高考Unit3 Theworldonline 主题:人与社会 子话题:科学与技术 对应教材:必修4 Unit3 Tomorrow’sworld;必修5 Unit3Scienceandnature;选修7 Unit1Livingwithtechnology;选修7 Unit3TheworldonlineⅠ.细品味经典文章(2019·某某高考节选)WhocaresifpeoplethinkwronglythattheInternethashadmoreimportantinfluencesthanthewashingmachine?Whydoesitmatterthatpeoplearemoreimpressedbythemostrecentchanges?Itwouldnotmatterifthesemisjudgmentswerejustamatterofpeople’sopinions.However,theyhaverealimpacts,astheyresultinmisguideduseofscarceresources.ThefascinationwiththeICT(InformationandmunicationTechnology)revolution,representedbytheInternet,hasmadesomerichcountrieswronglyconcludethatmakingthingsisso“yesterday”thattheyshouldtrytoliveonideas.Thisbeliefin“post-industrialsociety”hasledthosecountriestoneglecttheirmanufacturingsector(制造业)withnegativeconsequencesfortheireconomies.Evenmoreworryingly,thefascinationwiththeInternetbypeopleinrichcountrieshasmovedtheinternationalmunitytoworryaboutthe“digitaldivide”betweentherichcountriesandthepoorcountries.Thishasledpaniesandindividualstodonatemoneytodevelopingcountriestobuyputerequipmentand-18-/18
高考Internetfacilities.Thequestion,however,iswhetherthisiswhatthedevelopingcountriesneedthemost.Perhapsgivingmoneyforthoselessfashionablethingssuchasdiggingwells,extendingelectricitynetworksandmakingmoreaffordablewashingmachineswouldhaveimprovedpeople’slivesmorethangivingeverychildalaptopputerorsettingupInternetcentresinruralvillages,Iamnotsayingthatthosethingsarenecessarilymoreimportant,butmanydonatorshaverushedintofancyprogrammeswithoutcarefullyassessingtherelativelong-termcostsandbenefitsofalternativeusesoftheirmoney.Ⅱ.按要求完成任务1.写出文章中与网络科技有关系的单词和短语Internet,resources,InformationandmunicationTechnology,internationalmunity,digitaldivide,puterequipment,Internetfacilities,networks,laptopputer 2.网络给人们提供了丰富多彩和便捷的生活,很多人开始感觉离开网络寸步难行,不少人一遇到问题就上网搜答案。对此,你认为应该怎么做?AsfarasI’mconcerned,weshouldn’tpletelydependontheInternettosettleproblems.Whenweeacrosssomedifficulties,we’dbettertryourbesttofindpossiblesolutions.Ifwemakegreateffortsandstillcan’teupwithananswer,thenwecansurfonlinetosearchsolutions.Butweshouldquestionthecorrectnessoftheseanswersbeforeweadoptthem. Ⅰ.重点词汇-18-/18
高考1.claimvt.宣称;断言;索取,认领 n.声明,断言;索款,索赔【教材原句】TheyclaimthatsurfingtheInternetisawasteoftime.(P34)他们声称上网是浪费时间。【词块必记】claimtodosth. 声称做某事claimsb./sth.tobe/as声称某人/某事是……claimsth.back索回;要回【熟词生义】读句子,悟含义Heartdiseaseisthebiggestkiller,claiming180,000livesayear.[夺去(生命)]【语境速测】单句语法填空①Theyclaimtohavediscovered(discover)acureforthedisease. ②Heclaimedhimselftobe(be)engineer. ③Theyclaimedthechildastheirown.④Buythespecialsuppliesforthepany,andclaimbacktheircost.【写作金句】Itwasclaimedthattheyhaverealizedtheirwishes.据说他们已实现了他们的愿望。2.acknowledgevt.承认,认可;感谢【典型例句】Ididnotacknowledgethathehaddoneanythingwrong.我没有承认他犯了什么错。【词块必记】-18-/18
高考(1)acknowledge...tobe/as... 承认……是……acknowledgedoing/havingdonesth.承认做了某事Itiswidely/universallyacknowledgedthat...人们普遍认为……,大家公认……(2)acknowledgementn.承认;致谢,确认【语境速测】写出黑体部分的含义①Theyrefusedtoacknowledgethattheyweredefeated.(承认)②Wegratefullyacknowledgethesacrificesthemedicalstaffmadeinthefightagainsttheepidemic.(感谢)③Harrywasacknowledgedtobethecleverestboyintheclass.(认可,公认)④Allapplicationswillbeacknowledged.(告知,收悉)【文化金句】LearninghowtoacknowledgesomeonewhohelpsyouisatraditionalChineseoutstandingvirtue.学会感激帮助过你的人,是中国优秀的传统美德。Ⅱ.核心短语3.turntosomebody/something转向;向……求助;翻到(书的某页)【典型例句】Hecan’tmakeendsmeet.However,hewouldn’tturntoanyone.他已经入不敷出了,然而他还是不愿求助于任何人。【词块必记】-18-/18
高考turnaway 转身离开turndown调低;拒绝turnin上交,退还turnoff关闭turnover翻身;仔细考虑;移交turnout结果是,证明是turnup调高(音量等),出现,露面【语境速测】单句语法填空①It’stimetosetoff,butnoonehasturnedup.②Iamnotsureofwhototurntoonthissubject.③Sheturnedawayinhorroratthesightofsomuchblood.④Hesaidhewasadoctor;butlaterheturnedouttobeacheat.⑤Theywereafraidofbeingturneddownwhentheyaskedgirlstodanceathighschoolhops.【文化金句】Weshouldbereadytohelppeoplewhoturntousforhelp.我们应该乐于帮助那些向我们求助的人。Ⅲ.经典句式4.Followthesetips,andyourtimespentdoingresearchontheInternetwillbemuchmoreworthwhile. 遵循这些建议,你在网络上进行研究的时间将会更有价值。【典型例句】-18-/18
高考①Followyourdoctor’sadvice,andyou’llbebettersoon.听从医生的建议,不久你就会好的。②Hurryup,oryouwillbelate.快点,否则你就会迟到的。【句型公式】(1)祈使句+and+陈述句=If...,+主句(2)祈使句+or/otherwise+陈述句=If...not...,+主句(3)名词短语+and+陈述句【语境速测】一句多译再给我一个小时,我就把工作做完。①Givemeonemorehour,andI’llgettheworkfinished. ②Ifyougivemeonemorehour,I’llgettheworkfinished. ③IfIamgivenonemorehour,I’llgettheworkfinished. ④Givenonemorehour,I’llgettheworkfinished.(过去分词作状语) ⑤Onemorehour,andI’llgettheworkfinished.(名词短语) 【备选要点】1.correspondvi.通信;相一致,符合;相当于【典型例句】Thewrittenrecordoftheconversationdoesn’tcorrespondtowhatwasactuallysaid.那次谈话的文字记录与原话不符。【词块必记】(1)correspondto/with 和……一致,与……相符合-18-/18
高考(2)correspondwithsb.与某人通信(3)correspondencen.一致,符合,通信incorrespondencewith与……有通信联系;与……一致,与……相符【语境速测】单句语法填空①Theworkingofthismachinecorrespondstothatofthehumanbrain.②Ifwecorrespondwitheachotherregularly,weshan’thavebeenoutoftouchforyears.③Asherprivatesecretary,hehasaccesstoallhercorrespondence(correspond).④Ihavebeenincorrespondencewithhimabouttheproblem.2.addressvt.探讨,解决,处理;向……说话;称呼(某人)【典型例句】Weshouldhaveenoughcouragetoaddresstheseriousproblemsfacingus.我们应当有足够的勇气处理我们面临的各种严重问题。【词块必记】addressalettertosb. 给某人写信addresssb.as...称呼某人,冠以某人……称呼addressoneselftodoingsth.着手做某事,忙于做某事addresssth.tosb.将某物邮寄给某人giveanaddresstosb.向某人发表演讲【语境速测】写出黑体部分的词性及含义-18-/18
高考①Youmustgethernameandaddress,andthatcanbeaproblemforastart.(n.地址)②MrKingsoughttoaddressthosefearswhenhespokeatthemeeting.(vt.解决)③Theletterwascorrectlyaddressed,butdeliveredtothewronghouse.(vt.写地址)④IwassurprisedwhenheaddressedmeinEnglish.(vt.向……说话)3.abandonvt.放弃;抛弃,舍弃【典型例句】Thosewhoabandonthemselvestodespaircannotsucceed.那些自暴自弃的人无法成功。【词块必记】(1)abandononeselftosth. 沉溺于,纵情于某事=beabandonedtosth.abandondoingsth.放弃做某事(2)abandonn.放任,放纵withabandon放任地;放纵地;纵情地(3)abandonedadj.放弃的,被遗弃的【语境速测】单句语法填空①Theyabandonthemselvestodrinking(drink).②Thefanscheeredwithabandonwhentheirfootballteamwon.一句多译③他总是贪图吃喝。Healwaysabandonshimselftoeatinganddrinking. -18-/18
高考=Heisalwaysabandonedtoeatinganddrinking. 4.qualificationn.资格,资历【典型例句】Previousteachingexperienceisanecessaryqualificationforthisjob.教学经验是担任这项工作的必备条件。【词块必记】(1)qualificationfor ……的资格have/getthequalificationtodosth./forsth.有/得到做……的资格(2)qualifysb.forsth. 使某人具有……的资格(3)qualifiedadj.有资格的,胜任的;合格的bequalifiedfor...有……的资格,可胜任bequalifiedtodosth.能胜任做某事【语境速测】单句语法填空①Herecognizedthatshewaswellqualified(qualify)forthepost.②Avictoryinthisgamewillearnthemqualification(qualify)fortheWorldCup.完成句子③Thesocietyissopetitiveandwemusthavethequalificationtoface(有资格面对)thefiercepetitions. 【写作金句】I’mpleasedtoknowyouhaveallqualificationstodothejob.我很高兴知道你有资格做这份工作。-18-/18
高考5.relevantadj.紧密相关的,切题的;有价值的,有意义的【教材原句】Beingrelevantandcorrect,though,doesnotequalbeinguptodate.(P46)然而,相关性和正确性并不等于是最新的。【词块必记】(1)berelevantto 与……有关;切题(2)irrelevantadj.无关系的,不相干的【语境速测】完成句子①Herappearanceisnotrelevantto(与……有关)whethershecanbeagoodteacher. ②Idon’tthinkhisremarksarerelevanttoourdiscussion(与我们的讨论有关). ③Inhisclassstudentsneverfeelembarrassedalthoughreferringtoaweakorirrelevantquestion(无关问题). 6.bothervi.&vt.花费时间、精力(做某事);打扰,给某人造成麻烦【典型例句】I’msorryIhavebotheredyouwithsomanyquestions.真抱歉,我问这么多问题打扰了你。【词块必记】【语境速测】单句语法填空-18-/18
高考①Thereisnothingthematter;Iwishyouwouldn’tbotheraboutme.②Youdon’tbothertoget(get)dinnerformetoday;I’lleatout. ③Thatmanisalwaysbotheringmetolend(lend)himmoney. 完成句子④Whybotheraskingifyou’renotreallyinterested? 为什么还要麻烦去问你是否真的不感兴趣?⑤Ifyoucan’tbebotheredtomove,Iwillhavetofetchitmyself. 如果你懒得动,我就得自己去拿。7.keepsth.inmind记住某事【典型例句】Weshouldallkeepinmindtheconceptof“We”andpracticeit.你我都应当保持“我们”理念,实践“我们”理念。【词块必记】【语境速测】单句语法填空①Wemustkeepthislessoninmind.②Amonthbeforethemarathon,theauthormadeuphismindtorun(run). ③WhenIsaidno,theygaveme48hourstochangemy(I)mind.-18-/18
高考④Ifyouhaveadefinitepurposeinmind,gettothepointpromptly.【文化金句】Keepthepeopleinmindandplacehopesonthem.着眼于人民,寄希望于人民。8.uptodate最新的;现代的;时髦的【典型例句】Itisimportantthatyoukeepthisinformationuptodate.保持您最新的资讯是非常重要的。【词块必记】(1)stayuptodate 保持最新,与时俱进bring...uptodate使……现代化/不过时/更新outofdate过时的,陈旧的(2)up-to-dateadj.最新的;现代的,时髦的up-to-dateinformation最新信息【熟词生义】读句子,悟含义Iwanttospendthisweekendbringingmyletterwritinguptodate.(完善)【语境速测】完成句子①Someoftheoldermembersoftheprofessionarenotuptodate(赶不上目前的情况)intheirknowledgeandmethods. ②Muchoftheinformationinthatbookisnowoutofdate(过时了). ③Ifyouwanttobepopularwithyourstudents,Ithinkyouneedtostayuptodate(与时俱进). -18-/18
高考【写作金句】Theyoungteachersareveryuptodateintheirmethodoflanguageteaching.这些年轻教师们的语言教学法是非常新颖的。9.dropout退学,辍学;退出,脱离【典型例句】Shestartedadegreebutdroppedoutafteronlyayear.她在攻读学位仅一年后就退学了。【词块必记】【语境速测】用drop的相关短语完成句子①IthoughtI’ddropinonyouwhileIwaspassing. 我想我路过的时候顺便来看你。②Wecandropyouoffatyourplaceonourwayhome. 我们可以在回家的路上把你送到你家。③Tonydroppedoutaftertheclub’snewmanagerarrived. 俱乐部的新经理来后托尼就退出了。④Dropintoseeusanytimeifyou’reintown. 如果你在城里,随时来看我们。⑤Shesaidshewouldneverdropoutofthepetitionhalfway. -18-/18
高考她说她决不会中途退出比赛。Ⅰ.单句语法填空1.(2020·全国I卷)Begintotrainyourbraintolookatstrengthbeforeweakness(weak).2.(2020·某某高考)Adaptivesignalscanmakesurethatthetrafficdemandthatisthereisbeingaddressed(address). 3.(2020·新高考全国I卷)Historicalaccuracy(accurate)isimportantbutsoisentertainment.4.(2020·新高考全国I卷)MrBissellskillfullyorganizeshistoricalinsightsandculturalreferences(refer),makinghistaleawell-roundedpictureofUzbekistan,seenfromWesterneyes.5.(2020·某某高考)Thequestionofwhatweknowanddonotknowconstantlybothered(bother)me.Ⅱ.微短文改错(每句中最多2个错)1.Atlast,Iwillbeonmyown,butIstillwanttohavemyparentstoturnwheneverneedhelp.turn后加to;need前加I2.Hemandedthatroadswouldbebuilttolinkcastlesacrosstheland.would改为should3.What’smuch,thiskindofproductisextremeeasytouse.much改为more;extreme改为extremely4.Thesetouristsarethepeoplefromdiversityculturesthathavedifferenttradition.-18-/18
高考diversity改为diverse;tradition改为traditions5.Thetestcanaccuratepredictwhatabiggerexplosionwoulddo.accurate改为accurately6.Wearekeepinguptothedatewiththelatestdevelopments.去掉第一个theⅢ.语法填空(黑体词为本单元重点词汇)Accordingtostatistics,onlineshoppingisbeingmoreandmorepopular.There1.are(be)abundantgoodsofdifferentbrandsandcategories.What’smore,thegoodsonlineareup2.todate.Whatyouneedtodoisclickyourmouseandtypeyouraddressclearly.Whenyouwanttobuysomething,youcanlookthroughtheweb3.pages(page)firstandbsomethingcarefully,4.whichdoesn’tbotheryoutoomuch.However,it5.isacknowledged(acknowledge)thattherearealsosome6.weaknesses(weak).Firstly,therearesomefalsegoods,whichmadepeoplefeel7.alarmed(alarm).Secondly,sometimesthegoodsdon’tcorrespondwith8.thesamples.Customersareoftenat9.shopkeepers’(shopkeeper)mand.Sotherelevantdepartmentshouldtakemeasures10.toprotect(protect)thelegalrightsofconsumers. 阅读填句(2021·某某模拟)Thefactorsthatcauseyouthunemploymentoftendifferamongregionsandlaborsystems. 1 Sincefiringfull-timeworkersissoplicatedandexpensive,-18-/18
高考employersareunwillingtotakeonnewstaff,whilepeoplewhoarealreadyemployed,mainlyolderworkers,oftenkeeptheirjobsforlife.Indevelopingcountrieswithhighbirthratesandveryyoungpopulations,likethePhilippines,growthisn’tstrongenoughtoabsorbthewaveofyoungstersenteringtheworkforceeachyear. 2 Youngpeopleenteringtheworkforceareoftenthemostvulnerable(易受伤害的)ineconomicdownturns—newemployeesareoftenthefirsttogetsacked,whilecollegegraduatesfindfewemployerswillingtohire. 3 InSpain,ItalyandJapan,forinstance,panieslookingtogainflexibilityinregulatedlabormarketsoftenoffernew,youngstaffersonlyshort-termcontracts.Thesecontracts,whichsometimeslastforonlyafewdays,usuallyewithlowsalariesandfewbenefits.Sincesuchstaffistemporary,employershavelittleintentiontoinvestintraining. Facingsuchobstacles,youngpeopleeverywherearefindingthattraditionalroutetosuccess—education—isn’tpayingoffasmuchasinthepast. 4 Theywilloftenbeofferedlow-skilledjobsfromwaiterstosupermarketclerks.AMarchreportfromtheUK’sOfficeforNationalStatisticsshowedthattheshareofrecentcollegegraduatesinBritainworkinginlower-skilledjobsrosetonearly35%in2011fromlessthan27%adecadeearlier. 5 TypicalisCairo’sAhmedSaid.Hegraduatedfromcollegewithabusinessdegree,andafterperformingtheobligatory(义务的)yearofmilitaryservice,heappliedforjobsinaccountinganddataentry.ButSaid,24,hadnoluck,andtodayheworksasawaiteratacafenear-18-/18
高考TahrirSquare.“Thiswasmylastchoice,”hesays,“andthisisthejobthatIgot.” A.Younggraduatesoftenfindthemselvespetingwithmore-experiencedworkers.B.Moreandmorecollegegraduatesareforcedtotakejobsbelowtheirskilllevel.C.Theystartedapplyingforanypositionstheycouldfindinothercountries.D.Insomepartsoftheworld,suchjobsareallthatisavailabletocollegegraduates.E.Yetyouthunemploymentalsohasmonrootsthroughouttheworld.F.Thoseyoungworkerswhodofindemploymentareoftentrappedinawfulcontracts.G.InmuchofWesternEuropeoveremphasizedlaborprotectionmakesitmoredifficultforyouthstolandgoodjobs.【文章大意】文章讲述了不同地区和劳动力制度导致年轻人失业的不同因素。1.【解析】选G。根据上一句Thefactorsthatcauseyouthunemploymentoftendifferamongregionsandlaborsystems.导致年轻人失业的因素在不同地区和劳动力制度之间往往有所不同。可知,此处内容与年轻人工作困难有关,选项G“在西欧大部分地区,过度强调劳动保护使得年轻人更难找到好工作。”符合题意。故选G。2.【解析】选E。根据下一句Youngpeopleenteringtheworkforceareoftenthemostvulnerableineconomicdownturns—newemployeesareoftenthefirsttogetsacked,whilecollegegraduatesfindfewemployerswillingtohire.在经济低迷时期,进入职场的年轻人往往是最脆弱的——新员工往往是最先被解雇的,-18-/18
高考而大学毕业生发现很少有雇主愿意雇用他们。可知,此处内容与解释为什么年轻人最容易被解雇或失业有关,选项E“然而,青年失业在世界各地也有共同的根源。”符合题意。故选E。3.【解析】选F。根据下文Thesecontracts,whichsometimeslastforonlyafewdays,usuallyewithlowsalariesandfewbenefits.这些合同有时只持续几天,通常工资很低,福利也很少。可知,此处内容与工作的年轻人遇到糟糕的合同有关,选项F“那些找到工作的年轻工人经常陷入糟糕的合同中。”符合题意。故选F。4.【解析】选B。根据下一句Theywilloftenbeofferedlow-skilledjobsfromwaiterstosupermarketclerks.他们经常会得到从服务员到超市店员等低技能工作。可知,此处内容与大学毕业生被迫做低技能的工作有关,选项B“越来越多的大学毕业生被迫从事低于他们技能水平的工作。”符合题意。故选B。5.【解析】选D。根据下一句TypicalisCairo’sAhmedSaid.典型的是开罗的AhmedSaid。可知,此处内容与大学毕业生从事低技能工作的现象有关,选项D“在世界上的一些地方,大学毕业生只能找到这样的工作。”符合题意。故选D。-18-/18
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