优选Module4 SandstormsinAsia(主题语境：人与自然——环境保护)基础知识·全面回顾JICHUZHISHIQUANMIANHUIGU●Ⅰ单词分类巧记阅读词汇认读1．massadj.__大量的；大规模的__2．forecastvt.__预报；预告__3．atmospheren.__大气；大气层__4．environmentn.__环境__5．desertificationn.__(土地的)沙漠化__6．campaignn.__战役；活动__7．processn.__进程；过程__核心词汇识记1．__recycle__v．重新利用；再循环2．__absolutely__adv.绝对地；完全地3．__frightening__adj.吓人的；可怕的→__frighten__vt.吓唬；使害怕→__fright__→n.恐惧；害怕4．__strength__n.力量；力气→__strengthen__v.加强→__strong__adj.强壮的；坚强的→__strongly__adv.坚强地5．__concerned__adj.关心的；担心的；有关的→__concern__n.&v．关心；担心→__concerning__prep.关于6．__evidence__n.根据；证明→__evident__adj.显然的；明显的7．__major__adj.主要的；多数的→__majority__n.大多数-17-/17
优选8．__urgent__adj.紧急的→__urge__vt.催促；极力主张→__urgency__n.紧急；紧急情况9．__pollution__n.污染→__pollute__vt.污染10．__complain__vi.抱怨；发牢骚→__complaint__n.抱怨11．__protection__n.保护→__protect__v.保护 用所给词的适当形式填空1．Davidhasa__strong__body.Hehasthe__strength__todothishardwork.Wehadbetter__strengthen__therelationshipwithhim.(strength)2.Oneofthe__major__problemsisthata__majority__ofthegraduateswho__major__inEnglishfinditdifficulttofindagoodjob.(major)3.Lackingproper__protection__againstcold，wetrytomakeafireto__protect__usfromthecoldnight.(protect)4.Theteacher__urged__thatthestudents(should)betaughthowtotake__urgent__actionin__urgency__.(urgent)5.The__frightening__scene__frightened__theboy.Hefelt__frightened__buthetriedtohidehis__fright__.(fright)6.Ourparentsaremore__concerned__aboutourhealthandfuture.AsfarasI’m__concerned，__weshouldtalkwithourparentsandtellthemour__concerns__.(concern)7.Itwas__evident__thatallthe__evidence__wecollectedprovedhimtobeguilty.(evident)●Ⅱ短语互译速记1．砍倒；削减；减少__cutdown__2．突然遭遇(风暴等)__becaughtin__3．一个接一个地__oneafteranother__4．对……有坏影响__haveabadeffecton__5．醒来面对；意识到__wakeupto__-17-/17
优选6．takein__吸收；理解；欺骗__7．giveout__放出；发出；分发；用尽；精疲力竭__8．can’thelpbut__不得不__9．inanutshell__简言之；概括地讲__10．lookthrough__浏览；翻阅；查阅__ 选用上述短语填空1．Iwillextremelyappreciateitifmyadvicegetsapproved.__Inanutshell__，whatIwanttotellyouisthattheChineseareveryeasytogetonwith.2．Toourdisappointment，wewerelatefortheWorldCupfinalaswe__werecaughtin__atrafficjam.3．Therainforestisbeing__cutdown__athighspeedsanditmaydisappearfromtheearthoneday.4．Ispentthewholenight__takingin__whatyouhadtoldmebefore.5．Thereisthebellfortheendofthelessonandthestudentscomeoutoftheclassroom__oneafteranother__.6．Eventhoughthecomputergames__hadabadeffecton__him，hestillwenthisownway.1．“前缀fore-”常见词一览(1)forecastv．&n.预测；预报(2)foreseev．预见；预知(3)foreheadn．前额(4)foregroundn．(图片或照片的)前景(5)foretellv．预言；预示2．“后缀-th”高频名词集锦(1)strength力量；力气-17-/17
优选(2)length长度(3)warmth温暖(4)depth深度(5)faith信念；信仰3．各种“垃圾”(1)garbagen．垃圾(2)rubbishn．垃圾；废弃物(3)wasten．废料；废弃物(4)trashn．废物；垃圾(5)littern．垃圾；废弃物4．“对……有影响”短语集合(1)haveaneffecton(2)haveaninfluenceon(3)haveanimpacton5．“简言之”大团圆(1)inanutshell(2)inaword(3)allinall(4)inshort/brief(5)tobebrief6．“被困住”家庭(1)be/getcaughtin(2)be/getstuckin(3)be/gettrappedin●Ⅲ佳句精析精练1．Theyareoftensothickthatyoucannotseethesun，andthewindissometimes-17-/17
优选strongenoughtomovesanddunes.沙尘常常很厚以至于你连太阳都看不见，风力有时强到可以移动沙丘。[精析] so...that...引导结果状语从句。2．Thestormssometimescontinuealldayandtrafficmovesveryslowlybecausethethickdustmakesitdifficulttosee.沙尘暴有时候持续一整天，密集的沙尘使得能见度很低，因此来往车辆行驶得很慢。[精析] “makeit＋adj./n.＋todo...”中it是形式宾语，形容词或名词作宾补，不定式是真正的宾语。3．Thegarbageisthentakenawayand，ifpossible，recycled.然后垃圾被运走，如果可能的话，予以回收利用。[精析] ifpossible是ifitispossible的省略形式。[句式仿写]根据上述句式完成句子1．男孩如此害怕，以至于不知如何是好。Theboywas__sofrightenedthat__hedidn’tknowwhattodo.2．互联网使得人们可以更容易地获取他们所需要的信息。TheInternet__makesiteasierforpeopletoget__theinformationtheywant.3．如果可能的话，他会调入一个更好一些的大学。Hewill，__ifpossible__，transfertoabetteruniversity.●Ⅳ单元语法过关动词不定式语法填空1．Volunteeringgivesyouachance__tochange__(change)lives，includingyourown.[解析] 句意：做志愿者工作给你一个改变生活的机会，包括你自己的生活。名词chance后面通常用动词不定式作后置定语。-17-/17
优选2．__Tostay__(stay)warmatnight，Iwouldfillthewoodstove，thensetmyalarmclockformidnightsoIcouldrefillit.[解析] 句意：为了在晚上保持暖和，我填满了柴炉。然后把闹钟定时到半夜，这样我可以再填满炉子。不动式作目的状语。3．Istoppedthecar__totake__(take)ashortbreakasIwasfeelingtired.[解析] 句意：我感到累了，因此将车停了下来稍做休息。此处用不定式表示目的。4．Heisthought__tohaveacted__(act)foolishly.Nowhehasnoonebuthimselftoblameforlosingthejob.[解析] 句意：他被认为表现很糟糕，现在他只能责怪自己丢了那份工作。本句考查的是固定句式：sbbethoughtto...“某人被认为……”。如果表示的是一个已经完成的动作，就使用不定式的完成式，如果是正在进行的动作，就使用不定式的进行式。根据句意可知他表现很糟糕是在丢掉工作之前，所以使用不定式的完成式。5．Manyfarmersinthecountrysidehavegonetocitiestolookforworkandlefttheirchildrenbehind__toberaised__(raise)bytheirgrandparents.[解析] 考查非谓语动词。句意：许多农民到城里打工而将孩子留给他们的爷爷奶奶抚养。根据句意可知，本句话强调“抚养”的动作尚未完成，且孩子与抚养之间是被动关系，所以用不定式的被动语态。考点探究·素养演练KAODIANTANJIUSUYANGYANLIAN高频单词1．strengthn．力量；力气；长处；优势激活知识语法填空①(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)Turntoapageinyourjournaltoyourlistof__strengths__(strength)andachievements.-17-/17
优选②(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)Toavoidkneepain，youcanrunonsoftsurfaces，doexercisesto__strengthen__(strength)yourlegmuscles，avoidhillsandgetgoodrunningshoes.③Afterthreehours’walkinthesun，Ididn’thavethestrength__towalk__(walk)anyfurther.归纳拓展(1)withallone’sstrength用尽全身的力气havestrengthtodosth.有力气/意志做某事buildupone’sstrength强身健体strengthsandweaknesses长处和短处；优缺点(2)strengthenvt.加强；增强；改善(3)strongadj.强壮的；强烈的；浓的能力提升完成句子①AftertheillnessIdidn’t__have__enough__strengthtowalk__.生病后我连走路都没有足够的力气。②(2017·北京高考)Oneideaisthatsleep__helpsusstrengthen__newmemories.一个看法是睡眠帮助我们巩固新的记忆。2．concernedadj.关心的；担心的；有关的激活知识语法填空①(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)Mymomisreally__concerned__(concern)withthehealthofeveryoneinourfamilies.②(2019·浙江高考)Hefeltconcerned__about__hisillness.③Thelecturetobeheldtonightisconcerned__with__safetyoncampus.④Asagrassrootssinger，shereadseverything__concerning__(concern)music，andtakeseveryopportunitytoimproveherself.导图助记-17-/17
优选提示：concerned作形容词时，意为“关心的；挂念的；担心的”，充当前置定语；表示“相关的；有关的”，作定语时要后置。例如：aconcernedlook关切的神色；theauthoritiesconcerned有关部门。能力提升句式升级①就我个人而言，你不能忽视这个事实。__AsfarasI’mconcerned__，youcan’tignorethefact.②她非常担心你的安全。She__isdeeplyconcernedabout__yoursafety.③用同位语从句连接①②句。__AsfarasI’mconcerned，youcan’tignorethefactthatsheisdeeplyconcernedaboutyoursafety.__3．urgentadj.紧急的；迫切的激活知识语法填空①Sincethematterwasextremely__urgent__(urge)，wedealtwithitimmediately.②Inpreparationforlectures，Iurgeyou__todo__(do)somereading.③Theyurgedthatthelibrary__bekept__(keep)openduringthevacation.归纳拓展-17-/17
优选(1)inurgentneedof急需(2)urgevt.催促；极力主张urgesb.todosth./intodoingsth.力劝/敦促某人做某事urge(sb.)on力劝；强烈要求urge＋that-clause强烈要求；极力主张[从句谓语动词用(should＋)动词原形](3)urgencyn．紧急；紧急情况urgentlyadv.紧急地能力提升完成句子①Theyurgedus__togo/intogoing__withthem.他们极力劝我们同他们一起去。②Thepeopleintheearthquake-strickenareaare__inurgentneedof__food，medicineandshelters.地震灾区的人们急需食品、药品和住的地方。4．complainvi.抱怨；发牢骚；控诉；投诉；诉说激活知识语法填空①(2020·江苏高考)Somepeople—andIwasoneofthem—believethathumorous__complaints__(complain)aboutthelittleproblemsoflifemakehumor.②(2018·天津高考)Thestudentsbegancomplaining__about/of__howcolditwouldbe.③Neighborscomplained__to__thepoliceaboutthedogsbarking.④Itisnouse__complaining__(complain)aboutwhoshouldbetoblameforthismatternow.归纳拓展(1)complain(tosb.)of/aboutsth.(向某人)投诉/抱怨某事complain(tosb.)that...(向某人)抱怨……(2)complaintn．抱怨；投诉；控告-17-/17
优选makeacomplaint(tosb.)about/ofsth.(向某人)抱怨/投诉某事能力提升一句多译人们向我抱怨得不到足够的信息。①People__complaintomethat__theydon’tgetenoughinformation.②People__complaintomeaboutnotgetting__enoughinformation.③People__makeacomplainttomethat__theydon’tgetenoughinformation.常考短语5．giveout放出；分发；用完；精疲力竭；(指发动机等)停止运转；宣布或广播某事激活知识观察句子，写出下面黑体部分的含义①(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)ScientistshavefoundthatallkindsofplantsgiveoutVOCswhenbeingattacked.(__放出__)②Afteramonththeirfoodsuppliesgaveout.(__用完__)③Oneoftheplane’senginesgaveoutinmid-Atlantic.(__停止运转__)④Theteachergaveouttheexaminationpapers.(__分发__)⑤ThenewsofthePresident’sdeathwasgivenoutinaradiobroadcast.(__宣布__)图解助记提示：(1)giveout表示“分发；发出；放出；公布”的意义时，为及物动词短语，主语为人。-17-/17
优选(2)giveout表示“耗尽；精疲力竭”时，与runout相同都是不及物动词短语，主语通常是物，而不是人，不能用于被动语态；而useup和runoutof为及物动词短语，主语是人而不是物，useup可以用于被动语态。归纳拓展giveaway免费送出某物；赠送；泄露某事物或出卖givein(tosb./sth.)(向某人/某事物)屈服givesth.off发出(气味或热)giveup放弃能力提升介副词填空①Nevergive__up__doinganythingyouwanttodo.②Heplanstostaythereuntilhismoneygives__out__.③Chinesepeoplewillnevergive__in__toenemies.6．takein欺骗；收留；理解；包括；改小；吸收激活知识观察句子，写出下面黑体部分的含义①Hewashomeless，sowetookhimin.(__收养；收留__)②Don’tbetakeninbyhischarmingmanner;he’scompletelycruel.(__欺骗__)③OnweekendstheSmithsusuallydrivetocountrysideandtakeinthefreshairthere.(__吸收；摄入__)④Thisdressneedstobetakeninatthewaist.(__改小__)⑤Herlecturetookinalltherecentdevelopmentsinthesubject.(__包括；包含__)⑥Ihopeyou’retakinginwhatI’msaying.-17-/17
优选(__领会；理解__)归纳拓展takeoff脱下；起飞；请假；(事业)成功takeon呈现；雇用；承担takeover接收；接管takeup占据；开始从事takedown记下；写下；拆下takeapart拆开；分开能力提升介副词填空①Henry’staken__over__therunningofthefamilyfirmfromhisoldfather.②Shetakes__on__extraworkonSundays.③Ifamanoncetakes__up__gambling，it’sdifficultforhimtobreakthehabit.必备句型7．Thestormssometimescontinuealldayandtrafficmovesveryslowlybecausethethickdustmakesitdifficulttosee.沙尘暴有时候持续一整天，密集的沙尘使得能见度很低，因此来往车辆行驶得很慢。激活知识句式仿写Hislaziness__makesitimpossibleforhim__tosucceed.他的懒惰使他不可能取得成功。归纳拓展(1)“make＋宾语＋宾语补足语”是一个常用句式，其中作宾语补足语的可以是动词原形、形容词、名词或过去分词。(2)如果make后的宾语是动词不定式或从句，宾语补足语是形容词或名词，这时往往把形式宾语it放在宾语的位置上，把真正的宾语放在后面。find，feel，think，take等动词也有这样的用法。-17-/17
优选能力提升语法填空①(2019·江苏高考)Thebigbrainsmake__it__harderforthebodytomovearoundandconsumemoreenergy.②Ifeelitanhonour__tobeinvited__(invite)tospeakhere.8．Thegarbageisthentakenawayand，ifpossible，recycled.然后垃圾被运走，如果可能的话，予以回收利用。激活知识句式仿写①__Ifnecessary__，we’lldeliverthefurnituretoyourhousethisafternoon.如果有必要的话，我们会在今天下午把家具送到你家。②__Thoughveryangry__，thefatherpretendedtobehappywiththeresult.尽管非常生气，父亲还是假装对结果非常满意。归纳拓展(1)在if，when，once，until，unless，while，asif等引导的状语从句中，如果主从句的主语一致，谓语动词中含有be动词，有时为了使句子简洁，可将主语和系动词省略。在被动语态中有时也采用这种省略现象。(2)if引导省略的情况有下列几种：ifany如果有的话ifnecessary如果必要的话ifso如果是这样的话ifever如果曾经有的话ifnot如果不这样的话ifpossible如果可能的话能力提升句型转换Unlessitisnecessary，you’dbetternotrefertothedictionary.→__Unlessnecessary__，you’dbetternotrefertothedictionary.-17-/17
优选课堂达标·巩固提升KETANGDABIAOGONGGUTISHENGⅠ.单句语法填空1．Happinessandsuccessoftencometothosewhoaregoodatrecognizingtheirown__strengths__(strength)．2．__Concerned__(concern)aboutthestudent，theteachercalledhisparentstofindoutwhyhewassooftenabsentfromclass.3．Pleaselook__through__yourpaperbeforeyouhanditintoavoidpossiblemistakes.4．Somefalseadvertisementsaretakingthecountrysidewomenastheirtargets，becausetheyareeasytotake__in__.5．Thereisconvincingevidence__that__listeningtoloudmusiccandogreatharmtoourhearing.6．Itwas__absolutely__(absolute)outofcontrol，thousandsofe-mails，peoplearoundtheworldsharingtheirstoriesoftravel.7．Theshadytreesprovide__protection__(protect)againsttheburningraysofthesun.8．Thefilmwasvery__frightening__(frighten)．IwasscaredtodeathwhenIwasseeingit.9．Therewere__so__manypeopletherethatwecouldn’tgetthrough.10．Shemakes__it__clearthatshedoesn’tlikeswimming.Ⅱ.单句改错1．It’sfrightenedtothinkhoweasilychildrencanbehurt.__frightened→frightening__2．Caughtbytherainonmywayhome，Ihadabadcold.-17-/17
优选__by→in__3．Tom’sillnessmadeimpossibleforustofinishtheworkontime.__made后面加it__4．Herparentsurgedthatshemustbestrictwithherself.__must→should__5．Icouldn’thelpbuttostandstillforhoursasthebosstoldmeto.__去掉第一个to__6．Themajorityofpeopleinthetownstronglysupportstheplantobuildaplaygroundforchildren.__supports→support__7．Hehadsolittleeducationthathecan’tteachsolittlechildren.__第二个so→such__8．Allofuswerepreventedstartingoffbytheheavysmog.__starting前面加from__9．Theywerealmostcompletelycutdownfromtheoutsideworld.__down→off__10．Theywillgiveushelp，ifispossible.__去掉is或在is前加it__Ⅲ.教材衔接高考根据课文内容，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。Sandstorms__1.havebeen__(be)amajordisasterformanyAsiancountriesforcenturies.Scientistshavetriedmanyways__2.tosolve__(solve)thisproblemandinChina，amasscampaign__3.hasbeenstarted__(start)tohelpsolveit.Sandstormsarestrong，drywindsthatcarrysand.Theyareoften__4.so__thickthatyoucan’tseethesun，andthewindissometimesstrongenough__5.tomove__(move)sanddunes.-17-/17
优选NorthwestChinaispartofthesandstormcentreinCentralAsia.Sandstormsbeginindesertareas.SandstormssometimesaffectBeijing.Citizenswakeuptoanorangeskyandstrongwinds__6.that/which__coverthecityinathick，brown-yellowdust.TheChineseCentralWeatherStationcanforecastasandstormsomeweeks__7.before__itarrivesinBeijing，butthe__8.strength__(strong)ofthestormsometimessurprisespeople.Thedesertisonly250kilometresawaytothewestofBeijing.Inordertopreventit__9.coming__(come)nearer，thegovernmenthasplantedmorethan30billiontreesandplans__10.tocontinue__(continue)plantingforthenextfiveyears.Ⅳ.话题延伸写作写作素材(关于环保)1．现如今，越来越多的人已经意识到大气污染对他们的健康有着不良影响，并因此而抱怨。2．保护环境已成为社会的一个主要关注点。3．污染对环境保护来说是一个巨大的挑战。4．加强人们的环境保护意识是当务之急。5．依我看，改变这种情况会是一个缓慢的过程，但我们有信心能够成功。提示：黑体部分用本单元词汇表达，并且请使用It’s＋adj.＋todo，动名词短语作主语等。连句成篇(将以上句子连成一篇70词左右的英语短文)____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________参考范文__Nowadaysmoreandmorepeoplehaverealizedthatairpollutionhasabad-17-/17
优选effectontheirhealthandcomplainedaboutit.Soprotectingtheenvironmenthasbecomeamajorconcernofthesociety.Pollutionisabigchallengeofenvironmentalprotection.Itisurgenttostrengthenpeople’sawarenessofenvironmentalprotection.AsfarasI’mconcerned，gettingitchangedisaslowprocess，butweareconfidentthatwecanmakeit.__-17-/17
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