阶段评估检测(六)(选修6～8)(120分钟150分)
第一部分 听力(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
Text1W:①Thiscoatquitefitsyou.Don’tyouthinkso?M:Yes,butthecolourisabitbright.Wouldyoupleaseshowmetheblackone?W:OK.1.Wherearethespeakers?A.Athome.B.Atschool.C.Inaclothingshop.答案:C
Text2M:Hello,Mary,canyouhavedinnerwithme?W:Iamsorry.②Ihaveaveryimportantexamtopreparefor.2.WhatdoesMarydo?A.Shestudiesforatest.B.Shehasdinner.C.Sheseesamovie.答案:A
Text3W:AreyoufreeonJulythe4th?M:Mm,notreally.Infact③I’llbefreeintwodays.3.Whenwillthemanbefree?A.OnJuly4.B.OnJuly6.C.OnJuly2.答案:B
Text4M:Howterribletheweatheris!④Idon’tlikerainydays.W:Yes.It’sterriblenow,butIthinkitwillgetbettersoon.Theradiosaystomorrowwillbesunny.4.What’stheweatherlikenow?A.It’swindy.B.It’ssunny.C.It’srainy.答案:C
Text5M:Thisonlineshoppingisfullofadvertising.Idon’tthinktheitemstheysellarehalfasgood.W:Comeon,Mike.Whysonegative?Wearethinkingofbuyingsomething,aren’twe?⑤Justhavingalookwon’tcostusmuch.5.Whatcanbeinferredfromtheconversation?A.Themanisunwillingtohavealook.B.Theitemsforsaleareofpoorquality.C.Theitemsaretooexpensiveforthemtobuy.答案:A
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。Text6M:Hello,Susan.Whereareyougoing?W:⑥Tothebasketballcourt.Asyouknow,we’llhaveagameagainstLincolnHighSchoolonFriday.Wemustspendmoretimepracticing.Whataboutyou?M:I’mgoingtothelibrary.W:⑦What’reyougoingtodothereonSunday?M:ReviewwhatIhavelearntbecausethemid-termtestisjustaroundthecorner.Haveagoodday!W:Goodbye.
6.WhatisSusangoingtodo?A.Reviewherlessons.B.Takethemid-termtest.C.Playbasketball.答案:C7.Whatdayisittoday?A.Friday.B.Sunday.C.Wednesday.答案:B
听第7段材料,回答第8至10题。Text7W:⑩Henry,haveyoufinishedyourannualworkreportonlow-carbonlifestyle?M:Notyet.AndIdon’tthinkIcanfinishittoday.W:⑩Why?Youcanworkonitthisafternoon.M:⑧Imustgotomeetmyfirstcustomerthisafternoon.I’mverynervous.Idon’tknowwhattodo.Couldyougivemesometips?W:Sure.Thefirstthingistotrytomakeagoodimpression.
M:HowdoIdothat?W:⑨Firmlyshakeyourcustomer’shandwhilegreetinghimwithasmile.Besuretokeepeyecontact.M:AndwhatelseshouldIdo?W:Preparewell.Geteverythingthatyouneedready.Andlastly,tellyourselfthateverythingwillgowell.M:OK,I’lldothat.Thankyou,Sara.You’vereallyhelped.
8.Whatwillthemandothisafternoon?A.Gotoaninterview.B.Workonareport.C.Meetacustomer.答案:C9.Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando?A.Wearabigsmile.B.Shakehandsfirmly.C.Avoidlongeyecontact.答案:B
10.What’sthemostprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Colleagues.B.Bossandsecretary.C.Husbandandwife.答案:A
听第8段材料,回答第11至13题。Text8W:Goodmorning,sir.⑪Ilearntfromafriendthatyouhaveanapartmentforrent.CanIseeitnow?M:Certainly.Pleasefollowme.W:OK.⑫Sohowmanybedroomsdoestheapartmenthave?M:⑫Two.It’snotaverybigapartment.Sothesittingroomissmall.W:That’sfinewithme.Idon’tneedaverybigapartment.M:Good.Sodoyoupreferlivingaloneorwithsomeone?
W:⑬IfIrentit,I’llshareitwitharoommateequallyandwe’llgohalvesontherent.Ican’taffordtherentalone.M:OK.Hereweare.Pleasetakeyourtimeandlookaround.W:Wow,itlooksnice.Howmuchistherent?M:⑬800dollarsamonth.W:OK.I’llrentit.
11.Howdidthewomanknowabouttheinformationabouttheapartmentforrent?A.OntheInternet.B.Fromafriend.C.Inthenewspaper.答案:B12.What’sintheapartment?A.Twobedrooms.B.Twobathrooms.C.Alargesittingroom.答案:A
13.Howmuchshouldthewomanpayfortheapartmenttobesharedwitharoommate?A.$1600permonth.B.$800permonth.C.$400permonth.答案:C
听第9段材料,回答第14至16题。Text9M:Linda,nextweekisyourMom’sfortiethbirthday.Doyouknow?W:OfcourseIdo.Howshallwecelebrateit?M:Firstofallabirthdaypresent.Whataboutbuyingher⑮abeautifuldress?W:That’sagoodidea.Itwouldmakeherlookyounger.Andabigbirthdaycaketoo,withfortycandles.M:That’sright.Shallwehaveaspecialdinner?W:HowaboutaChinesedinner?
M:Fine.Whereshouldwehaveit?W:⑭Wecanhaveitathome.I’velearnedtocookafewdishesfromaChinesefriend.I’msureMomwouldlikethem.M:Allright.Areyou⑯goingtodotheshoppingaswell?W:Whydon’twe⑯gotogether,Dad?M:OK.When?W:Howaboutthisafternoon?
14.Whereshouldtheyhavebirthdaydinner?A.Inahotel.B.Athome.C.Outside.答案:B15.WhatwillLinda’smotherreceiveforherbirthday?A.Adress.B.Ascarf.C.Flowers.答案:A
16.Whatwilltheydothisafternoon?A.Cookaspecialdinner.B.Holdabirthdayparty.C.Goshoppingtogether.答案:C
听第10段材料,回答第17至20题。Text10DoyoudrinkCoca-Cola?Theanswermustbe“yes”.Butdoyouknowthat⑰Colastartedoutnotasasoftdrink,butasadrugforheadachebackinthelateeighteenhundreds?JohnS.Pamberton,adoctorfromAtlanta,hadexperimentedformanymonthstofind⑱acureforthecommonheadache.Heworkedathishomemixingandheatingoilswithothermaterialsuntilhefoundonemixturethatseemedtohavegoodeffectsonheadache.
Hebeganto⑲sellthemixtureindrugstores.Thecustomershadtomixitwithwaterbeforedrinking.Then,howdidColachangefromadrugtoasoftdrink?Thatcameaboutquitebyaccident.Onedayapatientwhowassufferingfromheadachecameintoadrugstore.HeaskedforabottleofCola.Hewantedtotakeitrightaway,soheaskedtheclerktomixthemedicinewhilehewaited.Itsohappenedtherewasnoboiledwateratthestore.Theclerksuggested⑳mixingthedrugwithsodawater.Thecustomeragreed.Afterdrinkingit,thecustomersaidittastedwonderful.Theclerkcontinuedofferingthemixture,andColagraduallybecamepopular.
17.Whatdoesthespeakermainlydiscuss?A.ThehistoryofCola.B.Softdrinkproduction.C.Arecipeforasoftdrink.答案:A18.HowwasColaoriginallysold?A.Asasoftdrink.B.Asamedicine.C.Asacookingoil.答案:B
19.WhichofthefollowingistrueofJohnS.Pamberton?A.Hesufferedacommonheadache.B.Hewasadrugstoreclerk.C.HedevelopedColaasadrug.答案:B20.Howwasthedrugmadeintoasoftdrink?A.Bymixingitwithspecialoils.B.Byheatingit.C.Byaddingsodawater.答案:C
第二部分 阅读(共两节,满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。A(2021·武汉模拟)TheHarvardPre-CollegeProgramisaniceexperienceforhighschoolstudents.Alongsidepeers(同龄人)fromaroundtheworld,you’llbeintroducedtocollegelifeasyouattendclasses,liveoncampus,andenjoyfunoutingsandactivities.
◆LearningwithoutlimitsBiology,physics,law,writingandphilosophy—thesearejustafewofthe30-pluscoursesyoucanchoosefromineachsession.Inournoncreditclasses,wesetasidegradessothatyoucanfullycommittoyourgrowthasawell-roundedstudent.Classsizestypicallyrangefrom14to18studentstoencourageinteractivelearning.
◆LivingatHarvardWhenyouattendthePre-CollegeProgram,you’llliveinahistoricundergraduatehouse,nearHarvardSquare.YouwillbewithyourfellowPre-Collegestudents,residentdirectors,andproctors(监考人)whoprovidesupport.You’llalsoenjoymealsinoneofHarvard’sdininghalls,whichareashortwalkfromHarvardYardandprovidemanyoptionsforavarietyofdietaryneeds.
◆ThrivingoutsidetheclassroomThesummerPre-CollegeProgramoffersmanymentallychallengingco-curricularactivitiesbeyondtheclassroom.WithfacultyandHarvard-affiliatedexperts,youwillhavetheopportunitytoparticipateinworkshopsontopicslikethepsychologyofcolor-blindness,classicliteraturefromaroundtheworldandscienceofhappiness.FromourCambridgescavengerhunttoatriptotheSandSculptingFestivalatAmerica’sfirstpublicbeach,there’snoshortageoffunactivitiesinthePre-CollegeProgram.
【文章大意】本文是一篇应用文。哈佛大学的预科课程对高中生来说是个不错的体验。与来自全世界的学生一起,你将在这里快乐地学习、成长。21.Whatdoweknowaboutthe30-pluscourses?A.Youcanonlychoosefiveofthem.B.Theyprovidecreditsforstudents.C.Youshouldsetasideothersubjects.D.Theyassistyourfulldevelopment.【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据Learningwithoutlimits部分中的“...wesetasidegradessothatyoucanfullycommittoyourgrowthasawell-roundedstudent”可知,哈佛的预科课程会帮助高中生全面发展。
22.Wherecanyouenjoymealsduringtheprogram?A.NearHarvardSquare.B.ClosetoHarvardYard.C.Inoneoftheworkshops.D.Inanundergraduatehouse.【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据LivingatHarvard部分中的“You’llalsoenjoymealsinoneofHarvard’sdininghalls,whichareashortwalkfromHarvardYard...”可知,吃饭的地方离哈佛园很近。
23.Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?A.Toadvertisemeals.B.Tocommentonanactivity.C.Tointroduceaprogram.D.Torecommendcourses.【解析】选C。写作意图题。通读全文可知,本文介绍了哈佛大学的预科课程。
BItisastoryaboutfamily,loveandambition,butitopenswithadeath.“Lydiaisdead.Buttheydon’tknowthisyet.”ThesearetheopeninglinesofEverythingINeverToldYou.OnNov.8,thenovelwasnamedthebestbookbyAmazon,oneoftheworld’slargestonlinebookstores.Thebooktells“asadandmovingstorythatweallfellinlovewithfromthefirstline”,SaraNelson,EditorialDirectorofBooksatAmazon,toldTheGuardian.
Thestorybeginswithamissinggirlfounddeadatthebottomofalake.ThegirlisLydiaLee,appleofherfather’seyeandhermother’sfavoritedaughter.HerfatherJames,whoemigrated(移居)totheUSfromChina,isaprofessoratacollegeinOhio,US.HiswifeMarilyn,anAmerican,isaformerHarvardstudentwhohasputherambitionsonholdtoraisetheirthreechildren.
Beingthefavoriteofhermixed-racefamilyalsomeansthepressurecanbetoomuch.Lydiahastriedtotakeonherparents’unrealizedgoalsasherown.Forcingherselftostudyandfakinganinterestinthesciences,sheacceptsthatshewillhavetobecomethedoctorthathermotherdidn’t.Atthesametime,lonelyanddepressed,shefakesthekindofsociallifethatherfatherseesasthetopAmericanachievement.Butbyher16thbirthdayin1977,somethingterribleisdestinedtohappen.
EverythingINeverToldYouisthedebutwork(处女作)ofAmericanauthorCelesteNg.It“exploresthedivisionsbetweenculturesandtheproblemswithinafamily,andshowsthewaysinwhichparentsandchildrenstrugglealltheirlivestounderstandoneanother”,commentedAmazon.
【文章大意】本文为说明文。介绍了悬疑小说《无声告白》。24.WhichofthefollowingstatementsistrueofLydia?A.Sheiskeenonsciences.B.Sheisagirlofgreatambition.C.Herdreamistobecomeadoctor.D.Shetriestoliveuptoherparents’expectations.
【解析】选D。细节理解题。通过倒数第二段“Lydiahastriedtotakeonherparents’unrealizedgoalsasherown.Forcingherselftostudyandfakinganinterestinthesciences,sheacceptsthat...”和“shefakesthekindofsociallife...”可知,她把父母未实现的目标当成她自己的目标,尽量不辜负父母的期望。故选D。通过文章第一句话“Itisastoryaboutfamily,loveandambition,”可知这个小说是关于家庭、爱和抱负的,并不是说Lydia是一个雄心勃勃的女孩,不能偷换概念。故B项错误。
25.Whatcanwelearnaboutthenovel?A.It’sfullofloveandhappiness.B.Ithasanappealingbeginning.C.Itsthemeisculturaldiscrimination.D.It’sbasedontheauthor’slifeexperience.
【解析】选B。推理判断题。通过前两段“Itisastoryaboutfamily,loveandambition,butitopenswithadeath.“Lydiaisdead.Buttheydon’tknowthisyet.”ThesearetheopeninglinesofEverythingINeverToldYou.”可知,这部小说以Lydia的死亡开始,设置悬念。故选B。
26.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A.Lydia’sdeathistotallyunexpected.B.Lydia’sfatherthinkslittleofsociallife.C.Lydia’smothermakesgreatsacrificesforherchildren.D.Lydia’sparentsignoredtheunderstandingofeachother.
【解析】选C。推理判断题。文章第四段最后一句“HiswifeMarilyn,anAmerican,isaformerHarvardstudentwhohasputherambitionsonholdtoraisetheirthreechildren.”他妻子曾就读于哈佛大学,为了抚养三个孩子,暂时搁置了自己的抱负。可见,她为了孩子做出了很大牺牲。“Putonhold”意为“搁置”。故选C。【易错提醒】选项D是干扰项,要求考生查找细节,仔细甄别。通过文章最后一句“...andshowsthewaysinwhichparentsandchildrenstrugglealltheirlivestounderstandoneanother.”可知,它展示的是父母和孩子为理解彼此而努力一生的方式。不是“父母间彼此理解”,不能偷换概念。
27.Accordingtothetext,Lydia’sdeathprobablyresultedfrom_______.A.toomuchpressureB.hermixed-racefamilyC.thedivisionsbetweenculturesD.herparents’misunderstanding【解析】选A。细节理解题。通过倒数第二段内容可知,她压力太大,糟糕的事情注定会发生。故选A。
CInthemiddleofthe19thcentury,afeverdreamofrichesbeyondmeasuredrewcountlessexplorerswesttothemountainsofcentralCalifornia.Althoughthegoldrushendedupbeingabustformanywhosoughtafortune,someofthoseexplorersdiscoveredanaturaltreasurethatwoulddrawpermanentsettlerstoYosemiteValleyinthefollowingdecade.
Vastwilderness,beautifulmountains,countlesswaterfalls,andabundantwildlifedrewNativeAmericanstoYosemiteroughly10,000yearsago.Thefirstnon-nativetouristsarrivedinthemid-1850safterreportsfromgoldseekerstoldofanareaofbreathtakingbeautythatnowordswereabletodescribe.Fortunately,someofYosemite’searliestsettlersrecognizedthatYosemite’snaturalbeautyandresourcesneededtobepreservedforfuturegenerations.InthemidstoftheCivilWar,PresidentAbrahamLincolnsignedagranttoprotectYosemitepermanently,thusmakingitthenation’sfirstlandtobededicatedtorecreationandsettingthestageforwhatwouldbecomethenationalparksystem.
OneofYosemite’searliestambassadorswasScottish-AmericannaturalistandwriterJohnMuir.AfterlivinginYosemiteforafewyears,hehelpeddefineitsproposedboundaries.Healsowrotearticlesthathelpedleadtoitsofficialtitleasanationalparkin1890.Helaterco-foundedtheSierraClubin1892toadvocateforitscontinuedpreservationandprotection.
LocatedonthewesternslopeoftheSierraNevadamountainrangeincentralCalifornia,YosemiteNationalParkrunsacrossnearly748,000acres,almost95%ofwhichiswilderness.AroundfourmillionvisitorscometoYosemiteeachyeartocamp,hikeitsmilesoftrails,climbitsrockformations,andphotographitsimpressivesights.AreyoureadytovisitYosemiteNationalPark?WhichofYosemite’ssightswouldyoumostliketoexperience?
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了美国风景优美之地——约塞米蒂的历史以及约塞米蒂国家公园的特点。28.Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“bust”underlinedinParagraph1?A.Memory.B.Symbol.C.Failure.D.Challenge.【解析】选C。词义猜测题。根据Although和画线词后的“...someofthoseexplorersdiscoveredanaturaltreasure”以及历史知识可知,尽管淘金热最终以许多淘金者的失败而告终……但其中一些探索者发现了一个自然宝藏,由此可知画线词词义为“失败”。
29.Whendidthefirstnon-nativetouristscometoYosemite?A.Afteritwasdiscoveredbygoldseekers.B.Whenthegoldrushfinallycametoastop.C.BeforeNativeAmericansfounditsbeauty.D.Whenitbecameanationalparkin1890.【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Thefirstnon-nativetouristsarrivedinthemid-1850safterreportsfromgoldseekerstoldofanareaofbreathtakingbeautythatnowordswereabletodescribe.”可知,第一批非本地游客是在听淘金者说这里有难以用语言描绘的美景后来到约塞米蒂的。
30.WhatdowelearnaboutJohnMuir?A.Hewasthefirsttobuildthenationalpark.B.HehelpedsettheboundariesofYosemite.C.HewrotetocollectmoneyforYosemite.D.HegaveYosemiteanofficialname.【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第四段中的“AfterlivinginYosemiteforafewyears,hehelpeddefineitsproposedboundaries.”可知,在约塞米蒂居住多年后,JohnMuir帮助确定了约塞米蒂的边界。
31.WhatdoweknowaboutYosemiteNationalPark?A.IthasbeenwellpreservedsincetheCivilWar.B.Itwasoriginallycreatedtoprotectwildanimals.C.Itusedtobewell-knownforitsman-madebeauty.D.Itwasoncedamagedbysomeofitsearliestsettlers.【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据第三段中的“InthemidstoftheCivilWar,PresidentAbrahamLincolnsignedagranttoprotectYosemitepermanently...”可知,内战期间,林肯总统拨款永久保护约塞米蒂。由此可知,自内战期间起,约塞米蒂就得到了很好的保护。
【知识拓展】abundantadj.大量的;丰富的resourcen.资源permanentlyadv.永久地;不变地impressiveadj.令人赞叹的
DAscarmakerspushaheadwithself-drivingvehicles,anAustrianaerospacecompanyanditsChinesepartnershowedofftheirpilotless“flyingtaxi”forthefirsttimeinEuropeonThursday.Thedrone(无人驾驶飞机)hummedloudlyasitroseabovethegroundatVienna’sGeneraliArena,hometosoccerclubFKAustriaWien.Theslimplane,whichweighs750pounds,circledintheairbrieflyandcamedownwithinafewminutes.
“TheEHang216,whichcanseattwopassengers,hasbeentestedcomprehensivelyandisessentiallyreadyformassproduction,”saidDerrickXiong,co-founderofChinesedronemakerEHang.“Thedronecanflyatupto150kmperhourforalmosthalfanhour,”FACCAGChiefExecutiveOfficerRobertMachtlingersaid.“Itcantravelbetween50and70kilometersdependingontheload.”Thepassengercapsuleissmall,withlegroomthattallerpassengersmightfindlessthanadequate,anAustrianphotographerwhotookpartinademonstration(演示)flighttoldReuters.
Joiningtheracefornewautonomousaircraftservicesthatdonotrequirerunways,EHangenteredastrategicpartnershiplastyearwithAustria’sFACCAG,ownedbyChineseaerospacegroupAVIC,aimingtooffershort-distanceservicesforpassengers,industrialequipmentandurgentmedicaldeliveries.FACCAGsaysithasalreadyreceivedseveralthousandordersforthe$336,000drone,withthehighestdemandinChina.CompetitorsworkingtowardofferingautonomousflyingcarsearlyinthenextdecaderangefromaerospacecompanyAirbustoUberandAeroMobil.
“Technically...urbanmobility,flyingwithoutapilot,ispossible.It’snotadream,”saidMachtlinger.“Whatisstoppingusfromgoingintolargervolumes(量)isregulation,”headded.“Afuturelegalframeworkforautonomousflyingvehiclesshouldregulatecommunicationwithotherplanesandhelicoptersandprovidetrafficrules,”hesaid.Austriasupportsinternationaleffortstoquicklyestablishthenecessaryregulation,saidtransportministerNorbertHofer.HehopesthatAustriawillbetheplacewherethousandsoftheseairtaxiswillbebuiltandthatverysoonwewillseealotoftheseairtaxisintheair.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了奥地利航空公司和它的中国合作伙伴首次展示的无人驾驶“飞行出租车”的相关情况。32.WhatstageofdevelopmentistheEHang216at?A.It’sbeingtestedcomprehensively.B.It’sreadyformassproduction.C.It’sreadyfordemonstrationflights.D.It’sbeingadaptedtocustomerdemands.
【解析】选B。细节理解题。题干含意“EHang216处于什么发展阶段?”。根据题干中的关键词theEHang216定位到原文第三段第一句中的“TheEHang216,whichcanseattwopassengers,hasbeentestedcomprehensivelyandisessentiallyreadyformassproduction”可知,正确答案为B。
33.WhatdoweknowabouttheEHang216?A.Itsmaximumloadis750pounds.B.Itcancarrytwopassengers.C.Itcanflyforalmostanhour.D.Itcantravelover70kilometers.【解析】选B。细节理解题。题干含意“关于EHang216我们知道什么?”。由此可定位到原文第三段第一句中的“TheEHang216,whichcanseattwopassengers”可知,正确答案为B。
34.Whatisabigbarriertoawideruseofflyingtaxis?A.Technicalproblems.B.Objectionofthegovernment.C.Lackofrelatedrules.D.Competitionbetweenaerospacecompanies.【解析】选C。细节理解题。题干含意“对于更广泛地使用飞行出租车的一个大的障碍是什么?”。根据题干中的关键词abigbarrier定位到原文最后一段中的“Whatisstoppingusfromgoingintolargervolumes(量)isregulation”可知,正确答案为C。
【知识拓展】间接类事实细节题考法该类试题的选项不出现原文的直接信息,而是借助同义转换、概念解析、归纳事实等方法对原文信息进行适当变换。如第34题,文章中指出“飞行出租车”的一个大障碍是规则,即缺乏相关的规定。
35.HowdoestheauthorintroducetheEHang216?A.Bycomparingitwithsimilarproducts.B.Byexplaininghowitworks.C.Byprovidingspecificdataofit.D.Bydemonstratingitsmulti-functions.【解析】选C。推理判断题。题干含意“作者是如何介绍EHang216的?”。根据文中第三段的内容可知,作者是通过提供具体的载客量、飞行的具体距离和所需时长等数据来介绍EHang216的。
【知识拓展】熟词生义seat常用义:n.座位例句:Thefurniturehadn’tarrivedsowewereusingcratesasseats.家具还没送达,所以我们用大木箱当座位。文章义:vt.能容纳……人,可坐……人例句:Theaircraftseats200passengers.这架飞机能坐200名乘客。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。(2021·牡丹江模拟)FivesimplethingsthatareactuallycomplexTheprooffor“1+1=2”isover300pageslong.36Intheearly20thcentury,BertrandRussellwantedtoprovethatmathematicsworked,sohedecidedtostartwiththesimplestconceptandprove1+1=2.However,ittookthemathematicianandphilosopher372pagesofcomplexsums.
Definingtheword“the”isreallydifficult.Theword“the”isoneofthemostcommonwordsinEnglish.37Forexample,whydowesay,“Ihavetheflu,”butnot“Ihavetheheadache?”IntheOxfordEnglishDictionary,therearealmosttwodozendifferentwaysthewordcanbeusedinasentencecorrectly.
Yawning.Somepeoplesayweyawntokeepusalert(警觉的)bytakinginoxygen.However,variousexperimentshaveshownthatyawningactuallycoolsdownthebrain.38Asforwhyyawningiscontagious(感染性的),nooneknowsthateither.
Leftandrighthavebeenconfusingphilosophersforyears.Wouldyouexplaintheconceptofleftandrightintermsofyourrelativepositiontoawell-knownlandmark(地标性建筑)?39It’saquestionthathasbeenpuzzlingphilosophersforyearsbecause,withoutapointofreference,it’sdifficulttodefinewhatleftandrightactuallyare.
40You’dthinkthatthereasonweenjoythingsisbecauseitfeelsgoodinsomeway,butit’sonlyhalfthestory.There’safamousexperimentwherewineexpertswerefooledintothinkingacheapbottleofwinewasanoutstandingonejustbyswitchingthelabels.Theirenjoymentoftheproductwasn’tbasedonappreciationofwine—itwasbasedonthefactthattheyweretolditwasgoodwine.
A.Whatyoufeelmaynotbethetruth.B.Weenjoythingsforreasonsotherthanenjoyment.C.Butwhatifyouweretalkingtoonewhocouldn’tsee?D.Weallknowthatoneplusoneequalstwo,butdoyouknowwhy?E.Infact,thereisnouniversallyagreedtheoryforwhyweactuallyyawn.F.Maybeyou’drefertothemoveoftheEarthorsomethingcomparablyhuge.G.Mostofushaveprobablyneverstoppedtothinkabouthowstrangeaworditactuallyis.
【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章向我们介绍了五个看似简单,但实际上很复杂的事。36.【解析】选D。根据段落主旨句Theprooffor“1+1=2”isover300pageslong可知,这一段主要讲述的是1+1=2的问题。D项符合段落主旨,且以问句的形式引出下文关于1+1=2这个问题的具体内容。37.【解析】选G。该段落主要讲述的是英文单词the的定义和用法。G项谈论我们中的大多数人可能从来没有停止思考这个词到底有多奇怪。选项中的aword指代的是段落主旨句中的“the”,故选项符合段落主旨,且能够引起下文,下文通过例子讲述了这个词的用法到底有多奇怪。故选G。
38.【解析】选E。本段主要讲述的打哈欠的问题。E项中的yawn与段落主旨句Yawning呼应,符合段落主旨,讨论的是打哈欠的问题。故选E。39.【解析】选C。根据下文It’saquestionthathasbeenpuzzlingphilosophersforyears可知,空格处应该是一个问题。C项与本段主旨一致,讨论的是看不见的人如何区分左边和右边。
40.【解析】选B。根据You’dthinkthatthereasonweenjoythingsisbecauseitfeelsgoodinsomeway,butit’sonlyhalfthestory可知,本段主要讲的是我们到底为什么喜欢某件事物。B项符合文意。
【知识拓展】七选五的解题技巧1.先读文章的开始部分,明确文章的基本话题,然后仔细阅读五个空各自的前后句寻找并画出关键词。(一名(名词)袋(代词)鼠(数词)很特殊(特殊疑问词),连(连词)蹦(动词)带跳很彪(标点/标题)悍。)2.要对文章中出现的衔接手段保持敏感度。衔接手段分为三种:词汇衔接、逻辑衔接、结构衔接。可按这几个原则判断原文的空与选项是否匹配。3.一旦确定一个选项,就要在该选项上做出标记(例如可以删掉),以避免干扰和分散注意力。4.将选项代入到文章中重读,依据行文逻辑,再次确定选项。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。(2021·成都模拟)Afterhavingachild,Ifoundmyregularexerciseinterrupted.Iwasnotonlybusy,butIalsolackedthemotivation.Sologymsessionsorsomequick41followingtheDVDwhilethebabysleepsdidn’t42meatall.SoIdecidedtosignupforahikingtripinPeru,hopingthatitwouldgetme43again.
LookingovermytravelarrangementsbeforeIleft,I44phrasessuchas“3-hourhike45primitiveforests”and“slidingwitharopedownwaterfalls”,andIstartedtofeelalittle46.However,aswemadeourwaythroughtheforestsandwere47withamazingviewsof48waterfalls,thisteamofstrangers49metogoon.Beingphysicallyactivewithagroupmotivatedmetoreachthe50orthevalleybelow—ratherthansimplylyingdownontheforestfloorandgivingup,51ImighthavedoneifIwerealone.
52confirmmyexperience:Groupexercisecanreallystartanewattitudetowardfitness.“Peoplegetabetterworkoutinagroupthantheydoontheirown,”saidAllisonKimmel,agroup53instructor.That’sbecauseotherpeople54bothsupportandcompetition.“Humansaresocialanimalsandthesharedexperienceoffacingachallenge55iscompelling(不可抗拒的),”saidDavidEzell,theCEOoffitnessproviderDarienWellness.
【文章大意】本文讲述了作者因为生育养儿而中断健身,在参加了团队远足之后重归健康生活的故事,说明团队锻炼的好处。41.A.summaryB.additionC.exerciseD.lecture【解析】选C。summary总结;addition增加;exercise锻炼;lecture讲座。根据“Ifoundmyregularexerciseinterrupted”得知这里在说两种锻炼。故选C。
42.A.contributetoB.appealtoC.catertoD.objectto【解析】选B。contributeto促进;appealto吸引;caterto迎合;objectto反对。根据“SoIdecidedtosignupforahikingtripinPeru”得知前面的锻炼没有吸引力,自己才决定报远足旅行。故选B。43.A.actingB.flyingC.studyingD.moving【解析】选D。act表演;fly飞行;study学习;move移动。根据上文可知,我的常规锻炼被中断,希望自己再次动起来。故选D。
44.A.examinedB.scannedC.copiedD.deleted【解析】选B。我在出发前查看了“3小时徒步穿过原始森林”和“在瀑布中带绳滑行”这些词语。examine检查;scan浏览;copy复印;delete删除。故选B。45.A.acrossB.overC.throughD.beyond【解析】选C。across横过;over到另一边,翻越;through穿过;beyond超出。根据下文“madeourwaythroughtheforests”得知穿越内部用介词through,故选C。
46.A.convincedB.disappointedC.delightedD.worried【解析】选D。convinced信服的;disappointed失望的;delighted高兴的;worried担心的。根据“However,aswemadeourwaythroughtheforests...metogoon.”可以判断出作者最初有点担心,然而美景和刺激令作者感觉不虚此行。故选D。
47.A.rewardedB.crowdedC.coveredD.equipped【解析】选A。我们欣赏到了奇妙的瀑布景观。reward奖励;crowd挤满;cover覆盖;equip装配。berewardedwith被赏以……,得到……报酬,获得……。故选A。48.A.awfulB.awesomeC.accessibleD.still【解析】选B。awful可怕的;awesome很棒的;accessible可到达的;still静止的。根据“amazingviewsof”得知此处指“景色很棒”,故选B。
49.A.beggedB.forcedC.permittedD.inspired【解析】选D。beg祈求;force强迫;permit允许;inspire激励。根据下文“withagroupmotivatedmetoreach”得知这里是表示鼓励,故选D。50.A.summitB.footC.destinationD.waterfall【解析】选A。summit顶点,山顶;foot脚;destination目的地;waterfall瀑布。空格处和orthevalleybelow形成了对比。故选A。
51.A.thatB.whichC.whereD.when【解析】选B。分析句子结构可知,此处为定语从句,指代前面一件事,定语从句中缺少宾语,且空前有逗号,用which引导,故选B。52.A.VictimsB.TouristsC.StrangersD.Experts【解析】选D。根据后文中的“AllisonKimmel,DavidEzell”可知此处是说专家证明我的健身经历是有效的。victim受害人;tourist游客;stranger陌生人;expert专家。故选D。
53.A.businessB.careerC.flightD.fitness【解析】选D。business商务;career事业;flight航班;fitness健康。根据说话内容可以判断出是健康锻炼方面的专家。故选D。54.A.offerB.consumeC.receiveD.ignore【解析】选A。这是因为其他人能提供支持和竞争。offer提供;consume消费;receive收到;ignore忽视。这里是指参加团队锻炼时,队员们可以做到的事情。故选A。
55.A.aloneB.alikeC.togetherD.closely【解析】选C。alone独自;alike相像地;together一起;closely亲密地。此处强调团队锻炼的优点,共同面对挑战时一起分享经验是不可抗拒的。故选C。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Volunteeringcan,infact,helpyoureducestress,learnskills,findnewfriends,andmakearealdifferenceinyournewcommunity.Ifyougiveit56._______try,itmightopenthedoortoarevolutionarytimeinyourlife.Volunteeringbringsjoytoothers.Youhavecleanwater,clothing,footwear,food,andaccesstofree57._______(educate).Maybeit’stimetogivebackalittle.Useyourskills58._______(make)arealdifferenceinyourcommunity.
Doyouliketoread?Consider59._______(teach).Doyouloveanimals?Workatananimalshelter.Areyouhandy?Volunteertobuildhousesandschoolsforthelessfortunate.Whenyouvolunteer,youwillfindthethingsthatdriveyouandmake60._______(you)heartpoundwithexcitement.Itchangesyourview.Anditcanalsohelpyourealize61._______youaretrulysupposedtodoinyourlife.
Helpingothersandbeing62._______(use)canbringyouhighsatisfactionandmotivation,63._______arethefoundationforhealthymindandbody.Thesocialcontactaspectofvolunteeringcanhaveapowerfuleffectonyouroverallwell-being.Afterall,nothingfightsstress64._______(well)thanarealconnectionwithalike-mindedperson.Volunteeringwillmakeyoufeelgood.Itwillhelpyouappreciatetheamazing,generouslifeyou65._______(give),anditwillhelpyougrowasaperson.
【文章大意】志愿服务可以帮助你减轻压力,学习技能,找到新的朋友,并在你的新社区中发挥真正的作用。56.【解析】a。考查冠词。givesth.atry“试一下”。57.【解析】education。考查名词。根据前面的形容词可知,此处要用名词形式。58.【解析】tomake。考查非谓语动词。此处作目的状语,所以用动词不定式。59.【解析】teaching。考查非谓语动词。considerdoingsth.“考虑做某事”。60.【解析】your。考查代词。heart是名词,所以用形容词性物主代词。
61.【解析】what。考查名词性从句。所填的词引导宾语从句并在从句中作宾语,所以用what。62.【解析】useful。考查形容词。being是连系动词,所以用形容词。63.【解析】which。考查关系代词。所填的词引导非限制性定语从句并在从句中作主语,所以填which。64.【解析】better。考查比较级。根据后面的than可知,此处用比较级。65.【解析】havebeengiven。考查时态与语态。此处表示你已经被给予的生活,所以用现在完成时的被动语态。
第四部分 写作(共两节,满分40分)第一节(满分15分)假定你是李华,今天是外教MrSmith回国前最后一次给你班上课。现在,请你代表全班发言。内容包括:1.表达感激之情;2.回忆各种收获;3.表达不舍与祝福。
注意:1.词数80个左右;2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【参考范文】DearMrSmith,IamLiHua.Atthismoment,I’mhonoredtoexpressoursincerethankstoyouonbehalfofmyclassmates.Wedoappreciateeverythingthatyouhavedoneforus.WehavebeenveryluckytohaveyouasourEnglishteacherinthepastyears.Withyourhelp,everyonehasmadeprogressinbothEnglishlearningandschoollife.Wehaveenjoyedyourteachingandguidancealot.Yourhumorousstories,bigsmilesandencouragingwordshavealreadyrootedinourmemories.
Sinceyouwillleavesoon,wewishyouapleasantjourneybackhomeandahappylifethere.Wewillmissyou.Thanksagain,MrSmith.Yours,LiHua
第二节(满分25分)阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。(2021·成都模拟)ASimpleThankIhavebeenintheteachingprofessionmorethanthirtyyears,andoneofthebestteachersIhaveeverknownwasMrRowe.Iwasluckyenoughtoco-teachfourthgradewithhim.
MrRowehadinfinitepatienceandunderstandingandIlearnedsomuchfromwatchinghim.Hecouldperformmiracles,liketheoneheperformedwithSteven,oneoftheunhappiestkidsIeversaw.Stevencouldn’tstandschool.Hedidn’tlikebeingpickedlastforkickball.Hedidn’tlikethekidswhoraisedtheirhandsandknewalltheanswers,andmostimportantly,hedidn’tlikehimself.ThefirstdayhewalkedintoMrRowe’sclassroom,heignoredtheotherstudents,lookingangryandannoyed,andslidintohischair,knockingacoupleoftextbooksontothefloor.
MrRowewalkedovertohimandtouchedSteven’sshoulder,butStevenpulledaway.Nevertheless,MrRowewelcomedhim,“Hi,Steven.I’mhappyyouareinmyclass.Wearegonnahaveagreatyear.”StevenlookedaroundtheroomasifMrRowemustbemistaken.NoteacherinhisrightmindwouldwantSteventobepartofhisclassroom.So,whileMrRoweseemedcheerfulandrelaxedthatdayofschool,itseemedlikeStevenwasangryandconfused.
Thatdayafterclasses,MrRowechoseSteventopitchthekickballatrecess.“Hey,Steven,”MrRowecommented,“Youaregoodatpitching.Letmeshowyoumysecrettrick.”MrRowetaughtStevenoneofthetricksthatnotasinglekidcouldperform.Stevenlearnedfastanddidquitewell!Everyonecheeredforhim!Afterthekickball,StevensatasclosetoMrRoweinclassesashecould.Whenaquestionwasasked,Stevenlitup;heknewtheanswer!Heraisedhishands.Whenheansweredthequestion,hisvoiceshook.However,hegottheanswerright!Hesaid,withMrRowe,hisdaysofthefourthgradepromisedwonderful.
Thatwasnottosaythateverydaywentsmoothly,butitwasevidentthatStevengrewtoloveMrRowemoreandmorewitheachpassingday.
注意:续写词数应为150左右。Timepassedquicklythatyear,andbeforeweallknewit,itwasthelastdayofschool.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Manyyearslater,MrRoweandIweresurprisedwhenahandsomeyoungmanwalkedintoourclassroom,dressedintheMarineCorps(海军)uniform._________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【参考范文】Timepassedquicklythatyear,andbeforeweallknewit,itwasthelastdayofschool.Ourschoolhadaveryspecialtraditiononthelastday.Alltheteachersfilledthesidewalk,wavinggoodbyetothekidsasthebusespulledoutwiththeirhornshonking.Butonthatparticularday,Stevenwalkedslowlytothebus,hisheaddown,tearsinhiseyes.Heboardedthebusreluctantly,hesitated,andthenranbackoffthebustohugMrRowe,“Idon’twanttoleaveyou.”Hesobbed.Withred-rimmedeyes,MrRowecomfortedhim,“Iwillmissyou,too.”
您好，谢谢观看！
Manyyearslater,MrRoweandIweresurprisedwhenahandsomeyoungmanwalkedintoourclassroom,dressedintheMarineCorps(海军)uniform.Theyoungmanstoodtallandproud.ItwasSteven!MrRoweandIcouldn’tbelieveoureyes.HesalutedandhuggedMrRowetightly!“Ihavecomebacktoschooltodayjusttosaythankstoyou!”ItismyhopethateveryteacherisblessedwithsuchanexperienceofaformerstudentcomingbacksimplytosayaverysimpleTHANKS.
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