2022年高考英语一轮复习讲练测(新教材新高考)第八讲—动名词【复习概览】动名词在语境中理解和运用新的语法知识核心素养语言能力语法知识1.单句填空2.语篇填空3.单句翻译4.书面表达生活实践和学习探索情境高考评价关键能力必备知识()【命题分析】一、命题要求非谓语动词考点,是英语高考必考点之一。在高考中主要考查点有:非谓语动词作定语、非谓语动词作状语、动名词作主语、非谓语动词的独立主格结构、非谓语动词短语与状语从句之间的转换等。二、命题形式本考点在高考中的命题形式主要有:1.语法填空;2.短文改错;3.书面表达(尤其是读后续写中)。非谓语动词在语法填空中是必考点。2022年非谓语动词还将是高考中的重点和难点所在。在这个考点上一定多下工夫,不管花费多大的精力,让学生掌握这个考点都不为过,因为,打开2022年的高考试卷,必然会有非谓语动词。【基础巩固】知识点:动名词必备基础知识:动名词的形式1.一般式(1)主动式doing(2)被动式beingdone2.完成式(1)主动式havingdone(2)被动式havingbeendone动名词由动词变化而来,因此有与动词的相同的性质:能带自己的宾语、状语等,如果带上宾语、状语等,就为动名词短语。动名词相当于一个名词,在句中可用作主语、表语、宾语、定语等,但不能用作谓语。动名词有所有格形式。重难点知识:考点1动名词作主语
【典例】1.[2021·浙江1月]Herememberedlandmarks,butsincehedidn'tknowhistown'sname,________(find)asmallneighborhoodinavastcountryprovedtobeimpossible.2.【江苏省苏锡常镇四市2021届高三教学情况调查(一)】Habits,too,havehugegravitypullmorethanmostpeoplerealizeoradmit.________(break)deeplyhabitualtendenciesinvolvesmorethanalittlewillpowerandafewminorchangesinourlives.Butoncewebreakoutofthegravitypull,ourfreedomtakesonawholenewdimension.【方法指导】1.表示比较抽象的一般行为或者经常性习惯性的动作时,多用doing作主语。2.动名词及短语作主语,谓语动词通常用单数形式。【变式】【变式】11.[2020·海南卷]______(talk)freelywithyourdoctorcanmakeyoufeelbetterandgivesyourdoctortheinformationsheorheneedstogiveyouthebestcare.【变式】2[2019·上海卷]Sheexplainsthattwoofthemostcommonargumentsshehearsfromdetractorsregardingthedeclineofhandwritingisthatnot (protect)itwillresultina“lossofhistoryandalossofpersonaltouch".考点2动名词作宾语【典例】1.[2019·上海卷]Intherecentyears,seaerosionhasledtomanyturtles'nest________(damage)ordestroyed.2.[2021·安徽省皖南八校高三第一次联考]FollowingtheJapanesesurrenderin1945,ChiangKai-shek’sNationalistGovernmentreoccupiedtheHeadquarters-PresidentialPalacefor_____(govern)theRepublicofChina.【方法指导】1.下列短语doing是介词宾语:havedifficulty/trouble(in)doing…:做某事有困难Thereis…difficulty(in)doing…:做某事有困难Thereis…trouble(in)doing…:做某事有困难Thereisnouse(in)doing…:做某事没有用haveajob(in)doing…:做某事有困难/很费力haveagood/hardtime(in)doing…:做某事很开心/很辛苦
havefun(in)doing…:做某事有意思/有趣Thereisnofun(in)doing…:做某事没有意思/没有趣haveaproblem(in)doing…:做某事有困难haveluck(in)doing…:做某事时有运气/走运havebother(in)doing…:做某事费劲spend…(in)doing…:花费时间做什么2.以下动词(短语)常接doing短语作宾语:admit承认deny否认forgive原谅prevent阻止advise建议discuss讨论imagine想象prohibit禁止allow允许dislike不喜欢keep保持practise练习appreciate感激enjoy喜爱mention提及quit停止/放弃avoid避免escape逃脱mind介意reject拒绝consider考虑excuse原谅miss错过report报告confess承认fancy设想oppose反对risk冒险complete完成finish完成pardon原谅suggest建议delay推迟forbid禁止permit允许understand理解carryon:继续can’thelpdoing...:禁不住;情不自禁做feellike:想要giveup:放弃insiston:坚持keepon:继续putoff:推迟setabout:开始,着手succeedindoing...:成功地做什么prevent/stop...(from)doing...:防止/阻止...做什么keep...fromdoing...:防止/阻止...做什么prevent/stop/keep...frombeingdone:防止...被什么【变式】【变式】11.[2021·浙江1月]Today:inAustralia:mostchildrenonaveragefall2000stepsshortofthephysicalactivitytheyneedtoavoid______(be)overweight.
【变式】22.[2021·吉林省吉林市高三第一次调研考试]Shestartedtoworkinthecityat14andwouldnothavereturnedtoherchildhoodhomebutforhergrandmother_______(fall)illin2012.【变式】33.[2019·上海卷]Inthissense,Trubeklikenshandwritingto (drive).考点3动名词作表语【典例】Beingaccompaniedbyflowersandapplausedoesnotnecessarilymeanoneis__________(live)ahappylife.【方法指导】动名词作表语:句子的主语常是hobby,task,job,work,hope,wish,aim,goal,duty等。【变式】WhatIhatemostis_____________(laugh)at.