优选Module4 ASocialSurvey—MyNeighbourhood(主题语境：人与社会——历史、社会与文化)基础知识·全面回顾JICHUZHISHIQUANMIANHUIGU●Ⅰ单词分类巧记阅读词汇认读1．surveyn．__调查；测验__2．localadj.__地方的；局部的__3．prettyadv.__很；相当__4．soundvi.__听起来__5．architecturen.__建筑__6．parkvt.__停车__核心词汇识记1．__bother__vt.打扰；烦扰；麻烦2．__approach__vt.接近3．__exchange__vt.交换4．__afford__vt.买得起；有能力支付5．__attractive__adj.有吸引力的；吸引人的→__attract__vt.吸引→__attraction__n.吸引6．__fortunate__adj.幸运的；吉祥的→__fortunately__adv.幸运地→__fortune__n.运气；财富7．__unemployed__adj.失业的；没有工作的→__employ__vt.雇用→__employment__n.就业；工作；职业→__employer__n．雇主→__employee__n．雇员8．__occupation__n.职业→__occupy__vt.使用；占用9．__fascinating__adj.迷人的；吸引人的→__fascinated__adj.入迷的；极感兴趣的→-17-/17
优选__fascination__n.魅力10．__survive__vi.幸存；死里逃生；大难不死→__survival__n.幸存→__survivor__n.幸存者 用所给词的适当形式填空1．Itwas__fortunate__ofthemtomakea__fortune__bytradingwithforeigners.Andmore__fortunately__forthem，theyweresupportedbythegovernment.(fortunate)2．TheGreatWallisan__attraction__，whosesceneryisvery__attractive__，andit__attracts__alargenumberoftouristseveryday.(attractive)3．Onlytwopassengers__survived__theaircrash.Whenthetwo__survivors__wereinterviewed，theysaidtheir__survival__wasamiracle.(survive)4．Therewassuchhigh__unemployment__inthecitythatsome__employers__decidedto__employ__more__employees__.(unemployed)5．The__fascination__ofthehandsomeman__fascinated__her，sotheofferwasso__fascinating__thatshefoundnoexcusetorefuseit.(fascinate)●Ⅱ短语互译速记1．修建__putup__2．到目前为止__sofar/uptonow/tillnow__3．摆脱__getawayfrom__4．做成；成功；及时到达__makeit__5．payback__偿还；归还__6．agreatmany/anumberof__许多；大量__7．asaresult__结果__8．goup__上升__ 选用上述短语填空1．Alotofhigh-risebuildingshavebeen__putup__inmyhometowninthepast-17-/17
优选fiveyears.2．Theauthortakesnovelreadingasawayto__getawayfrom__aconfusingworld.3．Watchinghundredsofballoonsslowly__wentup__intothesky，thecrowdgotexcited.4．Ithoughthewouldbetoooldtogettothetopofthemountain，buthe__madeit__atlast.5.Ilenthimsomemoneylastweekbutheforgotto__payback__.1．“迷人的”家庭(1)attractiveadj.有吸引力的(2)charmingadj.可爱的；迷人的(3)fascinatingadj.吸引人的；迷人的(4)catchingadj.有魅力的2．不同“命运”(1)fortunen．运气；命运(2)faten．命运；结局(3)destinyn．命运；天命；定数3．“交通”种种(1)trafficn．交通(2)transportationn．交通；运输(3)transportn．交通工具；运输途径4．it习语总结(1)makeit成功；及时赶到(2)asitis事实上；实际上(3)beworthit值得；有好处-17-/17
优选(4)That’sit！就是这样！(5)getit明白；理解5．短语“摆脱”的不同表达(1)getawayfrom(2)getridof(3)breakawayfrom(4)getoutof6．如此“成功”(1)makeit成功；及时到达(2)managetodo设法成功做到(3)beabletodo做成；做到(4)succeedindoing成功做到●Ⅲ佳句精析精练1．It’sbeensixyearssincewelastsaweachother，youknow.你知道自从我们上次见面到现在已经六年了。[精析] since引导时间状语从句可以与表示一段时间的主句连用。2．AndthisisthefirsttimeI’vevisitedyourhometown.这是我第一次参观你的家乡。[精析] Thisisthefirsttime(that)．..意为“某人第一次做某事”，从句中谓语要用现在完成时。3．What’stheclimatelike?这里的天气怎么样？[精析] What’s...like？用于询问“……的状况”。4．Citiesareinteresting，andtheycanbebeautiful，buttheyareneverbeautifulinthewaythatthecountrysideisbeautiful.城市很有趣，也会很美丽，但它们的美永远不会是乡村的那种美。-17-/17
优选[精析] thatthecountrysideisbeautiful是定语从句，修饰先行词theway。[句式仿写]根据上述句式完成句子1．你来我们学校参加文化交流项目已经两个星期了，这对我们双方都有很大的好处。__Ithasbeentwoweeks__sinceyoucametoourschoolfortheculturalexchangeprogram，whichbenefitsbothofusalot.2．这是我第一次面对面见到这位著名的演员。Thisisthefirsttimethat__Ihaveseen__thefamousactorfacetoface.3．宇宙飞船是什么样子的？__What’saspaceshiplike？__4．他回答问题的方式令人吃惊。__Theway(that/inwhich)heansweredthequestions__wassurprising.●Ⅳ单元语法过关现在完成时语法填空1．Thereportswentmissingin2012andnobody__hasseen__(see)themsince.[解析] 考查动词时态。句意：那些报告2012年就丢失了，从那以后没有人见过它们。since为现在完成时的标志。2．Someone__hasparked__(park)hiscarinfrontofmyhouseandit’sblockingmyway.[解析] 考查时态。由“it’sblackingmyway”可知，此处应用现在完成时，强调在房子前停车对现在造成的影响。3．—Howisyourgrandfathernow?—Oh，he__hasbeendead__(die)fortwoweeks.[解析] 句意：——你爷爷现在怎么样了？——-17-/17
优选哦，他已经过世两周了。die是瞬间动词，其用于完成时时不能用时间段作状语。如果题目中确实有时间段的话，则完成时中应用表状态的词，因此答案为hasbeendead。4．Uptonow，theprogram__hassaved__(save)thousandsofchildrenwhowouldotherwisehavedied.[解析] 句意：迄今为止，这个项目已拯救了数千个本来会死亡的孩子。uptonow“到目前为止”，此时间状语跟现在完成时连用。5．Bythetimeherealizesthemistakehe__hasmade__(make)，itwillbetoolateforhimtodoanythingaboutit.[解析] 句意：在他意识到他所犯的错误的时候，再采取任何措施为时已晚。显然，在他意识到犯错误的时候，他已经犯下错误，因此应用现在完成时。考点探究·素养演练KAODIANTANJIUSUYANGYANLIAN高频单词1．approachv．(向……)靠近；接近；临近n．靠近；接近；途径；方法激活知识语法填空①(2020·天津高考)Youshouldremainmodestwhen__approaching__(approach)perfection.②(2019·北京高考)Wearefinallywakinguptotheseverityoftheproblembysupportinganddevelopingagroupoftools，appsand__approaches__(approach)intendedtopreventscammersfromgettingthrough.③(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)China’sapproachto__protecting__(protect)itsenvironmentwhilefeedingitscitizens“offersusefullessonsforagricultureandfoodpolicymakersworldwide.”saysthebank’sJuergenVoegele.④Attheapproach__of__thefinalexam，mostofusstayuplatetostudy.-17-/17
优选⑤Withwinter__approaching__(approach)，theweatherbecomescold.归纳拓展(1)approachsb.about(doing)sth.与某人谈/商量(做)某事(2)anapproachto(doing)sth.(做)某事的方法/途径theapproachof...……的来临/临近attheapproachof在快到……的时候注意：approach作动词使用时，常用作及物动词，加介词to是它作名词的用法，请勿混淆。Heapproachedmeslowlysoastoapproachmeaboutthebestapproachtolearningforeignlanguages.他慢慢地向我走近，以便与我探讨关于学习外语的最好方法。能力提升句式升级Withthetimeforgraduationapproaching，wearebusywithourpapers.①__Withthetimeforgraduationjustaround/roundthecorner__，wearebusywithourpapers.(用corner短语改写)②__Asthetimeforgraduationisapproaching/drawingnear__，wearebusywithourpapers.(用as引导的时间状语从句改写)2．exchangevt.交换；调换；兑换n．交换；互换激活知识语法填空①(2019·天津高考)I’veneverexchangedwords__with__thosemomsbeyondsmalltalk，buttheywantedtohelp.②(2017·浙江高考)ItalyisthelatestWesternEuropeancountrytryingtocontrolagrowingimmigrantpopulationbydemandinglanguageskillsinexchange__for__workpermits，orinsomecases，citizenship.归纳拓展-17-/17
优选(1)exchangesth.withsb.与某人交换某物exchangeAforB以A换B(2)inexchange作为交换inexchangefor作为……的交换(3)exchangestudent交换生图解助记能力提升一句多译他用一个苹果换我一块蛋糕。①Hegavemeanapple__inexchangefor__apieceofcake.(exchangen．)②He__exchangedanapplewithme__forapieceofcake.(exchangev．)3．affordvt.买得起；负担得起；提供；给予激活知识语法填空①(2020·全国卷Ⅱ)Iencouragereaderstogototheirlocallibrarywhentheycan’tafford__topurchase__(purchase)abook.②Fortunately，eachofus__is/wasafforded__(afford)anopportunitytohaveatry.③Havingspentnearlyallourmoney，wecouldn’tafford__tostay__(stay)atahotel.归纳拓展(1)afford＋n./pron.买得起……；负担得起……的费用(2)affordtodosth.负担得起做某事(3)afford给予某人某物注意：afford表示“买得起；负担得起”时，常与情态动词can，could或beableto一起使用，而不与其他情态动词连用，后接名词、代词或不定式。-17-/17
优选能力提升句型转换Idon’thaveenoughmoneytobuysuchanexpensivehouse.＝I__can’taffordto__buysuchanexpensivehouse.4．survivevi.死里逃生；大难不死；幸存vt.在……之后仍然生存；比……活得长激活知识用survive的适当形式填空Onlyfivechildren①__survived__theschoolbusaccident.Theyweretakentoahospital，wherethedoctorssaidoneofthe②__survivors__onlyhada40%chanceof③__survival__becauseofhisseriousinjury.导图助记能力提升句式升级Afterwesurvivedthatnight，wewereconfidentthateverythingelsewouldbeallright.→__Havingsurvivedthatnight__，wewereconfidentthateverythingelsewouldbeallright.(现在分词短语作状语)5．contactvt.联络；联系(某人)；接触n．联系激活知识语法填空①(2020·江苏高考)Takingonthischallengewillbringyouincontact__with__someonewhosharesyourinterests.②(重庆高考)Inthefollowingdays，theownerstillcouldn’t__becontacted__(contact)．-17-/17
优选归纳拓展makecontactwithsb.联系某人losecontactwithsb./beoutofcontactwithsb.与某人失去联系keep/stay/beincontactwithsb.与某人保持联系getinto/incontactwithsb.与某人取得联系能力提升句型转换①It’sbeen5yearssincetheylostcontactwitheachother.→Theyhavebeen__outofcontactwith__eachotherfor5years.②Wearetryingtogetintocontactwiththeshipbyradio.→Wearetryingto__makecontactwith__theshipbyradio.→Wearetryingto__contact__theshipbyradio.常考短语6．putup建造；举起；为……提供住宿；张贴；提高激活知识观察句子，写出下面黑体部分的含义①Anewtheatrewillbeputupwherethereusedtobeatemple.(__建造__)②SheputupanoticeabouttheschooltriptoHongKong.(__张贴__)③Putupyourhandifyouhaveanyquestions.(__举起__)④Theyagreedtoputtwoforeignstudentsupoverthesummer.(__为……提供住宿__)⑤Isitrighttoputupthepriceofhouses？(__提高__)归纳拓展putaway储存(钱)；把……收拾起来-17-/17
优选putforward提出(意见、建议)put...in/into把……放进……puton穿上；戴上；上演putoff推迟；拖延putout扑灭(火)；生产；出版putupwith忍受；忍耐putdown写下；放下能力提升介副词填空Hegotupandput①__on__hisclothesquicklyandwenttowork.Inhisoffice，heput②__away__allhisbooksonhisdeskandpreparedtohaveameeting.Heknewthemeetingwasveryimportant，soheput③__off__someunimportantthingstillnextmonth.Atthemeeting，helistenedverycarefullyandput④__down__almosteverythingthebosssaid.7．getawayfrom摆脱；逃离；离开激活知识完成句子①Inmoderntimes，manyyoungpeople__getawayfrom__homeandearnsomemoneyontheirown.在当代，许多年轻人离开家自己去挣钱。②Nomatterhowhetried，hecouldn’t__getawayfrom__hisworries.无论他怎样努力，他都不能从烦恼中解脱出来。归纳拓展getaway走开；逃离；外出度假getawaywithsth.做(错事)而未被发觉/未受惩罚getover克服；从(病或损失等)中恢复过来getthrough通过；完成；接通(电话)能力提升语法填空-17-/17
优选①Thisprovesthataslongaswehaveastrongwill，we’llbeabletoget__over__anydifficulty.②Asweallknow，ourfriendslendusahelpinghandwhenweneedhelpandtheyhelpusget__through__difficultsituations.8．agreatmany许多的；大量的激活知识语法填空①Thenumberofthevisitorswaitingoutside__was__(be)aboutfifty.②(全国卷Ⅱ)However，there__are__(be)anumberofotherreasonsthatmightexplainwhyyouwanttogarden.③Largeamountsofmoney__have__(have)beenwastedinbuildingthegarage.归纳拓展其他表示数量的词汇：(1)接不可数名词的有：alargeamountof，much，agreatdealof，alittle等；(2)后接可数名词复数的有：many，dozensof，scoresof，agreat/goodmany，a/thenumberof，afew等；(3)既可接可数名词复数又可接不可数名词的有：plentyof，alotof，lotsof，some等。提示：“amountsof/quantitiesof＋复数名词或不可数名词”后接复数谓语动词。能力提升词汇升级Jackiehasworkedatmanydifferenthospitals—includingoneinScotland.→Jackiehasworkedat__agreatmany/anumberof__differenthospitals—includingoneinScotland.必备句型9．It’sbeensixyearssincewelastsaweachother，youknow.你知道自从上次我们见面以来已经六年了。激活知识完成句子①__Ithasbeentwoyearssince__Ileftmyhometowntosettlehere.-17-/17
优选自从我离开家乡在这儿定居以来已经有两年了。②(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)He’dmovedtoEnglandwithhismumwhenhewasthreeand__ithadbeen13yearssinceI’dlastseenhim__.他三岁的时候和他的妈妈搬到了英国，自从我上次见到他已经13年了。归纳拓展(1)It＋be＋时间段＋since...句型意为“自从……以来已经有多长时间了”。在本句型中从句为过去时，主句常用现在完成时或一般现在时。(2)若since从句中的动词为短暂性的，则表示“从这个动作开始到现在有多长时间了”；若动作为延续性的或表示状态的动词时，表示“从状态结束到现在有多长时间了”。(3)易混句型：①Itwas＋时间段＋before...过了多久才……②Itwasnotlong＋时间段＋before...不久就……③Itwillbe(not)＋时间段＋before...要过多久/不久……才……④It＋is/was＋时间状语＋that＋句子的剩余部分(强调句)⑤Itis/was＋时间点＋when引导的定语从句或时间状语从句能力提升语法填空①IthasbeenthreeyearssinceI__published__(publish)myfirstbook.②Itwillbesometimebeforewe__know__(know)thefullresults.③Tomsaiditwasfiveyearssincehe__hadmoved__(move)toCanada.④Itwasalreadymidnight__when__Ireturnedhomefrommyofficelastnight.⑤Itisusuallyat5∶30__that__theclassisoverandthestudentsbegintohavesports.10．AndthisisthefirsttimeI’vevisitedyourhometown.这是我第一次参观你的家乡。激活知识语法填空①ThisisthethirdtimeI__havebeen__(be)toGuangzhou.-17-/17
优选②ItwasthefirsttimethatI__hadread__(read)suchamovingstory.归纳拓展(1)This/Itis/wasthefirst/second.../lasttime＋that从句表示“这是某人第一次/二次……/最后一次做某事”，在口语中that常省略。在此句型中，若主句用一般现在时，that从句中的谓语用现在完成时；若主句用一般过去时，that从句中的谓语用过去完成时。(2)Itistimeforsth... 到了做某事的时候了。Itistime(forsb.)todosth...到了(某人)做某事的时候了。Itis(high)timethatsb.did/shoulddosth.到了某人做某事的时候了。(3)It/Therewasatimewhen...那是/曾是……的时期。能力提升一句多译是我们该投身于环境保护和生态发展的时候了。①__It’shightimethatwedevoted/shoulddevoteourselvesto__environmentalprotectionandecologicalimprovement.(用复合句表达)②__It’stimeforustodevoteourselvesto__environmentalprotectionandecologicalimprovement.(用简单句表达)课堂达标·巩固提升KETANGDABIAOGONGGUTISHENGⅠ.单句语法填空1．ItisaveryimportantexamandIcan’tafford__tofail__(fail)it.-17-/17
优选2．Theyaretryingtofindanewapproachto__teaching__(teach)languages.3．Wehandedoutgiftsoffoodandclothingtothe__survivors__(survive)oftheflood.4．Thesepeoplefaceincreasedriskof__starvation__(starve)anddisease.5．__Fortunately__(fortunate)，peoplearebeginningtorealisehowfrighteningthesituationis.6．Classicworkspresentgreatthoughtsthrough__fascinating__(fascinate)storiesandlanguage.7．Manyweightlossprogramsseem__attractive__(attract)topeople，butfewwork.8．Althoughherparentsthoughtthatheshouldbecomea__professional__(profession)musician，Victoriahasotherplansforherlife.9．Herfather’s__occupation__(occupy)influencedhergreatly，andJanefinallychosentobealawyer.10．Itwasthefirsttime__that__mankindhadusedaninstrumenttodetectanearthquake.Ⅱ.单句改错1．Don’tbothergetdinnerformetoday.I’lleatout.__get前面加to__2．WiththeapproachingofChristmas，theweatherturnedcolder.__approaching→approach__3．Theydecoratedtheclassroomwiththenumberofballoonstomakeitbeautiful.__number前面的the改为a__4．Tomygreatsurprise，hesomehowmanagedtosurvivefromtheearthquake.__去掉from__-17-/17
优选5．Anoticewasputoutinordertoremindstudentsofthechangedlecturetime.__out→up__6．Firefighterssearchedthebuildingsforsurvivor.__survivor→survivors__7．ItwasthesecondtimeMikehasseenhisworkinprint.__has→had__8．Couldyoucomeupwithsomeapproachesinsolvingthedifficulties?__in→to__9．52%ofthosesurveyingsaidtroopsshouldbewithdrawnimmediately.__surveying→surveyed__10．Theroomsaresimplebutprettyfurnished.__pretty→prettily__Ⅲ.教材衔接高考根据课文内容，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。XiaoLi’shometownisinXiamen，oneofthemost__1.attractive__(attract)，interestingandlivelyplaces.HeisnowtakingJohnMartintovisithishometown.JohnMartinthinksitisthemostbeautifulplacehehasbeento.Thecity’speopleareso__2.friendly__(friend).XiaoLisaysthat__3.it__isfortunatelivinghere.TheclimateinXiamenisprettyhotandwetinthesummer__4.while/but__itcanbecoldinthewinter.Therearetoomanytouristsaroundcomingtovisititsbeautyeveryyear，__5.which__sometimescanbeanuisance.Inthebusinessdistrictmanymodernhigh-risebuildings__6.havebeenput__(put)upandtherearealsomanyshoppingmalls.Thewesternpartis__7.the__mostinterestingpartofthecitybecausetherearemanyprettyparks.Asthey__8.areapproaching__(approach)theharbour，theyseeGulangyuIslandacrossthewater，whichisgorgeous__9.with__someinterestingarchitecture.AndJohnMartinisstarving，sotheydecidedtoparktheircar__10.to-17-/17
优选have__(have)lunchinanicelittlefishrestaurant.Ⅳ.话题延伸写作写作素材(关于失业)1．最近的一项调查表明这个地方曾经有很多人失业。2．但是到目前为止，在政府和一些社会组织的帮助下，一些失业工人很幸运地在郊区找到了工作。3．这听起来相当令人鼓舞。4．他们相信只要努力工作就能买得起自己的房子。5．他们希望能像当地人一样过上幸福的生活。提示：黑体部分用本单元词汇表达，并且请使用that引导的宾语从句，aslongas引导的条件状语从句。连句成篇(将以上句子连成一篇50词左右的英语短文)____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________参考范文__Arecentsurveyshowsthattherewereagreatmanypeopleunemployedinthisarea.Butsofar，withthehelpofthegovernmentandsomesocialorganisations，someunemployedworkershavebeenfortunatetofindtheirjobsinthesuburbs.Itsoundsprettyencouraging.Theybelievetheycanaffordtobuytheirownhousesaslongastheyworkhard.Theyhopetheycanliveahappylifelikelocalpeople.__-17-/17
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