Unit5NelsonMandela—amodernhero
Step1诵读经典·渗透文化意识Ⅰ.细品味经典文章(2020·天津高考)Afteryearsofobservinghumannature,Ihavedecidedthattwoqualitiesmakethedifferencebetweenmenofgreatachievementandmenofaverageperformance:curiosityanddiscontent.Ihaveneverknownanoutstandingmanwholackedeither.AndIhaveneverknownanaveragemanwhohadboth.Thetwobelongtogether.
Together,thesedeephumanurges(驱策力)countformuchmorethanambition.GalileowasnotmerelyambitiouswhenhedroppedobjectsofvaryingweightsfromtheLeaningToweratPisaandtimedtheirfalltotheground.LikeGalileo,allthegreatnamesinhistorywerecuriousandaskedindiscontent,“Why?Why?Why?”Fortunately,curiosityanddiscontentdon’thavetobelearned.Wearebornwiththemandneedonlyrecapturethem.
“Thegreatman,”saidMencius(孟子),“ishewhodoesnotlosehischild’sheart.”Yetmostofusdoloseit.Westopaskingquestions.Westopchallengingcustom.Wejustfollowthecrowd.Andthecrowddesiresonlythecalmandrestfulaverage.Itencouragesustooccupyourownlittlecorner,toavoidfoolishleapsintothedark,tobesatisfied.
Mostofusmeetnewpeople,andnewideas,withhesitation.Butoncehavingmetandlikedthem,wethinkhowterribleitwouldhavebeen,hadwemissedthechance.Wewillprobablyhavetoforceourselvestowakenourcuriosityanddiscontentandkeepthemawake.Howshouldyoustart?Modestly,soasnottobecomediscouraged.Ithinkofonefriendwhocouldn’tarrangeflowerstosatisfyherself.Shewascuriousabouthowtheexpertsdidit.Nowsheisoneoftheexperts,writingbooksonflowerarrangement.
Onewaytobeginistoansweryourownexcuses.Youhaven’tanyspecialability?Mostpeopledon’t;thereareonlyafewgeniuses.Youhaven’tanytime?That’sgood,becauseit’salwaysthepeoplewithnotimewhogetthingsdone.HarrietStowe,motherofsix,wrotepartsofUncleTom’sCabinwhilecooking.You’retooold?RememberthatThomasCostainwas57whenhepublishedhisfirstnovel,andthatGrandmaMosesshowedherfirstpictureswhenshewas78.Howeveryoustart,rememberthereisnobettertimetostartthanrightnow,foryou’llneverbemorealivethanyouareatthismoment.
Ⅱ.按要求完成任务1.写出文章中描写人物品格的单词和短语。________________________________________________________________________________________2.用一句话写出本文大意。___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________curiosity;discontent;outstanding;ambition;ambitious;calm;restful;discouraged;humanurgesMenofgreatachievementmustowntwoqualities:curiosityanddiscontent,whichwewerebornwiththemandneedonlyrecapture.
Step2固本强基·锻造语言能力Ⅰ.重点词汇1.qualityn.质量;品质;性质adj.优质的【教材原句】Andwhatqualitiesdoesagreatpersonhave?(P33)伟大的人会有什么样的品质?【词块必记】beofgood/badquality品质好/坏beofhigh/poorquality优质/劣质inquality在质量方面
【语境速测】单句语法填空①Theyconcludedthatthegoodswere__goodqualityandprovednoproblem.②Abeginner’spaintingcan’tbecomparedtothatofanexpert.Itisverydifferent__quality.同义句转换③Ourproductsaregoodinquality,andthepriceislow.→Ourproducts_________________,andthepriceislow.inareofgoodqualityof
2.devotevt.献身;专心于【典型例句】Devotingherselftoteachinginsteadofperforming,sheeventuallybecameawell-acceptedteacher.把精力投入教学而不是表演中,她最终成为一个广受欢迎的老师。
【词块必记】(1)devote...to...把……奉献于……;把……专注于……devoteoneselfto献身于……;致力于……(2)bedevotedto...专心于……,奉献于……
【语境速测】单句语法填空①Neighborsdevotedtheirsparetimeto_______(help)othersrebuildtheirhouses.②Onlywhenwerealizetheimportanceofhelpingeachothercanwe__________(devote)tobuildingaharmonioussociety.helpingbedevoted
【写作金句】SongQinglingdevotedallherlifetoChineserevolutionandconstruction.宋庆龄一生致力于中国革命和建设事业。【知识拓展】devote...to...中的to为介词,后跟名词或动名词。类似的短语还有:lookforwardtodoingsth.盼望做某事;objecttodoingsth.反对做某事;getdowntodoingsth.开始认真做某事;payattentiontodoingsth.注意做某事;be/getused/accustomedtodoingsth.习惯于做某事
3.equaladj.相等的;平等的;胜任的vt.等于n.同等的人【教材原句】ButIwashappytohelpbecauseIknewitwouldhelpusachieveourdreamofmakingblackandwhitepeopleequal.(P34)但是我很高兴去帮忙,因为我知道它可以帮助我们实现黑人和白人平等的梦想。
【词块必记】(1)beequalto(doing)sth.等于/胜任(做)……beequalin在……方面比得上(2)equalsb./sth.in(doing)sth.在(做)某事上比得过、敌得过某人/物(3)equallyadv.相等地;同等地;公平地
【语境速测】语段填词①Menandwomenshouldbetreated_______(equal);ifawomancanequalaman__doingsomething,wecansaythatsheisequal__thejob.单句语法填空②Withhislastjumphe________(equal)theworldrecord.③Dietandexerciseare_______(equal)important.equallytoequalledequallyin
【写作金句】Itistakenforgrantedthateveryoneisequalbeforethelaw.法律面前人人平等,这是理所应当的。【知识拓展】表示“胜任”的短语①beupto②befitfor③bequalifiedfor④beadequateto
4.escapevi.&vt.逃脱;逃走;避开;被忘记n.逃脱【教材原句】Itwasaprisonfromwhichnooneescaped.(P38)它是一个没有人能逃出去的监狱。【词块必记】(1)escapefrom/outof...从……逃脱escape(doing)sth.逃避(做)某事(2)anarrowescape死里逃生(3)escapedadj.逃脱的
【语境速测】单句语法填空①Morethanoncehehad__narrowescapefrombeingeatenbysharks.②Heisluckytoescapefrom________________________(punish).③Hewasonthetrackofan_______(escape)criminal.完成句子④Itwasanactorwhosename________________________.那个男演员的名字我一时想不起来了。beingpunished/punishmentescapedescapedmeforthemomenta
5.rewardn.报酬;奖金vt.酬劳;奖赏【教材原句】TheysaidthatthejobandthepayfromthenewSouthAfricangovernmentweremyrewardafterworkingallmylifeforequalrightsfortheBlacks.(P38)他们说在新南非政府就职及其酬劳是对我终生为黑人争取平等权利的奖赏。
【词块必记】(1)asareward(for...)作为(对……的)报酬/奖赏inrewardfor为酬谢;作为对……的奖励(2)rewardsb.forsth.因某事而奖赏某人rewardsb.withsth.用某物/某事回报某人【语境速测】单句语法填空①Herparentsofferedalotofmoney__arewardforanyonewhocouldamuseher.②Itisunfairthathegetsverylittle__rewardforhishardwork.asin
完成句子③Whenyou’vedoneagooddeed,youwillalways_______________thatwarmfeeling.你做了善事时,就会获得那股暖流作为回报。【写作金句】Chineseculturalvaluesrewardthosewhopromoteharmoniousexchange.中国的文化准则奖励那些促进和睦交流的人。berewardedwith
Ⅱ.核心短语6.turnto求助于;致力于;翻到;开始从事;转向【教材原句】WhydidNelsonMandelaturntoviolencetomakeblackandwhitepeopleequal?(P35)为什么纳尔逊·曼德拉诉诸武力让黑人和白人平等?
【词块必记】
【语境速测】写出黑体部分的含义①Sheusedtoturntoherauntforhelpwhenshefoundherselfintrouble.()②IfyouturntoPage40,youwillfindthiscartoon.()③Godownthestreetandturntotheleft;you’llseethetheatre.()④Itwastimetoturntobuildingtheirownlives.()求助于翻到转向开始从事
【写作金句】Heisthepersontowhomyoucanturnforhelpwhenyouareintrouble.他是你在遇到麻烦时,可以寻求帮助的人。
Ⅲ.经典句式7.Onlythendidwedecidetoanswerviolencewithviolence.只有到那个时候,我们才决定用暴力反抗暴力。【典型例句】①Onlywhenthousandsofflowersbloomtogethercanspringbeconsideredhere.万紫千红才是春。②Onlywhenyoudevoteyourselftowhatyouaredoingcanyoumakeprogress.只有当你投身于你所做的事情,你才能取得进步。
【句型公式】only放在句首修饰状语(通常是副词、介词短语或状语从句等)时,句子需要部分倒装。其结构为:only+状语+助动词/情态动词/系动词+主语+其他。
【语境速测】完成句子①Onlyinthisway____________maintainpeaceandstability,andamorebrilliantfuturebecreatedformankind.唯有如此,世界才会维持和平与稳定,人类才能走向更加辉煌的未来。②Onlyifweunderstandthemproperly______________________gettothecoreofthematter.只有对它们真正地理解了,我们才能深入事物的核心。③Onlywhenagricultureisfullydeveloped________________sufficientmaterialsandmarkets.只有农业全面发展了,工业才会有足够的原料和市场。cantheworldwillwebeableto/canwecanindustryhave
【备选要点】1.opinionn.意见;看法;主张【典型例句】Wewereinvitedtogiveouropinionsabouthowtheworkshouldbedone.我们应邀就如何开展工作提出意见。【语块必记】inone’sopinion根据某人的看法askone’sopinionofsth.征求某人对……的意见
【语境速测】单句语法填空①Whatisyouropinion__theeffectivenessofthisformforevaluatingmanagers?②Thedraftinitspresentformmaystillhavefaultsandimperfections,andweshallhavetoaskthepeoplethroughoutthecountryfortheir________(opinion).ofopinions
2.votevt.&vi.投票;选举;表决;提议n.投票;选票;表决【典型例句】We’lllistentotheargumentsonbothsidesandthenvoteonit.我们将先听取双方的论点,然后再表决。【词块必记】(1)votefor投票赞成voteagainst投票反对voteon就……投票表决(2)put...tothevote把……付诸表决;裁决
【语境速测】单句语法填空①ThisprogramisaliveTVshow,soyoucancallthestationdirectlytovote___yourfavoritesinger.②Thepoliticianwasdeeplyhurtwhenmanyofhisformersupportersvoted_______him.同义句转换③Wehadnochoicebuttoputittothevote.→Wehadnochoicebut___________.(vote)foragainsttovoteonit
3.introuble在危险、受罚、痛苦、忧虑等的处境中【典型例句】I’vebeenintroublesinceIwaselevenyearsofage.我从11岁起就麻烦不断。
【词块必记】getintotrouble陷入困境;惹麻烦getsb.into/outoftrouble使某人陷入/摆脱困境takethetroubletodosth.不怕费事尽力做某事havetrouble(in)doingsth./withsth.做某事有困难
【语境速测】单句语法填空①Henevergets____troublebythinkingofhisownidlepleasures.②It’sworthwhiletakingthetrouble_________(explain)ajobfullytonewemployees.同义句转换③Pleasedon’thesitatetoturntousforhelpwheneveryouhavedifficultywithyourstudy.→Nomatterwhenyou_____________________________________,pleasedon’thesitatetoaskforourhelp.(trouble)intohavetrouble(in)studying/withyourstudytoexplain
4.loseheart丧失勇气或信心;灰心;泄气【典型例句】Heappealedtohiscountrymennottoloseheart.他呼吁自己的同胞不要丧失信心。【词块必记】loseone’shearttosb.爱上某人putone’sheartinto一心扑在……上learnsth.byheart背诵;记牢……
【语境速测】单句语法填空①Aslittleboysandgirlshaveaverygoodmemory,theycanlearnalotofEnglishwords___heart.完成句子②Thereisanoldsayingthatgoeslikethis“Nothingistoohardifyou_________________it.”有句老话是这样说的,“世上无难事,只怕有心人”。putyourheartintoby
5.Thelastthirtyyearshaveseenthegreatestnumberoflawsstoppingourrightsandprogress,untiltodaywehavereachedastagewherewehavealmostnorightsatall.过去30年来所出现的大量法律剥夺我们的权利,阻挡我们的进步,一直到今天,我们还处在几乎什么权利都没有的阶段。【典型例句】Weareinastagewhereit’sstilltooearlytosaywhowillwinthemostvotesandbecomethenewpresident.我们处在一个说谁会赢得最多选票并且当选新总统还为时尚早的阶段。
【句型公式】定语从句where引导的定语从句可修饰抽象地点名词,如point,stage,case,situation,condition,position,environment,activity,race,job,scene,system等。【误区释疑】当先行词stage,occasion等表示时间且关系词在定语从句中作时间状语时,用when引导。Thestagewhenheispreparingforhisstudyisreallyimportant.
【语境速测】单句语法填空①Itmeansthatitcangointoanysituation______peaceisfragileorconflictispossible.②Aftergraduationshereachedastageinherlife_________________________________.毕业后她面临人生中需要决定做什么的处境。③Theyliveinafamily___________________________________.他们生活在可以自由表达自己观点的家庭里。wherewheresheneededtodecidewhattodowheretheycanexpressthemselvesfreely
④It’shelpfultoputchildren______________________________________allbythemselves.把孩子放在一个自己能完全处理所有事情的环境中是有帮助的。⑤Willyoupleasegiveusacase________________________?请你给我们举一个使用这个单词的实例好吗?inasituationwheretheymanageeverythingwherethewordcanbeused
Step3强化检测·提升学习能力Ⅰ.单句语法填空1.(2020·全国Ⅰ卷)Regardlessoftheriskofgettinginfected,UncleLiisresponsibleand_______(devote)tohisjob.2.(2020·全国Ⅲ卷)Anditisagoodtimetofillthenewspacewithloveand_________(hopeful)presents.3.(2020·全国Ⅰ卷)Turn__apageinyourjournaltoyourlistofstrengthsandachievements.devotedhopefullyto
4.(2020·江苏高考)Inruralareas,whereambulancescantakea________(relative)longtimetoarrive,thephoneboxeshavetakenonalifesavingrole.5.(2020·天津高考)Heconvincedthepolicedepartmenttoallowhimtoset___acoupleof“chatbenches”intwooftheirlocalparks.relativelyup
Ⅱ.完成句子1.Theteacher_________________________theeducationalcause.这位老师把她的一生奉献给了教育事业。2.Amongthem16votedforthereformand10______________.其中有16票赞成改革,10票反对。3.ShewasrewardedtheNobelPeacePrizeforfighting____________________________.她为普通人民争取平等而被授予诺贝尔和平奖。hasdevotedherwholelifetovotedagainstitforequalityforordinarypeople
4.Thisorganizationmainly__________________________.这个组织主要负责救灾工作。5.Onlythen___________theimportanceoflearningEnglish.只有在那时我才明白学习英语的重要性。tookchargeofthereliefworkdidIrealize
Ⅲ.语法填空(黑体词为本单元重点词汇)Whatarethe1.________(quality)ofagreatperson?Active,generous,selfless,2._______(devote),hard-workingorwillingtohelpothers?Whatisyouropinion?SunYat-senfounded3.___firstRepublicinChinabasedonthreeprinciples.Gandhifoughtforfreedomina4.________(peace)way.Mandelaworkedasaneducatedlawyertoofferlegalguidancetothepoorblackpeople5.__troubleoroutofwork.Hebelievedallarebornequalandshouldbetreated6._______(equal),soeveryoneshouldn’tloseheart.Buttheblacksufferedcrueltyqualitiesdevotedthepeacefulinequally
andterror,andevenreachedastage7.______manybeggedforfoodfromtheirrelatives.HesetuptheANCYouthLeague.He8.____(be)hopefulaboutequalrightsbutfailed.Hedecidedtoanswer9._______(violent)withviolence.In1964,hewassentencedtoprisonforlifeonRobbenIslandwherenoonecouldescapebuthecametopoweraspresidentin1994.Alsohe10.____________(reward)withtheNobelPeacePrize.wherewasviolencewasrewarded
Step4直击高考·培养思维品质
Ⅰ.话题与阅读理解(2018·全国卷Ⅲ阅读理解C)WhilefamousforeignarchitectsareinvitedtoleadthedesignsoflandmarkbuildingsinChinasuchasthenewCCTVtowerandtheNationalCenterforthePerformingArts,manyexcellentChinesearchitectsaremakinggreateffortstotakethecenterstage.
Theireffortshavebeenprovenfruitful.WangShu,a49-year-oldChinesearchitect,wonthe2012PritzkerArchitecturePrize—whichisoftenreferredtoastheNobelPrizeinarchitecture—onFebruary28.HeisthefirstChinesecitizentowinthisaward.WangservesasheadoftheArchitectureDepartmentattheChinaAcademyofArt(CAA).HisofficeislocatedattheXiangshancampus(校园)oftheuniversityinHangzhou,ZhejiangProvince.Manybuildingsonthecampusarehisoriginalcreations.
ThestyleofthecampusisquitedifferentfromthatofmostChineseuniversities.Manyvisitorswereamazedbythecomplexarchitecturalspaceandabundantbuildingtypes.Thecurves(曲线)ofthebuildingsperfectlymatchtheriseandfallofhills,formingauniqueview.Wangcollectedmorethan7millionabandonedbricksofdifferentages.Heaskedtheworkerstousetraditionaltechniquestomakethebricksintowalls,roofsandcorridors.ThiscreationattractedalotofattentionthankstoitsmixtureofmodernandtraditionalChineseelements(元素).
Wang’sworksshowadeepunderstandingofmodernarchitectureandagoodknowledgeoftraditions.Throughsuchabalance,hehadcreatedanewtypeofChinesearchitecture,saidTadaoAndo,thewinnerofthe1995PritzkerPrize.Wangbelievestraditionsshouldnotbesealedinglassboxesatmuseums.“Thatisonlyevidencethattraditionsonceexisted,”hesaid.“ManyChinesepeoplehaveamisunderstandingoftraditions.Theythinktraditionmeansoldthingsfromthepast.Infact,traditionalsoreferstothethingsthathavebeendevelopingandthatarestillbeingcreated,”hesaid.
“Today,manyChinesepeoplearelearningWesternstylesandtheoriesratherthanfocusingonChinesetraditions.Manypeopletendtotalkabouttraditionswithoutknowingwhattheyreallyare,”saidWang.Thestudyoftraditionsshouldbecombinedwithpractice.Otherwise,therecreationoftraditionswouldbeartificialandempty,hesaid.【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了建筑师王澍的情况,他是中国第一个获得普利兹克建筑奖的人,这个奖项被称为“建筑界的诺贝尔奖”。他把中国传统的文化元素融合到现代建筑上,得到了国际建筑界的认可。
1.Wang’swinningoftheprizemeansthatChinesearchitectsare______.A.followingthelatestworldtrendB.gettinginternationalrecognitionC.workingharderthaneverbeforeD.relyingonforeignarchitects
【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据第二段中Theireffortshavebeenprovenfruitful.以及HeisthefirstChinesecitizentowinthisaward.可知,他们的努力证明是卓有成效的,他是第一个获得这个奖项的中国公民。由此可以判断,王澍能够获得2012年普利兹克建筑奖,是得到了国际上的认可。故正确答案为B。
2.WhatimpressedvisitorstotheCAAXiangshancampusmost?A.Itshillyenvironment.B.Itslargesize.C.Itsuniquestyle.D.Itsdiversefunctions.
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第四段内容可知,这座建筑的风格完全不同于国内其他校园的风格,它的曲线完美地配合了山丘的起伏,形成了独特的景观,这个独特的风格让参观者感到惊讶,故正确答案为C。
3.WhatmadeWang’sarchitecturaldesignasuccess?A.Themixtureofdifferentshapes.B.ThebalanceofEastandWest.C.Theuseofpopulartechniques.D.Theharmonyofoldandnew.
【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第六段内容可知,王澍的作品表现出了对现代建筑和传统知识的深刻理解,通过这种平衡,他创建了一种新型的中国建筑。由此可以判断出,他之所以成功,是因为他找到了新旧之间的和谐,故正确答案为D。
4.WhatshouldwedoaboutChinesetraditionsaccordingtoWang?A.Spreadthemtotheworld.B.Preservethematmuseums.C.Teachtheminuniversities.D.Recreatetheminpractice.
【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据最后一段中Thestudyoftraditionsshouldbecombinedwithpractice可知,传统的风格应该与实践相结合。故正确答案为D。
【微技能点拨】关注语义转换 巧解细节理解题命题特点:选项中往往使用与原文近义、反义或同范畴的词语表达,利用同义变换、句式转换、概念解析、归纳事实、正话反说等方式体现。答题关键:正确理解文章中的词语或句子,在选项中找到与之意义相等、相似或相反的词语或句子。以第2题为例,解题策略如下:Step1根据题干定位信息点:impressedvisitors
Step2确定选项中关键词与文中关键词的关联:选项中的uniquestyle对应文中的uniqueviewStep3对比选项找最佳:尝试解答______。C
【语用提能】
【微语法填空】(2018·全国卷Ⅲ阅读理解C改编)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Chinese1._____________(international)famousarchitectWangShuwonthe2012PritzkerArchitecturePrize,2.______isoftenreferredtoastheNobelPrizeinarchitectureonFebruary28.Heis3.___firstChinesecitizen4.______(win)thisaward.internationallywhichthetowin
WangservesasheadoftheArchitectureDepartmentattheChinaAcademyofArt(CAA).Hisoffice5.________(locate)attheXiangshancampus(校园)oftheuniversityinHangzhou,ZhejiangProvince.Manybuildingsonthecampusare6.___(he)originalcreationsandthecurves(曲线)ofthebuildingsperfectlymatchtheriseandfallofhills,7._______(form)auniqueview.Wang’sworksshow8.__deepunderstandingofmodernarchitectureandagoodknowledgeoftraditions.Hebelievestraditionsshouldnot9.________(seal)inglassboxesatmuseums.Onthecontrary,thestudyof10._________(tradition)shouldbecombinedwithpractice.islocatedhisformingabesealedtraditions
Ⅱ.话题与写作(2021·浙江1月高考改编)阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。Pumpkin(南瓜)carvingatHalloweenisafamilytradition.WevisitalocalfarmeveryOctober.Inthepumpkinfield,Icompetewithmythreebrothersandsistertoseekoutthebiggestpumpkin.Mydadhasarulethatwehavetocarryourpumpkinsbackhome,andastheeldestchildIhaveanadvantage-Icarriedan85-pounderbacklastyear.
Thisyear,itwashardtotellwhethermyprizeortheonechosenbymy14-year-oldbrother,Jason,wasthewinner.Unfortunatelyweforgottoweighthembeforetakingouttheirinsides,butIwasdeterminedtoprovemypoint.Allofuswerehardatworkatthekitchentable,withmymomfilmingtheannualevent.I’munsurenowwhyIthoughtforcingmyheadinsidethepumpkinwouldsettlethematter,butitseemedtomakeperfectsenseatthetime.
Withthepumpkinrestingonthetable,holeuppermost,Ibentoverandpressedmyheadagainsttheopening.AtfirstIgotjammedjustabovemyeyesandthen,asIwentonwithmytask,unwillingtoquit,mynosebrieflypreventedentry.FinallyImanagedtoputmywholeheadintoit,likeacork(软木塞)forcedintoabottle.Iwasabletostraightenupwiththehugepumpkinrestingonmyshoulders.
Myexcitementwasshort-lived.Thepumpkinwasheavy.“I’mgoingtosetitdown,now,”Isaid,andwithJasonhelpingtosupportitsweight,Ibentbackoverthetabletogiveitsomewheretorest.ItwasonlywhenItriedtoremovemyheadthatIrealizedgettingoutwasgoingtobelessstraightforwardthangettingin.WhenIpulledhard,mynosegotintheway.IgotintoapanicasIpressedfirmlyagainstthetableandmovedmyheadaroundtryingtofindtherightangle,butitwasnouse.“Ican’tgetitout!”Ishouted,myvoicesoundingunnaturallyloudintheenclosedspace.
注意:续写词数应为150左右。Itwasfiveorsixminutesthoughitfeltmuchlonger.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ThevideowaspostedtheMondaybeforeHalloween.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Step1写作技巧1.通读全文,知前文要领(1)体裁:记叙文(2)前文线索:今年万圣节时,家里所有人都在厨房忙碌,而作者将头伸进了南瓜里,被卡住了,无法挣脱出来。
2.分类选关键词人物:dad,Jason,mom身体部位:head,nose事物:pumpkin动作:managed,support,rest,pulled
3.读段首句,合理设计情节Para.1:段首句Itwasfiveorsixminutesthoughitfeltmuchlonger.描述了作者头被卡住之后的痛苦感受,由此推断,接下来会描述事态发展及结果——最终得救。Para.2:根据段首句ThevideowaspostedtheMondaybeforeHalloween.可知,这段视频被发布到网上。由此推断,文章会接着描述视频上传网络之后引起的反响。
4.斟词酌句,动作描写①爸爸让我把脑袋往南瓜里推了推,这样妈妈就可以(把手)伸进去,解开绑在我马尾辫上的橡皮筋。Dadgotmeto_____myheadfartherintothepumpkinsomomcould_______and_____therubberbandroundmyponytail.②当我参加一个青年夏令营时,我被一些我从未见过的孩子认出来了。WhenI_______ayouthcamp,I_____________bythechildrenI’dnever____.pushreachinundowentonwasrecognizedmet
Step2妙笔成篇____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【参考范文】Itwasfiveorsixminutesthoughitfeltmuchlonger.Dadsuggestedweshouldcallthefiredepartment.“Staytuned,”saidmom;she’dmentionedshewasgoingtouploadthevideotoFacebook,butitwasonlythenIrealizedshe’dbeenfilmingthewholetime.Thevideocutbeforemyrescue—Dadgotmetopushmyheadfartherintothepumpkinsomomcouldreachinandundotherubberbandroundmyponytail.Iemergedwithknottedhair,asorechinandmynosecoveredinpumpkinflesh.
ThevideowaspostedtheMondaybeforeHalloween.Bytheendofthatday,ithadover1,000views.ByWednesdaymorningweweregetting5:00amcallsfromTVbreakfastshowsandthentheinternationalmedia—thevideostartedrackinguphundredsofthousandsofviews.WhenIwentonayouthcamp,IwasrecognizedbythechildrenI’dnevermet.Thepumpkinalsobecameaminorcelebrity.Passers-bywouldknockandask,“Whichistheverypumpkininthevideo?”beforetakingpictureswithit.
【加固训练】阅读填句(2021·南宁模拟)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。TeamBuildingAlmostnoonecangetawayfrom“teams”thataresupposedtobeabletocreatesomethingthatisgreaterthanthesumofitsparts.Therearefivemeasuresthatneedtobetakenbeforeyoucangetthemostoutofateam:1
Theremustbeaclearreasonfortheteamtoexist.Andallthemembersshouldrealizethevalueandsignificanceoftheirfunctions.Whattheyarehopingtoachieveshouldbesomethingachievablebutatthesametimetoughandinspiringenoughtoattractthemembersandkeeptheirmotivationalive.OpenCommunication2Forexample,theymaydiscussasensitivetopic.Shouldtheykeeptheirconclusionwithintheteamorshareitwithotheremployees?Inthecase,anyindividualvoiceisbynomeansasurething.Soanhonestdiscussionisexpectedtomakesureallthemembersagreeon.
RespecttoAllTeamMembersItiseasytothinkthatajuniorteammembermayhavelesstocontributethanmoreexperiencedones.3Peoplethathavenothingtocontributeshouldnothavebeenselectedfortheteaminthefirstplace.Sincetheyhavebecomemembersofyourteam,youneedtomakesurethateachofthemhasanopportunitytoaddhisorherthoughtstodiscussions.ConflictSolving
Disagreementsarenaturaland,infact,heateddebateshouldbeencouraged.4Consequently,thereshouldberulesonhowlengthydisagreementsshouldbehandled.Forexample,teammeetingsmaynotbethemostappropriateplaceforadisputethatinvolvesonlytwopeople,so“under-the-table”methodmaybeeffective.Leadership5Agoodorganizershouldbeabletoplaytoindividuals’strengthsandhelpthemovercometheirweaknesses.Hemustbeskilledinmotivatingpeople,
sharingresponsibilityandprovidingconstructivefeedbackonhowthetaskswent.Successfulteamworkingismarkedbyhowconfidentlyeachofitsmemberscompleteshisorherassignedtaskswithasenseofachievementandpride.A.MeasuringProgressagainstGoals.B.CommonGoalswithChallengingTarget.C.Mosthigh-performingteamsarewellorganized.D.Thisisnotonlydiscouraging,italsomakesnosense.E.Ateammadeuponlyof“yesmen”canmakedisastrousdecisions.
F.Choosearoleontheteamthatisbestsuitedtoyourparticularstrengths.G.Teammembersmustbeabletoexpresstheiropinionsfreelywithoutfearofbeingcriticized.【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了充分发挥团队潜力之前需要采取的一些措施。
1.【解析】选B。该段提到:团队的存在必须有明确的理由。所有成员都应该认识到其功能的价值和意义。他们希望实现的目标应该是可以实现的,但同时要足够艰难和鼓舞人心,以吸引成员,让他们保持动力。因此,该段主要提到的就是一个团队要有共同的目标,同时这些目标还要有一定的难度,还要能鼓舞人心。结合选项,B选项(共同的目标和具有挑战性的目标)表达此意。故选B。
2.【解析】选G。空后提到:例如,他们可能讨论一个敏感的话题。他们应该在团队中保留自己的结论,还是与其他员工分享?在这种情况下,任何个人的声音都不是必然的。因此,需要进行坦诚的讨论,以确保所有成员都同意。结合所给例子和该段小标题(公开的交流)可知,空处仍然要表达“鼓励团队成员表达自己的看法,进行坦诚的讨论”这个意思。结合选项,G选项(团队成员必须能够自由地表达他们的意见,而不害怕被批评)表达此意。故选G。
3.【解析】选D。空前提到:人们很容易认为,一个资历较浅的团队成员可能比经验丰富的团队成员贡献更少。而该段标题为:尊重所有的成员。那么,空处应该表达对空前所提想法的驳斥。结合选项,D选项(这不仅令人沮丧,而且毫无意义)符合语境。故选D。4.【解析】选E。空前提到:分歧是自然的,事实上,应该鼓励激烈的辩论。空后提到:因此,应该有一些关于如何处理冗长的分歧的规定。该空承上启下,E选项(一个仅由唯唯诺诺的人组成的团队可能会做出灾难性的决定)符合语境。故选E。
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5.【解析】选C。空后提到:一个好的组织者应该能够发挥个人的长处,帮助他们克服弱点。空处引起下文,应该提到和“组织”有关的内容。结合选项,C选项(大多数高绩效的团队都组织得很好)符合语境。故选C。
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