高考Unit3 Understandingeachother主题:人与社会 子话题:人际沟通 对应教材:必修5 Unit1 Gettingalongwithothers;选修6 Unit3 UnderstandingeachotherⅠ.细品味经典文章Manycountriesfollowspecialcustomswhenachild’sbabyteethfallout.Manyofthesecustomstellstoriesaboutanimalstakingtheteeth.Forexample,Koreanshavethecustomofthrowingthefallentoothontotheroofofahousesothatamagpie(喜鹊)cantakethetoothawayandbringanewtoothforthechild.ThiscustomisalsofollowedbysomeotherAsiancountries,suchasJapanandVietnam.Othercountries,though,havetoothcustomsaboutotheranimals.InMexicoandSpain,forexample,itisthoughtthatamousetakesafallentoothawayandleavessomemoney.ButinMongolia,itisdogsthattakechildren’steethaway.DogsarehighlyrespectedinMongolianculture.Itisbelievedthatthenewtoothwillgrowstrongifthebabytoothisfedtoadog,soparentsinMongoliawillputtheirchildren’sfallenteethinapieceofmeatandfeedittoadog.InFranceandtheUSA,achildwillputafallentoothunderhisorherpillowbeforegoingtobed.Itisthoughtthatintheearlymorning,whenthechildisstillsleeping,theToothFairywilltakethetoothawayandleavesomethingelseunderthepillow.Whatshewillleaveishardtoknow.ItissaidthatinFrancetheToothFairymayleavesomecandies;however,intheUnitedStates,shemayleavemoney.-30-/30
高考Ⅱ.按要求完成任务1.孩子的牙掉了,不同的国家有不同的处理方式,让我们一起看看。Korea:throwingthefallentoothontotheroofofahouse. MexicoandSpain:amousetakesafallentoothawayandleavessomemoney. Mongolia:dogstakechildren’steethaway. FranceandtheUSA:putafallentoothunderhisorherpillowbeforegoingtobed. 2.你认为处理不同国家的不同风俗,最好的办法是什么?Ontheonehand,naturalunderstandingisthebasisofbuildingfriendshipsandrelationships.Onlywhenthetwosidesofpeopleunderstandeachothercantheyputawaythedifferencesandcooperatewitheachother. Ⅰ.重点词汇1.ensurevt.保证;担保【教材原句】Roostersaresupposedtodrivebadspiritsawayfromtheweddingceremony,andhensarethoughttoensuregoodluckforthemarriage.(P34)人们认为公鸡能把鬼魂从婚礼仪式上赶走,母鸡能确保婚姻好运。【词块必记】ensuresth. 保证某事ensuresb.sth.保证/确保某人(得到)某物ensuresb.from/against...保护某人免受……的伤害-30-/30
高考ensurethat...=makesurethat...确保/保证……【巧学助记】“确保,保证”表达法聚焦makesure=ensure确保,保证assure确保,向……保证guarantee确保,保证makecertainof确保seetoitthat...确保……【语境速测】句型转换①Theteacherssparednoefforttoguaranteethatallstudentshadanequalchance.→Theteacherssparednoefforttoensureanequalchancetoallstudents(ensure). 单句语法填空②Theremustbesafetydevicestoensureworkersagainstaccidents.完成句子③Toensurefoodsafety(为了确保食品安全),thegovernmenthaspromisedtoreducetheamountofchemicalsusedinfoodproduction. 【文化金句】Itisourresponsibilitytoensurethatthecountry’shealthcarepublicationsarebeneficialtothepeople.确保国家的卫生保健出版物对人们有益是我们的职责。2.congratulatev.向(某人)道贺,祝贺【教材原句】Duringtheceremony,thehenlaidanegg,andeveryonecongratulatedthenew-30-/30
高考couplebecauseitwasconsideredverylucky.(P34)在婚礼期间,母鸡下了一个蛋,因为这被看作是件非常幸运的事,所以大家都祝贺这一对新人。【词块必记】(1)congratulatesb.on/upon(doing)sth.祝贺某人(做了)某事congratulateoneself(onsth.)(因成就或成功)为自己感到骄傲或自豪(2)congratulationn.祝贺;(复数)贺词congratulationstosb.onsth.祝贺某人某事Congratulations!恭喜!【熟词生义】Weespeciallywantedtocongratulatecertainplayers.我们特别想表扬一些球员。(表扬,称赞)【误区释疑】congratulation用作祝贺语时,通常用复数形式;作为“祝贺”这一抽象意义时,通常用单数形式。congratulate后不接带不定式的复合结构或that从句。【语境速测】单句语法填空①Theletterarrived,congratulating(congratulate)meon/uponmygraduationfromtheuniversity.②“Congratulations(congratulate)onyoursuccessinpletingtheexperiment,”shesaid.③Youcancongratulateyourself(you)onhavingdoneanexcellentjob.④We’llofferourcongratulationstoheronhersuccess.⑤Icongratulate(congratulation)youoncemore;thisisthebestthingyouhavedone.-30-/30
高考句式升级⑥Manyrelativesandfriendscongratulatedthemontheirsilverwedding.(用congratulation来改写句子)→Manyrelativesandfriendsoffered/senttheircongratulationstothemontheirsilverwedding. 【写作金句】Iamwritingtocongratulateyouonyourgreatdiscoverypublishedinthenewspaper.我写信祝贺你关于你在报纸上出版的伟大发现。3.permitvt.&vi.允许,准许n.许可证【典型例句】Mobilephoneconversationsarenotpermittedanywhereinthelibrary.在这个图书馆的任何地方,手机谈话都不允许。【词块必记】(1)permit(doing)sth. 允许(做)某事permitsb.(todo)sth.允许某人(做)某事time/weatherpermitting=iftime/weatherpermits时间/天气允许的话(2)adriver’s/drivingpermit驾驶执照(3)permissionn.允许;许可withoutpermission未经许可askforpermission请求允许【构词法】动词+后缀(s)sion变成名词-30-/30
高考①admit(v.)容许→admission(n.)准许②permit(v.)允许→permission(n.)许可③decide(v.)决定→decision(n.)决心④express(v.)表达→expression(n.)表达⑤discuss(v.)讨论→discussion(n.)讨论【语境速测】单句语法填空①Youshouldknowthatnophotosoftheexhibitsaretobetakenwithoutpermission(permit).②Therulesoftheschooldonotpermitparking(park)neartheschoolgate.③Thesecuritysystemwillnotpermityoutoenter(enter)withoutthecorrectpassword. 句式升级④Ifthetimepermits,Imaygohikingwithmyfriends.(用独立主格改写句子)→Timepermitting,Imaygohikingwithmyfriends. 【写作金句】Fatewillpermitnoapocalypsebeforeitstime,beforethenecessaryandpainfulstepsthathavetoleaduptothelastjudgement.命运在来之前不会允许人们启示别人,必须要自己去经历必要而又痛苦的那几步,才能走向最终的审判。【误区释疑】permit用作不及物动词,可表示时间、天气等“允许”,常用于独立主格结构,即“名词+现在分词”。4.adjustvi.&vt.适应,习惯;调整,调节-30-/30
高考【教材原句】It’squitefunnywatchingthenewforeignteacherstryingtoadjusttodoingthat.(P35)看新来的外教努力适应这个动作的样子很有趣。【词块必记】(1)adjustto(doing)sth. 适应(做)某事adjustoneselfto使自己适应于……adjuststh.to调整某物以适应……(2)adjustmentn.调整;调节;适应makeanadjustment/adjustmentsto对……作出调整(3)adjustableadj.可调整的,可调节的【巧学助记】“adjust...to(介词)”朋友圈①adapt...to... 使适应;使配合②devote...to...致力于……③addict...to...使……对……上瘾④apply...to...把……应用于……【语境速测】单句语法填空①Shefoundithardtoadjusttoworking(work)atnight.②Hewillhavetomakemajoradjustments(adjust)tohisthinkingifheistosurviveintheoffice.③Shesoonadjustedherself(she)tothewayofcitylife.完成句子-30-/30
高考④Ireallyhopeyoucanadjustyouremotion(调整你的情绪)andcanbehappyeveryday. ⑤However,Ithinkthatyouwillquicklyadjusttothem(适应它们)althoughtheweatherandthefoodaredifferentfromyours. 【写作金句】Ifyougotoanewplace,youmustadjustyourselftothenewsurroundingsquickly.如果你到了一个新地方,你必须尽快使自己适应新的环境。Ⅱ.核心短语5.letalone更不用说,更别提【教材原句】Inhisyouth,however,heneverlefthishometown,letalonetravelledtoanothercountry,becausehehadtoworktosupporthisfamily.(P41)然而,他在青年时代就从未离开过家乡,更不用说到过另外的国家了,因为他不得不工作养活他的家人。【词块必记】let/leavesb.alone 不打扰某人,别烦某人let/leavesth.alone别碰某物;别管某事letsb.down使某人失望letgo(of)放手,松手,放开,使自由letout使出去,放出;泄露(秘密);发出letin使进来,进入【知识拓展】letalone相当于一个插入语,但其后所接的词的形式要求与前面的平行一致,-30-/30
高考一般用于否定句之后。其同义短语是nottomention。【语境速测】完成句子①Ican’taffordtopaymyschoolfees,letalone(更不用说)buyanewputer. ②Let/Leavehimalone(让他一个人待着)andhewillstopcryingsoon. ③I’mcountingonyoutosupportme—don’tletmedown(让我失望)! ④Icantellyouthetruth,butyoumustpromisenottoletout(泄露)thesecret. 【写作金句】Duringthefloods,thecars,trainsandbuildingscouldnotsurvive,letalonethepeoplewhostoodintheway.在洪水来临时,汽车、火车、建筑物都不能幸免,更不用说站在路上的人了。Ⅲ.经典句式6.Manyforeignershavetroublegettingaccustomedtoit. 很多外国人很难习惯这一点。【典型例句】Theexpertsaretryingtofindoutthereasonwhymanyteenagershavetrouble(in)municatingwiththeirparents.专家们正在努力地弄清楚为什么很多青少年和父母交流有困难。【句型公式】(1)havetrouble(in)doingsth.意为“做某事有困难”,trouble为不可数名词,前面可加修饰词much,little,no等。(2)trouble可换用difficulty(不可数名词),意思不变。(3)若trouble/difficulty后跟名词,常接介词with。-30-/30
高考【巧学助记】对于句式havetrouble/difficulty(in)doingsth.的考查,常把trouble/difficulty提前,后跟定语从句,省略介词in,导致have与后面的动名词连在一起,做题时要注意辨别。【语境速测】单句语法填空①Iamhavingsometroublewithmyclassmatesatthemoment,butItrytoimproveit.②Somestudentshavetroublewithgrammarwhileothershavedifficulty(in)remembering(remember)newwords. ③Sincedrugabusershavedifficultyriding(rid)theaddiction,supportgroupswheretheycantalkabouttheirstrugglesandfindnewwaystomanageintheworldareoftenneeded.【写作金句】Wheneverwehavetroublewithourstudies,ourteachershelpuspatiently.每逢我们在学习上遇到困难,老师总是耐心帮助我们。7.OnereasonwhytherearesomanyFrenchwordsinEnglishisthattheFrenchruledEnglandforquiteanumberofyears.英语里有如此多的法语词汇的一个原因是法国人曾统治英格兰很多年。 【典型例句】Thereasonwhyhedecidedtoleaveschoolisthathecouldn’tgetalongwellwithotherstudents.他决定离开学校的原因是他和其他学生相处得不好。【句型公式】(1)reason用作先行词时,首先判断定语从句中缺什么成分,如果缺状语,-30-/30
高考则要用关系副词why或forwhich引导,why有时可省略;如果缺主语或宾语,则使用关系代词that/which引导。(2)thereason后接同位语从句解释其内容时,用引导词that。【误区释疑】(1)That/This/Itiswhy...“那/这就是……的原因”,why从句表示结果;That/This/Itisbecause...“那/这是因为……”,because从句表示原因。(2)主语为名词reason时,表语从句中的连接词要用that/which,而不用why或because。【语境速测】单句语法填空①Thereasonthat/whichheexplainedatthemeetingwasthathedidn’tcatchthefirstbus.②Whydon’tyoubelievethereasonthatmycarwasheldupinthetrafficjam?③Noonesaysrealizingyourdreamsiseasy;it’snot.Thatiswhysomanypeopleendupquitting.④ThereasonforwhichhefailedtheEnglishexamwasthathedidn’tlearnitwell.⑤Tommissedtheexamthismorning.Thatisbecauseheoverslept.【写作金句】Onereasonwhytheydidn’tfinishtheprojectontimeisthattheydidn’thaveenoughtime.他们没有按时完成该项目的一个原因是他们没有足够的时间。【备选要点】1.prohibitvt.(尤指以法令)禁止,阻止【教材原句】Anotherdifferenceisthatwhileweservefood,softdrinks,teaandcoffee,alcoholis-30-/30
高考notpermittedattheweddingreception—infact,alcoholisaltogetherprohibitedinBrunei.(P34)另一个不同之处是在结婚喜宴上我们提供食物、软饮、茶和咖啡,但酒是不允许的——事实上,在文莱(的婚礼上)酒是完全被禁止的。【词块必记】(1)prohibit(doing)sth. 禁止(做)某事(2)prohibitionagainst...……的禁令【语境速测】单句语法填空①Rainyweatherandfogprohibited(prohibit)flying,sowewerelate.②Mymotherprohibitsmaking(make)noisewhilewearestudying,butshedoesn’tprohibitusfromhavingadiscussion.③Theprohibition(prohibit)againstdrunkendrivinghassavedmanylives.【写作金句】Take-outfoodsshouldbeprohibitedfromenteringschoolsothatwecanhaveagoodentertainment.外卖食品应该被禁止进入学校,以便于我们可以拥有一个好的环境。2.offencen.冒犯;侮辱;犯法行为;罪过【教材原句】However,inBruneithatcancauseoffence,soweuseourthumbtopoint.(P35)然而,在文莱,这样会引起冒犯,所以我们用拇指指东西。【词块必记】(1)give/causeoffencetosb.得罪某人-30-/30
高考takeoffence(atsth.)(因某事而)生气nooffence无意冒犯;不要见怪(2)offendv.违反,冒犯(3)offensiveadj.冒犯的;攻击的;讨厌的【语境速测】单句语法填空①Drink-drivingisacriminaloffence(offend).②Speakingaloudinpublicgivesoffencetoothers.③Howshouldyoudealwiththeproblemcausedbyanoffensive(offend)email?【文化金句】Itiseasytogiveoffencetosomeoneifyouareimpolite.如果你不礼貌就很容易冒犯到别人。3.accustomedadj.习惯于;惯常的【典型例句】Accustomedtotheclimateandfood,theoldcoupleprefertoliveherefortherestoftheirliferatherthanmovetoanothercity.习惯了这里的气候和饮食,这对老夫妻更喜欢在这里度过余生而不想搬去别的城市。【词块必记】(1)beaccustomedto(doing)sth.=beusedto(doing)sth. 习惯(做)某事(表状态)get/beeaccustomedto(doing)sth.=get/beeusedto(doing)sth.习惯(做)某事(表动作)(2)accustomvt.使……习惯于accustomoneselfto(doing)sth.使自己习惯于(做)某事-30-/30
高考【巧学助记】“be+adj.+to(介词)”短语荟萃①beaccustomed/usedto习惯于……②beaddictedto对……着迷③beexposedto接触/暴露于……④bedevotedto致力于/献身于……⑤beattachedto附属于……【语境速测】单句语法填空①Afteroneyear,theyhavebeenaccustomedtoliving(live)there.②Thestudentsquicklyaccustomedthemselves(they)tothenewtimetable,whichexcitedtheteachers.句式升级Hewasaccustomedtothecustomanddidn’twanttochangeit.③Accustomedtothecustom,hedidn’twanttochangeit.(用过去分词短语作状语改写) ④Accustominghimselftothecustom,hedidn’twanttochangeit.(用现在分词短语作状语改写) 【写作金句】Onlyinthiswaycanyouaccustomyourselftolearnmoreknowledgeactivelyandenhanceyourself-educationabilityinuniversity.只有用这种方法,你才能让自己习惯于在大学里积极地学习更多的知识,增强你的自学能力。4.familiaradj.通晓;熟悉【教材原句】-30-/30
高考Forexample,IhavefondchildhoodmemoriesofBonfireNight,butmyAmericanfriendsarenotfamiliarwiththatparticularfestival.(P35)例如,我有童年时篝火节的温馨回忆,但是我的美国朋友对那个特别的节日竟然不太了解。【词块必记】befamiliarto(=beknownto)为……所熟悉befamiliarwith熟悉……beonfamiliartermswith熟悉……;与……关系亲密【误区释疑】befamiliarto的主语可以是人,也可以是物,宾语通常是人;befamiliarwith的主语只能是人,宾语是所熟悉的内容或物。【语境速测】单句语法填空①Iamastrangerhere.SoIamnotfamiliarwiththecity.②AlthoughthedragonisquitefamiliartomostChinese,nobodyhaseverseenarealone.句型转换③Heisquitefamiliarwiththecitybecauseheisanativeofit.→Thecityisquitefamiliartohimbecauseheisanativeofit. 【文化金句】ReadersfamiliarwithChinesehistorywillbeattractedbyherrichandcolorfulcultures.熟悉中国历史的读者将会被它的丰富多彩的文化所吸引。5.expectationn.期望,盼望-30-/30
高考【教材原句】Ilearntthatexpectationsatweddingscanbequitedifferent.(P40)我了解到人们对于婚礼的期望是十分不同的。【词块必记】(1)meet/liveuptoone’sexpectations不辜负某人的期望beyondexpectations料想不到beyond(one’s)expectations出乎(某人的)意料inexpectationof期望,指望(2)expectv.期望,盼望expectsb.todosth.期望某人做某事【语境速测】单句语法填空①AndtheymakemefeelthatI’vegottoliveuptotheirexpectations(expect).②TheSpringFestivaldidn’tturnoutasexciting,whichwasbeyondourexpectation.③Thenumberofpeoplewhocametoattendtheweddingwaslargerthanexpected(expect).④Ididn’texpecthimtobee(bee)asuccessfulwriter. 【写作金句】Childrenaretiredoflearningoftenbecausetheyareexpectedtodobetterthantheycan,bothatschoolandathome.孩子们厌倦学习,因为在学校里和在家里他们总是被期待做得更好。6.accountn.[C]描述,叙述;解释,说明;账户vt.认为vi.解释-30-/30
高考【典型例句】Iwasnotjustintimeforthemeeting,fortrainsweredelayedonaccountofthebadweather.我没有及时赶到会场开会,原因是天气不好,火车都误点了。【词块必记】onaccountof 因为,由于onnoaccount决不(置于句首时,句子部分倒装)take...intoaccount考虑到,顾及openanaccount开一个账户accountfor解释,说明;(数量上、比例上)占【巧学助记】表示“决不”的短语小结:①innocase ②bynomeans③atnotime ④innoway⑤undernocircumstances【语境速测】单句语法填空①Whendevelopingoureconomy,wemusttakeenvironmentalprotectionintoaccount.②Insixthgrade,adults(excludingparents)accountforonly25percentofadolescentsocialnetworks.③Wedelayedourdepartureonaccountofthebadweather.句式升级④Weshouldonnoaccountgiveuptheplan.(改为倒装句)-30-/30
高考→Onnoaccountshouldwegiveuptheplan. 【文化金句】Itissaidthatbodylanguageaccountsfor55percentofafirstimpressionwhilewhatyousayjust7percent.据说肢体语言占第一印象的55%,而你说的话只占7%。7.showsomebodyaround带某人参观、游览【典型例句】Havingbeenshownaroundthelab,weweretakentoseetheschoollibrary.在被带去参观了实验室之后,我们又被带去参观校图书馆。【词块必记】【语境速测】用show的相关短语填空①ThoughMoYanwontheNobelPrizeforLiterature,hedidn’tliketoshowhimselfoffinpublic.Therefore,heseldomshowedupontheTVscreen. ②Wewereshowedinandthestaffbegantoshowustheirexhibitionsonshow. 【写作金句】Sheshowedthevisitorsaroundthemuseum,theconstructionofwhichhadtakenmorethanthreeyears.她带领参观者参观这家博物馆,其建造历时三年多之久。-30-/30
高考8.havepowerover控制,支配【教材原句】ThePlainsIndiansbelieveintheGreatSpiritwhohaspoweroverallthingsincludinganimals,trees,stonesandclouds.(P47)平原印第安人信奉至上神,认为至上神对包括动物、树木、石头和云彩在内的一切拥有控制权。【词块必记】inpower 在掌权eto/intopower上台执政,掌权beyondone’spower为某人能力所不及in/withinone’spower在某人的能力/权力之内【语境速测】单句语法填空①Peopleshouldhavepoweroverthedecisionsthataffecttheirlives.②Someanimalshavethepowertosee(see)inthedark. ③Thepartyexpectstobebackinpoweraftertheelection.【写作金句】Thedecisionisinthehandofhim;Icouldn’tdothethingsbeyondmypower.决定权在他那里,我不能越权而为之。9.It’squitefunnywatchingthenewforeignteacherstryingtoadjusttodoingthat. 看新来的外教努力适应这个动作的样子很有趣。【典型例句】It’sfunnyreadingwordsthatmoveonthescreeninsteadofstandingstill.读这些在屏幕上移动的字而不是静止不动的字真好玩。-30-/30
高考【句型公式】(1)本句中it为形式主语,真正的主语是动名词短语。watch后跟复合宾语,thenewforeignteachers为宾语,tryingtoadjusttodoingthat作宾语补足语。(2)动名词短语作主语时,常用于以下句式:【语境速测】单句语法填空①Itwasuselesstelling(tell)himaboutit,sodon’tspeaktohimtoomuch.②Itfeltfunnywatching(watch)myselfonTV.句式升级③plainingwithouttakingactionisuseless.(用It作形式主语)→Itisuselessplainingwithouttakingaction. 【写作金句】It’snogoodworryingaboutitnow.现在为此发愁没用。Ⅰ.单句语法填空1.(2020·全国Ⅰ卷)WhileQueenslandRailmakeseveryefforttoensure(sure)trainsrunasscheduled,therecanbenoguaranteeofconnectionsbetweentrainsorbetweentrainservicesandbusservices.2.(2020·某某高考)Peopleneedpermission(permit)tobefunnyinsocialsettings-30-/30
高考becausethere’salwaysariskthateswithhumor.3.(2020·某某高考)Manylibrarieswillhelpyouwithlocallysuppliedinformationaboutbusinessmanagementsharedthroughchambersofmerce(商会)andgovernment(govern)agencies,andtheywillofferprinting,faxinganddatabaseservicesyouneed.4.(2019·某某高考)Mabrysaidhehadn’tplannedtodomuchforhismilestonebirthday,sohewashappythestudentshadpreparedthesurprisecelebration(celebrate).5.(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)Lin-ManuelMirandawrotethismusical(music)aboutAlexanderHamilton,inwhichthebirthofAmericaispresentedasanimmigrantstory.Ⅱ.微短文改错(每句中最多2个错)1.Havinglearntthatyouareadmittedbythekeyuniversity,Iamwritingtocongratulateyouforyoursuccess.Ialsolearnthatyouhavetroubleadapttothenewenvironment.第一句for改为on;第二句adapt改为adapting 2.Thatyoudointheclassroomisimproperasastudent,lettingaloneyouarealwaysabsent.Youareexpectedtobehaveyourselfanddevoteyourselftostudy.第一句That改为What;letting改为let 3.Youmaydislikethiswhenpeopletalkhappilywhileeating.However,itshowstheyarefriendlyandenjoytheeating.Soyouaresupposedtoadjustyoutoit.第一句this改为it;第三句中的第二个you改为yourself 4.ThereasonwhyIamfamiliarwithAmericanhistoryandcultureisbecauseIhave-30-/30
高考preparedforthisvisitonpurpose.Therefore,Ihavenotroublemunicatewiththemwithregardtothesefields.第一句because改为that;第二句municate改为municating 5.WheneverIhavetroubleswithmystudies,myteachershelpmepatiently.ButwhenIhavetroublewakeupinthemorning,Ihavenoonetoturntoforhelp.第一句troubles改为trouble;第二句wake改为wakingⅢ.语法填空(黑体词为本单元重点词汇)PresidentXi1.congratulated(congratulate)allfarmersaroundthecountryonthefirstFarmers’HarvestFestival.Farmersaroundthecountryheldvarietiesofactivitiesin2.celebration(celebrate)oftheirfirstfestival.It’squitefunny3.joining(join)inthesegames.Theseyears,our4.government(govern)attachesgreatimportancetothedevelopmentofagriculture.Itisreportedthatfarmersaccount5.for70%ofthepopulationofChina.Farmerscangettimelyhelponcetheyhavetrouble6.producing(produce).Lawsaremadetoensurethatfarminglandshouldnotbeusedforotherpurposeswithout7.permission(permit).Nowfactoriesthatwillcausepollution8.areprohibited(prohibit)frombeingbuiltinthecountryside.Farmersalsohaveadjusted9.themselves(they)tomoderntechnology.Theoldandpoorvillagesthatwewerefamiliar10.withhavechangedalot. 核心素养 培养良好的人际关系,养成积极、稳重的交往心态,通过交际提高学生分析问题、解决问题的能力,提高跨文化交往能力高考 2020·新高考全国Ⅰ卷阅读理解D;2020·全国Ⅱ卷阅读填句;2020·全国Ⅲ-30-/30
高考卷完形填空;2020·全国Ⅱ卷语法填空;2019·全国卷Ⅲ阅读填句;2018·全国卷Ⅱ阅读理解D;2018·全国卷Ⅲ完形填空Ⅰ.话题与阅读填句(2019·全国卷Ⅲ阅读填句)Inanonlineclass,developinghealthypatternsofmunicationwithprofessorsisveryimportant. 1 WhileIhaveonlylistedtwoofeach,thereareobviouslymanyothersituationsthatcanarise.Studentsshouldbeabletoextendthelogic(逻辑)ofeachtotheirparticularcircumstance. Do’s· 2 Questionsaboutsubjectcontentaregenerallyweled.Beforeaskingquestionsaboutthecoursedesign,readthesyllabus(教学大纲)andlearningmanagementsysteminformationtobesuretheanswerisn’thidinginplainsight. ·Participateindiscussionforums(论坛),blogsandotheropen-endedforumsfordialogue. 3 Besuretostayontopicandnotofferirrelevantinformation.Makeapoint,andmakeitsafeforotherstodothesame. Don’ts·Don’tsharepersonalinformationorstories.Professorsarenottrainednurses,financialaidexpertsoryourbestfriends.Ifyouareinneedofadeadlineextension,simplyexplainthesituationtotheprofessor. 4 ·Don’topenlyexpressannoyanceataprofessororclass. 5 Whenastudentattacksaprofessoronthesocialmedia,thelanguageusedactuallysaysmoreaboutthestudent.Ifthereistrulyaconcernaboutaprofessor’sprofessionalismorability,-30-/30
高考besuretouseonlinecourseevaluationstocalmlyofferyourments. A.That’swhattheyarefor.B.Turntoanonlineinstructorforhelp.C.Ifmoreinformationisneeded,theywillask.D.Rememberthatonlineprofessorsgetalotofemails.E.Belowaresomemondo’sanddon’tsforonlinelearners.F.Everyonehastakenanot-so-greatclassatonetimeoranother.G.Askquestions,butmakesuretheyaregood,thoughtfulquestions.【文章大意】本文为说明文,主要讲述了在网络课堂上,如何与教授建立健康的交流模式。1.【解析】选E。空前一句提到,在网络课堂上,与教授建立健康的交流模式非常重要。E项句意:以下是一些网上学习者常见的注意事项。该选项承上启下,符合文意,故选E。2.【解析】选G。本句是本段主题句。本段内容是围绕提问题展开的,与提问有关的选项只有G项,句意:提出问题,但要确保你提出的是经过深思熟虑的有价值的问题。故选G。3.【解析】选A。空前一句意思为:参加讨论论坛、博客和其他开放式对话论坛。选项A提到:那正是教授们所需要的。根据常识可知,教授们需要学生进行讨论,以提高思辨能力。故选A。4.【解析】选C。本段提到,教授不是你的私人护士、理财顾问,也不是你最好的朋友,所以不要谈论太多私人话题。假如你需要把提交论文的最后期限延后,只要解释一下你目前的处境就够了。C选项句意:如果教授们需要更详细的信息,他们会问你的。该选项符合文意,故选C。5.【解析】选F。空前句意:不要公开表达对某一个教授或某一堂课的不满。空后句意:当一个学生在社交媒体上攻击某位教授时,他所使用的语言实际上暴露了他的人品。选项F句意:-30-/30
高考每个人都曾遇到过不太满意的课堂。该选项承上启下,符合文意。故选F。【微技能点拨】 根据设题位置解题策略Step1 判断句子位置1.T2在段首:本段内容是围绕提问题展开的,后面是对问题的解释说明。可知T2的选项是段落主题句。2.T1、T3、T5选项在段中:T1根据空前句:在网络课堂上,与教授建立健康的交流模式非常重要和空后句:虽然我只列出了每种情况中的两种,但显然还有许多其他情况可能出现。可知,此句是承上启下的过渡句。T3根据空前句:参加讨论论坛、博客和其他开放式对话论坛。以及空后句:一定要紧扣主题,不要提供不相关的信息。可知此句是过渡句。T5根据空前句:不要公开表达对某一个教授或某一堂课的不满。以及空后句:当一个学生在社交媒体上攻击某位教授时,他所使用的语言实际上暴露了他的人品。可知此句也是中间的过渡句。3.T4是段尾句本段提到:不要谈论太多私人话题。教授不是你的私人护士、理财顾问,也不是你最好的朋友,如果教授们需要更详细的信息,他们会问你的。所以T4是段末概括性的语句。-30-/30
高考Step2 尝试解答T1:E T2:G T3:A T4:C T5:F【语用提能】话题词汇online;class;weled;information;forum;blog;dialogue;topic短语municatewith;participatein;inneedof;socialmedia;inplainsight熟词新义contentadj.满足的;满意的;v.满足;满意,此处为:目录,内容(新)【微语法填空】Inanonlineclass,1.________(develop)healthypatternsofmunicationwithprofessorsisveryimportant.Belowaresomemondo’sanddon’tsforonlinelearners.WhileIhaveonlylistedtwoofeach,thereareobviouslymanyother2.________(situation)thatcanarise.Studentsshouldbeabletoextendthelogic(逻辑)ofeachtotheirparticularcircumstance. Do’s●Askquestions,butmakesuretheyaregood,3.(thought)questions.Questionsaboutsubjectcontentaregenerallyweled.Beforeaskingquestionsaboutthecoursedesign,readthesyllabus(教学大纲)andlearning4.________(manage)systeminformationtobesuretheanswerisn’thidinginplainsight. ●Participateindiscussionforums(论坛),blogsandotheropen-endedforumsfordialogue.That’s5.________theyarefor.Besuretostayontopicandnotoffer-30-/30
高考irrelevantinformation.Makeapoint,andmake6.________safeforotherstodothesame. Don’ts●Don’tsharepersonalinformationorstories.Professorsarenottrainednurses,financialaidexpertsoryourbestfriends.Ifyouareinneedofadeadlineextension,7.________(simple)explainthesituationtotheprofessor.Ifmoreinformation8.________(need),theywillask. ●Don’topenlyexpressannoyanceataprofessororclass.Everyonehastakenanot-so-greatclassatonetimeoranother.Whenastudentattacksaprofessoronthesocialmedia,thelanguage9.________(use)actuallysaysmoreaboutthestudent.Ifthereistruly10.________concernaboutaprofessor’sprofessionalismorability,besuretouseonlinecourseevaluationstocalmlyofferyourments. 1.【解析】developing。考查非谓语动词。此处为动名词短语作主语,故填developing。2.【解析】situations。考查名词复数。被manyother修饰,需用名词复数。故填situations。3.【解析】thoughtful。考查形容词。与前面的good是并列关系,修饰questions。故填thoughtful。4.【解析】management。考查名词。managementsystem管理制度,管理体系。5.【解析】what。考查名词性从句。whattheyarefor在句中作表语,what是表语从句中介词for的宾语。6.【解析】it。考查代词。此处为“make+it+宾语补足语+todosth.”结构,it为形式宾语,真正的宾语是后面的todosth.-30-/30
高考7.【解析】simply。考查副词。修饰动词需用副词形式。故填simply。8.【解析】isneeded。考查时态和语态。information和need之间是逻辑上的动宾关系,需用被动语态,根据上文可知是一般现在时。故填isneeded。9.【解析】used。考查非谓语动词。此处为过去分词作后置定语,修饰language。10.【解析】a。考查冠词。在名词concern前,表示泛指,需用不定冠词a。Ⅱ.话题与写作中国和西方的饮食习惯有些差异,因此当你在异国他乡时要彼此理解尊重。假如你是李华,请写一篇介绍中西饮食习惯差异的短文。注意:1.词数100左右;2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;3.尽量使用本单元学过的词汇和短语。Step1 写作技巧要点写作①中西方饮食习惯存在着很多的差异。TherearesomedifferencesbetweenChineseandwesterneatinghabits. ②现在一些人在熟悉这些习惯上有困难。Somepeoplehavetroubleingettingfamiliarwiththemnowadays. ③中国人习惯于大家共吃一桌菜,而西方人则更喜欢吃自己餐具里的食物。Chineseareaccustomedtosharingallthedishestogetherwhilewesternersadjusttohavingtheirplatesoffoodalone. ④如果有太多人吃饭,西方人会不喜欢。Iftherearetoomanypeopleattable,westernerswilldislikeit.-30-/30
高考⑤在中国,如果是一个非常正式的招待会,比如婚礼,那将提供大量的饭菜,有些是吃不完。InChina,ifitisaveryformalreceptionsuchasaweddingparty,ahugeamountoffoodwillbesupplied.Someofitisleftover. ⑥这不仅浪费食物,而且会比西方人在吃饭上花费更多的时间。Itisnotonlyawasteoffood,butalsoittakesupmoretimeforChinesetohavedinnerthanwesterners. ⑦吃完饭后,他们或许也会带你参观他们的房间。Afterdinner,theymaybeshowyouaroundtheirhouses. 句式升级⑧用dislikeitif/when改写句④。Westernerswilldislikeitiftherearetoomanypeopleattable. ⑨用非限制性定语从句改写句⑤。InChina,ifitisaveryformalreceptionsuchasaweddingparty,ahugeamountoffoodwillbesupplied,someofwhichisleftover. ⑩用倒装句改写句⑥。Notonlyisitawasteoffood,butalsoittakesupmoretimeforChinesetohavedinnerthanwesterners. Step2 妙笔成篇 运用关联词串连以上句子。TherearesomedifferencesbetweenChineseandwesterneatinghabits.Somepeoplehavetroubleingettingfamiliarwiththemnowadays,forexample,Chineseareaccustomedtosharingallthedishestogetherwhilewesternersadjusttohavingtheirplatesoffoodalone.Westernerswilldislikeitiftherearetoomany-30-/30
高考peopleattable.InChinaifitisaveryformalreceptionsuchasaweddingparty,ahugeamountoffoodwillbesupplied,someofwhichisleftover.Notonlyisitawasteoffood,butalsoittakesupmoretimeforChinesetohavedinnerthanwesterners. Soitisimportanttogetfamiliarwiththesedifferenceswhenyouareeatingwithforeignersortravellingoverseas.-30-/30
微信/支付宝扫码支付