宁阳一中2017级高二下学期期中考试
英 语 试 题 2019.05
卷I (95分)
第一部分：听力（30分）
第一节：听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What food does the woman suggest?
A. Sandwiches. B. Salads. C. Noodles.
2. What will the man do first with the woman’s car?
A. Fill up the tank（油箱）.
B. Wash the windows.
C. Check the tire pressure.（胎压）
3. What is the man doing right now?
A. Walking around. B. Watching TV. C. Eating snacks.
4. Where is the conversation probably taking place?
A. In an office. B. In a hospital. C. In a restaurant.
5. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. Different colors. B. A picture. C. Some flowers.
第二节
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Who might the woman be?
A. A doctor. B. An assistant. C. A professor.
7. When will the man go to see the doctor?
A. On Wednesday. B. On Thursday. C. On Friday.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. What will the man do tomorrow?
A. Rest at home. B. Go shopping. C. Work.
9. What will the man buy?
A. A hat. B. A necklace. C. A coat.
10. What is the relationship between the speakers?
A. Colleagues. B. Mother and son. C. Husband and wife.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. What are the speakers doing?
A. Doing a test. B. Having an interview. C. Playing a puzzle game.
12. What is Jennifer bad at?
A. Focusing. B. Dealing with stress. C. Getting on with others.
13. How does Jennifer feel about the result?
A. Surprised. B. Disappointed. C. Worried.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. Why will the man miss the school dance?
A. He won’t be in school.
B. He doesn’t like dancing.
C. He’s busy with other events.
15. When is the senior picnic?
A. In a week. B. In a month. C. In two months.
16. Which event is in June?
A. The photo day.
B. The graduation party.
C. The awards ceremony.
17. Where will the woman be this summer?
A. In Boston.
B. In New York City.
C. In Washington, D.C.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. What will the weather be like today in the southeast of the country?
A. Rainy. B. Cloudy. C. Dry.
19. What will the highest temperature be in the north?
A. 15 degrees centigrade.
B. 20 degrees centigrade.
C. 23 degrees centigrade.
20. Which part of the country will likely be sunny tomorrow?
A. North. B. Southeast. C. South.
第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共16个小题；每小题2.5分，满分40分）
A
Suppose you’re in a rush, feeling tired, not paying attention to your screen, and you send an email that could get you in trouble.
Realization will probably set in seconds after you’ve clicked “send”. You freeze in horror（惊骇） and burn with shame.
What to do? Here are four common email accidents, and how to recover.
Clicking “send” too soon
Don’t waste your time trying to find out if the receiver has read it yet. Write another email as swiftly as you can and send it with a brief title explaining that this is the correct version（版本） and the previous version should be ignored.
Writing the wrong name
The sooner you notice, the better. Respond quickly and briefly, apologizing for your mistake. Keep the tone measured（慎重的）: don’ t handle it too lightly, as people can be offended（冒犯）, especially if your error suggests a misunderstanding of their culture (i.e.
incorrect ordering of Chinese names).
Clicking “reply all” unintentionally（非故意地）
You accidentally reveal(透露) to the entire company what menu choices you would prefer at the staff Christmas dinner, or what holiday you’ d like to take. In this case, the best solution is to send a quick, light-hearted apology to explain your awkwardness. But it can quickly rise to something worse, when everyone starts hitting “reply all” to join in a long and unpleasant conversation. In this case, step away from your keyboard to allow everyone to calm down.
Sending an offensive message to its subject
The most awkward email mistake is usually made in anger. You write an unkind message about someone, intending to send it to a friend, but accidentally send it to the person you’re discussing. In that case, ask to speak personally as soon as possible and say sorry. Explain your mistakes calmly and sensibly—see it as an opportunity to clear up any difficulties you may have with this person.
21. After realizing an email accident, you are likely to feel _______.
A. tired B. cautious C. funny D. awful
22. If you have written the wrong name in an email, it is best to ________.
A. tell the receiver to ignore the error B. apologize in a serious manner
C. send a short notice to everyone D. learn to write the name correctly
23. What should you do when an unpleasant conversation is started by your “reply all” email?
A. Avoid further involvement. B. Try offering other choices.
C. Make a light-hearted apology. D. Meet other staff members.
24. How should you deal with the problem caused by an offensive email?
A. By asking the receiver to control his anger.
B. By promising not to offend the receiver again.
C. By talking to the receiver face to face.
D. By seeking support from the receiver’s friends.
B
In terms of maths, I was second to none at school. My teachers recommended that I study economics and statistics as my A-level subjects, but I had my mind set on a life fulfilled by the arts.
In fact, I was a victim of a gender stereotype that men do science and maths and women do arts or languages. Computer science, technology and physics just did not appear in my teenage world view. Nobody popular in my school chose to study those subjects.
Reality struck hard when I began attending job interviews and interviewers would say: “It's great that you speak foreign languages, but what else do you do?” Nobody asked my friends who had studied science or technology those questions.
A survey recently showed that three of the best-paid jobs for women are in the technology sector（领域）. It's a sector that really can change the world. We must show girls that technology has an effect on every industry out there, from fashion to architecture to journalism. Anybody can learn to code programs and these days it's as important as reading and writing. I've realized that at university I'd achieved the wrong kind of literacy. Not being able to code programs limits your influence on the world far more than ignorance of great literature.
Now I have a five-year-old daughter. I don't want her to blindly follow gender roles the
way I did. I want her to know the fact that a science or technical degree will not limit her creativity but expand it and broaden her horizons far more than my arts background could. I'm exposing her to Minecraft and apps, which help improve analytical thinking and problem solving skills. I'm hoping that my daughter will discover and accept her potentials for science and want to change the world.
25.What does the underlined phrase “gender stereotype” in Paragraph 2 refer to?
A. Personal learning style. B. Traditional sex concept.
C. Sex characteristics D. Profession difference.
26. According to the author, which may be the benefit of learning science?
A. Enriching imagination. B. Winning popularity.
C. Improving language competence. D. Increasing job possibilities.
27. How did the author feel for her major choice?
A. Approving. B. Ambitious C. Regretful. D. Discouraged.
28. What may be the best title for the text?
A. Girls, Choose More Wisely B. Good Subjects, Good Future
C. Art or Science, Either is OK D. Catch Chances, Change the World
C
Researchers in the psychology（心理学） department at the University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA) have discovered a major difference in the way men and women respond to stress. This difference may explain why men are more likely to suffer from stress-related disorders（混乱）.
Until now, psychological research has maintained that both men and women have the same "fight-or-flight" reaction to stress. In other words, individuals either react with aggressive behavior, such as verbal（言语的） or physical conflict ("fight"), or they react by withdrawing from the stressful situation ("flight"). However, the UCLA research team found that men and women have quite different biological and behavioral responses to stress. While men often react to stress in the fight-or-flight response, women often have another kind of reaction which could be called "tend and befriend." That is, they often react to stressful conditions by protecting and nurturing（养育） their young ("tend"), and by looking for social contact and support from others - especially other females ('befriend").
Scientists have long known that in the fight-or- flight reaction to stress, an important role is played by certain hormones(激素) released by the body. The UCLA research team suggests that the female tend-or-befriend response is also based on a hormone. This hormone, called oxytocin（催产素）, has been studied in the context of childbirth, but now it is being studied for its role in the response of both men and women to stress. The principal investigator（研究者）, Dr. Shelley E. Taylor, explained that "animals and people with high levels of oxytocin are calmer, more relaxed, more social, and less anxious." While men also secrete(分泌）oxytocin, its effects are reduced by male hormones.
In terms of everyday behavior, the UCLA study found that women are far more likely than men to seek social contact when they are feeling stressed. They may phone relatives or friends, or ask directions if they are lost.
The study also showed how fathers and mothers responded differently when they came home to their family after a stressful day at work. The typical father wanted to be left alone to enjoy some peace and quiet. For a typical mother, dealing with a bad day at work meant
focusing her attention on her children and their needs.
The differences in responding to stress may explain the fact that women have lower frequency of stress-related disorders such as high blood pressure or aggressive behavior. The tend-and-befriend regulatory(调节的) system may protect women against stress, and this may explain why women on average live longer than men.
29. The UCLA study shows that in response to stress, men are more likely than women to _____ .
A. turn to friends for help B. find an escape from reality
C. solve a conflict calmly D. seek comfort from children
30. Which of the following is true about oxytocin according to the passage?
A. Men have the same level of oxytocin as women do.
B. Oxytocin used to be studied in both men and women.
C. Oxytocin has more of an effect on women than on men.
D. Both animals and people have high levels of oxytocin.
31. What can be learned from the passage?
A. Male hormones help build up the body's resistance to stress.
B. In a family a mother cares more about children than a father does.
C. The UCLA study was designed to confirm previous research findings.
D. Biological differences lead to different behavioral responses to stress.
32. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?
A. How men and women suffer from stress
B. How men and women get over stress
C. How researchers overcome stress problems
D. How researchers handle stress-related disorders
D
Runners who encounter（遇到） visual and auditory(听觉的) distractions (干扰)may be more likely to suffer leg injuries, according to research by the Association of Academic Physiatrists in Las Vegas. Runners often seek distractions from the task at hand. Whether it is music, texting, daydreaming, taking in the sights, or propping a book up on the treadmill(跑步机), more often than not a distraction is welcome. But, researchers from the University of Florida have recently discovered those distractions may lead to injury.
Daniel Herman, MD, assistant professor at University of Florida, and his team conducted research on the effects of visual and auditory distractions on 14 runners to determine what effect these distractions would have on things such as heart rate, how many times a runner breathes per minute and how much oxygen is consumed（消耗，消耗） by the body.
The runners were all injury-free at the time of the study and ran 31 miles each week. Dr. Herman's team had each participant run on a treadmill three separate times. The first time was without any distractions. The second time added a visual distraction, during which the runners concentrated on a screen displaying different letters in different colors with the runner having to note when a specific letter-color combination appeared. The third time added an auditory distraction similar to the visual distraction, with the runner having to note when a certain word was spoken by a certain voice.
When compared to running without distractions, the participants applied force faster to their left and right legs called loading rate, with auditory and visual distractions. They also
experienced an increased amount of force from the ground on both legs, called ground reaction force, with auditory distractions. Finally, the runners tended to breathe heavier and have higher heart rates with visual and auditory distractions than without any distractions at all.
“Running in environments with different distractions may unfavorably（不利地） affect running performance and increase injury risk,” explains Dr. Herman. “Sometimes these things cannot be helped, but you may be able to reduce potentially cumulative(累积的) effects. For example, when running a new route in a chaotic（混乱的） environment such as during a destination of marathon, you may want to skip listening to something which may require more attention - like a new song playlist.”
Dr. Herman's team will continue to investigate the potential relationship between distracted running and leg injuries, and any effect this relationship has on different training techniques that use auditory or visual cues（提示，线索）.
33. Paragraph 2 tells us the research ___________.
A. process B. results C. reflection D. questions
34. Based on the research, runners with auditory distractions tended to ____________.
A. breathe heavier and have lower heart rates
B. get an increased amount of ground reaction force
C. apply more force with less oxygen consumption
D. gain a faster speed with slower loading rates
35. What can we infer from the passage?
A. Running with distractions becomes uncommon nowadays
B. Listening to a new song while running ensure performance
C. Runners are advised to reduce distractions in a destination of marathon
D. Runners are more likely to get injured in an environment without distractions
36. What is probably the next task for Dr. Herman's team?
A. How distractions should be used in training
B. What effective ways can cure leg injuries
C. Why runners use auditory and visual cues
D. What determines training techniques
第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
What do you order when you go to a Chinese restaurant? Do you start with an appetizer（开胃食品） of fried dumplings and then move onto General Tso’s chicken? 37__
Tofu is made from soybeans (黄豆). There are different types of tofu, from soft creamy silken（柔软的） tofu to pressed extra firm tofu. The difference is the amount of water in them. The longer the tofu is pressed, the more water is squeezed out and the tofu becomes denser (更密实的) and chewier（耐嚼的）.
38 In the letter to his friend John Bartram, Franklin cites (引用) a description of a type of
Chinese cheese made from soybeans called “teu-fu” by Fernandez Navarette who published accounts of his travels to China in the late 1600’s.
However, there isn’t much documentation（文件） of tofu production in the United States. 39
In 1917, as part of an effort to develop new sources of protein for American soldiers during World War I, the United States Department of Agriculture sent Chinese-born doctor Yamei Kin, a dietitian（营养学家） well-known for promoting tofu as a nutritious meat alternative（供选择的东西）, to China to study soybeans. 40
It wasn’t until the 1970’s that tofu started to become better known, during a wave of interest in vegetarianism（素食主义）, natural food, and less wasteful food sources. 41 And the restaurant chain Chipotle successfully added tofu to its menu a few years ago.
A. Americans are not big consumers of tofu.
B. Let’s take a look at tofu and its history in the United States.
C. Or do you start with deep-fried tofu and then choose Ma Po tofu instead?
D. Today, you can buy different types of tofu in many American supermarkets.
E. Despite the government’s efforts, interest among the American public never picked up.
F. One of the earliest references to tofu by an American is in a letter by Benjamin Franklin.
G. It is likely that by the early 1900’s, cities with large Asian populations had small tofu shops.
第三部分：语言运用（共两节，满分 45 分）
第一节：完形填空（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分）
One day, a sociologist proposed that the consumer society has been consuming modern humans little by little. For fear that I would become a victim of the consumer society, I 42 hurried to a bicycle shop in my neighborhood. As the shopkeeper Mr. Johnson was selling me the bicycle, he said, “This is the best thing you could have done. Life has become hopelessly 43 . A bicycle is simple, and it brings to you 44 things: fresh air, sunshine and exercise.” I agreed. Happy as a child, I got on the bicycle and headed out onto the streets. After some time, I 45 at the other end of the town. I was 46 that this simple vehicle（交通工具） could let me 47 long distances in a fairly short time. But how far did I really go?
Since I hated to be 48 , I went back to Mr. Johnson and asked him to 49 an odometer (里程表) on my bicycle. He agreed, but 50 , “An odometer without a speedometer (速度计) is like a fork without a knife.” I admitted he was right and in a few minutes, the two devices (装置) were 51 to the handlebars of my bicycle. “What about a horn?” he then asked. “Look, this horn（喇叭） is no larger than a matchbox（火柴盒） and has many 52 .” Attracted by these functions（功能）, I bought the horn.
“You can’t leave the back part 53 ,” noted Mr. Johnson. He fixed a metal box with buttons 54 the seat, and said, “Is there anything better than this oven（烤箱） when you feel 55 on your way? I can give you a special discount.” I was not strong enough to 56 the offer.
“I congratulate you once more; this is the best thing you could have done,” said Mr. Johnson in the end.
42. A. eventually B. gratefully C. unwillingly D. immediately
43. A. complex B. boring C. stressful D. tough
44. A. complex B. mysterious C. natural D. unique
45. A. gave up B. broke down C. ended up D. set aside
46. A. amused B. amazed C. confused D. alarmed
47. A. march B. cover C. drive D. measure
48. A. unreliable B. impractical C. inaccurate D. unprepared
49. A. fix B. check C. repair D. lay
50. A. promised B. concluded C. replied D. added
51. A. distributed B. attached C. applied D. adapted
52. A. shapes B. sizes C. functions D. models
53. A. bare B. blank C. loose D. incomplete
54. A. beside B. before C. below D. behind
55. A. sick B. hungry C. hot D. thirsty
56. A. consider B. withdraw C. purchase D. resist
2017级高二英语期中考试英语试题
卷II (55分)
第二节：（10 个小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1 个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
There are some natural ways to get rid of houseflies, but these methods may take longer to achieve results when compared to (57)__________ (use) pesticides（杀虫剂）. One common method involves the use of hanging sticky tape.
Fly tape can (58)__________ (purchase) at most grocery and hardware stores in the pesticide section, but some people prefer to make their own. This can be done by cutting wax paper into long narrow pieces (59)_______ should then be dipped in honey. Once the pieces are heavily coated, they should be hung from the ceiling. In most (60)________ (case), homemade fly tape will catch flies just( 61) _______ well as the store-bought variety.
Another popular natural method (62)__________ (design) to get rid of houseflies involves the use of sweetened water. Fill cups (63)__________ the liquid and then set them around the house where flies usually exit in large numbers. Eventually the flies will be trapped inside the cups and (64)___________ (able) to get out. This method requires frequent emptying and refilling of fly-filled cups (65)_____________ (prevent) unsanitary （不卫生的）conditions from developing.
What’s more, putting insect-eating houseplants near windows and doorways (66)______ (help) decrease the fly population. In addition to being an effective, natural way to get rid of houseflies, these plants generally make lovely additions to most rooms.
第四部分：写作（共两节，满分 40 分）
第一节：应用文写作（满分 15 分
假定你是李华，在刚过去的寒假里，对美国高中进行了为期两周的参观访问。现在新学期开始了，请你写一封邮件给当时接待你的住家女主人 Adler 感谢她对你的照顾并向对方寄去体现中国特色的礼物。主要内容包括：
1.感谢热情接待；2.阐明礼物意义；3.邀请其来中国
注意：词数 80 左右；可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Adler,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Look forward to your reply.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
第二节：读后续写（满分 25 分）
阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
In 1989, fresh out of high school, I had the difficult task of choosing a career path before college started in three months. In those days in Pakistan, there were limited options: becoming a doctor or an engineer, or entering the financial world after getting a business degree. I wasn’t interested in engineering, so that I was left with medicine or business. I couldn’t decide.
My uncle, one of the powerful persons in the family, suggested that I do a work placement（工作实习） to experience it for a month in an international company followed by a month in a hospital. After that, I could make a decision. It seemed like a great idea.
I was accepted for a month’s placement at a foreign bank in Karachi. I got a feel for how the world of finance functioned, made new friends, and generally enjoyed the mostly easy-going work surroundings.
The month passed rapidly, and soon I began working at a leading hospital in Karachi. The experience couldn’t have been more different. The hospital had an intense(紧张的) environment. The days started early (at 7 am, compared to 9 am at the bank), and were filled with endless duties. And the night calls! This was crazy, working all day, through the night, and again the next day.
I began thinking about my two experiences. The bank had offered a more relaxing atmosphere, better working hours and less stress. The hospital was full of excitement and unpredictability（不可预见性）, but the studying and training was difficult. It seemed that the business option was going to win out.
Near the end of my month at the hospital, I was driving home after an especially busy night call. In front of me was a public bus, which looked like a big wooden box without fence, with college students sitting on the top. As the driver weaved through (穿梭) traffic, I could see the boys shaking from side to side.
注意：1. 所续写短文的词数应为 150 左右；
2. 应使用 5 个以上短文中标有下划线的关键词语；
3. 续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；
4. 续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。
Paragraph 1:
Suddenly, a boy fell off the back of the bus onto the ground.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
The next day, when I went to hospital to see the boy, all his family got up, with grateful smiles on their faces.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
宁阳一中2017级高二下学期期中考试
英语期中考试答案
1-20每个1.5分，共30分；
21-36每个2.5分，共40分；
37-41每个2分，共10分
42-56每个1分，共15分；
其中37-41是七选一；
1-5 CABAB 6-10BCABC 11-15ABACB 16-20CCACA
21--25DBACB 26-30 DCABC 31-36 DBD BCA
阅读A) DBAC 阅读B)BDCA 阅读C)BCDB 阅读D)DBCA
七选五37--41 CFGED
完型：42-46 DACCB 47--51BCADB 52--56 CADBD
57.using 58. be purchased 59. which/ that 60. cases 61. as 62. designed 63. with 64.
unable 65. to prevent 66. helps
应用文写作：
Dear Adler,
I’m writing to convey my sincere gratitude to you for your warm welcome and hospitable reception during my stay in your house.
First of all, your warmth has made my brief stay pleasant and memorable, and I’m missing your delicious dinner which you cooked specially for me. What’s more, the beauty of American campus and variety of school activities have deeply impressed and appealed to me. Here is a Chinese knot for you, a symbol of reunion, friendliness, peace and love in China. With this gift, I wish you good health, greater happiness and prosperity.
Finally I'd like to invite you to visit China sometime in the near future.
Look forward to your reply.
Yours, sincerely
Li Hua
短文续写
Suddenly, a boy fell off the back of the bus onto the ground. He hit the road face down and rolled over. He lay motionless in the middle of the road as the bus sped away. None of the cars behind the bus stopped. In fact, I felt the same urge to keep going, but the urge to stop and help was stronger. Knowing that he could die in a matter of minutes, I stopped my car and carefully examined the body. With the help of some passers-by, I lifted his unconscious body into the car and raced back to the hospital. After his family was contacted, and he was wheeled into emergency surgery, I drove home, exhausted.
The next day, when I went to hospital to see the boy, all his family got up, with grateful smiles on their faces. The mother held my hands to her face and started weeping. “Son, you are an angel!’ she repeated. What a feeling this was, to help save the life of another person! I
spent the rest of the day in a state of delight and excitement, the most amazing mood I had ever experienced. Driving home that evening, I knew what I wanted to do for the rest of my life. Two months of placements could not do what 30 minutes helping an accident victim had done for me. We spend a lot of our time wondering what path to take in our lives. This experience taught me that at times, these decisions are made for you – and that whatever happens is always for the best.
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