Unit 3 A healthy life
[写得准]
[用得活]
[积得多]
1.abuse n．& vt. 滥用；虐待
2.ban vt.& n. 禁止；取缔；禁令；谴责
3.due adj. 欠款的；预定的；到期的
4.quit vt. 停止(做某事)；离开
5.effect n. 结果；效力6.awkward adj. 局促不安的；
笨拙的
7.desperate adj.绝望的；拼命的→desperately_ adv.拼命地；绝望地
8.stress n．压力；重音 vt.加压力于；使紧张→stressful adj.产生压力的；紧张的→stressed adj.焦虑不安的
9.adolescent n．青少年 adj.青春期的→adolescence n．青春期
10.addicted adj.入了迷的；上了瘾的→addiction n．沉溺；嗜好→addictive adj.使人上瘾的→addict vt.使上瘾 n．有瘾的人
11.accustom vt.使习惯于→accustomed adj.惯常的；习惯了的
12.automatic adj.无意识的；自动的→automatically adv.无意识地；
用所给词的适当形式填空
1.The man had so little education that he was unfit (fit) for this job.
2.Mary was disappointed (disappoint) that most of the guests had left when she arrived at the party.
3.Furthermore, punishment is by no means a wise choice to help them grow up mentally (mental) and physically.
4.We all agreed on an idea to strengthen (strength) the cooperation between our two parties.
5.Tom’s parents are worried that he is addicted to the computer games which are addictive to children.(addict)
6.You take my breath away and you leave me breathless.(breath)
7.The man in the river desperately tried to reach
1.“禁止与允许”家族
①禁止：ban, forbid, prohibit
②允许：allow, permit
2.各年龄段的人
①婴儿：baby
②小孩：kid/child
③青少年：youth/teenager/adolescent/youngster
④成人：adult
⑤中年人：a middleaged person
⑥老年人：senior citizen/the elderly/the aged
3.以en后缀的高频单词集锦
①strengthen vt. 加强
②shorten vt. 缩短
③deepen vt. 加深
④widen vt. 加宽
⑤broaden vt. 开拓；加宽
⑥lighten vt. 减轻
⑦threaten vt. 恐吓
⑧sharpen vt. 削尖
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自动地
13.mental adj.精神的；智力的→mentally adv.精神上；智力上
14.breathless adj.气喘吁吁的→breath n．呼吸→breathe v．呼吸
15.strengthen vt.加强；巩固；使坚强 vi.变强→strength n．力气；力量；强项
16.disappointed adj.失望的；沮丧的→disappointing adj.令人失望的→disappoint vt.使失望；使扫兴→disappointment n．失望；沮丧
17.ashamed adj.感到惭愧或羞耻的→shame n．羞愧→shameful adj.可耻的→shameless adj.无耻的；厚颜的
18.unfit adj.不健康的；不合适的；不合格的→fitness n．健康→fit adj.健康的；合适的
19.relaxation n．放松；松弛→relax v．使放松→relaxed adj.轻松的→relaxing adj.使人放松的
20.weaken vi.(对某事的决心)动摇；减弱 vt.(使)变弱→weak adj.虚弱的→weakness n．弱点
the side. The situation was desperate but not hopeless.(desperate)
8.After a stressful week of work, all the employees were extremely stressed and tired. They complained that few could work efficiently under stress.(stress)
9.You should be ashamed of your shameful behaviors or you will be a shameless man.(shame)
10.After hearing some relaxing music, she felt quite relaxed,_and there was relaxed expression on her face.(relax)
11. As we all know, everyone has both strengths and weaknesses. Therefore, we shouldnt look down upon whoever looks weak.(weaken)
⑨lessen vt. 减少
⑩weaken vt. 削弱
4.否定前缀un高频形容词一览
①unfit 不合适的
②unusual 不寻常的
③uncomfortable 不舒服的
④unfriendly 不友善的
⑤unfortunate 不幸的
⑥unfair 不公平的
⑦unimportant 不重要的
⑧unbelievable 难以置信的
[写得准]
[用得活]
[积得多]
1.due_to 由于……
2.(be)_addicted_to 对……
选用左栏短语填空
1.If you keep on
1.“因为，由于……”的多种表
达
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有瘾
3.(be)_accustomed_to 习惯于……
4.decide_on 对……作出决定
5.feel_like_(doing) 想要(做)……
6.in_spite_of 不顾；不管
7.take_risks_(a_risk) 冒险
8.get_into 陷入；染上(坏习惯)
9.at_risk 处境危险；遭受危险
10.throw_away 扔掉
ignoring the teacher’s advice, you will get_into a situation where you fall behind others in all subjects.
2.Most of them turned up on time; only Tom arrived late due_to the storm.
3.In_spite_of the bad weather, I had fun meeting friends and relatives.
4.He doesn’t want to take_risks_(a_risk) of losing his job, especially since he became the main source of family’s income.
①due to 由于；因为
②because of 由于；因为
③owing to 由于；因为
④thanks to 多亏；由于
⑤as a result of 由于……
的结果
⑥on account of 由于
2.get into 相关短语面面观
①get into debt 负债累累
②get into trouble 陷入困境
③get into the habit of 养成……
的习惯
[背原句]
[记句式]
[会仿用]
1.As you know, if you do the same thing over and over again, you begin to do it automatically.
你知道，如果你反反复复地做同一件事，你就会自动地做它。
as引导非限制性定语从句。
正如我们知道的，除了美味的水饺，敬老院的老人也需要温暖和关爱。(2015·新课标全国卷Ⅱ满分作)
As_we_know,_besides tasty dumplings, what elderly people in the nursing home also need is warmth and care.
2.I do hope so because I want you to live as long and healthy a life as I have.
(1)do hope 为强调结构，do常用来强调谓语动词。(2)as long and healthy a life as为“as＋adj
①尽管戒烟对我父亲很难，但最终他确实戒掉了。
It was very difficult for my father to quit smoking, but in
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我的确希望如此，因为我想让你和我一样活得健康长寿。
.＋a(n)＋单数可数名词＋as ...”结构。
the end he did_manage_it.
②事实上，戒掉一个坏习惯付出的努力与养成一个好习惯是一样的。
As a matter of fact, getting rid of a bad habit is as_much_an_effort_as forming a good one.
3.It is only when the disease has progressed to AIDS that a person begins to look sick.
只有当一个人发展成艾滋病时，他才开始看上去有病。
It is ...that ...为强调句型。
正是当我到达电影院后我才意识到我把电影票忘在家里了。
It_was_when_I_arrived_at_the_cinema_that I realized I had left my ticket at home.
1．stress n．逼迫；压力；重音；重点 vt.加压力于；重读
[高考佳句] I support Susan’s opinion completely that as for a good gift, we ought to lay stress on the giver’s heart rather than its price.(2014·重庆高考写作)
我完全赞同苏珊的观点：对于一个好的礼物，我们应当重视送礼者的心意而不是它的价格。
(1)under stress 在压力之下
put sb. under great stress 使某人感到沉重的压力
lay/place/put stress on sth. 强调某事物
(2)stress the importance of 强调……的重要性
(3)stressed adj. 焦虑不安的；心力交瘁的
stressful adj. 有压力的
①We forgave his bad temper because we knew that his son’s illness had put him under_great_stress.
我们原谅了他的坏脾气，因为我们知道他儿子的病使他受到很大的压力。
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②Cooperation or teamwork, the importance of which_is_often_stressed,_plays an important part in football matches.
合作或协作，在足球比赛中起着重要作用，这一点经常被强调。
③Believe it or not, it is a stressful (stress) time for all of us.
信不信由你，对我们所有人来说，这是一个有压力的时期。
2．addicted adj.入了迷的；上了瘾的
[教材原句] You see, during adolescence I also smoked and became addicted to cigarettes.
你知道，当我还是一个十几岁的孩子的时候，我也吸过烟，而且还上了瘾。
(1)be/become/get addicted to sth./doing sth. 沉溺于……；专心做……
(2)addict vt. 使沉溺；使上瘾
n. 有瘾的人
addict oneself to (doing) sth. 沉溺于(做)某事
a work addict 工作狂
(3)addiction n. 癖好
①As far as I’m concerned, it’s not wise for us to be addicted to playing (play) with smart phones because we may ignore other important things in life.(2014·重庆高考满分作文)
就我个人而言，迷恋于玩智能手机是不明智的，因为我们有可能忽视生活中其他重要的事情。
②Her son addicted himself to smoking, which had a bad effect on his health.
她的儿子吸烟上瘾，这对他的健康有很坏的影响。
③Addicted (addict) to playing the violin, he didn’t find a thief walk into his house.
他醉心于拉小提琴，没有注意到小偷进屋。
3．accustomed adj.经常的；惯常的；习惯了的
[教材原句] This means that after a while your body becomes accustomed to having nicotine in it.
这就是说，过一段时间以后，你的身体习惯了香烟里的尼古丁。
(1)be accustomed to (doing) sth.
习惯于(做)某事(表示状态)
get/become accustomed to (doing) sth.
习惯于(做)某事(表示动作)
(2)accustom vt. 使习惯于
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accustom sb./oneself to (doing) sth.
使某人/自己习惯于(做)某事
①He is accustomed to getting (get) up early, which is beneficial to his health.
他习惯于早起，这对他的健康有好处。
②Accustomed (accustom) to living in the countryside, Mr. King found it hard to live in the city.
习惯于生活在农村，金先生发现很难在城市生活。
③It took a while for me to accustom myself to all the new rules and regulations.
我花了一段时间才逐渐适应了所有新的规章制度。
4．effect n．结果；效力
[教材原句] When I was young, I didn’t know much about the harmful effects of smoking.
年轻时，我不太了解吸烟的危害性。
(1)have an effect/influence on/upon
对……产生影响
come/go into effect 生效
bring/carry/put ... into effect 实施；使……生效/起作用side effect 副作用
(2)effective adj. 有效的；有影响的
(3)affect vt. 影响
①I am writing to tell you that the finless porpoise is becoming extinct because humans’ activities have a bad effect on/upon them.(2013·重庆高考写作)
我写信告诉你中国长江江豚正面临灭绝，因为人类的活动对它们产生了不利的影响。
②It won’t be easy to put the changes into effect, so we must spare every effort to do it.
把这些变化落到实处不是件容易的事，因此我们必须尽一切努力做这件事。
③One of the most effective (effect) ways to reduce stress is to talk about feelings with someone you trust.(2015·浙江高考单选)
减少压力最有效的方法之一就是与你信任的人聊聊感受。
5．ashamed adj.感到惭愧或羞耻的
[教材原句] If you weaken and have a cigarette, do not feel ashamed.
如果你意志薄弱了而吸了一支烟，不要感到羞愧。
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(1)be/feel ashamed of 因……感到惭愧
be ashamed to do sth. 耻于做某事
(2)shame n. 羞愧；羞耻
It’s a shame/pity that ... ……真让人遗憾
What a shame/pity! 真可惜！
①He was/felt_ashamed_of cheating in the exam, determined never to do such things again.
他因在考试中作弊而感到羞愧，决定再也不做这样的事情了。
②It’s_a_shame/pity_that you live at such a distance; otherwise we could see each other often.
真遗憾你住那么远，否则我们就可以经常见面了。
③What_a_shame/pity! She should fail this round.
真可惜！这一轮她竟然败下来了。
Ⅰ.基础点全练
1．单句语法填空
①(2011·湖北高考多选)An unhappy childhood may have some negative effects on/upon a person’s character; however, they are not always permanent.
②The Chinese government has decided to ban smoking (smoke) in public places across the country.
③I was once ashamed to_admit (admit) my weakness, but now I have no such feeling and I save myself much discomfort.
④People under stress tend to express their full range of potential.
⑤They were accused of abusing (abuse) their power to keep prices artificially high.
⑥The new survey shows that the number of students addicted (addict) to computer games has been on the increase in recent years.
2．一句多译
很多孩子沉迷于上网，因此他们对学习失去了兴趣。
①Many kids become/are/get_addicted_to surfing the Net, so they have lost interest in study.(addicted adj.)
②Many kids addict_themselves_to surfing the Net, so they have lost interest in study. (addict vt.)
③Addicted_to surfing the Net, many kids have lost interest in study.
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Ⅱ.重难点多练
accustom全扫描
(1)一句多译
我习惯于在冬天的每个晚上喝一杯热茶，这样我就会觉得再次很精神。
①I am_accustomed_to_drinking a cup of hot tea every evening in the cold winter, and I feel refreshed again.
②Accustomed_to_drinking a cup of hot tea every evening in the cold winter, I feel refreshed again.
③I accustom_myself_to_drinking a cup of hot tea every evening in the cold winter, and I feel refreshed again.
(2)高考小作文
④他很快适应了大学里浓厚的学术氛围(academic atmosphere)和丰富多彩的活动。(广东高考写作)
He quickly got_accustomed_to_the_strong_academic_atmosphere_and_colorful_activities in the college.
Ⅲ.阅读词汇专练
根据语境选出名词withdrawal的词义
(A)撤军；撤退 (B)取消；收回 (C)取款 (D)脱瘾；戒毒
1．You can make withdrawals of up to D|S250 a day.__C__
2．He got withdrawal symptoms after giving up smoking.__D__
3．They are in favour of the withdrawal of the UN troops from the country.__A__
4．The withdrawal of government aid had a bad effect on the earthquakehit area.__B__
1．due to 由于……；因为……
[教材原句] I think my long and active life must be due to the healthy life I live.
我想我之所以长寿而且精力充沛，要归功于我的健康生活。
(1)be due 预定/计(做)某事
(2)(be) due to sb. 应支付/给予/归于某人
①Due_to_my English teacher’s help, my English scores were always on the top
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of my class.(2015·陕西高考满分作文)
由于我英语老师的帮助，我的英语成绩总是名列前茅。
②The old man said the accident was due to careless driving, so a lot of money was due to_be_paid (pay) by the driver.
老人说事故是由于粗心驾驶引起的，因此司机应支付很多钱给他。
③Any money that is_due_to you will be paid before the end of the month.
欠你的钱将在月底之前全部支付给你。
2．take risks (a risk)冒险
[教材原句] He felt he had to make up his mind on every step instead of taking risks.
他觉得每一步都得作出决定而不是冒险。
(1)at risk 有风险；处境危险
at the risk of ... 冒着……的风险
take/run the risk of doing sth. 冒险做某事
take risks (a risk) to do sth. 冒险做某事
(2)risk doing sth. 冒险做某事
risk one’s life to do sth. 冒着生命危险做某事
①Those robbers broke into the bank at the risk of being_caught (catch) by the police.
那些劫匪冒着被警察抓住的危险闯入银行。
②Operate the electrical appliance following the instructions attached in the box, or you’ll be at_risk.
遵照附在盒子上的说明书操作这种电器，否则你会处于危险之中。
③He got wellprepared for the job interview, for he couldn’t risk losing (lose) the good opportunity.
他对工作面试作了充分的准备，因为他不想冒失去这一次好机会的危险。
3．get into陷入；染上(坏习惯)
[教材原句] Of course the best way to deal with these drugs is not to get into the habit in the first place!
当然，对付毒品的最好的方法是首先就别养成(吸毒的)习惯。
get into the habit of 养成……的习惯
get across (使)通过；(使)被理解；(把……)讲清楚
get along with 进展；相处
get away 逃脱；离开
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get over 爬过；越过；克服困难；痊愈
get through 穿越(马路)；通过；接通电话
get down to 开始做某事
①Many homeless people got_into_the_habit_of begging to get enough money to stay alive.
许多无家可归的人开始养成靠乞讨谋生的习惯。
②A smile can help us get_through difficult situations and find friends in a world of strangers.
微笑可以帮助我们渡过难关，并在陌生人中找到朋友。
③After Christmas I’m going to get_down_to some serious jobhunting.
圣诞节后，我打算开始认真地找工作。
4．I do_hope so because I want you to live as_long_and_healthy_a_life_as I have.
我的确希望如此，因为我想让你和我一样活得健康长寿。
1)“do/does/did＋动词原形”构成强调句，意为“确实；的确”，用来加强谓语动词的语气，但须符合以下条件：
①If you have a job, do_devote yourself to it and finally you will succeed.
如果你有一份工作，务必要全力以赴地去做，最终你会成功的。
②To my great joy, the plant did_look_exactly_like what we were looking for.
使我高兴的是，这棵植物看起来的确像是我们正在寻找的那种。
2)句中使用了一个比较级结构：so/as＋adj.＋a(n)＋n.＋as，意为“和……一样……”。
①The young man hopes to live as_simple_a_life_as his grandpa.
这个小伙子希望和他爷爷一样过俭朴的生活。
[名师指津] 类似此句型的用法的还有：too/so/how＋adj.＋a(n)＋n.。
②I have never met so_young_a_body with so wise a head.
我从来没见过这么年轻又这么聪明的人。
Ⅰ.基础点全练
1．单句语法填空
①(2012·江西高考单选)I’ve got into the habit of calling in on my grandparents on my way home from school.
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②No matter how busy he is, he makes it a rule to read at least 20 minutes a day.
③To our surprise, the little boy did memorize the words in ten minutes.
④We wanted him to live as full a life as possible, different from what we want for our other two sons.
⑤—Mum, it’s so cold outside and I don’t feel like going (go) shopping with you.
—Oh, if you don’t, you may as well watch TV at home.
2．短语替换(每空一词)
①His lateness was because of the heavy traffic on the road.
→His lateness was due to the heavy traffic on the road.
②Despite many difficulties, he managed to get through the experiment.
→In spite of many difficulties, he managed to get through the experiment.
3．运用所学短语完成下列语段
①Due_to (由于) the high pressure in the work, he ②got_into (陷入) the habit of smoking. Once he ③was_accustomed_to (习惯于) the habit, he couldn’t get rid of it. His friends warned him that if he smoked too much, he would be ④at_the_risk_of (处于……的危险) falling ill. So he ⑤decided_on (决定) the idea that he should give up smoking.
Ⅱ.重难点多练
risk多棱镜
(1)单句语法填空
①The young man risked his life to_save (save) the drowning child.
②Students like the fact that teachers are willing to take a risk, even if the lesson is a failure, and try something new in it.
(2)一句多译
有一大家人要养活，因此他不能冒险失去这一次好机会。
③He has a large family to support, so he can’t take_risks/a_risk_to_lose_the_good_chance. (risk n．)
④He has a large family to support, so he can’t take/run_the_risk_of_losing_the_good_chance. (risk n．)
⑤He has a large family to support, so he can’t risk_losing_the_good_chance. (risk v．)
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Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．The war broke out, and many innocent people were at the risk of losing their lives.
2．Would you please turn your radio down a little? I’m tired now and feel like sleeping (sleep)．
3．To_strengthen (strengthen) his position in the country, he appointed his close friend Henry as head of the troops.
4．Nothing is more stressful (stress) than going on a business trip with our boss.
5．Having_abused (abuse) his position as mayor to give jobs to his friends, William is now under investigation.
6．The school makes it a regulation that students should be banned from bringing cellphones to school.
7．Being_addicted_ (addict) to online shopping for too long, according to a survey conducted recently, will greatly decrease people’s desire to take part in social activities.
8．He only gave an embarrassed (embarrass) smile when she spilled the water onto him.
9．Tom’s mother kept telling him that he should work harder，but it didn’t help.
10．Disappointed (disappoint) at failing in the math exam, John wouldn’t like to talk about it to his parents.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．I’m not a little tired today after giving the room a thorough cleaning and I have never had as more tiring a day as today.去掉more
2．Next time you will pay a visit to Shanghai, I’ll show you around.去掉will
3．The conference has been held to discuss the effects of tourism to the wildlife in the area.第二个to→on/upon
4．Accustoming to living in Tianjin for quite a few years, Mr. Park had little difficulty understanding Chinese.
Accustoming→Accustomed或Accustoming后加himself
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5．After seeing your ad, I think your sixweek English course is very fit to me.to→for
6．When he was abroad, he began to take drugs and became addict to drugs.addict→addicted
Ⅲ.用本单元所学知识完成下列写作训练
(一)依据提示补全短文
①More and more children are/become/get_addicted_to_(沉溺于) the Internet games all day, which really has a bad effect on them. Once they get_into_the_habit (养成这个习惯), it is difficult for them to get rid of and be accustomed (accustom) to the daily life. Despite the fact that they know the danger, children still take_risks/a_risk (冒险).
②In my opinion, we must make all the children live as active and healthy a life as possible, which is our duty. Therefore (however/therefore), both the teachers and parents should put stress on the harm of playing Internet games and prevent the children from playing them.
(二)按要求将词汇句式升级
1.用本单元高级词汇替换加黑单词或短语
(1)get rid of→quit
(2)Despite→In_spite_of
(3)prevent→ban
2．按要求改写句式
(1)把句①加波浪线部分改为强调句(强调谓语动词)
which_does_have_a_bad_effect_on_them
(2)用it作形式主语改写句②
In my opinion, it_is_our_duty_to_make_all_the_children_live as active and healthy a life as possible.
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