山东省泰安市肥城市第三中学高中英语 Unit 1 Women of achievement语法学案 新人教版必修4.doc

山东省泰安市肥城市第三中学高中英语 Unit 1 Women of achievement语法学案 新人教版必修4‎ 教学内容 Learning aims: ‎ To master some sentence patterns To msater the usage of 主谓一致 Learning key points: To master some sentence patterns Learning difficult points: ‎ To msater the usage of主谓一致 ‎【学案使用说明】在提前预习的前提下完成 学习指导即时感悟 ‎【回顾复习】‎ Check the home work (have a dictation of the language points)‎ ‎【自主 合作 探究】‎ 一.概念:‎ 主谓一致是指：‎ ‎1） 语法形式上要一致，即单复数形式与谓语要一致。‎ ‎2） 意义上要一致，即主语意义上的单复数要与谓语的单复数形式一致。‎ ‎3） 就近原则，即谓语动词的单复形式取决于最靠近它的词语，‎ 二.相关知识点精讲 ‎1.并列结构作主语时谓语用复数，例如： ‎ ‎　 Reading and writing are very important. 读写很重要。‎ ‎　 注意：当主语由and连结时，如果它表示一个单一的概念，即指同一人或同一物时，谓语动词用单数，and 此时连接的两个词前只有一个冠词。例如：‎ ‎　 The iron and steel industry is very important to our life. 钢铁工业对我们的生活有重要意义。‎ ‎　 The League secretary and monitor ___ asked to make a speech at the meeting. ‎ A. is　　B. was　 C. are　 D. were ‎2. 主谓一致中的就近原则 ‎ ‎1)当there be 句型的主语是一系列事物时，谓语应与最邻近的主语保持一致。例如：‎ ‎　There is a pen, a knife and several books on the desk.‎ ‎　There are twenty boy-students and twenty-three girl-students in the class ‎2）当either… or… 与neither… nor，连接两个主语时，谓语动词与最邻近的主语保持一致。如果句子是由here, there引导，而主语又不止一个时，谓语通常也和最邻近的主语一致。例如：‎ ‎　Either you or she is to go. 不是你去，就是她去。‎ ‎　Here is a pen, a few envelops and some paper for you. 给你笔、信封和纸。‎ 4‎ ‎3.谓语动词与前面的主语一致 当主语有with, together with, like, except, but, no less than, as well as 等词组成的短语时，谓语动词与前面的主语部分一致。例如：‎ ‎　 The teacher together with some students is visiting the factory. 教师和一些学生在参观工厂。‎ ‎　 He as well as I wants to go boating.他和我想去划船。‎ ‎4. 谓语需用单数的情况 ‎1）代词each以及由every, some, no, any等构成的复合代词作主语时，或主语中含有each, every时, 谓语需用单数。例如：‎ ‎　 Each of us has a tape-recorder. 我们每人都有录音机。‎ ‎　 There is something wrong with my watch. 我的表坏了。‎ ‎2）当主语是一本书或一条格言时，谓语动词常用单数。例如：‎ ‎　 The Arabian Night is a book known to lovers of English. 《天方夜谭》是英语爱好者熟悉的一本书。‎ ‎　3）表示金钱，时间，价格或度量衡的复合名词作主语时，通常把这些名词看作一个整体，谓语一般用单数。例如：‎ ‎　 Three weeks was allowed for making the necessary preparations. 用三个星期来做准备。‎ ‎　 Ten yuan is enough. 十元够了。‎ ‎5.指代意义决定谓语的单复数 ‎ ‎1）代词what, which, who, none, some, any, more, most, all等词的单复数由其指代的词的单复数决定。例如：‎ All is right.　一切顺利。‎ All are present.　人都到齐了。‎ ‎2）集体名词作主语时，谓语的数要根据主语的意思来决定。如family, audience, crew, crowd, class, company, committee等词后，谓语动词用复数形式时强调这个集体中的各个成员，用单数时强调该集体的整体。例如：‎ ‎　　 His family isn't very large. 他家成员不多。‎ ‎　　 His family are music lovers.　他家个个都是音乐爱好者。‎ ‎　 但集合名词people, police, cattle, poultry等在任何情况下都用复数形式。例如：‎ ‎　　 Are there any police around? 附近有警察吗？‎ ‎3）有些名词，如variety, number, population, proportion, majority 等有时看作单数，有时看作复数。例如：‎ ‎　 A number of +名词复数+复数动词。‎ ‎　 The number of +名词复数+单数动词。‎ ‎　 A number of books have lent out.‎ ‎　 The majority of the students like English.‎ ‎6.与后接名词或代词保持一致的情况 4‎ ‎1）用half of, most of, none of, heaps of, lots of, plenty of 等引起主语时，谓语动词通常与of后面的名词/代词保持一致。例如：‎ ‎　 Most of his money is spent on books. ‎ Most of the students are taking an active part in sports. ‎ ‎2）如 many a 或 more than one 所修饰的短语作主语时，谓语动词多用单数形式。但由more than… of 作主语时，动词应与其后的名词或代词保持一致。例如：‎ ‎　 Many a person has read the novel.　许多人读过这本书。‎ ‎　 More than 60 percent of the students are from the city.百分之六十多的学生来自这个城市。‎ ‎【当堂达标】‎ ‎ 1. The number of people invited ______ fifty, but a number of them _______ absent for different reasons.‎ ‎ A. were, was B. was, was C. was, were D. were, were ‎ 2. E-mail, as well as telephones, ________ an important part in daily communication.‎ ‎ A. is playing B. have played C. are playing D. play ‎3. ______ of the land in that district ______ covered with trees and grass.‎ ‎ A. Two fifth, is B. Two fifth, areC. Two fifths, is D. Two fifths, are 4. Ten minutes ______ a long time for one who waits.‎ ‎ A. seem B. seems C. seemed D. are seemed ‎5. Eric is the only one of the boys who _____ a driving license.‎ ‎ A. has B. have C. is having D. are having’‎ ‎6. Joy and Sorrow _____ next-door neighbours.‎ ‎ A. is B. are C. were D. be ‎7. In my opinion, some of the news _____ unbelievable.‎ ‎ A. are B. is C. has been D. have been ‎8. When ______ the United Nations founded?‎ ‎ A. is B. are C. was D. were ‎9. Every possible means _____ .‎ ‎ A. has tried B. has been tried C. was tried D. were tried ‎10. What she says and does _____ nothing to do with me.‎ ‎ A. was B. were C. has D. have ‎11. There _____ a dictionary and several books on the desk.‎ ‎ A. are B. must C. have been D. is ‎12. Nobody ______ seen the film. It’s a pity.‎ ‎ A. but Tom and Jack have B. except Tom and Jack have ‎ C. but my friends has D. but I have ‎13. No teacher and no student ______．‎ 4‎ ‎ A. are admitted B. is admitted C. are admitting D. is admitting ‎14. All but one ______ here just now.‎ ‎ A. is B. was C. has been D. were ‎15. When and where to build the new factory _____ yet.‎ ‎ A. is not decided B. are not decidedC. has not decided D. have not decided ‎16. The writer and singer ______ here.‎ A. is B. are C. were D. do ‎17. As I have a meeting at four, ten minutes _____ all that I can spare to talk with you.‎ ‎ A. are B. was C. is D. were ‎18. In those days John with his classmates _____ kept busy preparing for the exam.‎ A. is B. are C. was D. were ‎ 19. —— ____ your clothes?‎ ‎ ——No, mine _____ hanging over there.‎ ‎ A. Is it, is B. Are these, are C. Is it, are D. Are these, is ‎20. The Smith’s family, which ____ rather a large one, ____ very fond of their old houses.‎ ‎ A. were, were B. was, was C. were, was D. was, were ‎【反思提升】‎ ‎ ‎ ‎【拓展延伸】‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ 4‎