阶段评估检测(四)(必修4)(120分钟150分)
第一部分 听力(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
Text1W:John,isMarkcomingforteatomorrow?M:①Yes,Itoldyouyesterday,Tracy.W:Oh,didyou?Sorry,Imusthaveforgotten.1.Towhomteaisgiven?A.John.B.Mark.C.Tracy.答案:B
Text2W:What’sthehurry?We’dlikeyoutostayfordinner.M:Well,thankyou,but②HelenandIhavetomeetmyparentsattherailwaystation.2.Whatwillthemandonext?A.Leaverightaway.B.Stayfordinner.C.Catchatrain.答案:A
Text3W:Hi,Tom.③Wehadtostartthemeetingwithoutyou.M:Iknow.Myflightwasdelayedbecauseoftheheavyrain.W:Butyouarejustintimeforthediscussion.3.Whatdoesthemancomefor?A.Alecture.B.Ameeting.C.Aparty.答案:B
Text4M:Howmucharetheseshoes?W:Oh,theyare35dollarsapair.M:④DoyouhaveSize9?W:I’mafraidtheyaresoldout.4.Whatsizedoesthemanwant?A.9.B.35.C.39.答案:A
Text5M:Hi,I’mthinkingoftakingatripduringtheChristmasholidays.W:Wherewouldyouliketogo?M:Well,maybesomewherewarmandsunny.W:⑤HowaboutatourtoSoutheastAsia?5.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.LifeinSoutheastAsia.B.Weatherconditions.C.Aholidaytour.答案:C
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。
Text6M:Where’syoursandwichbox,Sally?I’llwashitup.W:Ididn’thavesandwichesforlunchtoday,Dad.⑥IwentwithJamesandPollytothenewcaféatschoolinstead.M:Ohyes.It’sopennow,isn’tit?Andaretheyofferinglotsofhealthyfoodliketheheadmasterpromised?Orisitallburgers,chipsandsweetjuicedrinks?W:Actually,⑦Ihadaburgerbutitwasavegetarianoneand,althoughitdidcomewithchips,Jamesatethechipsand⑦Ihadhissaladwithwater.Sothatwashealthy,Dad.
6.WheredidSallyhavelunchtoday?A.Inherclassroom.B.Inaschoolcafe.C.Inarestaurant.答案:B7.WhatdidSallyhaveforlunch?A.Aburgerandsalad.B.Aburgerandchips.C.Saladandorangejuice.答案:A
听第7段材料,回答第8、9题。Text7W:Well,Ithinktheyweremuchbetterthantheoneswesawyesterday.WhatdoyouthinkofthehouseinEccles?M:Well,IthinkitwasOK—and⑧itwastheleastexpensiveplaceinthisarea.W:Yes,thatwastrue.M:Thewoodenfloorswerelovely,andithadanewkitchen.Also,itseemedslightlybiggerthanourhouse.W:No.Ithinkitwasthesamesizeasours.Itjustseemedbiggerbecauseithadnofurniture.
M:Yeah,maybe.W:Anyway,IpreferredthehouseinMonton,becauseitwasbuiltinatraditionalstyle.Butitwasonaverybusyroad.⑨Itwasmuchnoisierthantheothertwo.
8.WhatdoesthemansayaboutthehouseinEccles?A.Itwasthecheapest.B.Itwasthebiggest.C.Itwasthenewest.答案:A
9.WhatwasthedisadvantageofthehouseinMonton?A.Itwasold.B.Itwasnoisy.C.Itwasunfurnished.答案:B
听第8段材料,回答第10至12题。Text8M:Hello,⑩welcometoourcampus.First,letmeshowyouaround.W:Thankyou.Yourcampusisquitelivelytoday.M:Yes,todayisaspecialday.W:Really?Whatisgoingontoday?M：Ouruniversityisholdingtheuniversityathleticmeetingtoday.W:Isee.Doyoutakepartinanycompetition?
M:No,Iamnotgoodatsportatall.Ionceparticipatedinthe100-metrerace,butIfelldown.W:Whatapity.Butit’sOK.Anyway,themostimportantthingistoparticipate.M:Yeah,youareright.Wouldyouliketowatchthegames?W:Whynot?Itmustbeveryinteresting.
10.Whatisthemangoingtodo?A.Toshowthegirlaroundhisschool.B.Tomakethedaydifferent.C.Totakepartintheathleticmeeting.答案:A
11.Whyisitaspecialdaythatday?A.Thetwofriendsmeettogether.B.Theschoolisholdinganathleticmeeting.C.Hefelldowninthe100-metrerace.答案:B
12.What’sthewoman’sopinionabouttheman’sfailure?A.Heshouldhavewon.B.Heisverybrave.C.Participatingisthemostimportant.答案:C
听第9段材料,回答第13至16题。Text9M:Hi,Lily,how’syournewflat?W:It’sgreat.Ireallylikeit.M:Howbigisit?W:It’sonebigroom,butithasabathroomandasmallkitchen,too.M:Howfarisitfromtheoffice?W：It’sonlyabout10minutes.M:10minutesbybusorbycar?W:Onfoot.Iwalkedtoworkthismorning.Iwas10minutesearly.
M:Youarelucky.Iwas10minuteslate.W:Whathappened?M：Allthebusescamelate.W:WhatdidSusansay?M:Shewaslatetoo.W:Whathappenedtoher?M：Shetookthetrain,anditwaslatetoo.W:Wellthenyou’rereallyunluckyafterall.Butwhatareyougoingtodotomorrow?M：I’llstart15minutesearlier.
13.Whatdoweknowaboutthewoman?A.Shelivesclosetotheoffice.B.Sheisnewtothecompany.C.Shelikesthebigkitchen.答案:A
14.Howdoesthemangotowork?A.Onfoot.B.Bybus.C.Bycar.答案:B
15.WhywasSusanlateforwork?A.Shemissedthebus.B.Hertrainwaslate.C.Hercarbrokedown.答案:B
16.Whatwillthemandonextday?A.Gotoworkbytrain.B.VisitLilyinherflat.C.Leavehomeearlier.答案:C
听第10段材料,回答第17至20题。Text10“Whereistheuniversity?”ThisisaquestionthatmanyvisitorstoCambridgeask.Butnoonecangivethemarightanswer,forthereisnowalltobefoundaroundtheuniversity.Theuniversityisthecity.Youcanfindclassroombuildings,libraries,museumsandofficesoftheuniversityalloverthecity.Andmostofitsmembersarethestudentsandteachersofthethirty-onecolleges.
Cambridgewasalreadyadevelopingtownlongbeforethefirststudentsandteachersarrived800yearsago.ItgrewupbytheriverGranta,andtheriverwasoncecalledtheCamAbridgewasbuiltovertheriverasearlyas875.Sothetowngotitsname“Cambridge”.Inthefourteenthandfifteenthcenturiesmoreandmorelandwasusedforcollegebuildings.Thetowngrewmuchfasterinthenineteenthcenturyaftertheopeningoftherailwayin1845.Cambridgebecameacityin1951andnowithasapopulationofover100,000.ManyyoungstudentsinothercountrieshopetostudyatCambridge.Thousandsofpeoplefromallovertheworldcometovisittheuniversitytown.Ithasbecomeafamousplaceallaroundtheworld.
17.Whichistheuniversityreferredtointhetext?A.TheOxfordUniversity.B.TheCambridgeUniversity.C.TheStanfordUniversity.答案:B
18.Howmanycollegesarethereinthecity?A.800.B.875.C.31.答案:C19.Wheredoesthecitygetitsname?A.Fromtheriver.B.Fromthebridge.C.Fromthetown.答案:B
20.What’sthepopulationofthecity?A.Over100,000.B.Over1,845.C.Over1,951.答案:A
第二部分 阅读(共两节,满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AIfyou’retoobusytobuythelatestissuesofyourfavoritemagazines,neverfear—helpisathand.WithdigitalsubscriptionsavailablefromMyFavoriteMagazines,youcangeteveryissuestraighttoyourtabletorcellphone.Belowaresomefantasticmonthlymagazinesyoucanenjoytoday.
HowItWorksisamagazinewithexcitingfactsaboutourworld.Eachissueispackedwithinterestingfactsandstoriesoneverythingfromscience,technologyandtransport,totheenvironmentandhistory.Witheasy-to-followdiagrams,funtrivia(花絮)andallthevitalanswerstoquestionsyoudidn’tevenrealizeyouhad,itcuresboredomandfeedscuriousminds.$2.5perissue(standardprice:$3.5).Haveyoufoundyourselfstaringupatthestarsinawe?AllaboutSpacediscoversthemysteriesofourSolarSystemandbeyond.Fromtheamazingtechnologyandspacecraftthatenableshumanstoventure(冒险)intoorbit,tothecomplexitiesofspacescience,theAllaboutSpaceteamhasyoucovered.$2.6perissue(standardprice:$3.7).
HistoryofWartakesyouthroughthestories,strategies,heroesandmachinesofarmedconflictthroughtheages.Eachissuecoverssomeofthemostastonishingandinspiringstoriesfrombattlefieldsacrossthecenturies,includingpowerfulinterviewswithsoldiersandexpertanalysesfromleadinghistorians.$2.7perissue(standardprice:$3.8).FromtheplotsofancientRome,tothescandals(丑闻)oftheTudorCourtandheroictalesfromWorldWarⅡ—AllaboutHistorytakesyouonajourneyacrossthecenturies,andleavesinallthedramaandentertainmentourattractivepasthastooffer.Eachissueisfullofvaluablepicturesandinterestingstorieswrittenbyhistorians.$2.8perissue(standardprice:$4).
【文章大意】本文是一篇应用文。文章是电子杂志月刊的订阅广告。分别介绍了关于趣味百科、宇宙天文、战争历史、历史轶事的四种杂志的相关内容和价格信息。
21.Howmuchcanitsaveyoutosubscribethefirstmagazineforayear?A.2.5dollars.B.3.5dollars.C.6dollars.D.12dollars.【解析】选D。细节理解题。定位到原文第二段最后一句可知每期节省1美金。结合第一段“monthlymagazines”月刊,可知一年共省了12美金。
22.Whichofthefollowingcansatisfyastronomylovers?A.HowItWorks.B.AllaboutSpace.C.HistoryofWar.D.AllaboutHistory.【解析】选B。细节理解题。结合第三段可知AllaboutSpace涵盖了航天科技和太空科学等内容,与题意相符。
23.WhatisspecialaboutAllaboutHistory?A.ItinterviewssoldiersfromWorldWarⅡ.B.Itisthecheapestofthefourmagazines.C.Ittellsmanyhistoricalstoriesoverthecenturies.D.Itsolvesthequestionsyou’repuzzledat.【解析】选C。推理判断题。定位到文章第五段“AllaboutHistorytakesyouonajourneyacrossthecenturies,andleavesinallthedramaandentertainmentourattractivepasthastooffer.”可知AllaboutHistory讲述了横跨多个世纪的历史故事。
B(2021·合肥模拟)At24,TiffanyCalvermightworryshehasalreadypeaked(达到顶峰)asaDJ.ShebeganDJingasahobby,uploadingmixestoherSoundCloud.Herhigh-energyselectionssooncaughttheeyesoftheonlinestationRadarRadioandthenDrake’smanagement,leadinghertolandmanyfirsts.
“Ijustwanttoexpressmyself,”shesays.“I’mnotinterestedincopyinganyoneelse’swork;Ihavetobeme.IloveartistssuchasKojeyRadicalwhoselyrics(歌词)aresoawareofhumanexperiences.TherearealsogreatexamplessetbyartistsfromtheoldergenerationlikeGhetts.GhettsactuallycooperatedwithKojeyonBlackRose,whichisallaboutcolourism—prejudiceagainstdarker-skinnedwomen—ahugeproblemintheblackcommunity(团体).”
“It’sreallyexcitingtoseetheBBCtakingnoticeofanewgenerationoftastemakersinourcommunity.Irememberatimewhentherewasnoplaceforyoungervoices.SnoochieShyistakingonthe1Xtrarap(说唱)fromMondaytoThursdayandCharlieSlothisbeingreplacedbytwowomen,whichishugeforoneofthebiggestradiostationsinthecountry.Ithinkit’llhaveabigeffectandencouragemorewomentofollowsuit.”
“ItwasgreattohearwomensuchasRicoNasty,whoisaggressive,succeedlastyearbecause,evenasaDJ,IhateitwhenpeopletellmeIhaveto‘playsomethingfortheladies’.There’ssucharichhistoryofunapologeticwomeninhip-hop,fromLil’KimtoCardiBandNickiMinaj.EvenrapperssuchasNoname,whomightnothaveasmuchofanaggressivesoundbutcantalkaboutpoliticsinthesamesong,arenotafraidtoshowallthelayerstherearetobeingawoman.Itisn’tjustsoftandfeminine.”
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了24岁的TiffanyCalver是一名DJ和说唱歌手。她勇于表达自我,不断追求自我,代表了说唱的新声音。24.WelearnfromParagraph2thatKojeyRadicalandGhetts_______.A.areanewgenerationB.areinthesamestationC.daretoexpressthemselvesD.liveinthesamecommunity【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第二段Ijustwanttoexpressmyself可知,KojeyRadical和Ghetts都反对对有色人种的歧视,敢于表达自己。
25.WhatdoesCalverthinkofCharlieSloth’sreplacement?A.Shefeelsitisunbelievable.B.Itisaheavyblowformanymen.C.Itallowswomentochangejobs.D.Sheholdspositiveattitudetowardsit.【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据第三段Ithinkit’llhaveabigeffectandencouragemorewomentofollowsuit.可知Calver持一种积极的看法。
26.Whichofthefollowingwordscandescribethewomenmentionedinthelastparagraph?A.Brave.B.Creative.C.Selfless.D.Considerate.【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据第四段...arenotafraidtoshowallthelayerstherearetobeingawoman.可知,最后一段提到的几位女性大胆展示作为女性的所有层次,这说明她们都很勇敢。
27.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Thesuccessinmusic.B.Thenewvoiceofrap.C.ThedifferenttrendinDJ.D.Theinfluenceofawoman.【解析】选B。主旨大意题。文中主要讲述了说唱歌手TiffanyCalver勇于表达自我,不断追求自我的个性,代表了说唱的新声音。
C(2021·昆明模拟)FromthecoldArctictotheAfricanplains,everysocietyseemstohavesomeformofmusicaspartoftheirculture.Musicissocommonandwidespreadthatmostpeopledon’tevenquestionitanymore.Butuntilrecently,therewereresearcherswhodoubtedit:Howcouldweknowthatmusicwasreallyapartofallknownsocieties?
Now,Harvardresearchers,SamuerMehrandManvirSingh,havefoundfurtherevidencetosupporttheargument.Theygatheredmusicfromdifferentcountries,mediaandtimeperiods,andcollecteddescriptionsofmanydifferentpiecesofmusic.Ratherthanfocusingonmusicfirstandthenlookingatwhereitcouldbefound,theystartedbystudyingarecordofdetaileddescriptionsofmorethanthreehundredknownglobalsocieties,andfoundthatallofthemhavemusicaspartoftheirculture.
Toseeifpeoplecouldrecognizethefunctionsofsongsfromaroundtheworld,theresearchersalsocreatedalisteningexperimentinwhichpeopletriedtoguessthebehavioralcontextofasong.Thiswentsurprisinglywell.Particularlymusicthatwasintendedfordancingortocalmababywaseasytorecognizeaseitherdancemusicorlullabies.Lovesongswereabitmoredifficulttoqualify,becausetheytendtobeverydiverseevenwithincultures.
Thissystematicstudyofconnectionssoundslikethewaythatresearchersinotherfieldswouldstudybiologicalpatterns.“There’safieldknownasculturalphylogenetics,”saysSingh.Whereasbiologicalcharacteristicsareonlyreceivedfromparenttochild,culturalcharacteristics(likemusic)arealsosharedbetweenpeopleofthesamegeneration.Thatmakesitmuchmoredifficulttofigureoutwherethecharacteristichascomefrom.
“Finally,”Singhsays,“Westilldon’tknowwhymusicdevelopedgradually.Ourstudyshowsthathumanseverywheresharecognitivemechanisms(认知机制)thatmakecertainsoundsseemappropriateinparticularcontexts.”【文章大意】本文是一篇议论文,介绍世界各地的音乐拥有的共同特点,同时成为各种文化不可或缺的组成部分。
28.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inParagraph1referto?A.Thefactthatmusicispartofeveryculture.B.Thequestionwhethermusiciswidelyspread.C.Thedoubtwhetherfurtherresearchhasbeendone.D.TheideathatAfricaandtheArctichavecoolmusic.【解析】选A。词义猜测题。根据第一段第一句“FromthecoldArctictotheAfricanplains,everysocietyseemstohavesomeformofmusicaspartoftheirculture.”可知,每个社会群体似乎都把某种音乐形式当作他们自己文化的一个部分,由此推断代词it指代音乐是每种文化的一部分这一事实。
29.WhatdidMehrandSinghdofirst?A.Theyfoundoutfurtherevidence.B.Theystudiedvarioussocieties.C.Theysoughttheoriginsofmusic.D.Theyfocusedmainlyonmusic.【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第二段第三句“Ratherthanfocusingonmusicfirstandthenlookingatwhereitcouldbefound,theystartedbystudyingarecordofdetaileddescriptionsofmorethanthreehundredknownglobalsocieties”可知,Mehr和Singh首先做的事情是研究全球三百多个已知社会群体的详细描述的记录。
30.What’sthepurposeofthelisteningexperiment?A.Tocomfortababy.B.Topickoutlovesongs.C.Tocreateacontext.D.Totellfunctionsofsongs.【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第三段“Toseeifpeoplecouldrecognizethefunctionsofsongsfromaroundtheworld,theresearchersalsocreatedalisteningexperimentinwhich...”可知,听乐辨析实验的目的是看人们能否对世界各地的音乐功能加以辨别。
31.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A.Musicshapessocietiesindifferentcultures.B.Globalmusicsharescommoncharacteristics.C.Musicalsystemsdisplayculturaldifferences.D.Multi-cultureisbasedonbiologicalpatterns.【解析】选B。主旨大意题。本文讲了世界各地的音乐拥有共同的特点,即能够长期依附于各种社会群体的各种活动,同时成为各种文化不可或缺的组成部分。
D(2021·牡丹江模拟)Everyyear,thousandsofnewhighschoolgraduatespacktheirbags,movetonewcities,andsignpapersacceptingloans,themoneyborrowedfromabankorlendersetc.,whichtheymightnotbeabletopayback.Withoutpropereducationonpersonalfinance,especiallyasitrelatestopayingforcollege,youngadultsareguidedintoimproperloanplansthatresultinyearsofdebtaftergraduation.Inordertosetstudentsuptosucceedfinancially,itisimportanttoeducatestudentsandparentsontheirfinancialoptionsbeforeschoolinthefall.Thebestwaytosupport
familiesheadingforcollegeistorequirethateveryhighschoolstudenttakeapersonalfinanceclassbeforegraduation.Thiswillhelpsmooththetransitionintoadulthood.Theaveragestudenttakesoutatleastoneloantocoverthecostsoftheireducationeachyear.In2014theaveragestudentgraduatingfromcollegecarriedanegativebalanceofabout$20,000indebt,whichoftenspreadovermultiplelenders.Upongraduation,studentsrarelyknowexactlyhowmuchmoneytheyowe,andeventhoughtheyareinthestateofbeingunabletopaytheirdebts,theycannotwipeoutstudentloans.Thesestudentsspendmuchoftheiradultlivespayingoffthegradualincreasingdebts.
Apersonalfinancecoursewouldteachstudentshowtomanagetheirincomeandexpenses,whilehelpingtosignificantlyreducetheamountofdebtstudentscarryintoadulthood.Byteachingstudentshowtosavemoneyandlivewithintheirmeans,thiscoursewillprovidethenextgenerationwithafoundationtoprogressfinancially.Studentschoosingtogetajobstraightoutofhighschoolwouldalsobenefitfromfinanceeducationfortheseveryreasons.Witheducationonhowtomanagetheirfinances,allyoungpeoplewillhavetheknowledgetomakehealthydecisions,leadingthemtoimprovegoodcreditandpurchaseneededitemslikecarsandhomeswithskillandconfidence.
Whilenoteveryyoungpersonmakesfinancialmistakes,thosewhodocanfaceyearsofdifficultytryingtogettheirfinancesbackundercontrol.Ratherthanhelpthemthroughthesehardtimeswhentheyhappen,weshouldtrytopreventthemfromhappeningatall.Makingthecompletionofpersonalfinancecourseworkarequirementforgraduationwouldensurethatyoungpeopleareatleastawareofthebasicsofpreservingafinancialstability.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一种理财课程,教学生怎么合理地管理自己的钱财,避免陷入债务危机。32.Aftergraduationfromcollege,manyyoungpeople.A.spendyearspayingofftheirdebtsB.struggletosupporttheirfamiliesC.getthroughthehardtimessmoothlyD.areabletomanagetheirownfinanceswell
【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“...youngadultsareguidedintoimproperloanplansthatresultinyearsofdebtaftergraduation”可知,很多年轻人花很多年偿还债务。故选A项。
33.Whatisthethirdparagraphmainlyabout?A.Waystoimprovefinancialcredits.B.Introductiontotheeducationonpersonalfinance.C.Skillsofbalancingincomeandexpenses.D.Advantagesoftakingafinancecourse.【解析】选D。段落大意题。根据文章第三段中的“Apersonalfinancecoursewouldteachstudentshowtomanagetheirincomeandexpenses,whilehelpingtosignificantlyreducetheamountofdebtstudentscarryintoadulthood.个人理财课程将教学生们如何管理他们自己的收入和支出,同时帮助学生显著减少他们成年后的债务。”可知,第三段主要介绍了理财课程的好处。
【知识拓展】用概括法归纳段落大意要注意不是所有的段落都有主题句,有时主题句暗含在句中。阅读这样的文章,就需要自己根据文章的细节来分析,概括出段落的主题,从而推导出文章的主旨。分析的方法是:先弄清该段落主要讲了哪几方面的内容,这些内容在逻辑上有什么联系,然后加以归纳形成主题。本题根据文章第三段的“Apersonalfinancecoursewouldteachstudentshowtomanagetheirincomeandexpenses,whilehelpingtosignificantlyreducetheamountofdebtstudentscarryintoadulthood.个人理财课程将教学生如何管理自己的收入和支出,同时帮助学生显著减少他们成年后的债务。”可知,第三段主要介绍了理财课程的好处。故选D项。
34.Havingfinancialknowledge,highschoolstudentsareprobablyableto_______.A.smooththeirwayforcollegeB.getoutoftheirfinancialtrapC.avoidtheriskofthefuturefinancialtroubleD.freefromthecostoftheircollegeeducation
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据文章最后一段中的“Makingthecompletionofpersonalfinancecourseworkarequirementforgraduationwouldensurethatyoungpeopleareatleastawareofthebasicsofpreservingafinancialstability.”可知,有了理财知识,年轻人至少能了解保持经济稳定的基本知识,也就是可以避免陷入经济困境。故选C项。
35.Themainpurposeofthepassageisto_______.A.informandexplainB.argueandpersuadeC.analyzeandevaluateD.discussandexamine【解析】选B。推理判断题。文章首先指出大学生会欠下很多债务,以至于在毕业多年后仍然忙于偿还债务,然后劝说这些学生参加理财课程,因为该课程能帮助他们更好地管理自己的钱,学会节约和合理使用钱。故选B项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。(2021·兰州模拟)LearningtoGiveaPepTalk(打气)Everyonewantstobethetypeofpersonwhogivesthecriticaltalkthatturnsaroundafriend’soutlook.However,givingagoodpeptalkisn’teasy.36.Youneedtonotonlylistenandunderstand,butalsostresstheotherperson’sstrengths.Youalsoneedtoknowwhentostoptalking.
“Alotofpeoplethinktheyaregivingapeptalk,buttheyarejustsayingwhattheywouldwanttohear,”saysStacyKaiser,apsychotherapist(心理治疗师)inLosAngeles.Insteadofinstantlytellingsomeonewhattodo,askhimwhatactionshehasthoughtabouttakingandwhyhethinkstheywillbebeneficial.“Don’tjumprightinandinsist‘You’llbefine,‘”saysKaiser.37.Repeattheperson’sconcernsoutloud,sohefeelsheard.Then,showyourfriendthatyoubelieveinhimandthathehaswhatittakestogetthroughthishardtime.Stresshisstrengths.
38.Youcan’tguaranteesuccess,butyoucanremindthepersonthathehasbeenthroughatoughtimebeforeandhasgottenthroughit.Atlast,Kaisersaysyoumustknowwhentostop.“39.Don’targueifthepersondisagreeswithwhatyouaresaying.Instead,tellhim‘Iamsorryyouarehavingsuchahardtime,‘andthenbackdown.”Kaisersayshehaslearnedtogivegoodpeptalksbygivingbadones.Helostanumberoflovedonesduringashortperiod.“Timingiseverything.”Thereisatimetogiveapeptalk,andthereisatimetojustlisten.40.
A.LetyourfriendhavehismomentB.GiveyourpeptalksandthenshutupC.ArguingwithyourfriendmakesnosenseD.ShowyourfriendthatyouunderstandwhyheissadE.Heisn’tinterestedinwhathisbestfriendsreallyneedF.ItrequiresanunderstandingofwhatyouraudienceneedsG.Itisalsoimportanttorememberthatpeptalksareabouthope【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明如何给他人鼓舞士气。
36.【解析】选F。根据下文“Youneedtonotonlylistenandunderstand,butalsostresstheotherperson’sstrengths.Youalsoneedtoknowwhentostoptalking.”可知空格处是说给人鼓舞士气,要了解你的听众需要什么。分析选项可知F项(它需要了解你的听众需要什么)符合语境。37.【解析】选D。根据空格前“Don’tjumprightinandinsist‘You’llbefine,‘”以及空格后的“Repeattheperson’sconcernsoutloud,sohefeelsheard.”可推断出D项“让你的朋友知道你理解他为什么难过”符合语境。
38.【解析】选G。根据空格后的“Youcan’tguaranteesuccess,butyoucanremindthepersonthathehasbeenthroughatoughtimebeforeandhasgottenthroughit.”并分析选项可知G(记住鼓舞士气的话是关于希望的,这一点很重要)符合语境。39.【解析】选B。根据空格的上句“Atlast,Kaisersaysyoumustknowwhentostop.”以及下文“Don’targueifthepersondisagreeswithwhatyouaresaying.Instead,tellhim‘Iamsorryyouarehavingsuchahardtime,‘andthenbackdown.”可知B项(给人打气,适时闭嘴)与本段意义一致,且B项中的“shutup”与空格前的“knowwhentostop”为同义词组,是词义复现。
40.【解析】选A。根据空格前的“Thereisatimetogiveapeptalk,andthereisatimetojustlisten.”可知A项(让你的朋友享受他的时刻)符合语境。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。(2021·武汉模拟)Let’sbereal.Thereisnodenyingthatweallhaveaspecialplaceinourheartforthehome(orhomes)wegrewupin.
Youmight41abouttheplacewhereyoulearnedtorideyourfirstbikeorthedoorframewhereyourparentstrackedyour42.Butwouldthatfeelingbeenoughforyouto43halfamilliontobuybackthehouse?IfyouwereauthorJ.K.Rowling,andyourchildhoodhome44certainpartsthatwouldbecomeoneofthemostwell-known45seriestoeverexist,it’sworthconsidering.Asit46,HarryPotterauthorJ.K.Rowlingownsherchildhoodhome,ChurchCottageatTutshillinChepstow,accordingtotheDailyMail.Rowlinghadquietly47thegothic-stylecottagewhenitwentonthemarketbackin2011for400,000pounds($499,554.00).
Nowlet’stalkaboutthatmagicthatisChurchCottagealready.Rowling48herefromages9to18.Thereisadoorinthecottage’sdiningroom,49totheoneFluffyguardsinHarryPotterandtheSorcerer’sStone.50thecottageisneartheForestofDean,wherethe51partofHarryPotterandtheDeathlyHallowstakesplace,(fortheForestofDeanisthemostimportantplaceinthesetwonovels.
Overtheyears,somewise52wereabletoconnectthedotsleadingtothehome,oftentryingtovisitit.“Foryears,everytimeanew53orafilmcameout,therewerealwaysmembersofthe54askingtocomeintoseethehouse,”JulianMercer,thehome’s55owner,toldBBCbackin2011.【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。曾经长大的家在我们的心里都会有一个特殊的位置。本文讲述作家J·K·罗琳出巨资回购曾经在此成长的房子,并对它做了一些改造,罗琳从9岁起在这里住到了18岁,这里是她的作品的灵感来源地。
41.A.inquireB.complainC.thinkD.consult【解析】选C。根据下文abouttheplacewhereyoulearnedtorideyourfirstbikeorthedoorframewhereyourparentstrackedyour_______.可推断,讲述对过去的回忆,你可能会想起第一次学骑自行车的地方,或者父母为你记录身高的那个门框。故选C。
42.A.lengthsB.heightsC.widthsD.weights【解析】选B。lengths长度;heights高度;widths宽度;weights重量。根据上文thedoorframe可知,门框是父母给你记录身高的地方。故选B。
43.A.payB.wasteC.borrowD.deposit【解析】选A。根据下文halfamilliontobuybackthehouse?可知,表示付款50万美元买下那个房子。故选A。
44.A.learnedB.combinedC.introducedD.inspired【解析】选D。根据下文certainpartsthatwouldbecomeoneofthemostwell-known_______seriestoeverexist可知,童年的家给了灵感创造出最著名的小说中的情节。故选D。
45.A.fictionB.filmC.dramaD.poetry【解析】选A。fiction小说;film电影;drama戏剧;poetry诗歌。根据下文HarryPotter和常识可知,J.K.Rowling最著名的是小说系列。故选A。
46.A.talksaboutB.turnsoutC.drawsupD.putsforward【解析】选B。根据下文HarryPotterauthorJ.K.Rowlingownsherchildhoodhome可知,结果《哈利波特》的作者:J·K·罗琳现在是自己童年那栋房子的业主。故选B。
47.A.rentedB.soldC.purchasedD.deserted【解析】选C。rented租借;sold卖;purchased购买;deserted废弃。根据下文whenitwentonthemarketbackin2011for400,000pounds($499,554.00)可推断,这个哥特式小屋于2011年在市场上出售,售价40万英镑(499,554美元),罗琳悄悄把它买下了。故选C。
48.A.studiedB.possessedC.workedD.lived【解析】选D。根据上文可知,罗琳从9岁起在这里住到了18岁,故选D。
49.A.superiorB.similarC.juniorD.prior【解析】选B。根据上文Thereisadoorinthecottage’sdiningroom和空格后totheoneFluffyguardsinHarryPotterandtheSorcerer’sStone.可推断,此处说的是小屋的餐厅还有一个门,和《哈利·波特与魔法石》中路威看守的门很像。故选B。
50.A.HoweverB.OtherwiseC.ThereforeD.Besides【解析】选D。句意:而且这个小屋在迪恩森林附近,《哈利·波特与死亡圣器》中很多情节都发生在这里。However然而;Otherwise否则;Therefore因此;Besides此外;而且。根据句意前后是递进关系。故选D。
51.A.initialB.majorC.modernD.boring【解析】选B。initial开始的;major重要的;modern现代的;boring枯燥的。从后文fortheForestofDeanisthemostimportantplaceinthesetwonovels.可知这里要填major。故选B。
52.A.fansB.employeesC.volunteersD.customers【解析】选A。根据下文oftentryingtovisitit.可知,近些年,有些聪明的粉丝把和这个小屋有联系的点串联起来,想要去小屋参观。故选A。
53.A.newspaperB.magazineC.workD.brochure【解析】选C。句意:几年来,每次有新的作品出版或者有电影上映时。newspaper报纸;magazine杂志;work作品;brochure小册子。根据orafilmcameout可知,表示新作品或者新电影上映。故选C。
54.A.staffB.familyC.churchD.public【解析】选D。staff全体职工;family家庭;church教堂;public公众。根据下文askingtocomeintoseethehouse可推断,总有公众来看。故选D。
55.A.formerB.primitiveC.wealthyD.generous【解析】选A。根据上文J.K.Rowling买下了这所房子,所以JulianMercer是前主人。故选A。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。(2021·龙岩模拟)Chineserestaurants,whichalmostnevercloseonChristmas,havemanaged56._______(become)asculturallyAmericanasmilkandcookiesforSanta.ButbeforeAmericanswerecrowdingintoChineserestaurants57._______Christmasdinner,theyweremoreinterestedincrowdingtheserestaurantsout.LaborunionsonceorganizedboycottsagainstChineserestaurants,buttheseboycotts58._______(rare)succeededintheiraimofdrivingtherestaurantsoutofbusiness.Asisknown,earlyChinese59._______(immigrant)werenotChristian,
andlosinganentiredayofsalesforaholidaytheydidn’tunderstanddidnotmakeeconomicsensetothem.AndChineserestaurantsboomedduringthe60._______(construct)oftheTranscontinentalRailroad,61._______(cater)toChineseminersandrailroadworkers.Chineserestaurantsusedtobeoneofthefewpublicplaces62._______welcomedAfrican-Americandiners.Besides,JewishcustomerswerealsowelcomedbecauseChineseownersandwaitershadnohistoryofprejudicetowardthem.Therefore,63._______makessensethatChineserestaurantswereadestinationforJewishfamiliesonChristmas.
Overthepastyears,Google64._______(find)thatmorepeoplesearchfor“Chineserestaurantopen”duringtheweekofChristmas,andChinesefoodonChristmashasbecomean65._______(accept)alternativeforanyonelookingoutsidetheusualholidaycelebrations.ItseemslikeproofthatChinesefoodandcultureisfinallypartofmainstreamAmerica.【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。中国餐馆曾在美国遭受排挤,但是现在中国餐饮与文化已经变成了美国主流文化的一部分。
56.【解析】tobecome。考查非谓语动词。managetodosth.努力做成某事。57.【解析】for。考查介词。这些美国人涌进中国餐馆是为了圣诞节晚宴,空格位于名词前,使用介词for表示目的。58.【解析】rarely。考查副词。副词作状语修饰动词succeeded。59.【解析】immigrants。考查名词的数。句子缺主语,根据were可知用可数名词的复数形式。
60.【解析】construction。考查名词。空格位于定冠词与介词之间,故填名词形式。61.【解析】catering。考查非谓语动词。句子谓语动词是boomed,故空格处填非谓语动词。句子主语与caterto之间是主动关系,故使用现在分词作状语。caterto满足某种需要或要求;满足……的需要。62.【解析】which/that。考查定语从句。定语从句的先行词为publicplaces,表示地名,但是在从句中作主语,故使用which/that。63.【解析】it。考查主语从句。主语是that从句,it作形式主语。
64.【解析】hasfound。考查时态。由“Overthepastyears”可知,用现在完成时。Google是第三人称单数,故填hasfound。65.【解析】acceptable。考查形容词。空格位于名词alternative前,不定冠词后,故使用形容词形式。
第四部分 写作(共两节,满分40分)第一节(满分15分)(2021·泉州模拟)假定你是李华,泉州市图书馆将举办中英双语中国茶文化展。你的外教MrSmith是中国茶文化的爱好者,请给他写一封邮件,邀请他一起参观。内容包括:1.参观的时间、地点;2.展览的主要内容:中国茶历史和文化等的图片;茶叶和茶具。注意:1.词数80个左右;2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。参考词汇:茶具teaset
DearMrSmith,Lookingforwardtoyourreply.Yours,LiHua
【参考范文】DearMrSmith,I’veheardyouarereallyinterestedinChinesetea,soI’mwritingtoinviteyoutoateacultureexhibition,whichIbelievewillenableyoutohaveadeeperunderstandingaboutChineseteathanbefore.TheexhibitionwillbeheldintheCityLibraryofQuanzhoufrom9a.m.to11a.m.thisSunday.
ItissaidtheexhibitionwillbeintroducedinbothChineseandEnglish.ItoffersusagreatchancetoknowthelonghistoryofteaasadrinkinChina.Andyou’llhaveacloselookatalargevarietyofteasinChinaanddelicateteasets.Hopeyoudon’tmissit.Lookingforwardtoyourreply.Yours,LiHua
第二节(满分25分)阅读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。(2021·惠州模拟)Teenagers’fitnessisnowamajorconcernandphysicalexerciseisveryimportant.Itreducesstressandimprovesfitness.Exercisemakesyourbodystrongandhelpsyoutokeeptherightbodyweight.Sportsscientistsofferthefollowingadvicetoteenagers:First,findoutyourpresentleveloffitness.Thenyoucandesignaprogrammethatwillhelpyoubecomehealthier.
Therearethreelevelsoffitnessthatneedachangeoflifestyle.“Overweight”meansthatthepersongetsverylittleexerciseandoftenhasaseriousweightproblem.“Inactive”meansthatthepersondoesnotjoininmanyphysicalactivities,butisnotseriouslyoverweight.“Active”referstopeoplewhotakepartinsportsandotherphysicalactivities,butdonothaveahighfitnesslevel.
Accordingtoexperts,overweightteenagersshouldworkouttokeephealthy.Rideabike,playvolleyballorbasketballforawhile,andgoforatwenty-minutewalkeachday.Allthesewillhelptoburncalories.Inactiveteenagersshoulddosimilaractivities,butaddsomebendingandstretchingexercises,suchaspush-upsandsit-ups,startingwithtwentyofeachaday.Inactivepeoplecantakealittlemoreexercisethanoverweightpeoplebecausetheirbodiesarestronger.Thesameruleisalsosuitableforactiveteenagers.
Expertsalsosuggestonehouraweekormoreonrunningandotherformsofintensiveexercise,togetherwithfifteenminutesadayspentonstretchingandbendingactivities.Theyarereallyimportantinordertopreventinjuries.Someweight-trainingandotherbody-strengtheningexercisescouldalsobeplannedintheprogrammeinordertoincreasetheperson’sstrength.
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【参考范文】Physicalexerciseisbeneficialtoteenagers’health.Teenagersareadvisedtofigureouttheirfitnesslevelandmakeaplantokeepfit.Therearethreelevelsofphysicalstates,namely“Overweight”“Inactive”and“Active”,whichurgeachangeoflifestyle.Accordingtodifferentfitnesslevels,expertssuggestteenagersdocalorie-burningexercises,bendingandstretchingexercises.
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