaningsofthecoloursontheIndonesianflag.So,whenwelookataflag,wecanseeacountry'shistoryandculture.ratestostationingbasedexplanations
BAnidiomisagroupofwordsoranexpression1.________meaningisn'tstraightforward.TherearemanyidiomsinEnglish,andquiteafewofthemcomefromtheBible.However,manyidiomshavelosttheir2.________(origin)meanings,forexample,‘byandby’nowmeans‘beforelong’，butintheBibleitwasusedtomean‘3.____________(immediate)’.Abiblicalidiomisoftenanexpressionthat4._________(underline)themoralofastoryandgivestheaudienceapicturetohelpthemunderstandthestorybetter.Theidiom‘feetofclay’comesfromastoryintheBible,whichmeansthereisa5.________(hide)weaknessinsomebodywhomweadmirewhoseoriginalimmediatelyunderlineshidden
.Theidiom‘seethehandwritingonthewall’meanstoseesignsthatdisasteris6.________(come).Somebiblicalidiomsuseanimals,suchas‘killthefattedcalf’，whichmeanstohavealargecelebration.Anotherfocusofbiblicalidiomsis7.___________(agriculture)lifeorfood,suchas‘youreapwhatyousow’.Thisidiomtellsusthatoursmallkindnessesoftenbringusrichrewards,8.________oursmalloffencescanbringdisasters.Afoodrelatedidiomis‘theapple9.________somebody'seye’，whichtalksaboutachildwhoislovedverymuchbyparents.Studyingidiomscanhelpimproveour10.____________(comprehensive)．comingagriculturalwhileofcomprehension
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