《2022年高考英语一轮复习讲练测》解密02 名词和主谓一致(学生版)
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《2022年高考英语一轮复习讲练测》解密02 名词和主谓一致(学生版)

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时间:2022-03-11

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解密02名词和主谓一致【命题解读】名词和主谓一致是历年高考的重要考点,常常出现在完形填空、语法填空和短文改错题型中。名词部分主要考查:①名词的词义辨析和习惯搭配②名词的数(可数与不可数、单数与复数)③名词的所有格④抽象名词的具体化⑤名词和冠词的搭配高考关于主谓一致的考查主要集中在一下三个方面:①语法一致②意义一致③就近原则【命题预测】语法填空对名词的考查仍然会成为高考的重点,主要集中在给出词根进行此类转化,根据习惯用法或固定短语确定名词,名词的复数形式,所有格形式的变化。主谓一致一般会与名词、动词的时态和语态放在一起考查。【名师指导】1.整体把握,注意语境从近年高考试题看,高考语法填空对名词的考查离不开具体的语境,在语境中考查名词的相关知识。做题时,既要全面、整体地看题干,还要注意分析句子成分,并根据提示词来确定名词的相关考点。通常,涉及名词考点的试题包括:(1)根据语境判断名词的单复数; (2)提示词是形容词、动词等此类,根据句子成分和词缀知识加上相应的后缀变成名词;(3)名词的固定搭配;(4)名词的所有格及名词的其他相关知识2.确定考点,注意搭配语法填空对名词的考查涉及名词各方面的知识,解题时要注意首先根据提示信息确定考点,试题是考查名词的词类转换,还是考查复数名词、名词的所有格,还是考查主谓一致、名词的固定搭配等,确定了考点之后,再结合其他相关知识来做出正确解答。3.多记单词,积累词缀高考对名词的考查注重基础,我们在平时的复习中要打好基础,掌握足够的考纲词汇,并熟知其常见搭配和用法,并注意熟练掌握常用的名词词缀知识。4.巧用就近原则当主语是由or,nor,either…or,neither…nor,notonly…butalso连接的并列成分时以及在therebe句型中,谓语动词的单复数遵循就近原则。考向1名词的数一、名词的种类专有名词普通名词国名地名人名,团体机构名称可数名词不可数名词个体名词集体名词抽象名词物质名词二、名词的数1.可数名词的复数(1)规则变化情况方法例词一般情况加-sstudents,teachers,doctors,tables以s,x,ch,sh结尾加-esglasses,dishes,boxes,watches但stomach复数形式直接加s,即stomachs 以辅音字母+y结尾变y为i再加-esfamilies,babies,armies,bodies以元音字母+y结尾加-sboys,toys,pianos,photos以f或fe结尾大都变f或fe为v,再加-esthieves,wives,knives,shelves,lives少数加-sbeliefs,proofs,roofs,chiefs以o结尾通常加-sradios,videos,zoos,tobaccos有的加-esheroes,potatoes,tomatoes【名师点睛】①以-o结尾的下列名词要加-es,它们是"黑人英雄在回声中吃土豆、西红柿",即Negroes,heroes,echoes,potatoes,tomatoes。但下列以-o结尾的名词既可以加-es,也可以加-s,它们是:zeros(zeroes)零,mosquitos(mosquitoes)蚊子,volcanos(volcanoes)火山。②以-f或-fe结尾的下列名词需要把f或fe去掉,加-ves,它们是"为了自己活命,小偷和他的妻子手里拿着刀子和树叶站在架子上,把狼劈成两半",即selves,lives,thieves,wives,knives,leaves,shelves,wolves,halves。但下列以-f结尾的名词既可以去掉f加-ves,也可以直接加-s,如:handkerchiefs(handkerchieves)手帕。③名词前有man或woman修饰,变复数时,作定语的man或woman和后面的名词都要变成复数。如:womandoctor→womendoctors(2)不规则变化①自身有特殊变化的名词child孩子→children man男人→men tooth牙→teeth foot脚,英尺→feet mouse老鼠→mice phenomenon现象→phenomena medium传播媒介→media②常见单复数同形的名词:Chinese中国人;sheep绵羊;deer鹿;series系列;means方式;works工厂;fish鱼;fruit水果等。其中fish,fruit表示种类时,可加复数词尾,即fishes,fruits。☞Somedeerareeatinggrassatthebottomofthehill.☞Everypossiblemeanshasbeentried,butnonehasworked. ③合成名词的复数形式:son-in-law→sons-in-lawpasser-by→passers-bystory-teller→story-tellers【名师点睛】名词+名词时,仅将后面的名词变复数:girlstudent→girlstudents但是man/woman+名词时,前后都要变为复数:womansinger→womensingers1.(2020年1月浙江卷·语法填空)ForJapan,the______(number)aremorestriking-22in1950,46todayand53in2050.【答案】numbers。【解析】考查名词复数。根据句中are可知主语应该用名词复数形式。2.(2020年7月浙江)Later,theylearnedtoworkwiththe_________(season),【答案】seasons。【解析】考查名词复数。后来他们随着季节的变更劳作。根据句意,一年有四季,故填名词复数,seasons。3.(2019新课标卷I·短文改错)Alltheplayerontheplaygroundcheeredloudly.【答案】player改为players。【解析】考查名词复数。句意:操场上所有足球运动员都大声欢呼起来。根据all可知player要用复数形式。4.(2018新课标卷I·语法填空)Twooftheauthorsofthereviewalsomadeastudypublishedin2014___66(that\which)___showedamerefiveto10minutesAdayofrunningreducedtheriskofheartdiseaseandearlydeathsfromall___67___(cause).【答案】causes【解析】考查名词复数。一项研究表明,仅仅每天5到10分钟的跑步,就能减少各种原因的心脏病和早亡。根据句意用复数形式。故填causes。5.housetoraisedozensofchicken.【答案】chicken改为chickens【解析】考查名词复数。他们拥有一个大的独立住宅,还养了许多只鸡。根据前文的dozens of可知,其后用名词复数形式。6.(2018·全国新课标卷Ⅱ·短文改错)Aftersupper,wewouldplaycardgamesofallsortinthesittingroom.【答案】sort改为sorts【解析】sort在此意为“种类”,是可数名词,和all搭配时用复数形式。故将sort改为sorts.7.(2018·浙江卷)FewpeopleIknowseemtohavemuchdesireortimetocook.MakingChinese___56___(dish)isseenasespeciallytroublesome.【答案】dishes【解析】考查名词。此处指中国菜,表示泛指应该用名词复数,故填dishes。8.(2017·全国新课标卷I·语法填空)Thistrend,whichwasstartedbythemedicalcommunity(医学界)asamethodoffightingheartdisease,hashadsomeunintendedside62(effect)suchasoverweightandheartdisease—theverythingthemedicalcommunitywastryingtofight.【答案】effects【解析】考查单复数。分析语境可知作者表达的意思是“一些不为人知的副作用”,根据前文的some可知“sideeffect”(副作用)有很多,故填effects。9.(2017新课标卷Ⅱ·语法填空)In1863thefirstundergroundpassengerrailwayintheworldopenedinLondon.Itranforjustundersevenkilometersandallowedpeopletoavoidterrible61(crowd)ontheroadsaboveastheytravelledtoandfromwork.【答案】crowds【解析】此处表示复数概念,crowd前没有冠词,且它是可数名词,故填crowds.10.(2017新课标卷Ⅲ·语法填空)Shehasturneddownseveral67(invitation)tostaratshowsinordertoconcentrateonherstudies.【答案】invitations【解析】考查名词单复数。several修饰可数名词复数形式,故填invitations。11.(2016·全国新课标卷I·语法填空)Chengduhasdozensofnewmillionaires,Asia’sbiggestbuilding,andfancynewhotels.Butfortouristslikeme,pandasareitstop61(attract)...Thenurseryteamswitcheshimeveryfew69(day)withhissistersothatwhileoneisbeingbottle-fed,70(the)otheriswithmum—sheneversuspects.61.【答案】attraction 【解析】考查名词。形容词top后面跟名词形式。69.【答案】days【解析】考查名词复数。few修饰复数名词。2.不可数名词(1)通常只用作不可数名词的名词:advice建议,furniture家具,fun乐趣;information信息,news新闻,weather天气,progress进步,wealth财富,value价值等。(2)不可数名词具体化①具有某种特性、状态、情感的抽象名词在表示具体的概念时,可以与不定冠词连用,常考的有:单词抽象名词意义具体化名词意义success成功成功的人或事pleasure乐趣令人高兴的事beauty美;美丽美丽的人或事物comfort安慰;慰藉令人感到安慰的人或事物danger危险危险的人或因素delight高兴令人高兴的事failure失败失败的人或事物surprise惊奇令人惊奇的事情shock震惊令人震惊的事情pride骄傲令人骄傲的事情Yourcontributionwillcertainlymaketheeventahugesuccess.你的贡献一定会使这个事件很成功。②物质名词具体化drink饮料→twodrinks两杯饮料 coffee咖啡→acoffee一杯咖啡 chalk粉笔→achalk一支粉笔 hair头发→ahair一根头发③抽象名词与a(an)连用,淡化了抽象概念,转化为似乎可以体验到的动作、行为或类别。例如:☞Beingabletoaffordadrinkwouldbeacomfortinthosetoughtimes.在那些艰难的时期,能够买得起一杯酒会是一件欣慰的事。(3)“of+抽象名词”相当于形容词。能用在此结构中的抽象名词有importance,value,use,significance,help等。 ☞It’sofnopracticalusetome. 这对我没什么实际用途。☞TheworkIamdoingisnotofmuchvalue. 我做的工作没有多大价值。1.(2020年全国I卷.语法填空)Thefarsideofthemoonisofparticular_________(interesting)toscientistsbecauseithasalotofdeepcraters(环形山),moreso_____thanthefamiliarnearside.【答案】interest【解析】此题考查的是“beof+(形容词)+抽象名词”的用法。设空处作介词of的宾语,根据提示词可知设空处需填名词形式,故填名词interest.2.(2020年全国Ⅲ卷.语法填空)Filledwith_________(curious),theartistpackedhisbagandleft.【答案】C【解析】此题考查不可数名词。句意:心中充满了好奇,这位画家收拾好行囊就出发了。设空处充当了with的宾语,所以要用所给词的名词形式。故填curiosity.3.Your advise is of little ____.it doesn't help to improve our English.A.useful    B.uselessness  C.importance  D.helpless【答案】C【解析】此题考查的是“beof+(形容词)+抽象名词”的用法。useful和helpless为形容词,故排除A和D,根据后半句知“建议不能帮助我们提高英语成绩”,前半句也应该表示否定意义,little本来就表否定意义,而uselessness又是否定意义,故排除B.4.Shehasgainedmanyunforgettable_____aboutanimalswhen_____intheforestdoingresearch.A.experiences;stayedB.experiences;stayingC.experience;stayedD.experience;staying【答案】B【解析】根据句意可知,experience在这里表示经历,因此为可数名词,所以排除C项和D项。When引导的从句其实是whensheisstayingintheforestdoing research.当主句主语和从句主语一致,并且从句中有系动词时,可以把从句中的主语连同系动词一起省略,故用staying。所以B项正确。句意:当停留在森林里做研究时,她已经获得了许多关于动物的难忘的经历。3.表示数量的词(组)与名词的搭配◆修饰可数的量词:anumberof,thenumberof,many,agreat/goodmanyfew,afew,several◆修饰不可数的量词:alargeamountof,hugeamountsof,agreatdealof,much,toomuchlittle,alittle◆两个皆可修饰的量词:some,alotof,lotsof,plentyof,quantityof考向2名词的格1.-’s所有格①用and连接的并列名词的所有格要分两种情况,即表示各自的所有关系时,要分别在并列名词后加-’s或’;表示共同的所有关系时,只在最后一个名词后加-’s或’。☞Tom’sandJim’srooms.汤姆和吉姆(各自)的房间。☞TomandJim’sroom.汤姆和吉姆(共同)的房间。②表示店铺、办公室或某人的家时,名词所有格后被修饰的名词一般省略。atthebarber’s在理发店attheteacher’s在老师办公室2.of所有格表示无生命的事物的名词通常用of所有格表示所有关系;名词短语或有定语修饰的有生命的名词也常用of所有格。thecontentofthenovel小说的内容thenameofthegirloverthere那边那位女孩的名字3.双重所有格指"名词+of+名词所有格"或"名词+of+名词性物主代词"。aplayofShakespeare’s(莎士比亚的一个戏剧)afriendofmine(我的一个朋友)1.(2018·全国新课标卷II·短文改错)WhenIwaslittle,Friday’snightwasourfamilygamenight.【答案】Friday’s改为Friday。【解析】 考查名词的格。名词作定语,往往表明被修饰名词的时间、地点、类别、目的或用途、材料或来源等。名词所有格作定语则强调与被修饰的词的所有关系或表示逻辑上的谓语关系。此处表示“星期五晚上”,并不是所有关系,故把Friday’s改为Friday。2.    motherwasunconsciousforfivehoursafterbeingadmittedtohospital.A.JohnandMaryB.John’sandMary’sC.John’sandMaryD.JohnandMary’s【答案】D【解析】句意:约翰和玛丽的妈妈被接收入院后五个小时都不省人事。此处主语是单数名词,表示"约翰和玛丽共有的妈妈",所以只在最后一个名词词尾加-’s。如表示"他们各自的母亲",则用John’sandMary’smothers。考向3名词作定语1.直接作定语,通常用单数形式。collegestudents大学生girlfriend女友vegetablegarden菜园basketballmatch篮球赛☞Let’sstopbythebookstoreonthewayhome.回家的路上,我们的书店停一下吧!☞Heboughttheshoesinthatshoeshop.这双鞋他是在那个鞋店买的。2.名词所有格作定语。students’books学生用书China’scapital中国的首都theworld’spopulation世界人口3.man,woman,gentleman作定语man,woman,gentleman作定语时可以用单数和复数两种形式,但必须随所修饰名词的数而定。☞Hesaidthattwowomendoctorswouldcometoourvillagethenextday.他说明天有两个女医生到我们村子来。☞Therearemanymenteachersinourschool.我们学校有很多男教师。4.某些常用复数的名词用作定语某些常用复数的名词,当它们用作定语时,也须用复数形式。armsproduction武器生产clothesshop服装商店salesdepartment营业部agoodstrain货车savingsbank储蓄所foreignlanguagesdepartment外语系 5.单位名称、报纸、广播、电视等的标题中经常出现复数名词作定语。☞LearningSkillscenter学习技巧交流中心TheBoysClub男孩俱乐部6.表示类别时名词直接作定语还是用所有格作定语一定要严格遵守习惯。apeasantfamily/boy(peasant习惯直接作定语)aworker’sfamily(worker习惯用所有格作定语)7.两种定语有时并存但意义不一样。womendrivers女司机thewoman’sdriver这位妇女的司机girlfriend女朋友thegirl’sfriend这女孩的朋友mothertongue母语mother’stongue母亲的舌头8.名词与其同根形容词都可以作定语,但意思上往往有差别:用名词作定语时,表示被修饰的名词的质地或性质;用名词的同根形容词作定语,则说明被修饰的名词的特征。goldwatch金表(指手表是含金的)goldenwatch金色的表(指表是金色的,但不一定含金)(2018·浙江卷)Researchershavefoundthatthereisadirectlinkbetweentheincreaseinfoodeatenoutsidethehomeandtherisein___64___(weigh)problems.【答案】weight【解析】考查名词。此处指体重问题,用名词修饰problems,故填weight。考向4主谓一致高考主谓一致的知识结构一致原则考点详解例句语法一致1.以单数名词或代词、动词不定式短语、动名词短语或从句作主语时,谓语动词一般用单数形式;主语为复数时,谓语动词用复数形式。Hisfatherisworkingonthefarm.TostudyEnglishwellisnoteasy.Whathesaidisveryimportantforusall.Thechildrenwereintheclassroomtwohoursago.Readinginthesunisbadforyoureyes. 2.由连接词and或both……and连接起来的合成主语后面,要用复数形式的谓语动词。LucyandLilyaretwins.SheandIareclassmates.Theboyandthegirlweresurprisedwhentheyheardthenews.BothsheandheareYoungPioneers.3.主语为单数名词或代词,尽管后面跟有with,togetherwith,except,but,like,aswellas,ratherthan,morethan,nolessthan,besides,including等引起的短语,谓语动词仍用单数形式;若主语为复数,谓语用复数形式。Mr.Green,togetherwithhiswifeandchildren,hascometoChina.NobodybutJimandMikewasontheplayground.She,likeyouandTom,isverytall.4.either,neither,each,every或no+单数名词和由some,any,no,every构成的复合不定代词,都作单数看待。Eachofushasanewbook.Everythingaroundusismatter.5.在定语从句中,关系代词that,who,which等作主语时,其谓语动词的数应与句中先行词的数一致。Heisoneofmyfriendswhoareworkinghard.Heistheonlyoneofmyfriendswhoisworkinghard.6.如果集体名词指的是整个集体,它的谓语动词用单数;如果它指集体的成员,其谓语动词就用复数形式。这些词有family,class,crowd,committee,population,audience等。ClassFourisonthethirdfloor.ClassFourareunabletoagreeuponamonitor.注:people,police,cattle等名词一般都用作复数。如:Thepolicearelookingforthelostchild. 7.由“alotof,lotsof,plentyof,therestof,themajorityof+名词”构成的短语以及由“分数或百分数+名词”构成的短语作主语,其谓语动词的数要根据短语中后面名词的数而定。Therearealotofpeopleintheclassroom.Therestofthelectureiswonderful.50%ofthestudentsinourclassaregirls.注:anumberof与thenumberof的区别8.在倒装句中,谓语动词的数应与其后的主语一致。Therecomesthebus.Onthewallaremanypictures.Suchistheresult.Sucharethefacts.逻辑一致1.what,who,which,any,more,all等代词可以是单数,也可是复数,主要靠意思来决定。Whichisyourbag?Whichareyourbags?Allisgoingwell.AllhavegonetoBeijing.2.表示“时间、重量、长度、价值”等的名词的复数作主语时,谓语动词通常用单数形式,这是由于作主语的名词在概念上是一个整体。Thirtyminutesisenoughforthework.Tenmilesistoolong.3.若主语是书名、片名、格言、剧名、报名、国名等的复数形式,其谓语动词通常用单数形式。“TheArabianNights”isaninterestingstory-book.4.表数量的短语“oneandahalf”后接复数名词作主语时,其谓语动词可用单数形式。Oneandahalfapplesisleftonthetable.一致原则考点详解例句逻辑一致5.算式中表示数目(字)的主语通常作单数看待,其谓语动词采用单数形式。Twelvepluseightistwenty.Fifty-sixdividedbyeightisseven.6.一些学科名词是以–ics结尾,如:mathematics,politics,physics以及news,Thepaperworkswasbuiltin1990.Ithinkphysicsisn‘teasytostudy. works等,都属于形式上是复数的名词,实际意义为单数名词,它们作主语时,其谓语动词要用单数形式。7.trousers,glasses,clothes,shoes,jeans等词作主语时,谓语用复数,但如果这些名词前有a(the)pairof等量词修饰时,谓语动词用单数。Myglassesarebroken.Thepairofshoesunderthebedishis. 8.“定冠词the+形容词或分词”,表示某一类人时,动词用复数。Theoldaretakengoodcareof.9.a(large)quantityof修饰可数或不可数名词,作主语时,谓语动词用单数。Alargequantityofpeopleisneededhere.注意:quantities一般用复数。Quantitiesoffood(nuts)wereonthetable.10.agreatdealof,alargeamountof修饰不可数名词,作主语时,谓语动词通常用单数;largeamountsof修饰不可数名词,作主语时,谓语动词通常用复数。Alargeamountof(Agreatdealof)damagewasdoneinaveryshorttime.Largeamountsofmoneywerespentonthebridge.就近一致1.当两个主语由either…or,neither…nor,whether…or…,notonly…butalso连接时,谓语动词和邻近的主语一致。Eithertheteacherorthestudentsareourfriends.Neithertheynorheiswhollyright.2.therebe句型的be动词单复数取决于其后的主语。如果其后是由and连接的两个主语,则应与靠近的那个主语保持一致。Therearetwochairsandadeskintheroom.Here引导的句子用法同上。如:Hereisamapandahandbookforyou.一、语法一致语法一致:就是谓语动词和主语在单、复数形式上保持一致。1. 单数n.,不可数n., 不定式,动名词或从句作主语时,谓语动词用单数。主语为复数时,谓语动词用复数。☛Hisfatherisworkingonthefarm.☛Timeismoney.☛Tofinishalltheworkontimeisimpossible.☛Readinginthesunisbadforyoureyes. ☛Thechildrenareintheclassroom2hoursago.◆由what引导的主语从句,后面的谓语动词多用单数但如果表语是复数或what从句是一个带有复数意义的并列结构时,谓语动词用复数。 ☛WhatIboughtwere3Englishbooks.☛WhatIsayanddoarehelpfultoyou.1.由and或both...and连接起来的合成主语后面谓语动词用复数。 ☛LucyandLilyaretwins.☛SheandIarefriends.☛BothsheandheareYoungPioneers.◆如果and所连接的两个词是指同一个人或物时,它后面的谓语动词就用单数。☛Thewriterandartisthascome.◆由and连接的并列单数主语前分别有each,every,nomorethana(an),manya(an)修饰时,谓语动词用单数。 ☛Everystudentandeveryteacherwasintheroom.☛Noboyandnogirllikesit.2.主语后面有with,togetherwith,except,but,like,aswellas,ratherthan,morethan,nolessthan,besides,including等引起的短语时,谓语动词的单复数由主语的单复数决定。☛MrGreen,togetherwithhiswifeandchildren,hascometoChina.☛NobodybutJimandMikewasontheplayground. ☛She,likeyouandTom,isverytall.3.either,neither,each,every或no+单数neither/neither/noneof+复数名词,还有some,any,no,every构成的复合不定代词作主语,谓语动词用单数。 ☛Eachofushasanewbook.☛Everythingaroundusismatter. ☛Neitherofthetextsisinteresting.NoneofushasbeentoSouthAfrica.4.定语从句中,关系代词that,which,who作主语时,谓语动词的数和先行词一致。 ☛Heisoneofmystudentswhoareworkinghard.☛Heistheonlyoneofmyfriendswhoisworkinghard. 1.(2020全国I卷.语法填空)"becauseit67.(mean)wehavethechancetoobtaininformationabouthowthemoon68.(construct)"【答案】67.means;68.isconstructed;【解析】考查主谓一致和时态。考查时态和主谓一致。句意:“这真的使科学家们激动,”布朗大学的一位科学家CarlePieters说:“因为它意味着我们有机会获得月球是如何构造的信息。”根据上文“Thisreallyexcitesscientists”可知,此处也使用一般现在时,主语是it,所以空处谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式means,故填means。68.考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意同上。分析句子可知,此处是宾语从句谓语动词,谓语construct与主语themoon之间是被动关系,应使用被动语态,再由上下文可知此处应使用一般现在时,主语themoon是单数,故填isconstructed。2.(2020山东新高考.语法填空)Often,onlyasmallpartofamuseum’scollection41.(be)ondisplay.【答案】is【解析】考查主谓一致。句意:通常,博物馆只展出一小部分藏品。此处描述的是客观事实,应使用一般现在时,主语asmallpartofamuseum’scollection是单数概念,谓语动词应使用第三人称单数形式,且后面的Mostofitisstoredawayorusedforresearch.中的is也是提示。故填is。3.(2018·新课标卷I·语法填空)Whilerunningregularlycan’tmakeyouliveforever,thereviewsaysit64(be)moreeffectiveatlengtheninglife65(than)walking,cyclingorswimming.【答案】is【解析】考查主谓一致和时态。医学报告显示:跑步比散步、骑车和游泳更能有效地延长寿命。这里叙述的是一个事实,故用一般现在时,且主语是it,表示单数概念。故填is。4.Heisoneofthemostselfishmenthat_______everlived;that’swhyhardly_______makingfriendswithhim.A.has;anyonelikesB.have;doesanyonelikeC.has;noonelikesD.have;anyonelikes【答案】D【解析】考查主谓一致。that引导的定语从句修饰的是名词复数men,因此定语从句的谓语动词应用have。第一个空考查的是定语从句中谓语动词的单复数,oneof+复数名词+关系代词+复数动词,因此第一个空用 have;后半句译为"那就是几乎没有任何人和他交朋友的原因",hardly表示"几乎不",根据句意,后面应是肯定句,故排除C项;hardly作为否定副词放在句首时,句子才使用倒装语序,因此排除B项。故选D项。5.集体名词family,class,crowd,committee,population,audience等,指整体时,用单数;指集体的成员时,用复数。☛Hisfamilyisahappyone. ☛ThewholefamilyarewatchingTV. ☛ThepopulationofChinais1400million.(人口) ☛Onethirdofthepopulationhereareworkers.(人)◆people,cattle,police作主语时,谓语动词用复数。1.由 alotof,lotsof,plentyof,therestof,themajorityof+名词,或者是分数/百分数+名词构成的短语作主语,谓语动词的数由名词的单复数决定。☛Therestofthelectureiswonderful.☛Alotoftimeiswasted.☛Alotofpeopletakepartinthemeeting.☛2/3waterisdrunkbyhim.☛2/3studentsareabsent.2.倒装句中,谓语v.的数与其后的主语一致。 ☛Onthewallaremanypictures.☛Suchistheresult.☛Sucharethefacts.1.(2019年全国I卷.语法填空)Of__the___nineteenrecognizedpolarbearsubpopulations,threearedeclining,six_____(70)stable,oneisincreasing,andninelackenoughdata.【答案】are。【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。根据设空前后与本空并列的谓语动词的时态可知,本空需要一般现在时;主语是six(subpopulations),故填are.二、意义一致原则1.表示时间、度量、长度、价值等的复数名词作主语,因为其在概念上是一个整体,谓语动词用单数。 ☛Twentyminutesisenoughforthework.☛OnehundreddollarsisstolenfromtheATM. 1.如果是书名,片名,格言,剧名,报名,国名等的复数形式作主语,谓语动词用单数。 ☛TheArabianNightsisaninterestingstorybook.oneandahalf+复数n.,谓语动词用单数。 ☛Oneandahalfapplesisleftonthetable.2.算是中表示数目通常用单数(加减乘除)3.表示学科的以-ics结尾的名词作主语,用单数。 ☛Physicsisanimportantsubjectinmiddleschools.☛Mathematicsisthestudyofnumbers.☛Politics,economics,athletics等。4.复数形式的单复数同形的名词作主语,意义一致。☛Theglassworkswasbuiltupin1980.☛Theseglassworksareneartherailwaystation.5.由两部分组成的名词,trousers,glasses,shorts,scissors等作主语时,谓语动词用复数。apairof等量词时,视情况而定。6.The+adj.表示一类人,作主语时用复数。 ☛Theyoungareusuallyveryactive.☛Theoldarelonely.三、就近一致原则就近一致:在英语句子中,有时谓语动词的人称和数与最近的主语保持一致。1.当两个主语由either…or,neither…nor,whether…or…,notonly…butalso连接时,谓语动词和邻近的主语一致。☛NeitherhisparentsnorIamabletopersuadehimtochangehismind.他的父母和我都不能说服他改变注意。2.therebe句型的be动词单复数取决于其后的主语。如果其后是由and连接的两个主语,则应与靠近的那个主语保持一致。☛Thereare two pens,a book and three pencils on the desk.书桌上有两支钢笔,一本书和三支铅笔。☛There isa book,two pens and three pencils on the desk. 书桌上有一本书,两支钢笔和三支铅笔。 3.在倒装句中,谓语动词的数应与其后的主语一致。☛Hereisamapandahandbookforyou.这是一张你的地图和一本手册。 Sucharethefacts.事实就是如此。4.就远原则:谓语动词与前面主语一致。主语后面接连接性短语时,这种结构并不影响主语和谓语的关系,即谓语动词的数与主语的数保持一致。此类连接性短语有as well as,as much as,along with,with,like,rather than, together with,but,except,besides,including,in addition to等。☛Your sister as well as your parents is very kind to me.你姐姐和你父母一样,对我很好。☛She,like you and betty,is very clever.像你和betty一样,她也很聪明。 Thefatheraswellashisthreechildren___________skatingonthefrozenrivereverySundayafternooninwinter.A.isgoingB.goC.goesD.aregoing【答案】C【解析】考查主谓一致和时态。句意:在冬天的每个星期天下午,这位父亲和他的三个孩子都去结冰的河面上滑冰。当aswellas连接两个名词或代词作主语时,谓语动词的数应与aswellas前面的名词或代词保持一致。本题的谓语动词应与Thefather保持一致,用单数形式;由时间状语everySundayafternoon可知,本句应用一般现在时。故选C项。四、"名词+介词短语"作主语名词或代词后接aswellas,with,alongwith,togetherwith,except,but等短语作主语时,谓语动词的形式应和介词短语前的名词或代词的人称和数保持一致。☛Sheaswellasotherstudentslikesplayingcomputergames.她和其他学生都喜欢玩电脑游戏。☛Hewithhisparentsisworkinginthefields.他正和他的父母在地里干活。☛Nobodybutyouandmeknowsit.除了你和我,没人知道。五、不定代词作主语1.当作主语的名词前有each,neither,either,every修饰或each,neither,either作主语时,谓语动词用单数。☛Eachstudenthasabook.每一个学生都有一本书。☛Eitheransweriscorrect.两个答案都是正确的。☛Neitherparentiswithhim.他的父母都没有和他在一起。☛Everyminuteisimportanttous.每一分钟对大家都很重要。2. 当复合不定代词someone,anyone,somebody,anybody,nobody,everybody,something,anything,nothing,everything等作主语时,谓语动词用单数。☛Somebodyiswaitingforyououtside.有人在外面等你。☛Iseverybodyheretoday?今天大家都到了吗?☛Somethingiswrongwithmywatch.我的手表出故障了。☛Nobodywasawayyesterday.昨天没有人离开。Allweneed_________asmallpieceoflandwherewecanplantvariouskindsoffruittreesthroughoutthegrowingseasonsoftheyear.A.areB.wasC.isD.were【答案】C【解析】考查主谓一致及时态用法。句中的主语为代词all,代指的是物,故谓语动词用单数形式。再根据从句中的can可以判断用一般现在时。句意:我们所需要的是一小块土地,在整个一年的生长季节,我们能够种各种不同的水果树。故C正确。六、特殊名词作主语1.国名、人名、书名、报刊名、组织机构等专有名词作主语时,即使其形式上是复数,谓语动词也要用单数。☛TheUnitedStatesliestotheeastofChina.美国在中国的东方。(国名)☛Engelswasgoodatlearningforeignlanguages.恩格斯擅长学外语。(人名)2."the+形容词"作主语时,表示某类人,谓语动词用复数。☛Thesickaretakengoodcareof.病人得到很好的照顾。☛Theoldaresupposedtobespokentopolitely.跟老人讲话要有礼貌。3.以-s结尾的学科名词,如maths,physics,politics等和以-s结尾的抽象名词,如news,plastics等作主语时,谓语动词要用单数。☛Physicsisverydifficultformetolearn.物理对我来讲很难学。☛Thenewswasveryexciting.这条新闻十分激动人心。4.单复数形式相同的名词,如Chinese,Japanese,sheep,deer等作主语时,谓语动词的单复数由名词前的修饰语来确定。☛AChinesewantstoseeyou.一个中国人想见你。☛Tensheepareeatinggrassthere.那边有10只绵羊在吃草。 【注意】Chinese,Japanese,English等前加the表示一国人,作主语时,谓语动词用复数。TheChinesespeakChinese.中国人说汉语。七、表数量概念的词或短语作主语1.表示时间、金钱、距离、重量等的复数名词作主语时,通常看作一个整体,谓语动词用单数。☛Tenyearshaspassedquickly.10年很快就过去了。☛Tendollarsisenough.10美元就够了。☛100kilometersisalongway.100千米是一段很长的路。2.加减乘除运算中的谓语动词用单数,其中加法与乘法也可用复数。☛Twoandtwois/arefour.2加2等于4。☛Sixtimesoneis/aresix.6乘以1等于6。3."manya/morethanone+单数名词"作主语时,谓语动词用单数。☛Thereismorethanoneanswer.有不止一个答案。☛Manyastudenthaspassedtheexam.许多学生通过了考试。4."oneandahalf+复数名词"作主语时,谓语用单数。☛OneandahalfdaysisallIcanspare.一天半是我所能支配的全部时间。☛Oneandahalfpearsisleftontheplate.一个半梨被留在盘子里。5.therestof...短语作主语时,如果of后接复数名词,谓语用复数;如果of后接不可数名词,谓语用单数。☛Therestofthebikesareonsale.余下的自行车降价出售。☛Therestofthebreadisgone.剩余的面包不见了。6."noneof+复数名词"作主语时,谓语动词既可以用单数也可以用复数。☛Noneofthedogswas/werethere.那儿没有狗。7."anumberof+名词复数"表示"许多/大量的……",其后的谓语动词用复数;"thenumberof+名词复数"表示"……的数量",其中心词为number,故谓语动词用单数。☛Anumberoffarmersarestandingoverthere.许多农民站在那边。☛Thenumberofthestudentsinthisschoolhasreachedover2,000.这所学校的学生数量已达到2000多人。8."alotof/lotsof/plentyof+名词"作主语,谓语动词由of后的名词来确定。如果of后是不可数名词,谓语动词用单数;如果of后是复数名词,谓语动词用复数。☛Alotoftimeisneeded.需要大量的时间。 ☛Plentyofworkersareworking.许多工人在工作。八、动名词、不定式和从句作主语动名词、不定式或从句作主语时,谓语一般用单数。☛Doingmorningexercisesisgoodforyourbody.做早操对你的身体有益。☛Toplaywithfirenearagasstationisverydangerous.在加油站附近玩火很危险。☛Whathesaidatthemeetingisveryimportant.他在会上的发言很重要。Theuniversityestimatesthatlivingexpensesforinternationalstudents________around$8,450ayear,which________aburdenforsomeofthem.A.are;isB.are;areC.is;areD.is;is【答案】A 【解析】考查主谓一致。句意:那所大学估计,对国际学生来说,一年的生活开销大约是8450美元,这对他们中某些学生来说是一个负担。第一空的主语是livingexpenses,是复数,因此谓语动词用复数;第二空的主语是which,指代的是前面整个句子,因此谓语动词用单数。难点剖析一、名词类别间的互换个体名词与抽象名词的相互转换例   句意  义名词性质①Sheheldsome flowers inherhand.②Thetreesarenowin flower花儿个体名词开花抽象名词①Youth isbeautiful.青春抽象名词 ②Heisa youth oftwenty年轻人个体名词①Theyhaveachievedremarkable success intheirwork.②—HowabouttheChristmaseveningparty? —Ishouldsayitwasasuccess.成功抽象名词成功的事个体名词物质名词与个体名词的相互转换例   句意  义名词性质①Iron isakindofmetal.②Pleaselendmeyour iron.铁物质名词熨斗个体名词①Hebrokeapieceof glass.②Hebrokea glass.玻璃物质名词玻璃杯个体名词①Iboughtachickenthismorning②Pleasehelpyourselftosome chicken小鸡个体名词鸡肉物质名词抽象名词与个体名词的转换①—I’dlike______informationaboutthemanagementofyourhotel,please.—Well,youcouldhave____wordwiththemanager.Hemightbehelpful 具有动作意义的抽象名词加用与某些动词(如:have等)连用,表示某一次短暂的动作A.some,a      B.an,some     C.some,some    D.an,a②Theysentus        wordofthelatesthappenings. 消息 (抽象名词)A.a           B.an           C./             D.the③Couldwehave         wordbeforeyougotothemeeting? 话(个体名词)A.a           B.an           C./             D.the类例:haveadream/arest/asmoke/aswim/atrip/awash/adiscussion/alooktakeawalk/abath makeanadvance(进步)/makeanearlystart(早点出发)/makeadecision/makeachange/giveacryofpain(发出痛苦的叫声)/giveatry表示知识和时间的抽象名词转换为普通名词时可以用来表示其中的一部分①Manypeopleagreethat___knowledgeofEnglishisamustin____internationaltradetoday.A.a,  /          B.the,an        C.the,the        D./,theaknowledgeoftruth(知道实际情况)giveafullerknowledgeofChina(提供关于中国更为翔实的知识)haveaknowledgeofshorthand(有速记的知识)②Iftherewerenoexamination,weshouldhave______atschool.A.thehappiesttime    B.amorehappiertime  C.muchhappiesttime  D.amuchhappiertime③         ismoney.  A.Thetime         B.Atime      C.Time      D.Times 抽象名词转换为普通名词可用来表示“一次、一阵、一种”具体的行为、事件、现象或结果。这时名词前往往有形容词修饰①Oh,John._____yougaveme!A.Howapleasantsurprise    B.HowpleasantsurpriseC.Whatapleasantsurprise     D.Whatpleasantsurprise②Shelookedup           whenIshouted.A.inasurprise      B.inthesurprise      C.insurprise       D.insomesurprise其它例子:Thegiftcameasacompletesurprisetome.Wehavehadsomeunpleasantsurprise③Itis_____workofartthateveryonewantstohavealookatit.A.sounusual        B.suchunusual      C.suchanunusual   D.soanunusual二、主谓一致的其他情况其他情况例句and连接并列主语时,谓语动词常常使用复数;但是and连接的并列主语指同一人、同一物时,谓语使用单数。Thewriterandteacheriscoming.那位作家兼教师来了(作家和教师指同一个人)Thewriterandtheteacherarecoming.作家和老师来了。(作家和老师是两个人)"单数名词或代词+名词或代词+but/besides/except/including/like/with/alongwith/aswellas/ratherthan/suchas/togetherwith+名词或代词作主语,谓语使用单数形式,如果之前的名词或代词是复数,则谓语使用复数。MikewithhisfatherhasbeentoEngland.迈克同他的父亲去过英格兰。Mike,likehisbrother,enjoysplayingfootball.迈克像他的哥哥一样喜欢踢足球。 "thenumberof+复数名词"作主语谓语用单数;"a(good/large)numberof+复数名词"作主语,谓语动词用复数。Thenumberofthestudentsisovereighthundred.学生人数超过八百。Anumberofteachersarepresenttoday,andthenumberofthemis500.许多教师今天都出席了,有500人。由两个相同部分组成的一个整体名词作主语,谓语动词用复数,如chopsticks,glasses,shoes,socks,stockings,trousers,boots等。若此类名词被"akindof/apairof’’修饰时,谓语动词用单数。Thescissorsareontheshelfnexttothecupboard.剪刀在橱柜旁边的架子上。Apairofglassescostsquitealotthesedays.近些天,眼镜的售价很高。当notonly...butalso...,not...but...,or,either...or….,neither...nor...等连接并列主语时,以及在therebe句型中,谓语动词的单复数形式采用就近一致原则。NeitherJackandIhaveseenthisfilm.杰克和我都没有看过这部电影Eitheryouorheistoattendthemeetingtomorrow.或者是你或者是他去参加明天的会议。某些集体名词class,club,family,team,group等作主语时,谓语动词采用意义一致原则,即依据名词的具体含义来确定谓语动词的单复数形式。Thecompanyhasgrownrapidlyinthelastfiveyears.这家公司五年来迅速发展壮大。ThefamilyarecelebratingThanksgivinginthispicture.在这张相片里,全家人正在庆祝感恩节。【知识拓展】如果这一类集体名词作为一个整体看待时,谓语动词使用单数形式,如果这一类词指的是具体成员,则谓语动词应该使用复数形式。【巧学妙记】主谓一致记忆口诀单单复复最常见,集体名词谓用单。如若强调其成员,复数谓语记心间。有些名词谓常复,people、police即这般。主语单数后接介,谓语单数介无关。manya作主语也如此,谓语动词应用单。or、nor、butalso、therebe,近主原则挂嘴边。关系代词定主语,谓语根据先行词判。 不定式短语、动名词,主语从句谓全单。时间、货币与距离,谓语多单复少见,rest,means,following等,意义决定其复、单。none,all,halfof等,of之宾语定答案。还有分数、百分数,仍据of之宾定复、单。代词all指人谓复数,all指事情谓用单。量词用法请注意,谓语要随量词变。and连接两名词,身兼两职一定冠。no,each,every后单名,两种事物一概念。以上情况请记清,谓语动词全用单。形容词带the一类人,姓氏复数加定冠,-s结尾的海峡、山脉与群岛,谓语用复勿用单。代词neither,either,each,用作主语谓全单。检测训练题组一真题在线1.(2020·江苏卷·单项填空)Thehealthsecuritysystemsofmanycountriesareundergoingconsiderable______.A.reservationB.transformationC.distinctionD.submission2.(2020·天津卷·单项填空)Hisvividdescriptionsofcountrylifequicklybecamepopular,whichestablishedhis_____________asoneofAmerica'sgreatestwriters.A.trustB.contactC.reputationD.theory3.(2019·江苏卷·单项填空)Nowadaysthe___________fortravellingisshiftedfromshoppingtofoodandscenery.A.priorityB.potentialC.proportionD.pension4.(2019·天津卷·单项填空)Wecanobservethatartificialintelligencehasalreadymadea(n)___________onourlivesinmanyways.A.statementB.impactC.impressionD.judgment 5.(2018·天津卷)The__________thatthereislifeonotherplanetsintheuniversehasalwaysinspiredscientiststoexploretheouterspace.A.adviceB.orderC.possibilityD.invitation6.(2018·江苏卷)Try to understand what’s actuallyhappeninginsteadofactingonthe_______you’vemade.A.assignmentB.associationC.acquisitionD.assumption7.(2017·江苏)ThepublicationofGreatExpectations,which____________bothwidelyreviewedandhighlypraised,strengthenedDickens,statusasaleadingnovelist.A.isB.areC.wasD.were8.(2017·天津)Nowadays,cycling,alongwithjoggingandswimming,___________asoneofthebestall-roundformsofexercise.A.regardB.isregardedC.areregardedD.regards9.(2016·浙江)Itisimportanttopayyourelectricitybillontime,aslatepaymentsmayaffectyour______.A.conditionB.incomeC.creditD.status10.(2016·天津)Theweatherforecastsaysitwillbecloudywithaslight_____ofrainlatertonight.A.effectB.senseC.changeD.chance11.(2016·江苏)—Canyoutellusyourforhappinessandalonglife?—Livingeverydaytothefull,definitely.A.recipeB.recordC.rangeD.receipt12.(2015·湖北)Whenhewasrunningafterhisbrother,theboylosthis___andhadabadfall.A.balanceB.chanceC.memoryD.place13.(2015·湖北)Hegavehimselfanewnametohidehis____whenhewenttocarryoutthesecrettask.A.emotionB.talentC.identityD.treasure14.(2015·安徽)Thereisnoneedtotellmeyouranswernow.Giveitsome______andthenletmeknow.A.thoughtB.supportC.protectionD.authority15.(2015·江苏)—GoandsaysorrytoyourMom,Dave.—I’dliketo,butI’mafraidshewon’tbehappywithmy______. A.requestsB.excusesC.apologiesD.regrets16.(2015·江苏)Someschoolswillhavetomake______inagreementwiththenationalsoccerreform.A.judgmentsB.adjustmentsC.commentsD.achievements17.(2015·福建)Thefailurewasabig__________tohim,buthewasn’tdiscouragedandsoongotasenthusiasticasever.A.blowB.issueC.excuseD.Factor18.(2015·浙江)Oneofthemosteffectivewaystoreduceistotalkaboutfeelingwithsomeoneyoutrust.A.productionB.stressC.energyD.passive题组二名校模拟Ⅰ.单项填空1.Theshoeswerecoveredwithmud,soIaskedthemtotakethemoffbeforetheygotintocar.A.girl’s;Tom’sB.girls’;Toms’C.girls’;Tom’sD.girl’s;Toms’2.Shehasgainedmanyunforgettable_____aboutanimalswhen_____intheforestdoingresearch.A.experiences;stayedB.experiences;stayingC.experience;stayedD.experience;staying3.Hefoundalotofwere.A.passers-by;grown-upsB.passer-bys;growns-upC.passer-bys;grown-upsD.passers-by;growns-up4.Wealreadyhavepencils,butweneedtwopens.A.dozenof;dozenB.dozensof;dozensC.dozensof;dozenD.dozen;dozen5.Itisbelievedthatverylittle_____hasbeenmadeofthewastematerialsfromfactoriesinthepastdecades,whichonthecontraryhasbroughtpollutiontotheenvironment.A.costB.useC.valueD.action6.LotsofcampaignshaveoccurredinChinatodefendtheNanshaIslandsrecently.Whatisyour_________ofthesituation?A.intentionB.assessmentC.attitudeD.appointment 7.SofarasIknow,anumberofthestudentsinourschool___________fromthesuburbandthenumberofthem___________500.A.come;isB.comes;areC.comes;isD.come;are8.Theteacheralongwithherstudents___________thePalaceMuseumwhenwecameacrossher.A.werevisitingB.wasvisitingC.hasvisitedD.havevisited9.Notevenoneofthehundredstudentswhotookthetestpassed.A.hasB.haveC.isD.are10.Infrontofthepinetreesafamily,membersarealwaysfriendlytotheirneighbors.A.lives;whereB.live,whoseC.lives,whoseD.live;where11.Contrarytowhatwehadexpected,thenoodlesandricetheyservedontheplanequitedelicious.A.areB.isC.wereD.was12.Theprofessor,____someofhisassistants,_____toattendourdiscussion.A.and;isB.aswellas;isC.or;areD.exceptfor;are13.Onethirdofthecountry___coveredwithtreesandthemajorityofcitizens___Hanpeople.A.is;areB.is;isC.are;areD.are;is14.Theuniversityestimatesthatlivingexpensesforinternationalstudents_________around$8,450peryear,which_________aburdenforsomeofthem.A.are;isB.is;areC.is;isD.are;are15.Eitheryouoroneofyourassistants_________toattendthemeetingthatisduetomorrow.A.isB.areC.haveD.wouldⅡ.语法填空阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Styrofoamisplastic  1 abadreputation. Itcannotberecycledwithoutreleasing(释放)dangerouspollutantsintotheair.TheU.S.EnvironmentalProtectionAgency  2 (say)itisthefifthlargestcreatorofdangerouswaste.ScientistsfromtheU.S.andChinahavediscoveredthatmealwormscandigestplastic.Onemealwormcandigestapill-sizedamountofplasticaday.Studyco-authorWei-MinWusaysthatin24hours,theplastic  3 (turn)intocarbondioxide.Arethewormshurtby  4 (eat)plastic?ThestudyfoundthatwormseatingStyrofoamwereas  5 (health)aswormseatingbran(糠).Styrofoamisalightweightmaterial,about95percentair,withverygoodinsulationproperties(绝缘性),accordingtoEarthsource.org.Itisusedinproductsfrom  6 (cup)thatkeepyourdrinkshotorcoldtopackagingmaterials  7 protectitemsduringshipping."Solving  8 problemofplasticpollutionisimportant.Landfillspaceisbecominglimited,"saysWu,aStanfordUniversityenvironmentalengineeringinstructor.About33milliontonsofplasticarethrownawayintheUnitedStateseveryyear.Plasticplates,cupsandcontainerstake  9 25percentto30percentofspaceinAmerica’slandfills.OneStyrofoamcuptakesmorethan1millionyears  10 (recycle)inalandfill,accordingtoClevelandStateUniversity.Ⅲ.短文改错假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。Itwasmy17thbirthdayandIwaslookingforwardtoseemyfriends.Iarrivedatmyfavoriterestaurant,waitingforhim.Wewouldhavethespecialbirthdaydinner.Ilookedforafamiliarfacebutfailed.Soontherestaurantwas filledcustomers,noneofwhichweremyfriends.Anhourlater,Iwentbackhome,lonelyanddisappointing.Tomygreatsurprise,IfoundthedoorwaswideopenwhileIarrivedhome.Nervously,Iwalkintothedarkroom.Suddenly,allthelightwentonandmyfriendswereappearedshouting‘‘surprise”.Ihadanunforgettablebirthday.高考名词专练1.(2019·全国I卷)InrecentyearssomeInuitpeopleinNunavuthavereportedincreasesinbearsightingsaroundhumansettlements,leadingtoa(believe)thatpopulationsareincreasing.2.(2018·全国I卷)...reducedtheriskofheartdiseaseandearlydeathsfromall____(cause).3.(2017江苏,34)Thedisappearanceofdinosaursisnotnecessarilycausedbyastronomicalincidents.Butalternative________________(explain)arehardtofind.4.(2016浙江,4)Itisimportanttopayyour_________________(electric)billontime,aslatepaymentsmayaffectyourcredit.5.(2016江苏,24)——Canyoutellusyourrecipefor_________________(happy)andalonglife?---Livingeverydaytothefull,definitely.6.(2016天津,2)Thedictionaryisoutof_________________:manywordshavebeenaddedtothelanguagesinceitwaspublished.7.(2015安徽,30)Thereisnoneedtotellmeyouranswernow.Giveitsome_________________(think)andthenletmeknow.8.(2015湖北,21)Whenhewasrunningafterhisbrother,theboylosthis_________________(balanced)andhadabadfall.9.(2015湖北,22)Hegavehimselfanewnametohidehis_________________(identify)whenhewenttocarryoutthesecrettask.10.(2015江苏,32)Someschoolswillhavetomake_________________(adjust)inagreementwiththenationalsoccerreform.11.(2015江苏,35)——GoandsaysorrytoyourMom,Dave.-I'dliketo,butI'mafraidshewon'tbehappywithmy_________________(apologize).12.(2015浙江,15)Oneofthemosteffectivewaystoreduce_________________(stressed)istotalkaboutfeelingswithsomeoneyoutrust. 13.(2014安徽,29)—Whynotbuyasecond-handcarfirstifyoudon'thaveenoughmoneyforanewone?-That'sagood_________________(suggest)14.(2014湖北,21)Her_________________(motivate)forwritingwasadesireforwomentogettherighttohighereducation.15.(2013江西,22)WheneverImademistakes,theteacherpointedthemoutwith_________________(patient).16.(2013天津,7)WhileshewasinParis,shedevelopeda_________________(tasty)forfineart.

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