Unit5 Thepowerofnature 主题:人与自然 子话题:自然灾害与防治 对应教材:必修1 Unit4 Earthquakes;选修6 Unit5 Thepowerofnature重点单词·巧记Ⅰ.核心单词1.wave n.波浪;波涛vi.波动;起伏;挥手2.absoluteadj.绝对的;完全的3.actualadj.实在的;实际的4.candidaten.候选人;候补者5.shootvt.射中;射伤6.sweatn.汗vi.出汗7.guaranteevt.保证;担保8.preciousadj.贵重的;珍贵的9.tremblevi.摇晃;摇动;颤抖10.panicvi.&vt.惊慌n.惊慌;恐慌11.threatn.恐吓;威胁Ⅱ.拓展单词1.eruptvi.(指火山)爆发;突然发生→eruptionn.火山爆发;(战争等)爆发 2.equipvt.装备;配备→equipmentn.设备;装备3.appointvt.任命;委派→appointmentn.约会,约定;任命,委任4.evaluatevt.评估;评价;估计→evaluationn.评估;评价5.suitn.一套外衣;套装vt.适合;使适宜→suitableadj.合适的6.threatn.恐吓;威胁→threatenv.威胁;恐吓7.anxiousadj.忧虑的;不安的→anxietyn.担心;焦虑;渴望8.diverseadj.多种多样的;不同的→diversityn.多种多样;多样性9.appreciatevt.欣赏;感激→appreciationn.欣赏;感激;感谢10.unconsciousadj.失去知觉的;未察觉的→unconsciouslyadv.未察觉地→consciousadj.有知觉的;有意识的→consciouslyadv.有意识地
核心短语·闪记1.protect...from... 保护……免受……2.beappointedas被委派为…… 3.burntotheground全部焚毁 4.beabouttodosth.马上就要做某事 5.makeone’sway前往 6.inpanic惊慌地 7.glancethrough匆匆看一遍 8.varyfrom...to...由……到……不等 9.behometo是……的栖息地;为……的所在地 10.givebirthto生产;产生 11.haveagiftforsth.有……天赋 12.takenoticeof...注意到…… 13.berewardedwith用……奖赏 14.beenthusiasticabout对……充满热情 15.besuitablefor适合…… 经典句式·速记1.【句型公式】:beaboutto...when...正要做……这时……Iwasabouttogobacktosleepwhen(刚要再睡,这时)suddenlymybedroombecameasbrightasday. 2.【句型公式】:havingdone...,+句子.现在分词的完成时作原因状语Havingexperiencedquiteafewearthquakes(经历了几次地震后)inHawaiialready,Ididn’ttakemuchnotice. 3.【句型公式】:It’ssaidthat+句子“据说”Itissaidthat(据说)thisboy,whohadagreatgiftforlanguagesandpersuasion,isthefatheroftheManchupeople. 4.【句型公式】:“find+oneself+过去分词”复合结构Afterwehadstoppedthecar,wefoundourselvestrappedinthickfog(发现我们被困在浓雾中)andcouldn’tseeclearlyahead.
1.构词法:后缀-ment名词小结①equipment 设备;装备②advertisement广告③announcement通知;通告④achievement功绩;成就⑤punishment惩罚⑥treatment对待;治疗⑦appointment任命;约定⑧requirement要求2.“职场”高频动词荟萃①appoint任命②employ雇用③dismiss解雇④hire雇用⑤fire解雇;开除⑥resign辞职⑦retire退休⑧promote晋升Ⅰ.细品味经典文章Natureiskindofalovingmother,butalsoabutcherincoldblood.-VictorHugo Formanyyears,humanbeingshavebeentryingtoconquernature,butneversucceeded.What’smore,sometimesnaturegetsangry.Itshowsitspowerandteacheshumanbeingsdifferentlessonsbyvariousmeans,suchasearthquakes,floods,hurricanes,sandstorms,typhoons,droughts,landslides,tornadoes,volcanoes,andsoon.Anyofthemcanleadtoterriblecatastrophes.Forexample,onMarch11,2011,ahugeearthquakehitJapan,resultinginaterribletsunamiafterwards.Manycars,shipsandbuildingsweresweptawaybyaten-metre-highwallofwater.Thousandsof
peoplewereconfirmeddead.Thetotalenergyreleasedbythequakewasaboutathousandtimesthetotalpowerofalltheworld’snuclearweapons.Anothereventwasthe“hugevolcaniceruptioninIceland”in2010.ItcausedenormousdamagetoairtravelacrosswesternandnorthernEuropebecauseofthelargequantitiesofvolcanicash.Allofthesethingsshowhowpowerfulnatureis. Comparedwiththegreatpowerofnature,humanbeingsaresoweakandevensohelplessinfaceofthedestructioncausedbynaturaldisasters.Itwouldbeunwiseofustofightagainstoreventrytoconquernature.Onthecontrary,weshouldtrytolearnhowtolivewithnaturepeacefully.Ⅱ.按要求完成任务1.写出文章中与“自然”相关的单词和短语。Earthquakes,floods,hurricanes,sandstorms,typhoons,droughts,landslides,tornadoes,volcanoes,tsunami,naturaldisasters. 2.AccordingtoHugo’sopinion,whatdoeshethinkhumanbeingscanconquernature?Itseemsridiculousforhumantoconquernature. Ⅰ.重点词汇1.equipmentn.[U]设备;装备【教材原句】Sometimesworkingoutdoors,sometimesinanoffice,sometimesusingscientificequipmentandsometimesmeetinglocalpeopleandtourists,Iamneverbored.(P34)有时在户外工作,有时在办公室工作,有时使用科学设备,有时会见当地人和游客,我从不感到无聊。【词块必记】(1)apieceofequipment 一件设备(2)equipsb.withsth.用……装备某人equipsb.forsth.使具备……条件/能力equipsb.todosth.使某人能够做某事(3)beequippedtodosth.(某人)能够做某事
beequippedwith装备/具备……【误区释疑】equipment为不可数名词,没有复数,也不能直接加不定冠词。通常只作不可数名词使用的还有:fun,advice,news,information,luggage,furniture,homework,weather,progress等。【语境速测】单句语法填空①Acomputeristhemostimportantpieceofequipment(equip)youwillbuy.②Youngpeopleshouldequipthemselveswithadvancedtechnology.→Youngpeopleshouldbeequipped(equip)withadvancedtechnology. ③Wemustequipyoungteacherstodeal(deal)withdifficultchildren. →Wemustmakeyoungteachersequipped(equip)todealwithdifficultchildren.④IgetverynervousbecauseI’musingalotofexpensiveequipment(equip).完成句子⑤Thesoldiersareequippedwiththelatestweapons. 士兵们配备着最新式的武器。2.appointvt.委派;任命;指定;约定;确定【教材原句】IwasappointedasavolcanologistworkingfortheHawaiianVolcanoObservatory(HVO)twentyyearsago.(P34)二十年前,我被任命为夏威夷火山观测站的火山学家。【词块必记】(1)appointsb.tobe/as... 任命某人(某职)appointsb.todosth.委派某人做某事appointtime/placefor...安排时间/地点……(2)appointedadj.约定的;指定的(3)appointmentn.任命;约会;约定have/makeanappointmentwithsb.约见某人;与某人约会【语境速测】单句语法填空①Wemustappointsomebodytofinish(finish)thetoughtask.
②Annie,disabled,isattendedthroughoutherschooldaysbyanurseappointed(appoint)toguardher.③I’vegotacoldandI’llmakeanappointment(appoint)withmydoctor.句式升级④Hewasappointedaspresidentoftheuniversityyesterday,sohefeltveryhappy.→Appointedaspresidentoftheuniversityyesterday,hefeltveryhappy.(用过去分词短语作状语) 3.anxiousadj.忧虑的;不安的【典型例句】Parentsarenaturallyanxiousabouttheirchildren.父母自然为他们的孩子担心。【词块必记】(1)beanxiousfor/about 为……担心/担忧beanxioustodosth.急于做某事(2)anxietyn.担心;焦虑;渴望withanxiety=anxiously焦虑地;不安地【巧学助记】Mydaughterstudiesveryhard,becausesheisanxioustogotocollege.Butsheisanxiousaboutnotpassingtheentranceexam.Iamanxiousthatsheshouldgetridofanxiety.我女儿学习很努力,因为她渴望上大学。但她担心不能通过入学考试。我渴望她能消除焦虑。【语境速测】单句语法填空①Anxiously(anxious)IwenttobeddreamingaboutwhatIwouldfindatthetopofthismagicalmountain.②Insteadofblamingme,heaskedmewithanxietywhatwasgoingon.句式升级③Shelookedathersickchildandwasveryanxious.→Shelookedathersickchild,veryanxious.(用形容词短语作状语改写)
【写作金句】Anxiousandfrightened,Janestoodonhertiptoestogettheropeasifitwasthelaststrawofhope.简又担心又害怕,踮起脚尖去抓绳子,好像那是最后一根救命稻草。4.panicvi.&vt.使惊恐;惊慌n.惊慌;恐慌【教材原句】Ifeltverynervousandhadtoforcemyselfnottopanic.(P38)我感到非常紧张,不得不强迫自己不要惊慌。【词块必记】(1)panicsb.intodoingsth. 使某人(因惊惶)仓促行事(2)getintoapanic陷入恐慌(动作)beinapanic陷入恐慌(状态)【误区释疑】panic的过去式和过去分词都是“panicked”。【语境速测】单句语法填空①Hepanickedover/atthisaccident.②Hearingthegun,thedeerwaspanicked(panic)intorunningstraightfortheheadlights. ③Shegotintoapanicwhenshecouldn’tfindthetickets.④Thegirlisinapanic.Trytohelphercalmdown.【写作金句】Wheneverpeoplemakedecisionswhentheyareinpanic,theconsequencesarerarelypretty.每当人们在恐慌中做出决定时,其结果往往是糟糕的。Ⅱ.核心短语5.makeone’sway前往;到(某地)【教材原句】Itwasnoteasytowalkinthesesuits,butweslowlymadeourwaytotheedgeofthecraterandlookeddownintothered,boilingcentre.(P35)
穿着这些衣服走路很不容易,但我们慢慢地走到火山口的边缘,向下看红色沸腾的岩浆。【词块必记】fightone’sway 奋力前进loseone’sway迷路feelone’sway摸索前进pushone’sway挤出来windone’sway蜿蜒前进【语境速测】完成句子①Astreamiswindingitsway(蜿蜒前行)throughthevalleyintotheriver. ②Althoughhedidn’tknowLondonwell,hemadehisway(前往)easilytotheairport. ③Shegraduallyfoughtherwayto(奋斗)thetopofthecompany. 【写作金句】Welostourwayintheforestandwhatmademattersworsewasthatnightbegantofall.Wehadnoalternativebuttofeelourwayhome.我们在森林里迷了路,更糟糕的是夜幕开始降临。我们别无选择,只能摸索着回家。Ⅲ.经典句式6.Theothertwoclimbeddownintothecratertocollectsomelavaforlaterstudy,butthisbeingmyfirstexperience,Istayedatthetopandwatchedthem.另外两个人爬入火山口,收集一些熔岩供后续的研究,但这是我的第一次经历,我一直待在山顶,看着他们。 【句型公式】独立主格结构的常用形式:【误区释疑】
在该结构中的过去分词表示其前的名词或代词被动或完成的动作;不定式表示将来要发生的动作;现在分词表示主动或进行的动作。【语境速测】单句语法填空①Theguideleading(lead)theway,wehadnotroublegettingoutoftheforest.②Theplansuccessfullycarried(carry)out,everythingworkedoutperfectly.③Suchanablemantohelp(help)you,youwillsurelysucceedsoonerorlater. 【写作金句】Iheardthathegotinjuredintheaccident,myheartfullofworry.听说他在事故中受伤,我内心充满忧虑。【备选要点】1.guaranteevt.保证;担保n.保证;担保;保修单【典型例句】Onlyyouturnyourcomplaintsofenvironmentsintostrengthtostriveforthebetteristheguaranteeofsuccess.只有把你对环境的抱怨转化为精益求精的力量,才是成功的保证。【词块必记】(1)guaranteetodosth. 保证做某事guaranteesb.sth./guaranteesth.tosb.向某人保证某事(2)underguarantee在保修期内【语境速测】单句语法填空①Weshouldpayattentiontosmalldetails,whichcanguaranteetosucceed(succeed)intheend. ②Thedigitalcameraisstillunderguarantee,sowewouldrepairitatourexpense.【写作金句】Asforpreparation,readingsomeChinesenovelsinadvancewillguaranteeyoucanadapttotheChineselanguageenvironment.在准备方面,提前读一些中文小说可以保证你能适应中文环境。
2.varyfrom...to...由……到……不等【典型例句】Pricesvaryfromoneshoptoanother.各家商店价格不同。【词块必记】(1)varyin... 在……(大小、形状等)上不同varywith/by随……变化/改变(2)variousadj.各种各样的(3)varietyn.种类avarietyof/varietiesof各种各样的【语境速测】单句语法填空①Ilikereadingverymuch,especiallythestorybooks,varying(vary)fromChinesestoriestoEnglishstories.②Thegoodsvaryfromtoystoelectricdevicesinthesupermarket.Youcanalsogetvarious(vary)beddingandvarieties(vary)ofvegetables.③Thoughonthesamefamily,thebirdvariesinsizeandcolor.3.Irusheddownstairsonlytoseemyhostesslyingunconsciousonthefloor,surroundedbyherguests. 我冲下楼,却看到女主人昏迷躺在地上,周围都是客人。【句型公式】“only+动词不定式”,在句中作结果状语,表示出人意料的结果。【误区释疑】不定式和现在分词作结果状语的区别(1)onlytodo作结果状语时,表示其动作发生在谓语动词之后,往往表示未曾预料到的或令人不快的结果;(2)现在分词作结果状语时,表示伴随谓语动作的发生而产生的自然结果。【语境速测】完成句子①Heliftedarockonlytodropitonhisownfeet(结果掉在自己的脚上了). ②Jackhasmadegreatprogress,makinghisparentspleased(让他父母很开心). ③Theyreachedthecompanyoutofbreathonlytobetold(结果被告知)theywerefired.
Ⅰ.单句语法填空1.(2020·全国Ⅰ卷)WhileQueenslandRailmakeseveryefforttoensuretrainsrunasscheduled,therecanbenoguaranteeofconnectionsbetweentrainsorbetweentrainservicesandbusservices.2.(2020·浙江高考)However,avariety(various)oftypesisrepresentedhere.Theseincludecomedy,satire,poignantdrama,historicalandregionaldrama.3.(2020·浙江高考)Lambandmotherreunited,Iturnedbacktothetractoronlytosee(see)itmovesuddenlyawayfromme. 4.(2020·天津高考)Thetwosetsofwaves(wave)canceleachotherout.Simplyturnthemachineonpointitatthetarget,andyourpeaceandquietcomesback.Ⅱ.完成句子1.Hedidn’tdaretolookhismotherintheeyes.Hemurmured,“Ididn’tstealanythingfromMrSmith.”Obviously,therewasaslighttrembleinhisvoice. 他不敢直视他的母亲,小声地嘟囔:“我没从史密斯先生那里偷东西。”显然,他的声音中有一丝颤抖。2.Janewavedheryellowblousehard,hopingtobespottedbythehelicopter. 简用力地挥动她的黄衬衫,希望被那架直升机看到。3.Tom’swife,Jane,lostherwayintheforest.Shehadnoalternativebuttowaitforrescue.AnxiouslyTommadehiswaytotheforestinsearchofher. 汤姆的妻子简在森林里迷路了。她别无选择,只能等待救援。汤姆焦急地前往森林寻找她。4.Thepointofthecompetitionistoencourageallpeopletospottheirhiddenpotential. 这项比赛的意义是鼓励所有人发现他们的隐藏的潜力。5.Asforpreparation,readingsomeChinesenovelsinadvancewillguaranteeyouanadvantageoverotheroverseasstudents.在准备方面,提前阅读一些中国小说将保证你比其他海外学生有优势。 Ⅲ.语法填空(黑体词为本单元重点词汇)
Thedisastersthatnaturebringshumansvaryfromfloods1.toearthquakes.Everytimeabigdisasterhappens,itwillgetpeople2.intoapanicandwhatpeopleareanxious3.aboutisjusthowtostruggletolive.Someevenhavenotime4.toglance(glance)throughtheirbelongingsbeforetheyarekilled.Butotherswhoareluckyaretofightagainstthedisastersuntiltheend! Forthesurvivors,althoughthey5.areguaranteed(guarantee)thesafetyoftheirlivesbytherescueteam,theyalsodesiretomake6.their(they)waytowheretheyareneededmosttogivetheirhands.Tothesurvivors’relief,agreatnumberofrescueteams7.areappointed(appoint)torescuepeople’slivesandpropertyinthedisaster-hitareas8.immediately(immediate)thedisasteroccurs.Forus,weprayforthemandcontributesomemoneytothem9.tosuit(suit)theirneeds.Peoplefromallpartsofthecountry10.offering(offer)help,thesurvivorsaredeterminedtoovercomeallkindsofdifficultiesandrebuildtheirhomes.
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