优选Module5 ALessoninaLab(主题语境：人与社会——科学与技术)基础知识·全面回顾JICHUZHISHIQUANMIANHUIGU●Ⅰ单词分类巧记阅读词汇认读1．stagen．__阶段；时期__2．partialadj.__部分的；局部的__3．boilvt.__煮；煮沸__4．floatvi.__漂浮__5．substancen.__物质__核心词汇识记1．__ordinary__adj.普通的；平常的2．__lecture__n．演讲3．__form__vi.形成4．__balance__n．天平；平衡5．__expand__vi.膨胀→(反义词)__contract__vi.收缩6．__mixture__n.混合物→__mix__vt.混合7．__conclusion__n.结论→__conclude__v.下结论8．__aim__n.&v．目标；目的；以……为目标→__aimless__adj.无目标的→__aimlessly__adv.漫无目的地9．__react__vi.(化学)反应→__reaction__n.反应10．__electrical__adj.与电有关的；用电的→__electricity__n.电→__electric__adj.电的11．__equipment__n.设备；装备→__equip__vt.装备；配备-17-/17
优选12．__astonished__adj.吃惊的；惊愕的→__astonishing__adj.令人吃惊的→__astonish__vt.使吃惊→__astonishment__n.吃惊 用所给词的适当形式填空1.Iwaswalking__aimlessly__inthestreetwhenIcameacrossJohn，wholedan__aimless__sortoflifewithoutany__aim__.(aim)2．Thelittleboy__mixed__vinegarwithsugar，andthe__mixture__tastednotsobad.(mix)3．Ourschooloffersgood__equipment__andyouwillbewell__equipped__withknowledgeandskillsforyourfuturejob.(equip)4．Tomy__astonishment__，hedidn’tfeel__astonished__atthe__astonishing__newsthathisbrotherdiedatall.(astonish)5．Iwantedtoknowhowthestudents__reacted__tomywordsaswellasyour__reaction__.(react)●Ⅱ短语互译速记1．往……加入……__add...to...__2．不让……进入；使……避开……__keep(...)outof...__3．开始做某事(表示允许)；(口)请说吧；请用吧__goahead__4．为……感到骄傲/自豪__beproudof__5．应当；理应__besupposedto__6．reactwith__与……发生反应__7．put...inorder__把……按顺序排列__8．keepdown__使(声音等)压低__9．usedto__过去(常常)__10．intheareaof__在……领域__ 选用上述短语填空1．I__usedto__playwithJackonhisfamilyfarmwherethereisamuseumnow.-17-/17
优选2．Hisparents__areproudof__hisachievementswhichhehasmadeinthefieldofchemistry.3．We__aresupposedto__preventthefactoryfrompouringwastewaterintorivers.4．Themotheroftentellshersontobeagoodboy，warninghimto__keepoutof__trouble.5．Believeitornot，althoughheisyoung，heisanexpert__intheareaof__medicalscience.1．“扩展”动词全接触(1)expandv．扩展；扩张(2)enlargev．扩大(3)spreadv．扩展；蔓延(4)prolongv．延长(5)extendv．延伸；延续2．-ture结尾名词全扫描(1)mixturen．混合物(2)furnituren．家具(3)architecturen．建筑(4)departuren．出发；离开(5)signaturen．签名；签字3．“位置”短语集锦(1)atthetop/bottom在顶/底部(2)atthefootof在……脚下(3)in(the)frontof在……前面(部)(4)ontheleft/right在左/右边-17-/17
优选(5)inthemiddle在中间●Ⅲ佳句精析精练1．Twothirdsoftheearth’ssurfaceiswater.地球表面三分之二是水。[精析] 分数作主语时其谓语动词的单复数依分数所表示的名词而定。2．Itishardtothinkofaworldwithoutmetals.很难想象一个没有金属的世界。[精析] it为形式主语，不定式短语为真正的主语。3．Hereisatablewiththemetalsthatreactmostatthetop，andthemetalsthatreactleastatthebottom.下面是一个表格，位于顶部的金属反应最强烈，下面的则最弱。[精析] 这是一个倒装句，正常语序是：Atablewith...ishere.4．Thecloseryouare，themoreyou’llsee.你离得越近，看到的就越多。[精析] 本句为“the＋比较级，the＋比较级”的句型，意为“越……，就越……”。[句式仿写]根据上述句式完成句子1．这个班三分之一的学生是男生。__Onethird__ofthestudentsintheclass__are__boys.2．你有必要给你的中国朋友带一个礼物。__It’snecessaryforyoutobring__agiftforyourChinesefriend.3．这儿有些旅行小贴士，我希望对你有所帮助。__Herearesometraveltips__，which，Ihope，canhelpyou.4．你越小心，你犯的错就会越少。__Themorecarefulyouare__，thefewermistakesyouwillmake.●Ⅳ单元语法过关-17-/17
优选形容词、副词比较级语法填空1．Lindakeptweighingherselftoseehowmuch__heavier__(heavy)shewasgetting.[解析] 考查形容词的比较级。句意为：Linda不断的称自己的体重，想看看她胖了多少。根据句意，含有两者间的比较，much后应接形容词的比较级，不加定冠词the。2．—Howwasyourjobinterview?—Oh，Icouldn’tfeel__worse__(bad).Ihardlyfoundproperanswerstomostofthequestionstheyasked.[解析] 考查比较级用于否定句中表示最高级。根据答语的第二句可推知回答者感觉“再糟糕不过了”。3．IthinkwatchingTVeveryeveningisawasteoftime—thereare__moremeaningful__(meaningful)thingstodo.[解析] 句意：我觉得每天晚上看电视是浪费时间——有更有意义的事可做。根据题干可看出，和看电视相比，有更有意义的事情可做，所以此处应用比较级。4．—Ihavetosaythathisnovelisnotabitinteresting.Howdoyoufindit?—Howcome?It’s__themostinteresting__(interesting)onethatIhaveeverread.[解析] 句意：——我不得不说他的小说一点儿也没有趣。你觉得呢？——怎么会？它是我看过的最有趣的一部小说。根据句意可知，此处应用形容词的最高级。5．—Whowouldyouliketobeyourassistant，JackorDavid?—IfIhadtochoose，Davidwouldbe__thebetter__(good)choice.[解析] 考查形容词的比较级。根据语意，此处是特指两个人当中比较好的那一个，所以用thebetter。考点探究·素养演练-17-/17
优选KAODIANTANJIUSUYANGYANLIAN高频单词1．conclusionn．结论；结束；推论激活知识语法填空①(2020·天津高考)ThisledJonestothe__conclusion__(conclude)thattherearetoomanyextremelylonelypeopleinhiscommunity，whoareeasytargetsofcheating.②(2018·江苏高考)Itcan__beconcluded__(conclude)thatrestaurantkeepersneednot“beoverlyconcernedabout’bad’tables，”giventhatthey’reprofitable.③__In__conclusion，solongasyouinsistondoingso，youwillreapaharvest.导图助记能力提升句式升级①Heis__takingeffectivemeasures__(采取有效的措施)toavoidmakingthesamemistake.②Thatiswhywecan__draw/cometo/arriveat/reachaconclusion__(得出结论)thathewillsucceedthistime.③用主从复合句连接①②句。__Thereasonwhywecandraw/cometo/arriveat/reachaconclusionthathewillsucceedthistimeisthatheistakingeffectivemeasurestoavoidmakingthesamemistake.__-17-/17
优选2．aimn．目标；目的v．瞄准；针对；目的在于；以……为目标激活知识语法填空①(2020·天津高考)InwritingParagraph1，theauthoraims__topresent__(present)anargument.②(2018·浙江高考)Theindustryhasalsotakenaim__at__theproductthathasappearedasitsreplacement:reusableshoppingbags.③(2017·北京高考)ShestartedtheLadybugFoundation，anorganization__aiming__(aim)atgettingridofhomelessness.归纳拓展(1)takeaimat瞄准withtheaimof以……为目标；意在目的在于/旨在做某事(3)aimlessadj.漫无目的的(4)aimlesslyadv.漫无目的地图解助记能力提升一句多译为了通过考试，他努力学习。Hestudiedhard，3．reactvi.作出反应；反应激活知识用适当的介词填空—Howdidthestudentsreact__to__theconclusionthatironhasaslowreaction__with__water?-17-/17
优选——学生对于铁与水发生缓慢反应这个结论是如何反应的？—Somedidn’tbelieveitandevenreacted__against__me.——一些学生不相信这个结论，甚至强烈反对我。导图助记能力提升语法填空①(2020·浙江高考)Inthepast，therewasoftenanautomatic__reaction__(react)toincreasedtraffic:justwidentheroads，saysMarkPoch，theBellevueTransportationDepartment’strafficengineeringmanager.②Readingpositivearticlescanreact__on__one’sthoughts.③Howdidhereact__to__yoursuggestion?4．balancen．天平；平衡v．(使)平衡；权衡激活知识语法填空①Tolivealongandhealthylife，wemustlearntohavea__balanced__(balance)diet.②Howimportantandnecessaryitisforustokeep__the__balanceofnatureandprotecttheenvironment!归纳拓展(1)thebalanceofnature自然平衡keep/lose/breakthebalance保持/失去/打破平衡onbalance总的来说(2)balance...against...把……与……进行权衡-17-/17
优选balance...with...使……与……平衡(3)balancedadj.平衡的keepabalanceddiet保持饮食均衡能力提升根据汉语提示完成片段Weshouldtryourbest①__tobalancetheenvironmentwithnature__(使环境与自然平衡)．Sometimes，overdevelopmentcan②__breakthebalance__(打破平衡)ofecology.Oncenature③__losesitsbalance__(失去平衡)，itwillbringusmanydisasters.常考短语5．add...to...往……加入……激活知识语法填空①(2020·全国卷Ⅱ)AsIgrewolderandbecameamother，thelibrarytookonanewplaceandan__added__(add)meaninginmylife.②(2020·江苏高考)Justbeforeandanhouraftereachworkout，thescientiststook__additional__(add)samplesofthemen’sbloodandfattissue.③(2019·江苏高考)Thedirectoragreedtoaddit__to__theplayinglist.ButNaomiwouldhavetoaskSteve’spermission.④Thesoldierswereextremelytiredandtheheavyrainadded__to__theirdifficulty.⑤Ifyouaddthosefourfigures__up__，itcomestoover￡500.导图助记-17-/17
优选图解助记能力提升一句多译三加四等于七。①__Threeaddedtofourmakes/equalsseven.__(addto)②__Threeandfouradd(s)uptoseven.__(addupto)③__Ifyouaddthreetofour，youwillgetseven.__(add...to...)6．besupposedtodosth.应当/理应做某事激活知识句型转换①Manypeoplesupposedthathewasagoodwriter.＝Manypeople__supposedhimtobe__agoodwriter.许多人认为他是一个好作家。完成句子②__Supposing/Suppose__heisn’tout，whatcanIdothen?假定他没出去，届时我该怎么办呢？归纳拓展-17-/17
优选(1)besupposedtodosth.＝shoulddosth.(现在)应该/理应做某事besupposedtobedoingsth.＝shouldbedoingsth.(现在)应该/理应正在做某事besupposedtohavedonesth.＝shouldhavedonesth.本应该做了某事(事实上没做)(2)supposesb.tobe...认为某人是……supposing/suppose(that)．..假定……能力提升语法填空①(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)IarrivedearlyatByronBaywhereweweresupposed__tomeet__(meet)．②Themessageisveryimportant，soitissupposed__tobesent__(send)assoonaspossible.③__Suppose/Supposing__(suppose)hedoesn’tcome，shallwegowithouthim?7．usedtodosth.(过去)常常做某事激活知识观察句子，写出下面黑体部分的含义①(2020·江苏高考)Weusedtothinkthatinsectswerethesmallestorganisms，andthatnothingliveddeeperthansixhundredmeters.__过去常常__②(2020·全国卷Ⅱ)Whiletheyoungergenerationsprefertocommunicatevisually，forthoseusedtoworkingwithtraditionaltoolslikeemail，itmayfeellikealearningcurve.__习惯于__③(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)Datacollectedfromthedevicecouldbeusedtorecognizedifferentparticipantsbasedonhowtheytyped，withverylowerrorrates.__被用来__注意：usedto的否定式和疑问式有两种形式，即usedn’tto或didn’tuseto。易混辨析-17-/17
优选usedtodosth.(过去)常常做某事HeusedtoworkinMicrosoftCorporation.他以前在微软公司工作。beusedto(doing)sth.习惯于；to是介词，后接动名词、名词作宾语Heisusedtolivinginthecountry.他习惯住在乡下。beusedtodosth.被用来做某事；to是不定式符号，后接动词原形Woodcanbeusedtomakepaper.木材可用来造纸。能力提升单句改错①Mygrandmausedtoholdingmeonherkneesandsingoldsongs.__holding改为hold__完成句子②I__usedtogetup__lateinthemorning，butnowI__amusedtogettingup__early.我过去早晨起床很晚，但是现在我已习惯于早起了。必备句型8．Itishardtothinkofaworldwithoutmetals.很难想象一个没有金属的世界。激活知识语法填空①Sometimesitmaybehelpful__touse__(use)examplestoexplainabstractconcepts.②Thoughitisnice__of__youtoputhimup，itisimpossible__for__himtosleeponsuchasmallbed.归纳拓展(1)本句属于“Itis＋形容词/名词＋不定式”句式。其中it是形式主语，不定式短语是真正的主语。-17-/17
优选(2)该句型中的不定式前可加逻辑主语for/ofsb.①Itis＋adj.＋forsb.todosth.句式中，作表语的形容词说明不定式行为的性质和特点，常见的有easy，important，difficult，possible，necessary等。②Itis＋adj.＋ofsb.todosth.句式中，作表语的形容词说明不定式逻辑主语的品行、性格等，常见的有kind，nice，good，stupid，silly，careful，careless等。(3)此外，还有itis＋名词＋that句型，其中名词一般是pity，shame等。能力提升句型转换①Youarecarelesstomakesomanymistakesinthisexam.→__It’scarelessofyoutomake__somanymistakesinthisexam.②Totakemeasurestoavoidthebullettrainaccidentisnecessaryforthegovernment.→__It’snecessaryforthegovernmenttotake__measurestoavoidthebullettrainaccident.9．Thecloseryouare，themoreyou’llsee.你离得越近，看到的就越多。激活知识语法填空①(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)It’strue，the__older__(old)Iget，themoreIfeeltimehaswings.②(2018·浙江高考)The__stronger__(strong)areusablebagis，thelongeritslifeandthemoreplastic-baguseitcancelsout.③Thesoonerhecomes，the__happier__(happy)Ishallbe.归纳拓展thecloser...themore...为“the＋比较级．..，the＋比较级．..”结构。其具体用法如下：(1)意为“越……，就越……”，主、从句的两个谓语是同时进行的，表示一方随另一方程度的变化而变化。(2)从结构上看，第一个“the＋比较级”-17-/17
优选是表示条件的状语从句(在表示将来意义时，从句用一般现在时表示将来)；第二个“the＋比较级”是主句。(3)本结构可以用省略形式。能力提升用“the＋比较级，the＋比较级”结构升级句子Ifyoustudyharder，youwillmakegreaterprogressinyourstudy.→__Theharder__youstudy，__thegreaterprogress__youwillmakeinyourstudy.课堂达标·巩固提升KETANGDABIAOGONGGUTISHENGⅠ.单句语法填空1．Nancy’sfirstreactiontothenewswasastrange__mixture__(mix)ofjoyandanger.2．Iwantedtoknowhowthestudentsreacted__to__thesurveyaswellasyourreaction.3．__Equipped__(equip)withnewscientificfarmingmethods，theyhavebeenabletouselessfarmlandtoproducemore.4．Whenthegroupdiscussionisnearingitsend，makesureyouconcludeit__with__importantpoints.5．Themeetingwassupposed__totake__(take)placeonTuesday，butwehadtopostponeit.6．Hedonatedalotofmoney，__aiming__(aim)tohelpthepeoplewhosurvivedtheflood.7．Thenaturalsceneryadds__to__thebeautyofmyhometown.8．Ioncelivedinahousewhichwasused__tokeep__(keep)booksandmagazines.-17-/17
优选9．ThemoreyoupracticespeakingEnglish，the__greater__(great)progressyou’llmakeinit.10．AlthoughtheorganizationisheadquarteredintheUnitedStates，two-thirdsofitsconstruction__takes__(take)placeinothercountries.Ⅱ.单句改错1．Aimedatahighertarget，we’llbemoresuccessful.__Aimed→Aiming__2．Ourschoolhasbeengivensomenewequipments.__equipments→equipment__3．Wecametotheconclusionwhichhewasagainstourplan.__which→that__4．HeusedtoplaygamesontheInternet，butnowheisusedtoreadbeforesleeping.__read→reading__5．Youwereworkingtoohard.You’dbetterkeepbalancebetweenworkandrelaxation.__balance前面加a__6．Theearthisforty-ninetimesaslargerasthemoon.__larger→large__7．Therainyweatheraddedourtroubleonthejourney.__added后面加to__8．Thatishardtoimaginethathecanlearnthreehundredwordsinaday.__That→It__9．—Areyoufondofplayingtabletennis?—Iusedto，butI’mnowmoreinterestedinplayingbasketball.__usedto后面加be__-17-/17
优选10．Aftertheexperiment，everythingisputintheorderinthecupboard.__去掉order前的the__Ⅲ.教材衔接高考根据课文内容，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。Differentmetalshavedifferentuses.Whenweusemetals，__1.it__isimportanttoknowhowtheyreactwithdifferentsubstances.The__2.reaction__(react)ofmetalswiththesesubstancescanbeputinorder.Fromthetable，wecanfindthatSodiumreactsbothwithoxygenandwater__3.while__Copperdoesn’treactwithwater.When__4.heated__(heat)inoxygen，Calciumburnsforminganoxide.Inthesecondpartoftheexperiment，ouraimistofindout__5.if/whether__ironrustsindryair，inair-freewaterandinordinarywater.Havingmadefullpreparations，weneed__6.different__(differ)piecesofequipment.Inordertofinishthesecondstageoftheexperiment，wehavetoboilthewater__7.tomake__(make)surethereisnoairinit.Weaddsomeoil__8.to__thewaterandthiscankeepairoutofit.Duringeachstagewewillgetdifferent__9.results__(result)andmaketheconclusions__10.that__irondoesn’trustindryairandinair-freewaterbutitrustsinordinarywater.Ⅳ.话题延伸写作写作素材(关于改变)1．Teddy过去常常玩电脑游戏，他的成绩越来越差。2．他发现平衡学习和娱乐是十分困难的。3．老师告诉他，应该把学习放在第一位。在老师的帮助下，他远离了游戏，开始努力学习了。4．他逐渐发现，学习的时间越长，他对学习的兴趣越大。5．因为这样，他的父母为他感到自豪。-17-/17
优选提示：黑体部分用本单元词汇或句式表达，并且请使用that引导的宾语从句，it作形式宾语。连句成篇(将以上句子连成一篇70词左右的英语短文)___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________参考范文__Teddyusedtoplaycomputergames.Hisgradesweregettingworseandworse.Hefoundithardforhimtobalancestudyandamusement.Histeachertoldhimthathewassupposedtoputstudyinthefirstplace.Withtheteacherhelpinghim，hekepthimselfoutofgamesandbegantostudyhard.Later，hegraduallyfeltthatthemorehestudied，themoreinterestedhewasinit.Hisparentsareproudofhimbecauseofthat.__-17-/17
微信/支付宝扫码支付