鲁滨逊漂流记英语论文

实用标准文案AnalysisofMajorCharactersRobinsonCrusoe《鲁滨逊漂流记》的人物性格分析精彩文档 实用标准文案AbstractRobinsonCrusoe,writtenbyDanielDefoewhoisagreatEnglishnovelistinthe18centuryashismasterpiece,iseitherapioneeringEnglishadventurefictionoratypicalcolonialliterature.ThenoveldescribesthatRobinsonwentawaytothesearegardlessofhisparents’wish.Robinsondoesn’twanttobeabusinessmanlikehisfather,inthecontrary,hewantstogotothesea,andcreatehisownlife.Althoughheencountersmanydifficulties,heneverchangeshisdetermination,whichfinallymakeshimdrifttoanisland.Andlivestherefor28yearswithFridayhesaved.Luckilyhefinallygoesawayfromthatplace,andhashisnewlife.Robinsonisambitious,hard-working,wise,persistent,etc.Healsoisamanofdetermination,individualismandkindness.FridayisasimplemanwhoisloyaltoRobinson,abravemanwithwisdom,anddutifulson.HehelpRobinsonwithgratitude.HeisloyaltoRobinson,andadapttoRobinson’lifequickly.Keywords：Robinson,Friday,character,fate精彩文档 实用标准文案1.Introduction“RobinsonCrusoe”isafamousnovelwhichBritishnovelistDanielDefoewroteinhisoldage.Thisnovelwaspressedin1719atthefirsttime.Actually“Robinson”hadhisarchetypesinreallife.In1704,AlexanderPurcellKochwhowasasailorhadquarrelwithhiscaptain,anddesertedtoadesertisland.Afterfouryears,hewastakentoEngland,buthebecameasavage.Ofcourse,themandidn’tdoanywonderfulthingontheisland,however,hisexperiencebecamethesourceofDefoe’swriting.AfterDefoe’sthink,“Robinson”cameupinDefoe’shead.Withhiseffort,thenovelwasaccomplished.Defoeusedhisabundantimaginationtodoliteraryprocessing,whichmade“Robinson”betheherointhemindofpettybourgeoisie.“Robinson”wasaperfectemergingbourgeoisie.Thenovelgivesanexpressionthatistheaggressivespiritandlightnessawareness.Thisnovelwaswrittenlikeabiographywithhumortone,soitwaslikedbypeopleinanystageofage.Defoewascalled“theFatherofEnglishNovel”.DanielDefoewasborninaPuritanfamily.Hewasrichinrebelliousspirit.Heopposedautocracyandadvocateddemocracy.Hehadbeendetainedandfinedforwritingsatiricalwork.Thus,hewrote“HymntothePillory”toexpresshisfeelings.DanielDefoewasalsoborninacommercialfamilyinLondon.Hewasonceabusinessman,whorantheenterpriseofunderclothes,cigarettesandwinetrade.Heconcernedwithbourgeoisindustryandcommerce,especiallytrade.DanielDefoewasarepresentativeofbourgeoisie,whatheadvocatedwastoexpandBritain’scolonyandagainstautocracy.“RobinsonCrusoe”wasDanielDefoe’smosteffectivenovel.Thisnovelwastranslatedinmanylanguagesandpressedinmanycountries.Peopleknewthemindofbourgeoisieatthattime.Wecanalsoknowthespiritsofthem.Atthattime,peoplelikedthisnovelverymuch,sotherewasaphenomenonthatpeopletalkedaboutamancalled”Robinson“andhisexperiences.2.Robinson’scharactersandtheactivitieswhichreflecthischaractersRobinsonCrusoewastranslatedinmanylanguagesandpressedinmanycountries.Peopleknewthemindofbourgeoisieatthattime.Wecanalsoknowthespiritsofthem.Atthattime,peoplelikedthisnovelverymuch,sotherewasaphenomenonthatpeopletalkedaboutamancalled”Robinson”andhisexperiences.RobinsonCrusoecansurviveontheisland,becauseofhispositivepersonalities.精彩文档 实用标准文案Heholdssomanypositivepersonalities,let’studythemtogether2.1Hedarestochallengethecurrentsituationandpersistsinpursuinghisdream.RobinsonCrusoewasborninamiddle-classfamily.Hisfatherwasawiseandgravemanandalwaysgavehimseriousandexcellentcounsels(忠告).Hisfatherinstilledthefactintohimthatthepeopleinthemiddlestationarethehappiestperson.Herearesomewordsofhisfather’s：“thatminewasthemiddlestate,orwhatmightbecalledtheupperstationofiowlife,whichhehadfoundbylongexperiencewasthebeststateintheworld,themostsuitedtohumanhappiness,notexposedtothemiseriesandhardships,thelaborandsufferingsofthemechanicpartofmankindandnotembarrassedwiththepride,luxury,ambition,andenvyoftheupperpartofmankind.”HisfathertriedtopersuadeRobinsonthatheshouldbecontentwiththecurranthappylifeandnottogoabroaduponadventures.However,Robinsoninsistedondeterminingtoleavehome.Crusoedreamsofgoingonseavoyages.HerearesomewordsofRobinsonwhichindicatedhisdetermination:“……andtoldherthatmythoughtsweresoentirelybentuponseeingtheworldthatIshouldneversettletoanythingwithresolutionenoughtogothroughwithit,andmyfatherhadbettergivemehiscontentthanforcemetogowithoutit;thatInoweighteenyearsold,which…..;thatIwastrue,ifIdid,Ishouldneverseveroutmytime,andIshouldcertainlyrunawayfrommymasterbeforemytimewasoutandgotosea;……”Eventually,Robinsonwasunwillingtolifeanordinarylife.Hisdreamdrovehimtoadventureandchallengetheoversealife.Sohegaveupthecomfortableandhappylife.Andhesailedawayfromhome,startedhardandunfortunateseajourney.2.2 He showed his ability and wisdom, and also the quality of hardworking.Wewereimpresseddeeplybyhisspiritofrelentlesspursuitandinnovations.Duringthefourthtimehewenttothesea,accidenthappened.Hiscompanionswerealldiedonlyhewassurvived.However,hewasreducedtoadesertedisland.Buttherewerenosignsofhumanhabitationandevennothebasicconditionsforahumantosurviveontheisland.SotheterriblesituationforcedRobisontousehiswisdomtosurvive.Hewasnotscaredbythehugedifficulties.Onthecontrary,hesparednoefforttochangeeverythingonthedesertedisland.Hebuiltahouseforhimself.He精彩文档 实用标准文案triedtohunting,grain,goat,baskinraisinstosatisfyhisownfoodrequirements.Inordertodress,helearnedtouseanimalfurtotailoredclothes.Inordertotravelandobservethegeographyaround,heBuildhisowncanoe.Hestillexploredthetablesandchairs,madepots,bread,umbrella,etc.etc.tomeettheneedsofhisownsurvival.Herearesomequotationsfromthenovel:"Itwasinvaintositstillandwishforwhatwasnottobehad,andthisextremityrousedmyapplication.“Thissentenceindicatedhisoptimisticattitudetothebadsituation.“AfterIhadbeenthereabouttenortwelvedays,itcameintomythoughtsthatIshouldlosemyreckoningoftimeforwantofbooksandpenandinkandshouldevenforgettheSabbathdaysfromtheworkingdays;preventthisIcutitwithmyknifeuponalargepostincapitalletters,andmakingitintoagreatcross…….”“AndnowIbegantoapplymyselftomakesuchnecessarythingsasIfoundImostwanted,asparticularlyachairandatable,forwithouttheseIwasnotabletoenjoythefewcomfortsIhadintheworld,Icouldnotwrite,oreat,ordoseveralthingswithsomuchpleasurewithoutatable.”Fromtheseexamples,weknowRobinson’sinnovationandhiswisdom.2.3 He was always optimistic and hopeful even in face of setbacks.  Robinson’s life was full of setbacks. However, he would never be defeated by them. On the contrary, he would comfort himself and took co-urage to overcome them. Some quotations from the novel:  Uponthewhole,herewasanundoubtedtestimonythattherewasscarceanyconditionintheworldsomiserablebuttherewassomethingnegativeorsomethingpositivetobethankfulforinit;andletthisstandassadirectionfromtheexperienceofthemostmiserableofallconditionsinthisworld,thatwemayalwaysfindinitsomethingtocomfortourselvesfromandtosetinthedescriptionofgoodandevilonthecreditsideoftheaccount.”2.4He had a thankful heart.Robinsonalsoretainedathankfulheart.Whenhewasonthedesertedisland,hereadthepreservedbible.HebelievedinGod'sgracesincerelytomakehimhavespiritualpursuit.Andwheneverhehaddifficulties,hewouldthankgod'sprotectionintheheartpiously.Hewouldalsobegratefulthathestillcanliveintheworld.Crusoewasthankfultothosepeoplewhohelpedhim,too.Somequotationsfromthenovel:“IforgotnottoliftupmyheartinthankfulnesstoHeaven;andwhatheartcouldforbeartoblesshim,whohadnotonlyinamiraculousmannerprovidedforonein精彩文档 实用标准文案suchawildernessandinsuchadesolatecondition,butfromwhomeverydeliverancemustalwaysbeacknowledgedtoproceed.”“ThefirstthingIdidwastorecompensemyoriginalbenefactor,mygoodoldcaptain,whohadbeenfirstcharitabletomeinmydistress,kindtomeinmybeginning,andhonesttomeattheend.Ishowedhimallthatwassentme;ItoldhimthatnexttotheProvidenceofHeaven,whichdisposesallthings,itwasowingtohim;andthatitnowlayonmetorewardhim,whichIwoulddoahundredfold.”HerewasanexampleofRobinson’sthankfulnesstotheoldcaptainwhoalwayshelpedhimandmadeagreatinfluenceonhim.Throughmanytests,hebecamethedevelopmentofallaspectsof"talent".3.TheWeakAspectoftheCharacterofRobinsonCrusoeJustliketheoldsayinggoes,“toerrishuman”.RobinsonCrusoe’sadmirablequalitiesmustbeweighedagainsttheflawsinhischaracter.3.1RobinsonCrusoeasamanoflackingcaretothefamilyRobinsonseemedincapableofdeepfeelings,asshownbyhiscoldaccountofleavinghisfamily---hewasevenworriedaboutthereligiousconsequencesofdisobeyinghisfather,butnotconsideringmuchaboutthefeelingsofthefamily.Ashetoldus,“Iwouldbesatisfiedwithnothingbutgotosea,andmyinclinationtothisledmestronglyagainstthewill,naythecommandsofmyfather,andagainstalltheentreatiesandpersuasionofmymotherandotherfriends.”Intheendhewentouttoseawithoutsayinggoodbyetohisbourgeoisie.Forexample,hesupportedslaveryandthoughtitwasaprofitabletrade.Oncehehadgotachance,ifheliked,hecouldbearichandthrivingmaninhisnewplantationinBrazil,butforpursuingarashandimmoderatedesireofrisingfasterthanthenatureofthethingadmitted,hewentouttoseaagaintobuyingNegroes.Hewasridiculousonthispoint,thatis,hewhobelievedthatmanwasbornfreeandequalwaseveneagertoownsomeslavesanddirectthemathiswill.Aftermanyyearsoflivingontheisland,hesettogetoneofthosesavagesintohishand,ifpossible.Asthenoveltells,“inaword,Iwasnotatfirstsocarefultoshunthesightofthesesavages,andavoidbeingseenbythem,asIwasnoweagertobeuponthem.”Besides,heplannedtomakethesavageshemanagedentirelyslavestohim,andtodowhateverhedirectedthemandtopreventtheirbeingableatanytimetodohimanyharm.Laterhegotanopportunitytofulfillhisdesire———hesavedasavageonedaywhenthosebarbariansheldtheirinhumanfeastingontheislandagain.Henamed精彩文档 实用标准文案him“Friday”tomemorizethetime,withoutaskingwhetherhehadgotanamebefore.HethentaughtFridaytosay‘master’evenbeforeteachinghimthewordsas‘yes’and‘no’,andletheknowthatwastobehisname,asifheneededtoheartheego-boostingwordspokenassoonaspossible.Inthefollowingdays,hesavedaSpanishmanandFriday’sfather,andthenhisislandwaspeopled.Hetookitforgrantedtobethe‘lord’ofthem.Hewassosatisfiedthatwhenhe“surveyingitwithasecretkindofpleasure,tothinkthatthiswasallmyown,thatIwaskingandlordofallthiscountryindefeasibly…”HesavedFriday,tohisoriginalwish,hegotaslavetodirect.Althoughhewasgenerousandakindlord,hedidnotputFridayinthesamerankashimself.HemadeFridaydomanythings,evenmadehimfindandbringbacktheparrotheshotdown,whichwasdonebyhisdogbefore.3.ConclusionAllinall,whilenotboastingofheroism,Robinsonwasnonethelessveryinterestedinpossessions,powerandprestige.Aftertheislandwaspeopled,hethoughthewas“veryrichinsubjects”,andhethoughtitwasa“merryreflection”that“howlikeakingIlooked.Firstofall,thewholecountrywasmyownmereproperty;sothatIhadanundoubtedrightofdominion.Secondly,mypeoplewereperfectlysubjected:Iwasabsolutelordandlawgiver;theyallowedtheirlivestome,andeveryreadytolaydowntheirlives…Iwasabsoluteeverreadytolaydowntheirlives…”Bybringingbothsidestogetherintoonecomplexcharacter,Defoegaveusafascinatingglimpseintothesuccesses,failures,andcontradictionsofamodernman.Robinsonthoughthimselfasacivilizedmanwhilehehadasavagecomplexinthebottomofhisheart;whilenotboastingofheroism,hewasalsointerestedinpossessions,powerandprestige,thoughhewasmodestmostoftime;thoughheagreedthateverymanwasbornfreeandequal,hissuperioritycomplexalsomadehimsetuphisruleontheisland.Inaword,RobinsonCrusoeisnotaflashyheroorgrandepicadventurerbutanordinarysensibleman,whilehischaractertraitshavewonhimtheapprovalofgenerationsofreaders.精彩文档 实用标准文案References［1］Defoe,Danial.RobinsonCrusoe.西藏人民出版社,2003［2］Richetti,John.TheEighteenthCenturyNovel.上海外语教育出版社,2000.［3］吴伟仁.HistoryandAnthologyofEnglishLiterature.外国文学与研究出版社,1994.［4］刘炳善.AshorthistoryofEnglishLiterature.河南人民出版社,2000.［5］赵一娜.殖民化的缩影:《鲁滨逊漂流记》的后殖民视角阅读.《外国文学》,2004第三期.［6］王文华.鲁滨逊形象的现代性反思.《外国文学研究》，2004第一期.［7］蹇昌槐.《鲁滨逊漂流记》与父权帝国.《外国文学研究》，2003第六期.精彩文档