形容词、 副词的比较等级
【要点提示】
英语里形容词和副词有三个比较等级，即原级、比较级和最高级，它们是用来表示事物的等级差别的。
构成：单音节词和部分双音节词一般在词尾加-er或 -est，多音节词和部分双音节词一般在词前加more或most构成比较级和最高级，但形容词最高级前要加定冠词the, 副词最高级前的the可加可不加。另外有些不规则的变化要记住。如good / well→better→best，bad / ill→worse→worst, many / much→more→most, little→less→least等。
形容词、副词比较等级的基本用法：
1. 原级常用于“as + 原级 + as”结构，否定的原级用not as ... as或not so ... as。
2. 比较级常用于“比较级 + than”结构，否定比较级可用not as (so) ... as ...结构，也可用less ... than ...结构。
3. 最高级常用于“the + 最高级 + 比较范围”结构，形容词的否定最高级也可用the least。
形容词、副词比较等级的其它用法：
1． 比较级前可用much, a lot, a bit, a little, far, still, even等表示程度的词。
2． 比较级前可用“数词 + 名词”构成的名词短语表示确定的度量。
3． 表示“越来越……”，用“比较级 + and + 比较级”结构或“more and more + 原级”。
4． 表示“越……，就越……”，常用“the + 比较级，the + 比较级”结构。
5． 最高级可被序数词以及much, by far, nearly, almost 等词所修饰。
6． 表示“A 和 B，哪一个（人）较……？”可用句型“Which / Who + 谓语动词 + 比较级，A or B?”。
7． “比较级 + than any other + 名词单数”表示“比任何一个都更……”，这时可以和最高级替换。
8． 表示“哪一个（人）最……？”可用句型“Which /Who + 谓语动词 + 最高级，A, B or C?”。
9． “one of the + 形容词最高级 + 名词复数”表示“最……之一”。
※ 特别提示
1． more than作为固定词组意为“多于”，常用于数词之前。
2． 如果形容词前的most相当于very时，不用定冠词the。
【专项练习】
Ⅰ. 请从各题后所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案。
( )1. —The new shoes cost me 100 yuan.
—Oh, you spent more than I. Mine were___________ than yours.
A. cheap B. cheaper C. expensive D. more expensive
( )2. —The film is wonderful!
—Well. At least it’s_________ the one I saw yesterday.
A. as bad as B. as well as C. as good as D. as badly as
( )3. —What does your sister look like now?
—She looks much ____________than before.
A. young B. younger C. youngest D. too young
( )4. The___________ you practise, the __________ you will speak English.
A. more, better B. better, more C. much, better D. more, good
( )5. David is 1.85 metres tall. He is____________ in his class.
A. tallest B. the tallest C. taller D. tall
( )6. —The room is _________clean as it was yesterday.
—Sorry, I forgot to clean it.
A. as B. so C. not so D. less
( )7. The Yellow River is the second ___________ river in China.
A. long B. longer C. longest D. the longest
( )8. The park is less __________ than that one.
A. more beautiful B. beautiful
C. the most beautiful D. much more beautiful
( )9. —You are sitting near to the TV. Can you move a little ___________?
—OK, Mum.
A. farther B. faster C. nearer D. shorter
( )10. —Sally jumps____________ than any other girl in our class.
—Maybe she will win the long jump match.
A. higher B. longer C. faster D. farther
( )11. Of the two foreign teachers, Mr King is__________ one. I think it’s easy for you to find him.
A. taller B. the taller C. the tallest D. tall
( )12. Beijing, the capital of China, is one of_______ cities in the world.
A. big B. bigger C. the biggest D. much bigger
( )13. —Mary, is Julie your twin sister?
—Oh, yes. She is twenty minutes___________ than me.
A. heavier B. longer C. taller D. older
( )14. Tony spent _________time and made _________ mistakes than Helen.
A. fewer, less B. much, many
C. less, fewer D. more, many
( )15. I like English _________ of all the subjects.
A. well B. best C. better D. much better
( )16. —I go to school by bus. What about you, Li Lei?
—By boat. I think it’s ___________ than taking a bus.
A. much fun B. a lot of fun
C. a lot more fun D. lots of fun
( )17. Alice is a good girl and she is always thinking________ of others than of herself.
A. much B. little C. less D. more
( )18. There will be ___________ travellers this year than last year.
A. many B. much C. most D. more
( )19. Henry is hard-working and he studies _________than all of his classmates.
A. better B. worse C. worst D. best
( )20. Chris is a patient woman, but she is _________ of the three women.
A. more patient B. the most patient
C. less patient D. the least patient
Ⅱ. 请根据句意，用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. Who came to school ____________(early) this morning, Jim or Tom?
2. Miss Qiao is one of _____________ (popular) teachers in our school.
3. Spring is coming and the weather is getting __________ (warm) and __________ (warm).
4. Which is _____________ (big), the sun, the moon or Earth?
5. He is ______________ (good) than me at drawing.
6. The new bridge is much____________ (wide) than the old one.
7. There is ___________ (little) milk in the cup than in the glass.
8. His__________ (old) brother is two years __________ (old) than him.
9. I think English is as _____________ (important) as Chinese.
10. I think Physics is_____________ (difficult) of all the subjects.
Ⅲ. 下列各句带下划线部分中有一处错误，请找出并 改正。
( )1. Mike’s bike is newer than his father. ___________
( )2. It’s better to go for a picnic than have classes. ___________
( )3. He is cleverer of the two. ___________
( )4. This schoolbag is more heavier than that one. ___________
( )5. Do you know who is the younger of the three boys? ___________Ⅳ. 同义句转换，每空一词（含缩写）。
1. This jacket is not as cheap as that one.
This jacket is _________ _____________ than that one.
2. My uncle is shorter than my father.
My father is ___________ ______________ my uncle.
3. Tom is the happiest boy in our class.
Tom is __________ ____________ ___________ __________ boy in our class.
4. Henry is 6 years old, and Harry is 6 years old, too.
____________ is as___________ as Henry.
5. I prefer TV plays to news.
I_____________ TV plays _____________ ___________ news.
6. Mao Amin is my favourite singer.
Of all the singers, I ____________ Mao Amin _____________.
7. Read more books, and you will get more knowledge.
____________ _____________ books your read, ___________
___________ knowledge you will get.
8. Ann runs faster than Rosa.
Rosa ____________ run as _______________as Ann.
9. Li Ping doesn’t speak Japanese as well as Li Wei.
Li Ping speaks Japanese ___________ ______________ Li Wei.
10. Tony has three pens, and his sister has two pens.
Tony’s sister has _____________ _____________ than Tony.
Ⅴ. 请根据汉语句子意思，完成英语句子，每空一词。
1. 姚明是世界上最有名的篮球运动员之一。
Yao Ming is _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ basketball __________ in the world.
2. 露西和埃玛相比，谁更外向一些？
Who is___________ _____________ , Lucy or Emma?
3. 吉姆对故事书越来越感兴趣。
Jim is __________ ___________ ___________ ___________in storybooks.
4. 辽宁的天气不如武汉暖和。
The weather in Liaoning is ___________ __________ ___________ _________ that in Wuhan.
5. 在所有的水果中，我最喜欢桔子。
I _____________ oranges ________________ of all the fruits.
6. 赵亮是我们班最强壮的学生。
Zhao Liang is _________ ___________ student __________our class.
7. 你家谁最忙，你爸、你妈还是你姐？
Who is __________ ________ in your family, your father, your mother___________ your sister?
8. 在这两条裙子中，姐姐选了较便宜的一条。
Of the two skirts, my sister chose ____________ ______________ one.
9. 我的电脑跟你的电脑一样大。
My computer is___________ ____________ __________ yours.
10. 你工作越努力，学到的就越多。
__________ ___________ you work, ___________ ___________ you will learn.
参考答案
形容词、副词的比较等级专项练习
Ⅰ. 1-5 BCBAB 6-10 CCBAD 11-15 BCDCB 16-20 CDDAD
Ⅱ. 1. earlier 2. the most popular 3. warmer, warmer 4. the biggest
5. better 6. wider 7. less 8. older / elder, older 9. important
10. the most difficult
Ⅲ. 1. his father→his father’s 2. have→to have
3. clever→the cleverer 4. 去掉more / more→much
5. younger→youngest
Ⅳ. 1. more expensive / less cheap 2. taller than
3. happier than any other 4. Harry, old 5. like, better than
6. like, best / most 7. The more, the more 8. doesn’t, fast
9. worse than 10. fewer pens
Ⅴ. 1. one of the most famous, players 2. more outgoing
3. more and more interested 4. not so / as warm as
5. like, best / most 6. the strongest, in 7. the busiest, or
8. the cheaper 9. as big as 10. The harder, the more
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