形容词、 副词的基本用法
【要点提示】
形容词
概念：形容词是用来描写或修饰名词（或代词）、表示人或事物的性质、特征、状态或属性的词。
功能：形容词可作定语、表语、补足语等。
位置：形容词一般置于它所修饰的名词之前；但当形容词修饰由some, any, every, no等构成的复合不定代词时须后置；enough 作形容词时，放在它所修饰的名词前后均可。
复合形容词的构成及用法：就初中而言，需掌握的复合形容词的构成形式是“数词 + 名词单数 + 形容词”，并且中间加连字符。复合形容词常在句中作前置定语。如 a 5-year-old boy等。
※ 特别提示
1． 有些形容词主要用作表语，所以又称表语形容词。这类形容词主要有afraid，alone，asleep，alive，awake，ill等。
2． 有些以-ly结尾的词是形容词而不是副词。如
friendly, lively, silly, lovely等。
3． 由-ing结尾的形容词通常修饰物，由-ed结尾的形容词通常修饰人。
4. “the + 形容词”表示一类人或物。
副词
概念：副词是用以修饰动词、形容词、其它副词以及全句的词，表示时间、地点、程度、方式等概念。
功能：
1. 副词在句中主要作状语，修饰动词、形容词、副词和全句。
2. 修饰某些不定代词和数词。如：Nearly everybody came to our party
3. 一些地点副词和时间副词，如here, there, home, abroad, upstairs, above, below, yesterday, today, tomorrow等可以作后置定语。如：Life here is full of joy.
4. 一些副词，如in, out, on, back, down, up, off,
away等可以作表语。如：Father is away.
5. 作宾语补足语。如：Ask him in, please.
6. 有些表示地点、时间的副词可作介词宾语。如：He lives not far from there.
位置：副词在句中的位置比较灵活：一般情况下，修饰动词可放其前也可放其后；修饰形容词、副词、副词短语、状语从句等时，放在其前；修饰全句放在句首；频度副词always, often等一般放在实义动词之前，情态动词、be动词、助动词之后；程度副词如very, much等一般放在被修饰词之前；表示序列的副词通常位于句首；enough作副词时须放在所修饰词之后。
【专项练习】
Ⅰ. 请从各题后所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案。
( )1. Few students like to talk to their parents about their problems.
___________, they’d like to talk to their friends.
A. Again B. Successfully
C. Instead D. Quietly
( )2. I think noodles are very___________ , so I often have them for lunch.
A. delicious B. healthy C. sweet D. fresh
( )3. —What do you think of the robot exhibition?
—It’s very_________. The robots can do the housework.
A. surprising B. surprised C. boring D. bored
( )4. —I feel really ___________before the plane trip.
—Take it easy.
A. serious B. patient C. proud D. nervous
( )5. —How was your holiday?
—It was __________ . The weather was so bad.
A. funny B. terrible C. good D. great
( )6. You always have the same food for breakfast.
Don’t you want something_______________?
A. clean B. cheap C. different D. difficult
( )7. Although it rained____________ , Jay Chou’s fans still waited for him outside the hotel.
A. hardly B. heavily C. strongly D. quickly
( )8. Lisa was very___________ when the doctor told her that she was
in better health.
A. sad B. worried C. happy D. interested
( )9. If you want to know the word__________, you’d better look it up in the dictionary.
A. exact B. exactly C. careful D. carefully
( )10. The teacher was__________ and he left the classroom without saying a word.
A. angry, angry B. angrily, angrily
C. angry, angrily D. angrily, angry
( )11. —Physics is ____________ too difficult for me. I can’t learn it well.
—Don’t give up. Nothing is difficult if you work hard.
A. sometimes B. never C. always D. hardly ever
( )12. —Excuse me. Could you tell me the way to the nearest supermarket?
—Go straight and turn right at the first crossing.
You can find it _____________.
A. slowly B. friendly C. easily D. lovely
( )13. —Do you have any hobbies?
—Yes. I have many hobbies. I _____________like collecting shells.
A. specially B. especially C. luckily D. fortunately
( )14. Your bedroom is so dirty. You should keep it ________ .
A. dry B. wet C. clean D. quiet
( )15. Though Lucy has worked ___________at Chinese for several years, she can ____________speak it.
A. hard, hard B. hard, hardly C. hardly, hardly D. hardly, hard
( )16. ___________, the child on the bike was not __________hurt.
A. Lucky, bad B. Luckily, bad C. Lucky, badly D. Luckily, badly
( )17. Try the coat on. _________ you’ll like it.
A. Possible B. Probable C. Also D. Perhaps
( )18. I shall go to bed now. I’m so ___________.
A. asleep B. sleepy C. clear D. awake
( )19. This is an _________book and I am __________ in it.
A. interesting, interesting
B. interested, interesting
C. interesting, interested
D. interested, interested
( )20. —Jenny, could you please help me take care of my pet when I am away?
—No problem! I can look after it _____________.
A. good enough B. bad enough
C. well enough D. hard enough
Ⅱ. 请根据句意，用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. I am not good at dancing, but I can sing __________ (well).
2. I’m __________ (real) sorry about it.
3. The plane landed ____________ (safe) at last.
4. Mr Zhao went back to get his notebook as___________ (quick) as he could.
5. His death made us _____________ (sad).
6. What a _____________ (sun) day it is!
7. The house next to the street is very ____________ (noise).
8. We should speak to old people ______________ (polite).
9. I need to wear glasses. I can’t see the words on the blackboard______________ (clear).
10. Mary is___________ (terrible) ill and must be sent to hospital at once.
11. ___________ (fortunate), I caught the last bus.
12. I think it’s __________(easy) to make dumplings.
13. Li Ming was so__________ (hunger) that he ate all the bread on the table.
14. I like to watch ___________(education) films.
15. As China is a____________ (develop) country, we must work hard to make our country richer and stronger.
16. The Chinese people are very ____________ (friend).
17. The news is very__________ (excite), and I feel __________ (excite).
18. The supermarket is___________ (open) from 8 a.m. to 8 p.m.
19. Don’t play in the street. It’s____________ (danger).
20. The boats are ______________(special) built for children.
Ⅲ. 请根据句意及首字母提示补全所缺形容词或副词。
1. It’s i for us to eat breakfast.
2. We can’t go out to play now. It’s r .
3. The book is very u . It will help you a lot.
4. The city of Pingyao is f for its beef.
5. You look w . What’s the matter?
6. He has n been to Australia.
7. I didn’t expect to be treated d from anyone else.
8. Guangzhou is in the s part of China.
9. The old man can’t hear you. He is d .
10. My f colour is pink.
11. I like to go shopping a , but my sister likes going shopping with many friends.
12. Please run s . I can’t catch up with you.
13. At night, to keep a , they sat on the floor and told each other stories.
14. My mother must be working now because the light in her room is o .
15. Bob was sleeping upstairs. At that time the doorbell rang and he had
to go d to answer the door.
16. Thank you for your advice; it has been very h .
17. You can carry this bag yourself — It’s quite l .
18. He is very quiet at home but very a in class.
19. I am f . I don’t want anything to eat.
20. He has been a from home for four
days. His parents have been looking for him.
Ⅳ. 请根据汉语句子意思，完成英语句子，每空一词。
1． 这儿的天气很暖和。
The weather_____________ is very warm.
2. 我有些趣事要告诉你。
I have ___________ ________________ to tell you.
3. 你应该认真做作业。
You should do your homework ______________.
4. 宋祖英的声音听起来很甜美。
Song Zuying’s voice _______________very_____________.
5. 那个幸运的女孩很健康。
The _______________girl is very_______________- .
6. 孩子们正在外边玩雪。
The children are ___________playing with snow.
7. 那次轻松的旅行让我感到很放松。
The _____________ trip made me feel _______________.
8. 我们应该尽力帮助残疾人。
We should try our best to help ____________ ___________ .
9. 这个年轻人通常骑自行车上班。
The young man _________ _________ _________ _________
by bike.
10. 他个子够高的，可以打篮球。
He is ____________ _____________ to play basketball.
参考答案
形容词、副词的基本用法专项练习
Ⅰ. 1-5 CAADB 6-10 CBCBC 11-15 CCBCB 16-20 DDBCC
Ⅱ. 1. well 2. really 3. safely 4. quickly / quick 5. sad 6. sunny
7. noisy 8. politely 9. clearly 10. terribly 11. Fortunately
12. easy 13. hungry 14. educational 15. developing
16. friendly 17. exciting, excited 18. open 19. dangerous
20. specially
Ⅲ. 1. important 2. rainy 3. useful 4. famous 5. worried 6. never
7. differently 8. southern 9. deaf 10. favourite 11. alone
12. slowly / slow 13. awake 14. on 15. down / downstairs
16. helpful 17. light 18. active 19. full 20. away
Ⅳ. 1. here 2. something interesting 3. carefully 4. sounds, sweet
5. lucky, healthy 6. out / outside 7. relaxing, relaxed
8. the disabled 9. usually goes to work 10. tall enough
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