代 词
【要点提示】
代词可以分为人称代词、物主代词 、反身代词、指示代词、疑问代词和不定代词等。其主要分类如下表所示：
种类
单数
复数
第一
人称
第二
人称
第三
人称
第一
人称
第二
人称
第三
人称
人称代词
主格
I
you
he, she, it
we
you
they
宾格
me
you
him, her it
us
you
them
物主代词
形容词性
my
your
his, her, its
our
your
their
名词性
mine
yours
his, hers, its
ours
yours
theirs
反身代词
myself
yourself
Himself, herself, itself
ourselves
yourselves
themselves
指示代词
this, that等
these, those 等
疑问代词
who, whom, whose, what, which 等
关系代词
who, whom, whose, which, that 等
不定代词
each, everyone, everybody, everything, some, someone, somebody, something, few, a few little, a little 等
一、人称代词
人称代词分为主格和宾格两种，前者在句子中担任主语，后者担任宾语或表语。人称代词并列使用时顺序一般为：第二人称、第三人称、第一人称。如：You, she and I all took part in the party.
二、物主代词
物主代词分形容词性和名词性两种。形容词性物主代词只用作定语，相当于形容词，使用中要注意避免人称和数的误用。名词性物主代词可在句中作主语、宾语或表语等，相当于名词。如：
Every man should do his duty.
You may use my pen and I’ll use hers.
“of + 名词性物主代词”构成双重所有格，表示所属。如：That lady is a friend of mine.
三、反身代词
反身代词主要用作宾语和同位语，有时可用作表语，但不能作主语。如：
Take care of yourself.
She herself was a doctor.
The man in the photo is myself.
四、指示代词
指示代词主要有this, that, these, those等。指距离较近的事物用this 或these，指较远的事物用that 或those。此外，电话里this 和that可指人。如：
I want this pen, not that pen.
Is that Nancy on the phone?
五、疑问代词
疑问代词用于构成特殊疑问句。如：What job do you want to find?
Whose little girl is she?
Which subject is your best one?
六、不定代词
不定代词有名词或形容词的特点，在句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语。主要用法如下：
1. some系列的词项是肯定词，主要用于肯定句；any系列的词项是非肯定词，主要用于疑问句、否定句或条件状语从句。如：I have something to tell you.
Is there anyone in the classroom?
2. 当说话人表达请求、建议或带有肯定意图时，不管句子是什么形式，都可以用some系列词项。如：Would you like something to drink?
Why don’t you ask someone to help you?
3. 不定代词作主语时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。如：Someone is waiting
for you.
4. 形容词修饰something, anything, nothing 等时，该形容词须位于这些词的后面。如：
There is nothing wrong with my car.
I want to read something exciting.
5. 几组不定代词的区别。
both, either, neither
这三个词都指两者，both表示“两者都……”，either表示“两者中的任何一个”，neither表示“两者都不”。
a few / few, a little / little
（1）a few, few 用来修饰可数名词，a little, little 用来修饰不可数名词。其中a few，a little表示“有一些”；few，little表示否定，意思是“几乎没有”。
（2）quite a few 和quite a little意为“相当多”；very few 和very little意为“很少”。
none, no one
（1）none 表示对三个或三个以上的人或事物的否定，意为“没有什么人”或“没有什么东西”，用作主语和宾语，后面可以接of短语。如：
—How many apples are there in the box?
—None.
I like none of his novels.
（2）no one 意为“无一人，没有人”，仅指人（= nobody），常用来回答who 的提问。如：
No one knew the doctor’s address.
—Who is in your room?
—No one.
【代词专练】
Ⅰ. 请根据句意，用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. Did the students enjoy______________ (they) in the World Park?
2. Do you know the girl standing between Jenny and___________ (I)?
3. A friend of_______________(she) visited our school yesterday.
4. —Whose books are those?
—They’re ______________ (we).
5. You can come at ______________ (any) time.
6. How old is ______________ (you) sister?
7. Boys and girls, help________________ (you) to some fruit.
8. The little girl couldn’t find______________(she) bag and began to cry.
9. Is the book on the desk_______________ (you)?
10. Lily and Lucy are over there. Please pass the pens to _________ (they).
Ⅱ. 请从各题后所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案。
( )1. —Do you have any water?
—Yes, I have ______________in my glass.
A. little B. few C. a few D. a little
( )2. There is some salt in the bowl. Please pass____________ to me.
A. it B. one C. them D. this
( )3. The question is simple. ___________ can answer it.
A. Someone B. Anybody C. Nobody D. No one
( )4. I invited Joe and Linda to have dinner. But__________ of them had free time.
A. neither B. either C. none D. both
( )5. It was a long journey, but___________ of them four felt bored.
A. neither B. both C. none D. all
( )6. There are many tall trees on ____________ sides of the street.
A. both B. all C. either D. neither
( )7. Don’t lose ____________ in computer games, boys.
A. yourself B. yourselves C. himself D. themselves
( )8. The old woman kept one black dog and two White___________.
A. one B. ones C. those D. these
( )9. —When shall we meet again?
—Make it ____________day you like; it’s all the same to me.
A. one B. another C. some D. any
( )10. Mike’s idea is different from ___________ . We really can’t agree with _____________ .
A. ours; him B. ours; he’s C. us; him D. us; his
( )11. ____________ do you think can do it?
A. Who B. Whom C. Why D. How
( )12. —Are you going to buy a camera?
—Yes. But there are so many kinds that I can’t decide ___________to buy.
A. what B. which C. how D. where
( )13. Mrs Smith has two children. One is a driver and____________ is a nurse.
A. another B. the other C. other D. others
( )14. —Which one can I take?
—You can take_______________ of them. I’ll keep none.
A. both B. any C. either D. all
( )15. I got the story from Tom and some other people ______________ had worked with him.
A. whom B. which C. who D. whose
( )16. “You are not right. I’m not right, either.”means “___________”.
A. Either of us is wrong B. Neither of us is right
C. Both of us are right D. Neither of us is wrong
( )17. This isn’t _____________ bag. I think it’s .
A. my; hers B. his; her C. my; your D. mine; his
( )18. _____________of us have known the news. It makes us happy.
A. Each B. Neither C. Both D. None
( )19. — ____________ is in the classroom.
—Where are the students?
A. Somebody B. Everybody C. Anybody D. Nobody
( )20. Children like houses______________ are painted in different colours.
A. which B. they C. those D. who
( )21. —Which one would you like better?
— ___________. Would you show me ______________ one?
A. None; the other B. Nothing; another
C. No one; the other D. Neither; another
( )22. —Do you like Lucy’s new skirt?
—Yes, very much. I’ll ask mum to buy__________ for me.
A. it B. one C. this D. that
( )23. — ______________ did the teacher talk about to you just now?
—Something about the sports meeting.
A. How B. What C. Where D. When
( )24. We bought nothing last night, because ___________of the shops was open.
A. all B. any C. some D. none
( )25. Can I read here___________ minutes longer?
A. a few B. few C. little D. a little
( )26. —Is___________ready for the journey?
—No. We haven’t got a camera.
A. everything B. something C. nothing D. anything
( )27. Would you please buy some orange for me, Tony? There is __________left.
A. little B. a little C. few D. a few
( )28. There is_____________ knocking at the door. Go and see who it is.
A. nobody B. somebody C. anybody D. everybody
( )29. —Do you want______________ cake?
—Yes, I usually eat a lot when I am hungry.
A. other B. others C. another D. the other
( )30. The weather in Shanghai is hotter than ____________in Beijing.
A. it B. that C. one D. those
Ⅲ. 请根据句意及汉语提示完成句子，每空词数不限。
1. Please keep together! I don’t want______________(你们当中任何人) to be lost.
2. Put it down, Richard. You mustn’t read____________(其他任何人的) letter.
3. My parents __________________(都想要) go to the cinema.
4. Is there __________________ (一些重要的事) in today’s newspaper?
5. Tom has _______________ (相当多的) friends.
参考答案
代词专练
Ⅰ. 1. themselves 2. me 3. hers 4. ours 5. any
6. your 7. yourselves 8. her 9. yours 10. them
Ⅱ. 1-5 DABAC 6-10 ABBDA 11-15 ABBDC
16-20 BACDA 21-25 DBBDA 26-30 AABCB
Ⅲ. 1. any of you 2. anyone else’s 3. both want to
4. anything important 5. quite a few
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