第八章 虚拟语气
一、虚拟语气在非真实条件句中的运用
【翻译】1.如果明天下雨，我们就会推迟运动会。Ifit_____________________________tomorrow,wewouldhavetoputoffthesportsmeeting.2.如果你早点听我的话，那你现在就不会感到抱歉了。Ifyou____________meearlier,you____________sorrynow.【解析】混合虚拟语气，从句是对过去的假设，所以根据if虚拟条件句的规则，要用过去完成时，而主句部分讲的是目前的情况，所以要用would＋do。rained/shouldrain/weretorainhadlistenedtowouldn'tbe
3.要是没有我英语老师的帮忙，我不可能在这次英语写作竞赛中获得一等奖。ButforthehelpofmyEnglishteacher,I__________________thefirstprizeintheEnglishWritingCompetition.【解析】butfor意为“要不是”，(含蓄条件句)相当于if引导的条件状语从句，IfitwerenotforthehelpofmyEnglishteacher…主句表示与过去事实相反，句子谓语动词用would/should/could/might＋havedone结构。wouldnothavewon
二、虚拟语气表示不可实现或实现概率很小的愿望1.wish引导的宾语从句①对现在情况的虚拟：从句谓语动词用过去式(were/v.－ed)IwishIwereabird.②对过去情况的虚拟：从句谓语动词用过去完成时(haddone)IwishIhadknowntheanswer.③对将来情况的虚拟：从句谓语动词用“would/could/might＋动词原形”(woulddo,一般不用should)Wewishourparentswouldn'tpunishus.
2.Ifonly引出感叹句，意思是“要是……多好”，表示说话人的一种愿望，动词形式与wish的情况相同①Ifonlyhedidn'tdrivesofast！(现在)②LookattheterriblesituationIamin!IfonlyIhadfollowedyouradvice.(过去)③Ifonlytherainwouldstop．(将来)
3.wouldrather(宁愿)引导的宾语从句①与现在事实或将来事实相反：过去式(v－ed),表示“宁愿做什么”。Iwouldrathertheycametomorrow.②与过去事实相反：过去完成时(haddone)。IwouldratherIhadneverdoneittohim.
【翻译】我要是带了雨伞该多好呀，我全身都湿透了。IfonlyI____________anumbrella!Iwaswetthrough.hadtaken
三、虚拟语气在表示命令、要求、建议的从句中使用，此时从句中的谓语动词用should＋动词原形，should可以省略1.宾语从句①在表示“建议，命令，要求，忠告”等动词后面的宾语从句，常用的此类动词有：“二四六”法则两个命令：order，command四个建议：advise，suggest，recommend，propose六个要求：demand，require，request，desire，urge，insistthatsb.(should)dosth.
【翻译】1.我建议我们下周开个会。Isuggestthatwe____________ameetingnextweek.2.她要求我马上完成这项工作。SheinsistedthatI____________theworkatonce.(should)hold(should)finish
四、固定句型中虚拟语气的运用＋＋＋＋＋加电子稿＋＋＋＋＋Itis(about/high)time＋that中的虚拟语气，that后面用一般过去时或should＋动词原形(should不可以省略),表示“该做……的时候了”。Itis(high)timethatwewent/shouldgotobed.我们该睡了。【翻译】你该是时候学会自己做决定了。It'shightimeyou__________________tomakethedecisionyourself.learnt/shouldlearn
五、asif/though引导的虚拟语气1.表示与现在事实相反或对现在情况有怀疑，谓语动词用过去式(v－ed)。Shelooksaftertheboyasifhewereherownson.2.表示与过去事实相反，谓语动词用过去完成时(haddone)。HelooksasifhehadbeentoBeijing.
用括号中动词的适当形式填空。1.They______________________(arrive)atlunchtimebuttheirflightwasdelayed.2.Hisclassmatesuggestedthathe____________(take)arestimmediately.3.Thereisagoodsociallifeinthevillage,andIwishI________(have)asecondchancetobecomemoreinvolved.4.Don'thandlethevaseasifit________(be)madeofsteel.5.Welostourwayinthatsmallvillage,otherwisewe__________________(visit)moreplacesofinterestyesterday.could/shouldhavearrived(should)takehadwerewouldhavevisited
6.Theymighthavefoundabetterhotelifthey__________(drive)afewmorekilometers.7.Georgeisgoingtotalkaboutthegeographyofhiscountry,butI'dratherhe________(focus)moreonitsculture.8.Ifwe____________(catch)theflightyesterday,wewouldbeenjoyingourholidayonthebeachnow.9.Sorry,Iamtoobusynow.IfI________(have)time,Iwouldcertainlygoforanoutingwithyou.haddrivenfocusedhadcaughthad
10.________(be)itnotforthesupportoftheteachers,thestudentcouldnotovercomeherdifficulty.Were
用括号中动词的适当形式填空。1.Ifhe________(be)morecareful,hewouldhavegotmuchbetterresultsinthefinals.2.—DoyouhaveBetty'sphonenumber?—Yes.Otherwise,I_________________(notbe)abletoreachheryesterday.3.Jackisagreattalker.It'shightimethathe__________________(do)somethinginsteadofjusttalking.4.Bobwouldhavehelpedusyesterday,buthe________(be)busy.hadbeenwouldn'thavebeendid/shoulddowas
5.Iwaswearingaseatbelt.IfIhadn'tbeenwearingone,I________________________(injure).6.Whydidn'tyoutellmeaboutyourtroublelastweek?Ifyou________(tell)me,Icouldhavehelped.7.IshouldnothavelaughedifI____________(think)youwereserious.8.Theoldladyinsistedthatthethief______________(send)topolicestation.9.Eyedoctorsrecommendthatachild'sfirsteyeexam___________(be)attheageofsixmonthsold.wouldhavebeeninjuredhadtoldhadthought(should)besent(should)be
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10.ItwasJohnwhobrokethewindow.WhyareyoutalkingtomeasifI________(do)it?haddone
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